城市轨道交通专业英语翻译

l.CarbodyI6」nnerequipmenti辎因5.Collectionl.CarbodyI6」nnerequipmenti辎因5.CollectionSet7.Electricaldevices3.Tractiondevices4.BrakingdeviceUrbanMetroCHARACTERISTICS城市地铁特点Comfort舒适性Shortcut捷径Punctuality守时Littlepollution小污染Safety安全性1、车体2、转向架3、牵引缓冲装置4、制动装置5、采集装置6、内部设备7、电气设备Carbody车体Itistoaccommodatepassengersandthedriver.这是为了容纳乘客和司机。Meanwhile,itisthebasiccomponenttoconnecttootherdevicesorcarbodies.同时，它是连接到其他设备或汽车车身的基本部件。Forthepurposeofmeetingthestrengthrequirementwhilekeepingtheself-weightatitslowest.为了满足强度要求，同时保持自重最低。Integratedsteelstructureorlightmetalstructureisadopted.采用整体式钢结构或轻型金属结构。Itusuallycomprisesofthefloor,theroof,sidesandendwalls.它通常包括地板、屋顶、侧壁和端壁。Bogies转向架Motorandtrailerbogiesarelocatedbetweenthecarbodyandthetrack,todragandguidethevehiclesmovingalongthetrack.汽车和拖车转向架位于车体与轨道之间，拖曳和引导车辆沿轨道运动。Theycabbearandtransferavarietyofloadfromlinesandthecarbody,easingitsdynamicaction.他们从线路和车体上承担和传递各种载荷，减轻其动力作用。Itusuallycomprisesofframe,springsuspension,wheelaxleboxandbrakedevices,etc.它通常包括车架、弹簧悬架、车轮轴箱和制动装置等。TractionandBufferdevices牵引缓冲装置Thedevicesfunctiontogetherasthecouplerwhichhelpstoimprovetheverticalstability.这些器件作为车钩一起起作用，有助于提高垂直稳定性。Bufferdevicesareincludedincouplerstomitigatethetrainjerk.缓冲装置包括在车钩中以减轻火车颠簸。Theyarealsousedtoconnecttheelectricallinesandairlinesbetweenvehicles.它们也用于连接车辆之间的电线和空气管道。Brakingdevices制动装置Theyarecrucialtotheoperationsafetyofthetrain.这对列车的运行安全至关重要。Theyareinstalledinmotorcarsandtrailercarstoensurethattheoperationvehiclescanbeslowdownascommandedandthatthebrakestoppingdistanceiswithinrequiredlimit.它们安装在机动车辆和拖车，以确保操作车辆按指令减速，制动停止距离在规定的限度内。Inadditiontoconventionalpneumaticbraking,electro-dynamicbrakingisintroduced.除了传统的气动制动之外，还介绍了电动制动。5.collectionset采集装置（电流）Thecollectorsareusedtoleadcurrenttomotorcars.这些收集器是用来采集车辆电流的。Methods:trolley,bow,side,thirdrail,pantographcollectors.方法：车、弓、侧、第三轨、受电弓器。Astothepowersupply,DC750Viswidelyusedinmanycitieswithmetros,BeijingMetro.ShanghaiMetrousedDC1500V.DC600Visrarelyused.至于电源，直流750V广泛应用于许多城市与地铁，北京地铁。上海地铁采用直流1500V直流600伏很少使用。Innerequipment内部设备Theequipmentreferstothefixedfacilitiesaccommodatingpassengersinthecarbody,includingsuchequipmentasventilation,heating,airconditions,seats,handrails,etc.设备是指车辆内容纳乘客的固定设施，包括通风、供暖、空调、座椅、扶手等设备。Theequipmentalsoreferstoaccessoriessupportingtheoperationofthevehicle,whicharemostlythosesuspendinginthecarchassis,suchasbogies,batterybox,thetractionbrakingbox,etc.该设备还指支持车辆运行的附件，主要是悬挂在汽车底盘上的车辆，如转向架、蓄电池箱、牵引制动箱等。Electricalsystem电系统Electricalsystemsincludeavarietyofelectricalfacilitiesinvehiclesandthecorrespondingcontrolcircuits.电系统包括车辆中的各种电气设备和相应的控制电路。Theycanbegenerallydividedinto3sections:themainelectricalsystem,theauxiliarycircuitsystem,andtheelectroniccontrolsystem.它们一般可分为3个部分：主电气系统、辅助电路系统和电子控制系统。Performanceparameters性能参数Selfweight自重Load负载Volume体积Designingvelocity设计速度Axleweight轴重Trackloadofeverylengtheningmeter每台加长计的轨道载荷Thenegotiatingminimumcurveradius通过曲线最小半径Axiscolumnsnumbers轴列数Themaximumstartacceleration最大起动加速度Powerindicatorofeveryton每吨功率指示器Supplyvoltage电源电压Brakingtype制动类型Thenumberofseatsandthenumberofstandingpassengerspersquaremeter座位数和每平方米站立旅客数Dimensionparameters尺寸参数Thewholelength全长Maximumwidth最大宽度Maximumheightofvehicle;车辆最大高度；Thecarbodylength车身长度Width宽度Height高度Vehicleinterval车辆间隔Fixedbogiewheelbase固定转向架轴距Thewholewheelbase整个轴距Theheightfromcoupler耦合器高度centerlinetothetracksurface轨道表面中心线Thefloorheight地板高度Metro/underground/rapidtransitArapidtransitMetro/underground/Elevatedrailwayoperatedinanurbanareawithhighcapacityandfrequency,andgradeseparationfromothertraffic.Thesystemsareabletotransportlargeamountsofpeoplequicklyovershortdistanceswithlittlelanduse.Variationsofrapidtransitincludepeoplemovers,small-scalelightmetroandcommuterrailhybridS-Bahn.Morethan160citieshaverapidtransitsystems,totallingmorethan8000kmoftrackand7000stations,25citieshavesystemsunderconstruction.TheVancouverSkytrainisthelongestautomatedrapidtransitsystemintheworld,italsoincludesthelongestmasstransit-onlybridge,theSkybrige.快速轨道地铁/地下铁道/高架铁路在城市中运营，具有高容量和频率，与其他交通分隔。这些系统能够在短距离的土地上快速地运送大量的人。快速公交的变化包括人车、小型地铁和通勤铁路混合动力系统。超过160个城市有快速公交系统，总计超过8000公里的轨道和7000个车站，25个城市正在建设中。温哥华空中列车是世界上最长的自动快速交通系统，它还包括最长的公共交通专用桥，高架桥。SpeakingYouareabouttotraveltoanothercitywhichis1000kmawayfromyourhome,airplanes,high-speedtrainsandcoachesareallavailable,whichwaywillyoutakeandwhy.你将要去另一个距离你家1000公里的城市，飞机、高速火车和长途汽车都是可用的，你会选择哪条路？为什么？CarBodyStructure车身结构1、CarBodyStructureThecarbodyframeisofflatprofiletypes,permitstousecoldcastcovering.车身骨架采用扁平型材，允许使用冷铸罩。Thematerialispolyurethaneresinbasewithelastomergranulates,whichcanformcontinuous,smoothsurfaceoverthefulllengthofthesaloon.该材料是聚亚安酯树脂基弹性体颗粒，可以在车辆建筑表面形成连续，光滑的表面。Ithasnotanyjunctionpointsandisperfectlyresistanttocleaningwater.它没有任何连接点，完全防水。Themostimportantpartoftherailtransitvehiclestructure.轨道交通车辆结构中最重要的部分。Theprimarystructureofthecarbodyshellisintegrateddesignsuitableforrapidtransitservicewithnofatigueorpermanentdeformationfailuresundernormaloperationconditions.车身壳体的主要结构是适合于快速运输服务的集成设计，在正常操作条件下没有疲劳或永久变形故障。Itiscomposedof6parts:Thebaseframe,theroof,thetwosidewalls,thetwoendwalls,andtheroof.它由6部分组成：基础框架、屋顶、两个侧壁、两个端壁和屋顶。Thebodystructureisofadequatestrengthtoresistthestressimposedbythespecification.车身结构具有足够的强度以抵抗规定所施加的应力。Thecarbodyshellisself-supportingrigidstructure,madeandcomposedoflargealuminumextrusionssectionsconnectedbywelding.车体壳体为自承式刚性结构，由大型铝挤压型材焊接而成。IntegratedDesign:Theshellisdesignedasatube,allprofilesareweldedtogetherinalongitudinaldirection,providinghighrigidityofthecarbodywhilstusingminimumamountofmaterial.集成设计：外壳设计为一个管子，所有型材纵向焊接在一起，在使用最小材料的同时提供车身的高刚性。Thebodystrengthcanmeetthefollowingrequirements:dynamicload,staticload,impactloadappliedunderoperatingconditionsandallotherconditions,eg.jerking,lifting,coupling.车身强度可满足以下要求：动载荷、静载荷、在工作条件下施加的冲击载荷和所有其它条件，如挺杆、起重、联轴器。Thefloorbeamsareprovidedtomeetcarbodystrengthrequirementsandsupporttheunder-floorequipment.地板梁是为了满足车身强度要求而提供的，并支撑地板下的设备。Thefloorpanelsareofahollow,internallybracedstructurewherenecessarytosupporttheunder-floorapparatus.地板是中空的，内部支撑结构，必要时支撑地板设备。2、CARBODYINTERIORMOUNTINGS车身内饰Designofinteriorstylingconcept:室内造型设计理念：FunctionalrequirementsErgonomicsAesthetics功能需求人体工效学现代美学InteriorMountings内装FloorcoveringandfloorprofileCeilingSeatingGrabpolesandhandrailsWallliningandwindowsealsThecabarrangementDraughtscreenElectriccabinetsandATCcubicle地板覆盖与地板型材凹形天花板坐式座椅抓斗杆和扶手壁衬和窗密封驾驶室布置通风筛电柜与ATC柜Floorcoveringandfloorprofiles地板覆盖物和地板型材Undersurfaceisthermallyprotectedwithalayerofinsulationmaterialbackedbyastainlesssteelsheet.下表面热保护一层绝缘材料，用不锈钢薄板支撑。Aneffectivefirebarrierfor45minutes.一个有效的防火屏障45分钟。

Resistanychangesandkeepitsperformanceorappearance.抵制任何变化，并保持其表现或外观。Uppersideelastomercoveringissubjectedtodust.上侧弹性体覆盖物被灰尘覆盖。Ceiling:天花板：Longitudinalbeam－aluminumprofilesCrossbar－aluminumprofilesRoofarches－aluminumprofilesLightsReardiffuser－aluminumprofilesDiffuserCeilingpanel纵梁-铝型材横杆-铝型材屋顶拱-铝型材灯光后扩散器-铝型材扩散器天花板面板Seats:座位：meetsergonomicrequirementstooffercomfortablesittingconditions.符合人体工程学要求，提供舒适的坐姿。Thebenchesisalwaysfittedwithlongitudinallyinstalledseats.Thisarrangementallowsforsufficientseatingcapacityinoff-peakhourscombinedwithhighcapacitiesforstandingpassengersduringpeakhours.长椅总是配有纵向安装的座椅。这种安排允许在非高峰时段有足够的座位容量，同时在高峰时间为站立的乘客提供高容量。Grabpolesandhandrails:抓斗杆和扶手：Thevehicleareprovidedwithsufficientrails,toensurepeopletostandinthesaloontoreachahandhold.Grabpolesandhandrailsarefabricatedfromstainlesssteelandaredurablyfinished.车辆配备有足够的钢轨，以确保人们站在TheSaloon夜店到达手持式。抓斗杆和扶手由不锈钢制成，耐用地完成。Wallliningandwindowseals:墙衬和窗密封：Thewallspanelfittedwithclipsonthestructure墙板镶有结构上的夹子Thelowerwindowsillsbehindthewindowandthewallpanel窗户和墙板后面的窗台下面AstandbackcorneroneachdoorsideWindowSealWindowSealWallliningWalllining每个门侧有一个倒立的角落

WindowSealWindowSealWallliningWallliningThecabarrangement:驾驶室布置：ThecabarrangemCeiling天花扳Cabdoor驾驶室门Fireextinguisher灭火器Thedriver'seat驾驶员椅Thedriver1Thecabarrangement:驾驶室布置：ThecabarrangemCeiling天花扳Cabdoor驾驶室门Fireextinguisher灭火器Thedriver'seat驾驶员椅Thedriver1de$k驾驶员桌Cabpartition驾驶室隔墙,PassagesidewindowsPassageaccessdoorsThedoorwindowEmergencyexitdoorAirconditioningsystemOthersPassagesidewindows:SmallandlargeonesLocatedontherightandleftsidesSimple-partanddouble-blazedRubbersealingNojointingWaterprooofEasyreplacementfrominside通道侧窗口通道通道门门窗紧急出口门空调系统其他幺通道侧窗口通道通道门门窗紧急出口门空调系统其他幺通道侧窗：小的和大的位于左右两侧简单部分和双重闪耀舷密封末水上乐园从内部容易更换Doubleleafslidingplugdoor10doorsforeachcar,5doorssymmetricallylocatedoneachsideEachelectricalslidingplugdooriscontrolledbyoneDoorControlUnit(DCU).SupportBarattachedtovehicleviaabaseconsole—takealltheweightandprovideparallelpositionduringopeningandclosing.通道入口门：双口廿骨塞门每辆车有代扇门r两侧各有5扇门对称。每个电动滑塞门由一个门控制单元(DCU)控制。支撑杆通过基座连接到车辆上「在开启和关闭过程中承受所有的重星并提供平行位Electricmotorwithgear—drivespindle—linkedtotrolleys—carriers.电动机与齿轮传动轴连接在手推车托架上。Afreewheel/clutchunitisflangedtothespindle.Closing:engagedandmechanicallypreventsopening.Opening:releaseelectromagnetically.Emergency:amanualrelease.一个自由轮/离合器单元被法兰连接到主轴上。关闭：接合和机械地防止开口。打开：电磁释放。紧急情况：手动释放。Aemergencyhandleislocatedontheinternalsidewall—Reset,thedoorswitchesbacktonormaloperation紧急手柄位于内部侧壁-复位，门切换回正常操作。Doorleaf:Aluminiumsandwichconstruction门叶：铝夹层结构丁Theedgeflangedtotheframe/边缘向框架凸缘丁Theinternalsurfaceisflush(supportingfixings)/内表面平齐(支撑固定)丁Glazing—flushoutsideskin/外皮上釉丁Rubberextrusions—environmentalsealing/橡胶挤出物环境密封丁Theleadingedge—hollowrubberfireretardant/前缘空心橡胶阻燃剂丁Retainingdevices—atfrontoftheleadingedgethreshold-mountedcloseddoortomeetdeflectionrequirement/安装在前门门槛前的保持装置以满足偏转要求丁Retainingedge—onuppertrailingedgetopreventdisplacement(upwardforces)./在上后缘保持边缘以防止位移(向上的力)。Doorwindow:门窗：丁Single-glazedwindow—upperportion/单玻璃窗上部丁Neoprenemountingrubber/氯丁橡胶安装橡胶丁Dropwindow—cabslidingdoor/落窗驾驶室滑动门丁Twowindshields—laminatedsafetyglassprovidevisibilityofthetrack,tracksignals./两个挡风玻璃叠层安全玻璃提供轨道、轨道信号的可视性。丁Defrostdevice—demistinganddefrosting/除霜装置除雾、除霜resistorintegrated/heatingfoil(transparenttinoxidelayerinnerside)电阻集成/加热箔(透明氧化锡层内侧)丁Thewindshieldwipersareoperatedbyusingtheswitchonthediver'sdeskoronthenon-operatingdesk风挡刮水器是使用非工作台上的开关或非操作台上的开关来操作的。Emergencyexitdoor(Escaperamp):紧急出口门(逃生坡道)：Onthefrontsideofthecab驾驶室正面Openanddeploys-initsfinalposition打开和部署-在它的最终位置Passengerdescendfromcabfloordowntotracklevel乘客从驾驶室地板下降到轨道高度Frontlightandcablightautomaticallyswitchedon前照灯和驾驶室灯自动接通Theemergencydoorisalwaysreadytobeused.紧急门随时准备使用。3、CARBODYINSULATION车身绝缘Airconditioningsystem空调系统Roof-mounted车顶安装Ventilationandairconditioning屋顶安装Dustingsystem—abovetheceiling除尘系统在天花板上Evenlydistributed均匀分布Pleasanttemperatureandhumidityinside舒适的内部温度和湿度Sufficientfreshair—incaseofveryextremehotandhumidityenvironmentoutside.充足的新鲜空气，在非常极端的高温和潮湿环境之外的情况下。Thefloor,theroof,sidewallsandendwallsarethermallyandacousticallyinsulatedonthecarbody.地板、屋顶、侧壁和端壁在车身上进行隔热和隔音。Thermoralinsulatingmaterial:non-rotting,non-degradingproperty—coolingperformance.保温材料：不腐烂、不易降解的冷却性能。Floor—temperatureresistantmineralwool—specifiedfiresafetyperformance.地板—耐温矿棉—规定的消防安全性能。Acousticinsulation—interiorlingings.隔音内衬Heavy-dutymatbounded有界重型毡Bogies转向架Oneofthemostimportantcomponents,affecttherunningoperation,dynamicperformanceanddrivingsafety.其中最重要的部件之一是影响行车运行、动力性能和行车安全。Swivel-connectedtotheunder-frameofthecarbodybythecenterpivotplatearrangement.通过中心枢轴板的布置将转体连接到车身的下框架上。Function功能－supportingofthecarbody支撑车体－Suspendinganddampingthecarbody悬挂和减震车身－Movementoftrain列车运行－Brakingoftrain列车制动Wheelsets(wheels,axle,axleboxes,earthingbrush,slip-slidegenerator,speedgenerator),twospringsuspensionsystem,Bogieframe,Brakes,Tractiondiveunite,connectionofbogietothecarbody.轮对(车轮、车轴、轴箱、接地电刷、滑移滑块发电机、速度发电机)、双弹簧悬挂系统、转向架构架、制动器、牵引下潜器、转向架与车体的连接。Wheelsets轮对Solidbodiedwheels.坚固的车轮。Wheelsareshrunkontotheaxles.车轮收缩到车轴上。TheaxlesaresupportedinstandardTaperBearingUniteswhicharepressedfitontotheaxles.车轴支承在标准锥度轴承轴承上，并将其压在轴上。Eachwheelsetisdesignedtobeequippedwithearthingcontactatonewheelsetendwhererequiredandwithaspeedsensorattheotherend.每个轮对被设计成在需要的一个轮对端装备接地接触，另一端设置速度传感器。Suspensionsystem悬挂系统Primaryandsecondarysuspension一、二级悬挂Primarysuspensionworksbetweenthewheelsetsandbogieframe.轮对与转向架架之间的一次悬挂。WheelsetsareprovidedandguidedbyChevrontypeprimaryspringwithinherentdampandfreeofwearandtear.轮轴是由具有固有阻尼和无磨损的人字型初级弹簧提供和引导的。Transmitforcesofallthreedirectionsfromwheelsettobogieframe.将所有三个方向的力从轮对传递到转向架框架。Secondarysuspensionworksbetweenbogieframeandcarbody.转向架车架与车身之间的二次悬挂Providedwithtwoairsprings.设有两个空气弹簧。Serveforautomaticadjustmentofcarbodyheightatdifferentloadscontrolledbyairspringlevelingvalues.在空气弹簧调平值控制下，可自动调节车身在不同载荷下的高度。Protectthebogieframeandvehiclesfromexcessiveshockloadsfromtrack.保护转向架车架和车辆不受轨道冲击载荷的影响。Avoidderailandachievegoodcurvingperformance.避免脱轨，达到良好的弯曲性能。Brakes制动器Consistofdynamicbrakingandfourblockbrakeunitesoneachmotorbogieandtrailerbogie.包括在每个转向架和挂车转向架上的动态制动和四个块制动单元Twooftheblockbrakeunitsofeachbogieareadditionallyequippedwithspringbrakeactuatorsfortheparkingbrake.每个转向架的两个制动块附加地配备有用于驻车制动器的弹簧制动致动器。Others—Tractionlinkage其他——牵引连接装置Equippedwithsilentrubberblocks.配备无声橡胶块。transmitstractionandbrakingforcesbetweenvehiclesandbogies.在车辆和转向架之间传递牵引力和制动力。Permitsfullmovement(lateralvertical,yawpitch),restrictedlongitudinaldisplacement.允许全面运动(横向垂直，偏航角)，限制纵向位移。Others—AntiRollBar其他——防侧倾杆Fittedwithrubber装有橡胶Minimizethetransmissionofnoiseandvibrationfromtrackintovehicle.尽量减少从轨道到车辆的噪声和振动的传递。Controlsanylateral(roll)movement控制任何侧向(滚转)运动Connectsbetweenthebogieandvehiclebody.在转向架与车体之间连接。Others其他Shockabsorberdampinaverticalandhorizontaldirection.减震器在垂直方向和水平方向的阻尼。Bufferslimitthelateralmovementofthecarbody.缓冲器限制车身的横向运动。Guidingrodsareequippedwithsilentrubberblockstransmitpropulsionandbrakingforcestothecarbody.导杆装有无声橡胶块，向车身传递推进力和制动力。AntennafortheATPsystemequippedinsometrailerbogies.在一些挂车转向架上装有ATP系统的天线。

Coupler车钩Couplers:车钩Importantandwidelyused.重要而广泛应用。Coupletrains,achievingmechanicalcoupling,electricalcoupling,airpipcoupling耦合列车，实现机械耦合，电耦合，空气PIP耦合•车钩IofthetractionSemi-automaticcoupler自动车钩Transmitandrelievethelongitudinalforcegeneratedduringvehicleworkingandshunting.传递和缓解车辆工作和分流过程中产生的纵向力。•车钩IofthetractionSemi-automaticcoupler自动车钩Designedtocoupletrainsandtoprotectvehicles

fromdamagetoshockabsorptiondevice.设计用于耦合列车^保护车辆免受减震装置的损坏。牵引连接方式emi-permanentar日w・oar为确IS铁路车辆的永久连接而设计的半永久车钩IJ半自动车钩Designedtocoupletwohalftrainstoconstituteatrainfintheeventofanoverloadconditionduringcollisions牵引连接方式emi-permanentar日w・oar为确IS铁路车辆的永久连接而设计的半永久车钩IJAutomaticcoupler:自动车钩Permitscoupledvehiclestonegotiateverticalandhorizontalcurvesandallowrotationalmovements.允许耦合的车辆协商垂直和水平曲线并允许旋转运动。Thecouplerheadconsistofahousinginwhichthecouplinganduncouplingassembliesarelocated.车钩头包括一个壳体，在该壳体中安装了联轴器和解耦组件。•Simplybumping—Electricandpneumaticconnectionssystematicallyestablishedassoonasthecouplersaremated.简单的连接。一旦车钩配对，系统自动地建立电气和气动连接。•Electricallycoupled—”Coupled”stateindicatedondriver'sdesk.电动连接-“连接”状态显示在驾驶台上。•Uncouplingautomatically—remotepneumaticallycontrolfromoneofbothdrivingcabs.从两个驾驶室中的一个自动解耦远程气动控制。Uncouplingmanually-onecouplerbyremovingtheuncouplingleverunderthecouplerheadwithahexagon-shapedwrench.手动解耦-一个联结器通过拆卸钩头下的六角扳手的解耦杠杆。"Readytocouple”position“准备配对”的位置Couplinglinkisretractedandheldbytheratchetandliesclosetotheedgecorn..连接棘轮由棘齿收回并保持在靠近边缘的眼上。Thehookplateistensedbysprings.

钩板由弹簧拉紧。Theratchetprojectsoverthesideofthecouplerheadcasingandengageswiththenoseofcatchsupport棘轮在钩头壳体的侧面伸出并与抓持器的突出部分接合。“Coupled”position“连接”位置Springloadedcatchesarepressedbackwardsbytheconesagainsttheratchetswhicharereleased.弹簧加载被锥体逆向棘齿释放。Tensionspringuntilthecouplinglinksengagewiththehookedplatewhicharepressedagainstastopinsidetheheadchasing.张力弹簧直到联结连杆与钩板接合，钩板被压在头部内的止动件上。Thecouplerlocksformaparallelogramensuringequilibriumofforcesandissubjectedtotensileload.车钩锁定形成平行四边形，确保力的平衡，并承受拉伸载荷。“Uncoupled”position“解耦”位置Thehookedplatetensedbyspring—turneduntilthecouplinglinksarereleased.通过弹簧张紧的钩板转动直到联结链松开为止。Couplerlockretainastheratchethasengagedwiththecatch.棘爪与棘爪啮合时，钩锁保持不变。Thecatchloadedbytensionspringmovesforwardandreleasetheratchet.张力弹簧加载的棘爪向前移动并释放棘轮。Thecouplerlockisturnedbytheactionoftensionsprings.耦合器锁通过张力弹簧的作用转动。Semi-Automaticcoupler:半自动车钩Coupletwovehicleunitestoconstituteatrain.将两辆车联结成一列。Ashockabsorptionprotectfromdamagesinoverloadconditionduringcollision.减震保护防止碰撞时过载的损坏。Couplingisperformedautomaticallywithoutmanualassistant.连接自动执行，无需人工助理。Airpipesareautomaticallyconnected.空气管道自动连接Bothelectricalcouplinganduncouplingismanuallyusingaspanner.电耦合和解耦都是手动使用扳手。Mechanicaluncouplingcanbemanuallybyaspannerorautomaticallybypneumaticuncouplingvalve.机械解耦可由扳手手动或气动解耦阀自动控制。Theemergencybrakeonbothtrainsectionstopreventunintendedde-coupling.列车紧急制动，防止意外脱钩。Hassamecomponentsastheautomaticcoupler.具有与自动车钩相同的部件。Permitsnegotiateverticalcurvesandhorizontalcurveandallowrotation.允许垂直曲线和水平曲线，并允许旋转。Semi-permanentdraw-bar:半永久式车钩Ensurepermanentconnectionofvehicles确保车辆的永久连接Noseparation—exceptforemergencyormaintenanceintheworkshop.车辆间内除应急或维修外，不得分离。Ensuremechanicalcouplingandthecontinuityofthemainairpipe.确保机械耦合和主风管的连续性。Equippedwithanelectricalconnectionforemergencybrake.为紧急制动配备电气连接。Drawbarhavesareconnectedbyeasilydetachablemuffcoupling—ensurerigid,slack-freeandsafeconnection.拉杆连接件由易于拆卸的套筒连接连接，确保刚性、无松驰和安全连接。Couplinganduncouplingareconductedonthebaritselfbyassemblinganddisassemblingthecouplingmuffs.通过装配和拆卸耦合套筒，在杆身上进行耦合和解耦。Permitscoupledunitstonegotiateverticalandhorizontalcurves.允许耦合单元的垂直和水平曲线。Allowrotationalmovementsevenatdifferentheight.允许旋转运动，即使在不同的高度。Gangways连接通道Definition:定义Agangwayistheflexibleelementandallowspeoplemovingbetweencoupledvehicles,contributingtoaneven,safe,andcomfortabledistributionofpassengersthroughoutthetrain.连接通道是柔性元件，允许人们在连接的车辆之间移动，有助于在整个列车上均匀、安全和舒适地分布乘客。•Capability:能力Negotiate（通过）themostrestrictive（严苛）combinationofconditions（Verticalcurve,horizontalcurve,worsttrackconditions,vehiclespeed）andcopewithallkindsofmovementsunderalloperationconditions,serveasavestibule（车厢末端连接）forpassengers.允许在最严格的条件组合下（垂直曲线、水平曲线、最差轨道条件、车速），并在各种操作条件下应付各种运动，作为乘客的前厅。•Characteristics:特性All-aroundcloseddesign（全密封设计）.Quitetightagainstingress.紧凑、难以进入Efficientthermalandnoiseinsulation（高效的绝缘）.•Components:组件Avehiclemountingplat车辆安装平台Afaceplate（面板）Bellowsassembly（风箱组件）Gatheringmechanism收集机制LatchingMechanism锁机制Bridgeplate（踏桥）•VehicleMountingPlate（VMP）车辆安装板丁Aluminiumportalstructure—rigidinterface.铝门结构刚性界面。丁Directlyboltedtothevehiclebodyviamountingholes（安装孑L）.通过安装孔直接螺栓连接到车身上。丁Withstandingalloperationloadsexertedthroughthebellowsassembly.承受通过波纹管组件施加的所有操作负载。丁Profiledtoaccommodateanintegralelastomericseal整体化弹性密封）.成型，以适应一个整体的弹性密封丁Elastomericsealiscompressedandprovidesanautomaticenvironmentalseal.弹性密封件被压缩并提供自动环境密封。丁Finishedwithapaintsystemapprovedofexterioruse.完成后在使用前涂上油漆Faceplate面板丁Aluminiumportalstructure—thematingsurfacefortheconnectionoftwogangways.铝门结构，用于连接两个连接通道的配合面。丁Profiledtoaccommodateanintegralelastomericsealonrearwardface.成型，以适应一个整体弹性密封后表面。丁Elastomericsealcompressedandprovidesanautomaticenvironmentalsealwhentwogangwaysareclosedandlocked.弹性密封件压缩，并提供自动环境密封时，两个通道关闭和锁定。丁Connectedtobellowsassembly—boltedthroughmountingholes.通过安装孔连接到波纹管组件螺栓。Bellows风箱丁Flexible,doubleskinnedandreinforcedelastomericenclosure（增强型弹性外壳）withoutpermanentdeformation（持久变形）.柔性的、双皮的和增强的弹性外壳（不变形），没有永久变形。丁AttachedtofaceplateandVMP—acriticaloperationthatcannotbeseparatedfromthem.贴面板和vmp-a临界操作，不能分开。丁Anyactionrequiringbellowsremovalandrefittingmustbecompletedbythegangwaymanufacturer.任何需要风箱拆除和改装的动作都必须由连接通道制造商完成。Gatheringmechanism聚集机制丁Drawingtogetherofgangwaysduringcoupling联轴器合拢丁Initialseparationafteruncoupling.初步分离后解连丁Operatedfrominsideofthegangway从连接通道内侧操作Latchingmechanism闩锁机构丁Adeadboltbarwithanovercenterlocking（过中心锁定）mechanism.一个具有过中心锁定（死锁）机制的死锁杆。丁Function:Finaldrawingtogetherandlockingofthetwoopposingfaceplatesfollowingvehiclecoupling.功能：在车辆联轴器之后，将两个相对的面板最终连接在一起并锁定。丁Oncethetwofaceplateshavebeenfullygatheredtogetherbythegatheringmechanism,thelatchingmechanismcanbeoperatedtosecurethefaceplateaftergathering.当两个面板通过聚集机构完全聚集在一起时，可以操作闩锁机构以在收集之后固定。Bridgeplate桥板/Alsocalledtreadplate（花纹板）isanti-sliptype（防滑型）.又称胎面板，是防滑型。丁Usedtocarrystandingpassengers.用来运送站立的乘客。丁Meetrequirementloadof9personpersquaremeter.满足每平方米9人的需求负荷。丁Materialshouldbechosentomeetrequirementsofminimalwearout最小的磨损）.材料应选择满足最小磨损的要求。Allmaterialsusedinthegangwayshouldmeettherequirementsoffireprevention（防火）standardsandanti-corrosion（防腐蚀）.连接通道内所有材料均应符合防火标准和防腐蚀要求。Movementtest运动测试Itisdesignedtoverifygangwayperformanceduringvehicleoperations.它被设计用于验证车辆运行期间的舷梯性能。Twomoveablebenchescansimulatethemovementunderdifferenttrackconditions.两个活动椅可以模拟不同轨道条件下的运动。Extrememovementsandendurancetestcanbeperformedonthistestingbenches.在这个测试台上可以进行极限运动和耐久性试验。3.TheElectricalandElectronicTechnology电工电子技术Transmission&Control传动与控制•传动与控制系统|TransmissionandControl•Drivesystemcomponents:（牵引逆变器）^TractioninverterControl|TractionmotorTCUTransmit—Mastercontroller（牵引电机）（牵引控制单元）•Drivesystemcomponents:（牵引逆变器）^TractioninverterControl|TractionmotorTCUTransmit—Mastercontroller（牵引电机）（牵引控制单元）（主控制器）Gearsandcouplings（齿轮联轴器）（制动电阻）BrakingresistorsLinecurrent（输电线电流）•TractionInverters/Tractionconverter/propulsioninverters牵引逆变器/牵引变流器/推进逆变器•Feedthethree-phaseACtractionmotor三相交流牵引电动机供电•Torquetransmittedviatoothed-gear-typecoupling（齿轮式联轴器）andthegeartotheaxleshaft（驱动轴）.通过齿形齿轮联轴器传递扭矩并将齿轮传递到轴上。•Thecurrent1500VDCfromthecatenaryisfedtothevehiclesystemthroughpantographandmainfuses（主保险丝）.将悬链线电流1500伏直流电通过受电弓和主保险丝馈送至车辆系统。•Theinverterswitchingelements（开关元件）aresixInsulatedGateBipolarTransistors（IGBTS,绝缘栅双极晶体管）逆变开关元件是绝缘栅双极型晶体管（IGBT,IGBT）。丁TheIGBTsareswitchedusingaPulseWidthModulation（PWM脉宽调制）controltrategybythePropulsionControlElectronics（PCE,推进控制电子）.利用脉冲宽度调制（PWM,Sturvier-Tobe）控制策略，通过推进控制电子设备（PCE,SurvivSoadStand）切换IGBT。丁TheIGBTsareusedtosynthesizeDC直流电）inputtoSinusoidalAC（正弦交流电）output.ACisofVariableVoltagesandVariableFrequencies（VVVF变压变频）将IGBT用于合成正弦波交流（DC）输出（直流电压）输出。交流是可变电压和可变频率（VVVF,电压）

丁DCinputsupplyisdrawnfromtheoverheadline.直流输入电源是从架空线路引出的。丁ThePECiscriticaltothepropulsionsystem.PEC对推进系统至关重要。丁Thetractionconverterisdesignedasavoltagesourcelinkconverteroperatedundermicroprocessor-basedclosed-loopcontrol（微处理器闭环控制）,producingaVVVFoutput.牵引变流器被设计成一种电压源-链式转换器，它在基于微处理器的闭环控制下运行产生一个VVVF输出。丁Usedtodrivethetractionmotorwhichareconnectedinparallel.用于驱动并联的牵引电机。丁Performsrheostatbrakingorregenerativebraking,dependingonthelinevoltage.根据线路电压执行变阻器制动或再生制动。丁Contains6IGBTsforthemotorinverter,2IGBTsforthebrakechopper.包含电机逆变器的6个IGBT，2个用于制动斩波器的IGBT。丁Whenbraking,tractionmotorworksasgenerator,theconverted3-PhaseACisgeneratedintoDCpower.在制动时，牵引电机作为发电机，转换后的三相交流产生直流功率。丁TheDCPowerisfedback（回输）tooverheadlinesystemforotherusers,orsuppliedtootheronboardpowerconsumingdevices（lights,airconditioningequipmentandauxiliaryequipment）.Thepowerthatisnotfedbackistransformedintoheatbythebrakingresistors（制动电阻）controlledbybrakingchoppermodule（制动斩波模块）.将直流电源反馈给其他用户的架空线路系统，或提供给其他车载电源设备（灯、空调设备和辅助设备）。不反馈的功率由制动斩波模块控制的制动电阻器（热电阻）转换成热量。丁Thebrakingresistorsarecontrolledbybrakingchoppermodules制动斩波器模块）.制动电阻由制动斩波模块控制。丁PCEoperatestherheostaticchoppermodules（可变电阻斩波模块）whentheoverheadlineisnotreceptiveandthusgenerativebrakingisnotpossible.PCE在架空线路不可接受时运行变阻器斩波模块（VIEW），因此不可能发生发电制动。丁PCEalsooperatesthechopperwhenthefiltervoltageexceedsasetthreshold,protectingthepropulsionequipmentfromsmalltransientover-voltage.当滤波器电压超过设定的阈值时，PCE还操作斩波器，保护推进设备免受小的瞬态过电压。丁Eachpowermodulecontainsaheatsink（散热器）onwhicharemountedtheIGBTs,heatsinksarecooledbyseparatelymountedthreephasefan.每一个功率模块包括一个安装在IGBT上的散热器（散热器），散热器由单独安装的三相风扇冷却。•TractionControlUnit（牵U）控制单元Handlesthecompleteclosed-looptractioncontrolandmonitorstheactualstatusesofcurrent,voltageandtemperature.处理完整的闭环牵引控制，并监测电流、电压和温度的实际状态。Consistsofmicro-processortechnologyandapowerfulcentralcomputerusedforhigh-levelfunction.由微处理器技术和强大的中央计算机组成，用于高级功能。Time-criticalfunctionarehandledbyanautonomoussignalprocessorsystem,asslavetocentralcomputer.时间关键函数由一个自治的信号处理器系统作为中央计算机的从属设备来处理。PCEprovidesinformationviatheTrainInformationandManagementSystem（TIMS,列车信息管理系统）PCE通过列车信息和管理系统提供信息（TIMS,Stand）Thetrainoperationmanagementsendthedrivingmodes,therunningdirection,traction,brakingandstoppingorders.列车运行管理人员发送行车方式、行车方向、牵引、制动、停车等命令。IthasinterfacewiththeFrictionBraking（FB,摩擦制动）toprovidethemaximumefficiencyinbraking.它具有与摩擦制动（FB,StandTimes）的接口，以提供最大的制动效率。Highvoltage--monitoringpowersupply高压——监控电源Lowvoltage-controlandmonitoring低压控制与监测Intermediatevoltage（中间电压）-forcedcooling.中间电压（强制放电）-强制冷却。丁Itcarriesoutselftestsandinitializes（初始化）thesystemvariables（变量）andconstants（常量）.它执行自测试，并初始化（变量）系统变量（PUT）和常量（STEPTION）。丁PCEentersoperationalmodeafterselftestsarepasseduntil（powereddown,aseriousfaultoccursortheuserdemandsatestmodeviatheTIMS（列车信息管理系统）orthemaintenancePC）.PCE进入自测试后进入运行模式（断电、严重故障或用户要求通过TIMS（SturvivEngEI）或维护PC）进行测试模式。丁ThePECcontrolthepowertothepropulsioninverterviatheCapacitorChargingContactor（电容器充电接触器）andthelinecontactor（线路接触器）.PEC通过电容器充电接触器（PosialStand）和线路接触器来控制推进逆变器的功率。丁TheCCCisasinglepoleelectromagneticcontactor（单极电磁接触器）whichhasauxiliarycontactor（辅助触头）.CCC是一种具有辅助接触器的单极式电磁接触器。丁TheseauxiliarycontactorsprovidesignalstoPCEregardingthestatusofthecontactor'smaincontacts.这些辅助接触器向PCE提供关于接触器主触点状态的信号。Protectivefunctions:保护功能：丁Voltagemonitoring:protectthetractionvoltageagainstover-voltagesintheDClinkvoltage.电压监测：保护牵引电压不受直流环节电压过电压的影响。丁Currentmonitoring:implementsathree-stageover-currentprotection（三级过流保护）.电流监测：实现三级过流保护（三相电流保护）。丁Temperaturemonitoring:comparesthetemperaturevaluemeasuredbytemperaturesensorswiththestoredlimitvalues,initiatescorrespondingresponseswhenexceeded.温度监测：将温度传感器测量的温度值与所存储的极限值进行比较，在超过时启动相应的响应。丁Monitoringoftheequipmentfaninthetractioncontainer.对牵引集装箱内的设备风扇进行监测。TractionMotor牵引电动机丁Three-phasetractionmotoremploysaframelessdesign,transverselyinstalledinthevehicle.三相牵引电机采用无框架设计，横向安装在车辆上。丁Squirrelcagetypeasynchronousmotor（鼠笼式异步）.鼠笼式异步电动机。丁Tractivemode:electricalpowerintomechanicalpower牵引方式：电能为机械能Brakingmode:mechanicalpowerintoelectricalpower制动方式：将机械功率转换成电能丁Mountedinthebogiebymeansofelasticsuspension.用弹性悬挂装置安装在转向架上。丁Itisopenandself-ventilated,coolingairisgeneratedbyafanmountedonthemotor.它是开放的和自通风的，冷却空气是由安装在马达上的风扇产生的。丁Speedprobe（anactiveHall-effectmagneticdevice,霍尔磁器件）fittedtothenon-driveendofthemotor,monitorsthespeedofthemotor.速度探头（主动霍尔效应磁装置，安装在电机的非驱动端），监测电机的转速。丁ThePECusestheoutputsignalsfromthespeedprobeforinvertercontrolandtodetectwheel-slipandwheel-slide.PEC利用速度探头的输出信号进行逆变器控制，检测车轮打滑和车轮滑行。丁Thepeedprobearehermeticallysealed（密封）forprotectionagainstdirtandmoistureingress（防潮防尘）.用探针密封，防止灰尘和湿气侵入。GearboxandCoupling齿轮箱与联轴器丁Thegearreducethespeedofthemotorshaft（电机轴）toalowerspeedforthewheelaxles（轮轴）.齿轮将电机轴的转速（转速）降低到轮轴的转速（额定值）。丁Thereactionforcesarefedintothebogieframebymeansofagearsupport.将反作用力通过齿轮支撑送入转向架框架。丁Thedrivespeedsensorismountedonthegearboxnearthepinion（小齿轮）.Itdetectstheteethofasensorwheel（传感器轮缘的齿）mountedonthepinionshaft（小齿轮轮轴）.驱动速度传感器安装在齿轮箱附近的齿轮箱上。它检测安装在小齿轮轴上的传感器轮的齿（StandStand）。丁Thegearcouplingisacurvedtoothcoupling（弧形齿联轴器）arrangedbetweenthetractionmotorandthegearunite.齿轮联轴器是一种布置在牵引电机与齿轮机构之间的曲线齿联轴器。丁Thecouplingcompensates（补偿）therelativemovementsbetweenthemotorandthegearunite.该耦合补偿了电机与齿轮联轴节之间的相对运动。Feedinto:传入，送入Bymeansof:以……方..式Reactionforce:反作用力Gearsupport:齿轮支撑Otherdevices其他设备丁Thebrakeresistor（制动电阻）providesrheostatbraking（变阻器制动）whenoverheadsupplyisnotreceptiveandregenerativebraking.制动电阻（制动电阻）在顶供不接受和再生制动时提供变阻器制动。（NOTE:无法回输至接触网再生制动电流）丁Thebrakeresistorisunder-floormountedexternallytothepropulsioninverter.制动电阻在地板下面安装在推进逆变器上。丁Ithasresistiveelements（电阻元件）madefromnon-magneticnickel/ch