人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册外刊学习（含练习）

选择性必修第一册外刊学习：（含练习）‘Monster’AsianheatwaveandarrivalofElNinosignalseveredroughtcrisis亚洲“怪兽”热浪和厄尔尼诺的到来预示着严重的干旱危机signalv[熟词生义]预示（近indicate）droughtn[课标新增词]旱灾；干旱crisisn[课标新增词]危机Theworldisbeingalertedtothepossibilityofaseveredroughtcrisiscausedbytherecentheatwavethathasgripped(对……产生强有力的影响)muchofAsiaandthearrivalofElNiño,whichcancauseintensedroughtfor2−3years,MinisterofNaturalResourcesandEnvironmentVarawutSilpa-archahaswarned.自然资源和环境部长VarawutSilpa-archa警告说，全世界可能将面临一场严重的干旱危机，这是由近期笼罩亚洲大部分地区的热浪和厄尔尼诺的到来而导致的，它可能会造成2−3年的严重干旱。intenseadj[课标新增词][学术词]强烈的；严重的（近extreme）Thailandissusceptible(易受影响的)totheeffectsofElNiño,whichisforecastbytheDepartmentofMeteorologyandweatherexpertstocommence(开始发生)inJune.Theworld,Thailandincluded,isexpectedtofaceanintensedroughtduetotheoccurrenceofElNiño,leadingtoreducedrainfallduringtherainyseason,orpossiblynorainatall.泰国很容易受到厄尔尼诺现象的影响。气象局和气象专家预测厄尔尼诺现象将在6月份开始。届时全世界，包括泰国在内，都将会面临严重的干旱，雨季降雨量减少，甚至可能根本没有雨。duetoprep[课标新增词]由于；因为occurrence/əˈkɜːrəns/n[正式用语][学术词]发生；出现ElNiñoisthewarmphaseofacyclical(周期的)climatepatternknownastheElNiño-SouthernOscillation,whentemperaturesinthePacificreachmorethan0.5degreesCelsiusabovenormal.厄尔尼诺现象是被称为厄尔尼诺南方涛动的周期性气候模式的温暖阶段，即太平洋的海面温度比正常温度高出0.5摄氏度以上。phasen[课标新增词][学术词]阶段；时期abovenormal通常标准之上Inadditiontotheongoingdrought,whichispredictedtolastfor2−3years,Thailandisalsofacinganotherunprecedented(前所未有的)phenomenon,theso-called“MonsterAsianheatwave”.Thisextremeheatwaveisconsideredanothersignoftheescalating(逐步升级的)globalwarmingissuethathumanitymustaddress.除了正在发生的干旱（预计将持续2−3年），泰国还面临着另一个前所未有的现象，即所谓的“亚洲怪兽热浪”。这种极端热浪被认为是全球变暖问题升级的另一个标志，人类必须予以解决。inadditionto除……之外signn[课标新增词]标志issuen[课标新增词][学术词]争论的问题addressv[正式用语]设法解决；处理VarawutsaidthatheatwavestendtomostlyhitEurope,buthadyettooccurinAsiauntilnow.Thisyear’sextremeheatunderlinedgrowingglobalwarmingconcernsandhasmadeitevenmoreimportanttorecognisetheneedtoreduceplasticwastesandindustrialairpollutants(污染物).Thereisnoquickfix,however.Becausewehavebeendegradingtheenvironmentformanydecades,itwilltakemanyyearsofintensive(密集的)effortstotackletheglobalwarmingproblem.Varawut说，热浪往往主要侵袭欧洲，但此前还没有在亚洲出现过。今年的极端高温使得全球变暖这一问题受到了越来越多的关注，也让人们更加意识到减少塑料垃圾和工业空气污染物的必要性。然而，这个问题并没有快速的解决之道。因为近几十年来我们一直在使环境退化，所以要想解决这一问题，我们必须付出很多年的不懈努力。tendtodosth易于/往往会做某事mostlyadv[课标新增词]主要地；多半underlinev强调（近highlight）fixn[一词多义]解决方法tacklev[课标新增词]解决TheproblemoftheMonsterAsianHeatwavecanbeputdowntothetransition(过渡)intotheElNiñophase,whichinvolveschangesinthewarm-watercurrentflow.Asglobaltemperaturesrise,temperaturechangeswillbelesspronounced(明显的),leadingtomoreintenseheatwaves.Whereverthetemperaturesrise,severedroughtconditionswilloccur,resultinginevenhighertemperatures,Varawutsaid.亚洲怪兽热浪问题可以归结为全球气候向厄尔尼诺阶段过渡的一个表现，这涉及到暖水洋流的变化。随着全球气温上升，温度变化将不再那么明显，这就导致了更加强劲的热浪。Varawut说，无论哪里的温度上升，都会出现严重的干旱状况，并导致更高的温度。putdownto把……归因于involvev[课标新增词][学术词]涉及currentn[课标新增词][一词多义]水流“Preparingtodealwiththeseveredroughtcrisisforthenext2−3yearsisurgent,”Varawutstressed.Inthepast,Bangkokhasexperiencedfloodingandarisingsealevelduetothemeltingofthepolaricecaps.Ifthesituationworsensbeyondthecurrentlevel,theElNiñoissuewillbecomeevenmoresevereinthenext2−3years.MeasuresshouldbetakennowtocopewithfuturefloodingandprovideadequatesupportfortheElNiñophenomenon,whichwillintensify.Thailandmustbepreparedtotackletheheatwavetrendandseveredroughtrisk.“为应对未来2−3年的严重干旱危机做准备已是迫在眉睫，”Varawut强调。在过去，由于极地冰盖融化，曼谷曾遭遇洪水和海平面上升。如果气候状况在现有基础上继续恶化，那么在未来的2−3年内，厄尔尼诺问题将会变得更加严重。我们现在应该采取措施应对未来的洪水，并为应对势头更强的厄尔尼诺现象提供足够的支持。泰国必须准备好应对热浪趋势和严重的干旱风险。copewith应对（某种情况）intensifyv[学术词]加强；增强（intense+-ify）（近heighten）Solutionstothisproblemincludebuildingmorereservoirs(水库)andexpandingthewaterwaystoaccommodate(容纳)rainfallduringthisrainyseason.Thedryseasonnextyearisexpectedtobemoreseverethanpreviousyears.Althoughthisyear’sdryseasonisaconcern,Varawutadded,therearestilladequatewaterreservesinthedams.However,thesituationisexpectedtoworsennextyearandin2025.Therefore,sufficientwaterstoragefacilitiesandefficientfarmlandirrigationsystemarevitalpreparations.若要解决这个问题，我们需要建造更多的水库，扩充水道来储存这个雨季的降水。预计明年的旱季将比往年更加严重。Varawut补充说，虽然今年的旱季令人堪忧，但水库中仍有充足的水储备。然而，预计明年和2025年的情况会变得更加糟糕。因此，准备充足的储水设施和高效的农田灌溉系统是至关重要的。sufficientadj[课标新增词][学术词]充足的facilitiesn[plurals][课标新增词][学术词]设施；设备efficientadj[课标新增词]高效能的vitaladj至关重要的（近essential）“Natureisenteringtheprocessofpenalising(惩罚)usthroughdroughtsandheatwaves.Besidestherisinglandtemperature,theimpactisalsofeltintherisingseatemperatureanditsmorecomplexenvironmentalsystem.Evenafewdegreesincreaseinseawatertemperaturehasalreadycausedcoralbleaching,”Varawutpointedout.“大自然正在通过干旱和热浪对我们人类进行惩罚。除了陆地温度升高，海洋温度也在持续上升，甚至更为复杂的环境系统也深受其影响。即使海水温度仅上升了几度，就已经造成了珊瑚白化。”Varawut指出。impactn[课标新增词][学术词]影响“Whethertheissueofclimatechangewillleadtothecollapseofourworld,ornot,isstillupintheair.Wemaynothavereachedthatstageyetbutifwedonotexpedite(加快)effortstotacklethisissueseriously,wemayfacealossofbiodiversity,”Varawutsaid.“气候变化问题是否会导致我们的世界崩溃，现在还没有定论。我们可能还没有到达那个阶段，但如果我们不加快步伐认真解决这个问题，我们可能会面临生物多样性的丧失。”Varawut说。collapsen[课标新增词][学术词]崩溃；垮掉upintheair悬而未决阅读检测TheworldisbeingalertedtothepossibilityofaseveredroughtcrisiscausedbytherecentheatwavethathasaffectedmuchofAsiaandthearrivalofElNiño,whichcancauseintensedroughtfor2−3years,MinisterofNaturalResourcesandEnvironmentVarawutSilpa-archahaswarned.Thailandissusceptible(易受影响的)totheeffectsofElNiño,whichisforecasttostartinJune.TheworldisexpectedtofaceanintensedroughtduetotheoccurrenceofElNiño,leadingtoreducedrainfallduringtherainyseason,orpossiblynorainatall.Inadditiontotheongoingdrought,Thailandisalsofacinganotherunprecedented(前所未有的)phenomenon,theso-called“MonsterAsianheatwave”.Thisextremeheatwaveunderlinedgrowingglobalwarmingconcernsandhasmadeitevenmoreimportanttorecognisetheneedtoreduceplasticwastesandindustrialairpollutants.Thereisnoquickfix,however.Becausewehavebeenworseningtheenvironmentformanydecades,itwilltakemanyyearsofintensiveeffortstotackletheglobalwarmingproblem.“Preparingtodealwiththeseveredroughtcrisisforthenext2−3yearsisurgent,”Varawutstressed.Inthepast,Bangkokhasexperiencedfloodingandarisingsealevelduetothemeltingofthepolaricecaps.Ifthesituationworsensbeyondthecurrentlevel,theElNiñoissuewillbecomeevenmoresevereinthenext2−3years.Solutionstothisproblemincludebuildingmorereservoirs(水库)andexpandingthewaterwaystoaccommodaterainfallduringthisrainyseason.Althoughthisyear’sdryseasonisaconcern,therearestilladequatewaterreservesinthedams.However,thesituationisexpectedtoworsennextyearandin2025.Therefore,sufficientwaterstoragefacilitiesandefficientfarmlandirrigationsystemarevitalpreparations.“Whethertheissueofclimatechangewillleadtothecollapseofourworld,ornot,isstillupintheair.Wemaynothavereachedthatstageyetbutifwedonotspeedupeffortstotacklethisissueseriously,wemayfacealossofbiodiversit