考研翻译专业知识讲座

TranslationRobinYu1/34考试要求?

SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentraslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)2/34(10points)10分,不要了?1.考研英语分值分数低,1分值钱;10分你都敢放弃?2.平均分3-4分.听完这10小时课,再练习几十个真题句子,能够拿6-8分,提升这3-4分,你不要?3/343.主观题OR客观题?大部分考生考场上时间不够,时间不够时,客观题乱勾有也许碰对,翻译也许吗?

做题次序?

个人提议:阅读-作文-翻译-完型4.促进阅读分值最多是阅读,阅读里句子有难有易;而翻译里句子全是长难句,从不考简单句,翻译里句子你看懂了,能看不懂阅读中句子?SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartC4/34“ReadthefollowingtextcarefullythentraslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.“Readthetext?

NO,时间不够考试时间?20-25mins4-5mins/题5/34“YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.”考生注意事项3.答案必须按要求涂写或填写在指定答题卡上.(2)阅读理解C(英译汉)答案和作文必须用蓝(黑)色笔迹钢笔,圆珠笔或签字笔写在答题卡2上.笔迹要清楚.6/34考研翻译是什么?2023.46.Scientistsjumpedtotherescuewithsomedistinctlyshakyevidencetotheeffectthatinsectswouldeatusupifbirdsfailedtocontrolthem.rescue营救,拯救distinctly显著地shaky摇晃totheeffectthat大意是,意思是insects昆虫7/34Scientistsjumpedtotherescuewithsomedistinctlyshakyevidencetotheeffectthatinsectswouldeatusupifbirdsfailedtocontrolthem.1.科学家跳到了营救,带着某些显著摇晃证据,大意是说:昆虫将吃光我们,假如鸟失败控制它们.1)“带着…证据”显然不符合汉语习惯,→”用(使用)…证据2)if引导条件状语从句,“昆虫将…,假如…”→”假如…昆虫将…”3)“失败…”→”不能(做)…”2.科学家跳到了营救,他们使用某些显著摇晃证据,大意是说:假如鸟不能控制昆虫,昆虫将吃光我们.8/34科学家跳到了营救,他们使用某些显著摇晃证据,大意是说:假如鸟不能控制昆虫,昆虫将吃光我们.“跳到了营救”显然不符合汉语体现“摇晃证据”亦不属于汉字表述.科学家们迅速赶来挽救这种局面,他们使用证据显著站不住脚,大意是:假如鸟不能控制虫子,虫子就会把一切吃完.

(参照译文)可接收译法不可接收译法jumptotherescue迅速来救援(营救)跳起来营救shaky不可靠,站不住脚摇动,颤动9/34考研翻译就是”自己理解和使人理解”自己理解?

看懂了,就理解了;使人理解?

则取决于你体现

考研翻译是什么?考研翻译=理解+体现

1.理解:难!2.体现:也不易,哎~10/34理解与体现哪个更主要?2023.46.Allen’scontributionwastotakeanassumptionweallshare--thatbecausewearenotrobotswethereforecontrolourthoughts--andrevealitserroneousnature.contribution奉献(contributev.)assumption假设(assumev.)reveal揭示,显示therefore因此erroneous错误(errorn.)

11/34Allen’scontributionwastotakeanassumptionweallshare--thatbecausewearenotrobotswethereforecontrolourthoughts--andrevealitserroneousnature.1)艾伦奉献是拿了一种假设我们都分享—那个由于我们不是机器人我们因此控制我们思想—并且揭示它错误自然.weareshare是一种省略了引导词that定语从句,它修饰先行词assumption;“一种假设我们都分享”→“一种我们都分享假设”;thatbecausewe…thoughts是that引导同位语从句,修饰前面assumption.因此不需要翻译that.

”那个由于”→”由于”“我们因此控制”→”因此我们(能够)控制”12/34Allen’scontributionwastotakeanassumptionweallshare--thatbecausewearenotrobotswethereforecontrolourthoughts--andrevealitserroneousnature.2)艾伦奉献是拿了一种我们都分享假设—由于我们不是机器人因此我们能够控制我们思想—并且揭示它错误自然.1)“我们都分享假设”显然不符合汉语习惯,→”我们都以为(认同)假设”或者”我们都以为…”2)“揭示自然”→“揭示本质”3)“拿了假设”→”提出了假设”13/34Allen’scontributionwastotakeanassumptionweallshare--thatbecausewearenotrobotswethereforecontrolourthoughts--andrevealitserroneousnature.3)艾伦奉献是提出了一种我们都认同假设—由于我们不是机器人因此我们能够控制我们思想—并且揭示它错误本质.(正确)我们都不是机器人,因此能够控制自己思想.艾伦奉献就在于他去研究了这一构想,并揭示了其错误本质.(参照译文)

14/34可接收译法不可接收译法takeanassumption提出一种假设带着一种假定share认同分享erroneousnature错误本质错综复杂大自然15/34评分参照II.阅读理解C节:5小题,每小题2分,共10分.●假如句子译文显著扭曲原文意思,该句得分最多不超出0.5分.(理解错误)理解正确,体现严重不符合汉语体现,酌情扣分(一般扣0.5)→理解更主要●假如考生就一种题目提供了两个或两个以上译法,若均正确,得分;假如其中一种译法有错,按错误译法评分.●汉字错别字不个别扣分,按整篇合计扣分.在不影响意思前提下,满三个错别字扣0.5分,无0.25扣分.16/34如何理解考研翻译中长难句?

句子组成:词汇+句法

考研翻译解题关键策略:拆分

什么是拆分?长难句拆成短句,化繁为简怎么拆?划竖线

究竟怎么划?

由于考研翻译长难句基本都是复合句

步骤1:拆开“主句&从句”17/34复合句?主句?从句?简单句:最小句子单位,只有1个主语+1个谓语;Davidfelloffhisbike.

Davidfellheavilyandhebrokehisleg.

并列句:并列句中,各小句同等主要,并独立存在.

复合句:2个或2个以上句子合在一起;但这几个句子并非同等主要,其中总有1个能够独立存在小句(主句),和1个或1个以上不能独立成句从属小句(从句);Insectswouldeatusupifbirdsfailedtocontrolthem.

Allen’scontributionwastotakeanassumption(that)weallshare.18/34Scientistsjumpedtotherescuewithsomedistinctlyshakyevidencetotheeffectthatinsectswouldeatusupifbirdsfailedtocontrolthem.Scientistsjumpedtotherescuewithsomedistinctlyshakyevidence.是主句;insectswouldeatusupifbirdsfailedtocontrolthem是totheeffectthat所带同位语从句,解释说明effect.拆开了主句&从句,虽然它们本身都是简单句,Scientistsjumpedtotherescuewithsomedistinctlyshakyevidence.19/34假如主句/从句还是太复杂,怎么办?步骤2:拆开“主干&修饰”主句:主干&修饰从句:主干&修饰什么是句子主干?主谓宾什么是句子修饰?定状20/34句子主干主语?

Insectswouldeatusupifbirdsfailedtocontrolthem.谓语?Insectswouldeatusupifbirdsfailedtocontrolthem.宾语?Insectswouldeatusupifbirdsfailedtocontrolthem.21/34ThatCantonesefoodistastyiswell-known.ThatCantonesefoodistastyiswell-known.Itiswell-knownthatCantonesefoodistasty.

Isuppose(that)sheisaopenandpragmaticgirl.

Isuppose(that)sheisaopenandpragmaticgirl.

22/34ThereputationthatWuyangissluttishiswell-deserved.ThereputationthatWuyangissluttishiswell-deserved.无论主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,还是同位语从句,由于它们在整个复合句中句子成份与名词句子成份是同样,因此它们都是名词性从句.(19/25)

23/34句子修饰定语?Everycoinhastwosides.

状语?Heretiredlastmonthbecauseofillness.Scientistsjumpedtotherescuewithsomedistinctlyshakyevidence.Scientistsjumpedtotherescuewithsomedistinctlyshakyevidence.24/34Thefactorsaccountingforthisphenomeonarevaried.Thefactorsthataccountforthisphenomenonarevaried.能起形容词作用(充当定语)从句叫做定语从句.Thefactorsaccountingforthisphenomeonarevaried.Thefactorsthat/whichaccountforthisphenomenonarevaried.Themilkwassoexpensivethatmostfamiliescouldnotaffordit能起副词作用(充当状语)从句叫状语从句.Themilkwassoexpensivethatmost

familiescouldnotaffordit.25/342023.46.Itmaybesaidthatthemeasureoftheworthofanysocialinstitutionisitseffectinenlargingandimprovingexperience,butitseffectisnotapartofitsoriginalmotive.institution机构,制度enlarge扩大original起初,原始motive动机,目标26/341)Itmaybesaid/thatthemeasureoftheworthofanysocialinstitutionisitseffectinenlargingandimprovingexperience,/

butitseffectisnotapartofitsoriginalmotive.整个复合句由2个句子组成,第1个句子主语:it;It是形式主语,that引导主语从句才是整个句子真正主语;but连接第2个句子中,thiseffect是主语,isnot是谓语,apartofitsoriginalmotive是宾语.27/34(从句还是太复杂,拆开“主干&修饰”)1)Itmaybesaid/

thatthemeasureoftheworthofanysocialinstitutionisitseffectinenlargingandimprovingexperience,

/butitseffectisnotapartofitsoriginalmotive.that引导主语从句中,themeasureoftheworthofanysocialinstitution是主语;is是谓语;theeffect是宾语;inenlargingandimprovingexperience修饰effect,是定语.

2)Itmaybesaid/

thatthemeasureoftheworthofanysocialinstitution

/isitseffect/inenlargingandimprovingexperience,/butitseffectisnotapartofitsoriginalmotive.28/34可接收译法不可接收译法Itmaybesaid能够(这样)说,我们能够说,也许有人说它也许被这样说measure衡量/判断/估计标准方式,措施,程度,标准,测量originalmotive最初动机/目标/初衷最初原因;原始动力29/34拆分长句,除了有助理解&体现,还能够有助?得分.Itmaybesaid/thatthemeasureoftheworthofanysocialinstitution/isitseffect/inenlargingandimprovingexperience,/butitseffectisnotapartofitsoriginalmotive.Itmaybesaid

//thatthemeasureofthe

①

0.5分

②0.5分

worthofanysocialinstitution

//isitseffectin

③0.5分

enlargingandimprovingexperience,//butitseffectis④0.5分

notapartofitsoriginalmotive.拆分点和评分点基本或完全重合!30/342023.46.Hebelievesthatthisverydifficultymayhavehadthecompensatingadvantageofforcinghimtothinklongandintentlyabouteverysentence,andthusenablinghimtodetecterrorsinreasoningandinhisownobservations.compensating赔偿intently用心地thus因此reasoning推理observations观测31/34Hebelieves/thatthisverydifficultymayhavehadthecompensatingadvantage/offorcinghimtothinklongandintentlyabouteverysentence/,andthusenablinghimtodetecterrors/inreasoningandinhisownobservations.Hebelievesthat是主句,that背面接宾语从句;that宾语从句中,主语是thisverydifficulty,谓语是mayhavehad,宾语是thecompensatingadvantage;offorcinghimthinklongandintentlyabouteverysentence修饰advantage,是定语;andthusenablinghimtodetect