首都经济贸易大学外国语学院《705基础英语》历年考研真题及详解

2013年首都经济贸易大学705基础英语考研真题及详解PartⅠ. GrammarandVocabulary(30points,1foreach)Directions:Therearethirtysentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseoneorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.WriteyouranswersonyourAnswerSheet.1.Thecourse_____twoyears’trainingintosixintensivemonths.A.impressesB.compressesC.depressesD.represses【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：这项课程把两年的训练压缩成6个月的强化课程。compresssth.intosth.将……压缩，精简。impress给……留下深刻的好印象。depress使抑郁；使沮丧；使萧条；使不景气。repress克制；压抑；抑制。2.Thevastmajorityofpeopleinanyculture_____totheestablishedstandardofthatculture.A.conformB.confineC.confrontD.confirm【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：所属某一文化的人们,绝大多数会遵照这一文化标准。conformto/withsth.遵守，遵从，服从（规则、法律等）。confinesb./sth.tosth.限制；限定；使受困于……，若此题表达“绝大多数人会被限制在那个已经建立的文化标准之内”的意思，则需要使用被动，beconfinedto。confront面对；对抗；处理。confirm证实，证明，确认。3.Idon’tfeelI’machievingmyfull_____inmypresentjob.A.abilityB.potentialC.capacityD.capability【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：我觉得我没有在目前的这份工作中充分发挥潜能。potential潜力；潜质，才能。ability本领；才智。capacity主要用于形容“容量”，指人或物的容纳或吸收能力。而capability与ability相似，主要用于形容人的“能力”。此题主要抢到潜能，还没有发挥出来的，等待发掘的潜在能力。故B更符合题意。4.Tomygreatsurprise,mydaughterisshowinga(n)_____formath.A.latitudeB.altitudeC.attitudeD.aptitude【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：让我吃惊的是，我的女儿表现出了数学天赋。aptitude天赋；天资；天生的才能。latitude纬度。altitude海拔。attitude态度。5.Itwastheteam’sfourth_____victoryandtheirfifthvictoryinsixmatches.A.successfulB.succeedingC.preciselyD.instantly【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：这是这个队伍的第4场连胜，也是他们在6场比赛中的第5次胜利。succeeding随后的；以后的，此处与victory连用表示连胜。successful与victory语义重复。precisely正好；恰恰；准确地说。instantly立即；立刻；马上。6.Thepresidentannouncedthatallofusmustarriveatthecompanyat_____8:00tomorrowmorning.A.immediatelyB.constantlyC.preciselyD.instantly【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：总经理宣布所有人明天早晨8点准时到公司。precisely正好；恰恰；准确地，此处强调准时性。immediately立刻；直接地；立即地。constantly经常地；不变地。instantly立即；立刻；马上。7.Itnever_____methatIcouldpassthefinalexam,forIhadmissedmanylessonsbecauseofmyillness.A.occurredtoB.hituponC.cameacrossD.happenedto【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：我从没想到我能通过期末考试，因为我之前生病落下了很多课。Itoccurstosb.that想到……。hitupon碰巧发现；忽然想出。comeacross遇见；碰撞；正好遇见。happento恰巧；恰好。8.Iintendtobuyaflatmodern,comfortableand_____inaquietlocation.A.allinallB.inallC.aboveallD.afterall【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：我想买一栋公寓，现代，舒适，最重要的是环境安静。aboveall最重要的是。allinall总的说来；总而言之。inall总共；一共。afterall毕竟；终究。9.Scientistshopethatdatafromtheprobewillpavethe_____foramoredetailedexplorationofMars.A.routeB.laneC.pathD.way【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：科学家们希望来自火星探测仪的数据可以为未来进一步探索火星做准备。pavethewayfor固定用法，为……创造条件；为……做好准备。route路线，途径。lane小巷，甬道。path道路，小路。10.Thequestionis_____intopractice.A.howwecanputtheplanB.howcanweputtheplanC.whatshallweputtheplanD.thatweputtheplan【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：问题在于我们怎样把计划付诸实践。结合句意选择how“怎样”而不是what“什么”。从句中采用陈述语序。故选A。11.NewYorkisfamousforitsskyscrapers,_____hadmorethan100stories.A.thehighestB.thehighestofthatC.thehighestofwhichD.thehighestofthem【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：纽约以它的摩天大楼著称，最高的超过了一百层。考查定语从句，句中是逗号，故而后面要用定语从句的形式，众多摩天大楼中最高的一个，使用ofwhich。12.Thedisputeovertheborderisreachedapoint_____bothcountrieshadtoresorttoarms.A.towhichB.onwhichC.thatD.where【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：边境纠纷已经演变到两国都要诉诸武力的程度。考查定语从句，point作为先行词，还原到从句中应为atthispoint，故使用where做关系副词。13.We’llvisitEuropenextyear_____wehaveenoughmoney.A.lestB.untilC.unlessD.provided【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：如果我们有足够的钱，明年我们会到欧洲旅游。provided(that)…如果；假如；在……条件下。lest免得；以免。until直到，如使用until则前面不该规定具体时间。unless除非，如使用unless则主句应该为否定句。14.Itwaswhathemeantratherthanwhathesaid_____annoyedme.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.as【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他的言外之意。考查强调句，itis…that…被强调部分为“whathemeantratherthanwhathesaid”。15.Wethought_____.A.wrongnottotellhimitB.itnottotellhimwrongC.itwrongtonottellhimD.itwrongnottotellhim【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：我们认为不告诉他是不对的。复合宾语（即宾语+宾语补足语）中，如果宾语是不定式短语，则必须将形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上，而将不定式短语（真正的宾语）放在宾语补足语之前。不定式的否定式not放在to之前。16.Don’tmentionmynameoryou_____meintotrouble.A.havegotB.aregettingC.willgetD.get【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：别提我的名字，免得给我惹麻烦。祈使句+and/or+陈述句，or或and后的陈述句要用一般将来时，因为从意义上看，它表示的是将来意义。17._____youwerecomingtoday,I’dhavemetyouattheairport.A.HaveIknownB.HadIknownC.IhaveknownD.Ihadknown【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：如果我知道今天你来，我就会去机场接你了。考虚拟条件句的省略倒装句，正常的表达是“ifIhadknownyouwerecomingtoday,I’dhavemetyouattheairport.”。在虚拟语气里面，如果有if就用正常的语序；若省略if，则需要把had，were，should提前。18.Itisnecessary_____thedictionaryimmediately.A.thathereturnB.thathewillreturnC.thathereturnedD.thathehastoreturn【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：他必须立刻归还字典。在necessary后面的从句要用虚拟语气，即itisnecessarythatsb.shoulddo的形式，should可以省略。19.Weleftthemeeting,thereobviously_____nopointinstaying.A.wasB.beingC.tobeD.having【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：我们离开了会议，显然没有继续留在那里的理由。句中是逗号，一句话中不能有两个谓语，后一句做状语，表示没有理由留下来这种状态，因此动词要用ing形式。20._____ofthetwowinnersinthegamewasawardedapen.A.EveryoneB.AnyoneC.EveryoneD.having【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：两个获胜者每人获得了一支笔作为奖品。everyone是一个词，只用来指人，等于everybody，在它后面不能跟介词of。everyone是两个词，既可用来指人，也可用来指物，等于eachone，后面可跟介词of。故选A。21._____,Johnhadtostayupforthenighttofinishhispaper.A.HavingnotgivenenoughtimeB.HavingnotbeengivenenoughtimeC.NothavingbeengivenenoughtimeD.Nothavinggivenenoughtime【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：约翰没有被给予足够的时间，所以他不得不熬夜完成论文。havingdone完成式分词做状语，表示分词的动作发生在主句动作之前，变否定在having前加not，因为是被给予时间，所以用被动。22.Weather_____,theJohnsonswillholdanopen-airgardenparty.A.permitsB.permittedC.permittingD.beingpermitted【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：天气允许的话，约翰逊家会举办一个露天花园派对。主句在后面，前面是非谓语动词结构，因为permit的动作施weather主动发出的，因而用permitting的形式。23.Theatmosphereisasmuchapartoftheearthas_____itssoilandthewaterofitslakes,riversandoceans.A.areB.isC.doD.has【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：大气和土壤以及江河湖海里的水一样，都是地球的重要组成部分。Aisas+形容词+asB表示“A和B的程度一样”。即“Theatmosphereisapartoftheearthasmuchasitssoilandthewaterofitslakes,riversandoceansareapartoftheearth.”。为了句子结构的平衡，省略重复的部分apartoftheearth，调整词序，are提前，主语放后面。24.Unfortunately,whenIdroppedin,ProfessorSmith_____,soweonlyhadtimeforafewwords.A.hasjustleftB.hadjustleftC.justleftD.wasjustleaving【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：不太幸运的是，我去拜访教授的时候，他正准备离开，所以我们只说了几句话。发生在过去，教授在过去正准备离开，离开的动作并没有完成，因为我们还说了几句话，所以用进行时态表将来，综合起来用过去进行时。25.—“Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.”—“It_____acomfortablejourney.”A.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：“车里本来就有5个人，但他们还是让我上车了。”“这一定不是一次舒适的旅程。”由were，managed得出旅行已经结束，用过去时，而由前面的信息可知，车里人太多，注定这已经不可能是一场舒适的旅行了，所以用couldn’t表示不可能。have完成式表示已经发生的事。26.Thistaperecorderisfar_____thatonebothinqualityandindesign.A.superiorthanB.superiortoC.moresuperiorthanD.moresuperiorto【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：这个录音机的质量和设计都优于那个。farsuperiorto…远远强于；远远高出。superior与其他少数以ior结尾的形容词，如inferior（次于），junior（年幼的；下级的），senior（年长的，上级的）等本身就有比较的意思，不再使用比较级，后面常与介系词to连用。27.______,itisquiteeasytodrillaholeonitwithalaser.A.HardalthoughthediamondisB.HowhardisthediamondC.HardasthediamondisD.Asthediamondishard【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：尽管钻石很坚硬，用激光却能很轻易地在上面钻孔。开头句是as引导的让步状语从句，要用倒装语序，前面放形容词、副词或名词。再加as，再接句子剩余成分。28.Greatlyagitated,Irushedtotheapartmentandtriedthedoor,_____tofinditlocked.A.onlyB.justC.henceD.thus【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：我感到十分地焦躁不安，冲去公寓敲门，却发现门是锁着的。onlytofind表达“意外地发现什么事情”，通常设想的结果与实际结果不符。29.Rightatthemomentalotofattention_____childrenwholeaveschoolunabletoreadorwrite.A.isgivenB.isbeinggivenC.hasbeengivenD.willbegiven【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：现在大家都很关注那些离开学校不能读写的孩子。rightatthemoment表示现在进行时的时态，giveattention变被动。故选B。30.Hecasuallydidn’tseetheman_____theroom,butheheardthem_____init.A.toenter,laughB.enter,tolaughC.toenter,laughingD.enter,laughing【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：他没留意到有人进房间，但是他听到了他们的笑声传出来。seesb.dosth.看见某人做某事，强调动作全过程。hearsb.doingsth.听见某人正在干某事，强调正在发生。PartⅡ. Cloze(30points,2foreach)Directions:Thereare10questionsinthispartofthetest.Readthepassagethrough.Then,gobackandchooseonesuitablewordphraseA,B,C,orforeachblankinthepassage.WritethecorrespondingofthewordorphraseyouhavechosenonyourAnswerSheet.Researchersproducedevidencetosupportwhatmostofusalreadyknew—thatacupofteaistheanswertoanycrisis.Dr.MalcolmCross,apsychologistatCityUniversityLondon,testedtheanxietylevelsofagroupofpeoplefollowinga31______situationandrevealedthatevenasinglecupofteahasa32______calmingeffect.Histeamgave42volunteersamentalarithmeticexamand33______offeredhalfofthemacupofteaandtheotherhalfaglassofwater.Thewatergroup’sanxietylevelssoared34______25percentcomparedtobeforethetask,35______theteagroupactuallyreportedafourpercentreductioninanxiety—despitethedifficulttest,theyweremorerelaxedthanwhentheystarted.Accordingtoasurveycarriedoutfortheresearch,68percentofBritons36______teainadilemma,makingitthenation’smostcommonresponsetotroubleof37______kind.About60percentsaidthepromiseofcomfortandwarmthwasthemainreasonforputtingthekettleon.“The38______ofmakinganddrinkingtea—particularlyduringtimesofstress—isatthevery39______ofBritishculture,“Crosssaid.Thisstudyshowsthatthesocialpsychological40______ofteaenhancetheeffectsofitschemicalmake-uponourbodiesandbrains.31.A.light-heartedB.seriousC.comfortableD.stressful32.A.significantB.rigorousC.severeD.selective33.A.previouslyB.afterwardsC.residesD.lately34.A.onB.inC.byD.at35.A.whileB.howeverC.meanwhileD.nevertheless36.A.giveupB.owetoC.lookonD.turnto37.A.whicheverB.whateverC.howeverD.whoever38.A.ceremonyB.functionC.ritualD.observance39.A.beginningB.momentC.endD.core40.A.aspectsB.facesC.sitesD.ways【答案与解析】31.D 根据上下文可知，该实验主要测试喝茶前后的压力值anxiety，可知是在面临压力比较答的情况下。因此选stressful更贴切。32.A 根据上文“evenasinglecup”可知，此处应强调即使一杯茶也有显著的缓解压力的效果。前后产生对比，故选significant显著的。33.B 此句描述实验的流程，先测试参与实验者的压力值，然后再进行分组，一组喝茶，一组喝水。表示动作的先后顺序，故选afterwards。previously之前的。lately近来的。34.C 表示百分比的变化幅度用介词by，此处表示喝水那组的压力值比任务开始之前增加了25%。35.A 此处上下句轻微转折，将喝茶组与喝水组的压力值进行对比。while在句中自然衔接表对比，与however相比，程度弱一些。36.D 原文意为“调查显示，68%的英国人在面临困境时，会求助于茶。”turnto求助于。giveup放弃。oweto把……归功于。lookon旁观；面向。37.B 原文意为“不管英国人遇到何种困难，喝茶都是大家最普遍的应对方法。”troubleofwhateverkind可还原为whateverkindoftrouble各种各样的困难。38.D 面临压力和挑战施泡茶喝茶已经是英国人的惯例传统。observance惯例；习惯。ceremony仪式；典礼。function功能。ritual仪规；礼节；（尤指）宗教仪式。39.D 在面临困境的时候喝茶是英国人的惯例，也称为英国文化的核心组成部分。core核心；精髓。40.A 原句意为“研究显示，茶的社会心理方面的特性，有利于提高其在身体和大脑内化学合成的效果”。aspects特性。PartⅢ. ReadingComprehension(30points,3foreach)Directions:Inthissectiontherearetwopassagesfollowedbyquestions,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.WriteyouranswersonyourAnswerSheet.PassageⅠThesubconsciousmindneversleeps;thecreativeprocessneverstops.Ifyou’reawriter,thatmeansyoucan“write”whileyousleep.Thekeytoachievingthisseeminglyunbelievablefeatliesinknowinghowtomakethemostofaverynaturalsleepphenomenon—dreaming.Ifyouplanyourdreamscarefully,theywilldirectyoutothewriter’sthatyouwantforyourself.Let’ssaythemaincharacterinyourstorydoesn’tyetseemlikearealpersontoyou.Planadreamabouther.Toprepareforthedream,writeadescriptioninyournotebookofthecharacter’spersonality,physicaltraits,tastesinmusicandart—whateveruniquecharacteristicsyouintendtogiveher.Asyou’redroppingofftosheep,thinkaboutyourmaincharacterandfiveofherphysicalandpersonalitytraits.Howdoesshelook?Whatcolorarehereyesandhair?Isshetall,chubby,feminine,pretty?Isshewitty,charming,sarcastic,aggressive,bright,sympathetic?Giveyourselfthefollowingsuggestiontentimes:“Inmydream,I’llsee...,themaincharacterinmystow.I’llpictureherface,seeherinaction,andrememberallthedetailsofthedream.”Dropofftosleep.Whenyouwakeupthenextmorning,keepyoureyesclosed.Lettheimagesthatfilledyourmindduringthedreamreturn.Thenwritedowneverythingyoucanremember.Thefirstfewnightsafterpracticingtheexercises,youmayhaveonlyavaguedreamaboutyourcharacter;buteachnightafterthat,thedreamwillbecomemorevivid.Yourdreamscanalsohelpyouwiththeplot.Whenyou’reworkingonastory,yousometimesreachanimpasse—“WhereshouldIgofromhere?”Yourdreamscallprovidesyouwithrealisticoptions,spicysubplots,andbelievablecomplicationsforyourstory.41.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Dreamingisnaturaltoawriter.B.Dreamingmaymakeyoubecomeanyoneyouwant.C.Dreamscanstiryourimaginationasawriter.D.Dreamscanhelpyousolvesomeofyourproblems.42.Whatdoestheauthorsayisthepropertimetowriteyourstory?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Asyouaredroppingoff.D.Whenyouawakeatmidnight.43.To“keepyoureyesclosed”isforthepurposeof_____.A.planningyourdaytimeworkB.workingouttheunfinishedplotC.cleaningyourmindbeforegettingupD.thinkingoverwhathappenedinthedream44.Accordingtotheauthor,ifyoukeepdreaming,yourcharacterinthedreamwouldbecome_____.A.unrealisticB.morespicyC.lessvagueD.lessattractive45.Itcanbeinferredthatawriterwhomakesmostofhisdreamsislikelytobe_____.A.aggressiveB.sarcasticC.sympatheticD.productive【答案与解析】41.C 文章主要谈论的是梦境对作家的作用，重点描写了作家应该怎样制造自己的梦境，并利用梦来写作。所以中心议题就是梦境可以激发作家的想象力，刺激写作。42.C 本题由第二段“Asyou’redroppingofftosheep,thinkaboutyourmaincharacter...”可知，准备故事最好在将要入睡的时候，这样梦境里才会出现自己的故事情节和人物。43.D 定位倒数第三段，由“Lettheimagesthatfilledyourmindduringthedreamreturn.Thenwritedowneverythingyoucanremember.”可知，闭上眼睛是为了回忆梦里的情景，然后尽可能地把能记得住的都写下来。44.C 定位倒数第二段，开始几个晚上做梦可能留下的印象很模糊，而后面就会愈发清晰，“thedreamwillbecomemorevivid”，即lessvague。45.D 综合全文，作者首先强调作家可以利用自己的梦称为自己想成为的人，而最后一段也重申梦不经能够帮助塑造人物，还可以帮助制造各种情节丰富你的写作。所以能够好好利用梦的作家可以又丰富的创作灵感，很可能称为多产作家。productive多产的。aggressive好斗的。sarcastic挖苦的。sympathetic富有同情心的。PassageⅡKalveroObergdescribesfourstagesthatpeoplegothroughwhentheyexperiencesituationsthatareverydifferentfromthosetowhichtheyareaccustomed.Stageoneisahoneymoonphase,duringwhichthenewexperienceisperceivedtobeinteresting,picturesque,andcharming.Youmaynoticeseveralsuperficialdifferencessuchasmusic,food,andclothing,andthefreshappealofthenewexperiencekeepsyoufeelinginterestedandpositive.Whenyoustayinanewenvironmentforawhile,youmovetostagetwo—thecrisisstage—inwhichtheshinewearsoffandday-to-dayrealitiessinkin.Inarelationship,younoticeannoyinghabits;inanewcountry,youfindbarrierstoestablishingconnectionsortolearningthelanguagebeyondafewpolitephrases.Suddenly,yournewmajorincludesaclassoraprofessoryoudislike.Thedifficultiesandunpleasantnessofrealityreplacethecharmingandpicturesque“honeymoon”.However,ifyoustickwiththeexperienceandtrytodealwithitrealistically,youwillprobablymovetothethirdphaseofcultureshock:recovery.Inrecovery,youlearnthesystems,procedures,language,ornonverbalbehavioursofthenewenvironmentsothatyoucancopewithitonthebasisofsomemastery,competence,andcomfort.Forexample,afterabouttwoweeksinLondon,youbegintofeelfamiliarwithtravelingby“tube”,payinginthecorrectcurrency,andusingsomephrasesthatareuniquetoEnglishpeople.YouhavetheadvantageofspeakingthesamebasiclanguageandofsharingagreatdealwiththeEnglishinsomebroad,culturalaspects.Inacountrythatisverydifferentfromyourown,itwouldprobablytakeyoulongertomoveintotherecoveryphase.Finally,thefourth,oradjustment,phaseoccurs,whenyoufeelthatyoufunctionwellandalmostautomaticallyinthenewculture.Younolongerneedtomakementalconversationsofthecountry’smoneyanditisrelativelyeasyforyoutoadjusttosocialcustoms.Agreaterenjoymentofthenewexperienceisnowpossible,andyoumayregainsomeoftheinitialpositiveregardyouhadinthehoneymoonstage.Ifyoustaylongenoughonavisitfromabigcitytoasmalltown,or,theotherwayround,youmaybecomesowelladaptedtothenewenvironmentthatwhenyoureturntoyouroriginalhome.Youwillagainexperiencecultureshock.46.AccordingtoOberg,peoplegothroughfourstageswhen_____.A.theirnewexperienceisinterestingandentertainingB.theyhavetoadapttonewandunfamiliarsituationsC.thecustomsofthenewsituationarenegativeD.theirnewspouseisverydifferentfromtheirperception47.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthecrisisstage?A.ThesunshineWearsonandtherelationshipbreaks.B.Theannoyingrealitiesremovethehappinessofhoneymoonstage.C.Thedifficultsituationsmakethenewcomersgobacktohomecountries.D.It’shardtolearnthelanguageforanewpolitephrase.48.Peoplemaynotmovetothethirdphase,recovery,ifthey_____.A.arenotcapableofchangingtheirunsuitablepersonalitiesB.giveupandcannotviewthesituationfromarealisticviewpointC.cannotgraspthenonverbalbehavioursofthenewenvironmentD.stickwiththeunhappinessanddealwithitrealistically49.Ifapersonreturnstohishomecountryafteralongenoughvisittoahostcountry,hemay_____.A.obtainbetterabilitiestoadapttonewenvironmentB.regainsomeoftheinitialpositiveregardC.nolongerliveinsmalltownsD.gothroughthefourstagesofculturalshockagain50.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatwhenonemovestoanewenvironment,hisadaptationprocessis_____.A.happy,sad,familiar,andenjoyingB.positive,comfortable,happy,andenthusiasticC.happy,upset,unique,andadvocatingD.unhappy,upset,comfortableandpositive【答案与解析】46.B 由第一段“...theyexperiencesituationsthatareverydifferentfromthosetowhichtheyareaccustomed.”可知，Oberg提出的四阶段理论适用于当人们脱离自己熟悉的环境，面临新的，不同的环境会经历的情况下。47.B 第二段讨论危机阶段。“Thedifficultiesandunpleasantnessofrealityreplacethecharmingandpicturesque“honeymoon””，所以在这个阶段，之前的新鲜与美好已经被困难和阻碍替代。这时候在各个方面人们会有更多负面的发现。A、C、D项都是具体的例子，但是扭曲或夸张了文意，与原文不符。48.B 第二段最后一句提到“...ifyoustickwiththeexperienceandtrytodealwithitrealistically,youwillprobablymovetothethirdphaseofcultureshock:recovery.”。即如果坚持下去，直面问题并解决，人们就会过渡到下一个阶段，复原阶段。反之，如果放弃并逃避问题，就无法进入下一阶段。49.D 文章最后一句，“…whenyoureturntoyouroriginalhome.Youwillagainexperiencecultureshock”可知，当在一个新环境里待足够长的时间适应之后再回到原来的环境中，还会遭遇一次冲击。50.C 根据四阶段分别对应每个阶段人们的感受。第一阶段蜜月期，感情是快乐的happy；第二阶段危机期，感受到挫败upset；第三阶段复原期，人们发现并开始适应新环境的新特点unique；第四阶段适应期，彻底适应，如鱼得水，所以是自觉拥护，即advocating。PartⅣ. Translation(30points)SectionADirections:TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese.(15points)Aswithanythingcarriedtoexcess,daydreamingcanbeharmful.Therearealwaysthosewhowouldsubstitutefantasylivesfortherewardsofrealactivity.Butsuchextremesarerelativelyrare,andthereisagrowingbodyofevidencetosupportthefactthatmostpeoplesufferfromalackofdaydreamingratherthananexcessofit.Wearenowbeginningtolearnhowvaluableitreallyisandthatwhenindividualsarecompletelypreventedfromdaydreaming,theiremotionalbalancecanbedisturbed.Notonlyaretheylessabletodealwiththepressuresofday-to-dayexistence,butalsotheirself-controlandself-directionbecomeendangered.【参考译文】任何东西，只要过度，都会有害，做白日梦都也是如此。他们用想入非非的生活来代替从实际活动得到的好处。但这种极端的想法相对来说很罕见，而且越来越多的证据表明现在大多数受白日做梦过少而不是过多之苦。现在我们渐渐认识到做白日梦的重要作用。如果一个人完全不做白日梦的话，他自身感情上的一种平衡状态将会被打破。这样不仅会让他应对日常生活压力的能力减弱，也会危及他的自制力和自我导向能力。SectionBDirections:TranslatethefollowingpassagefromChineseintoEnglish.(15points)名声、财产、知识等等是身外之物，人人都可求而得之，但没有人能够代替你感受人生。你死之后，没有人能够代替你再活一次。如果你真正意识到了这一点，你就会明白，活在世上，最重要的事就是活出你自己的特色和滋味来。你的人生是否有意义，衡量的标准不是外在的成功，而是你对人生意义的独特领悟和坚守，从而使你的自我闪放出个性的光华。(周国平)【参考译文】Fame,wealth,andknowledgearemerelymundanepossessionswhichcouldbeachievedbyanybodystrivingforthem.Butyourexperienceandfeelingsconcerninglifeareyourownandnottobeshared.Noonecanliveyourlifeonceagainafteryourdeath.Afullawarenessofthiswilldawnonyouthatthemostimportantthinginyourlifeisyourdistinctiveindividualityorsomethingtypicalofyourself.Whatmattersisnotyourworldlysuccessbutyourpeculiarinsightintothesignificanceoflifeandyourcommitmenttoit,whichcanpolishyourpersonality.(ZhouGuoping)PartⅤ. Writing(30points)Shouldacitytrytopreserveitsold,historicbuildingsordestroythemandreplacethemwithmodernbuildings?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.Writeanessayofabout300words.Youshouldsupplyanappropriatetitleforyouressay.Inthefirstpartofyouressayyoushouldstateclearlyyourmainargument,andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportyourargumentwithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.【参考范文】TheValueof