首都师范大学外国语学院《241二外英语》历年考研真题及详解

2001年首都师范大学241二外英语考研真题及详解PartⅠCloze(20%)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage,foreachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheONEanswerthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.WhentheMissesNorriscalledonlittleMrs.Fosdyke(1)_____herhouseinParkerStreet,she(2)_____thedoor,dressedforgoingout.Theyapologizedintheirquiet,well-bredwayandsaidtheywould(3)_____again.ButMrs.Fosdykeaskedthem(4)_____thehouse.“Actually,I’vejustcomein.”shesaid.“Aminuteortwoearlierandyou(5)_____meinthestreet.”Itwas(6)_____thattheMissesNorrisrealizedthatMrs.Fosdykewasdressedinblack,thehatboughtfromashopbutthecoatprobably(7)_____onherownmachine.Asifreadingtheir(8)_____,shesaid,“I’vejustbeen(9)_____afuneral.”andtheMissesNorrismurmured“Oh?”fornoonetheyknew(10)_____duringthepastweek.Theysatdown,theelderMissNorrisontheedgeofthearmchair(11)_____thetable,herlegs(12)_____neatlybyherskirt;the(13)_____MissNorrisuprightonachairbythewindow.Mrs.Fosdyketookoffhercoatandbusiedherself(14)_____thekettleandtheteapotatthesink(15)_____thecorner.“You’llhaveacupoftea?”sheasked,(16)_____thespooninherhand.“Well...”theyoungerMissNorrisbeganandhersistersaid,withtheself-confidenceofherextrayears,“It’sverykind(17)_____you.”“Ihatefunerals,”Mrs.Fosdykesaidconversationallyasshe(18)_____boilingwaterintothepot.“Iftheyareforsomebodyyoulike,youhaveaheavy(19)_____;andifit’ssomeoneyoudon’tlike,youhavetoappeartobesorry.”“Wasitarelative?”theyoungerMissNorrisaskedshyly.Mrs.Fosdyke(20)_____herhead.“No,afriend,agoodfriend.”1.A.inB.atC.onD.around2.A.repliedB.respondedC.answeredD.asked3.A.callB.callforC.lookD.lookat4.A.thoughB.fromC.intoD.outof5.A.wouldhavemetB.wouldmeetC.willmeetD.hadmet6.A.thenB.whenC.whichD.during7.A.makesB.madeC.wasmadeD.hadbeenmade8.A.ideasB.mindsC.brainsD.heart9.A.atB.onC.inD.to10.A.wasdyingB.haddiedC.woulddieD.didn’tdie11.A.neartoB.nearlyC.closeD.by12.A.arecoveredB.werecoveredC.coveredD.covering13.A.oldB.littleC.youngD.younger14.A.withB.onC.inD.for15.A.atB.inC.roundD.around16.A.hadheldB.holdsC.heldD.holding17.A.forB.ofC.toD.outof18.A.pouredB.flewC.drankD.heated19.A.emotionB.heartC.mindD.brain20.A.stoppedB.movedC.shookD.nodded【答案与解析】1.B 空格后为地点名词，house前一般用介词at。atone’shouse在某人家中；固定搭配。2.C answerthedoor应门，去开门（迎客）；固定表达。3.A 根据文章第一句出现的callon（访问；拜访）可知此处应该是说会再次拜访，所以也应该用call。4.C asksb.intothehouse叫某人进屋；固定表达，用介词into。5.A 空格上文提到“Fosdyke夫人也是刚到家”，由此可推测出后文她想表达的意思是：我一两分钟前刚到家，本来我们可能会在街上碰见的。wouldhavedone表示“本应该会……但实际上没有”，表示对过去发生事实的虚拟。6.A 空格处为强调句型，意为“那时Norris小姐们才意识到Fosdyke夫人穿着一身黑色的衣服”，强调时间，then表示“那时；当时”。7.B coat与动词make之间存在动宾关系，所以应该用过去分词做后置定语，修饰coat。8.B readone’smind看出某人的心思；固定表达。their表示复数概念，所以mind也要用复数形式。9.D havebeento去了；固定表达。这里的意思是：我刚去参加了一场葬礼。10.B 空格前动词为一般过去时，根据时间状语duringthepastweek可知“有人死亡”这个动词发生得更早，所以应该用过去完成时。11.D bythetable表示“在桌子旁边”。句意：她们坐下来，年长一点的Norris小姐坐在桌子旁边的扶手椅沿上。12.C legs与动词cover存在动宾关系，所以应该用过去分词做后置定语，整个短句用作伴随状语。13.D 上文提到了theelderMissNorris（年长一些的Norris小姐），所以这里应该是介绍年轻一点的Norris小姐坐在哪里，所以应该用younger。14.A busyoneselfwith意为“忙于”；固定搭配。这里指的是Fosdyke夫人忙着沏茶。15.B inthecorner在角落里；固定搭配，用介词in。16.D 主语she与动词hold之间存在主谓关系，所以hold应该用现在分词形式。现在分词短语用作伴随状语修饰主语she。17.B “It’sverykindofyou.”意为“你真是太好了”；固定句型表达。18.A pour灌，注；倒；这里句意是：“我讨厌葬礼”，Fosdyke夫人边说边把烧开的水倒进壶里。19.B heavyheart沉重的心情；忧愁的心；常见搭配。句意：如果那是你们所爱的人的葬礼，那你的心情一定会十分沉重。20.C 空格后的回答是否定的，所以应该是摇头，故答案选shook，为shake的过去式。PartⅡReadingComprehension(20%)Directions:Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestions.ForeachquestiontherearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushouldchoosetheONEbestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Questions21-25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Areyouawarethatyouactuallypossesssixsenses?Thesixthisamuscularsenseresponsiblefordirectingyourmusclesintelligently—totheexactextentnecessaryforeachactionyouperform.Forexample,whenyoureachforanobject,thesensorynerveslinkingthemusclestothebrainstopyourhandatthecorrectspot.Thisautomaticperceptionofthepositionofyourmusclesinrelationtotheobjectisyourmuscularsenseinaction.Musclesarestringybundlesoffibersvaryingfromonefive-thousandthofaninchtoaboutthreeinches.Theyhavethreeuniquecharacteristics:theycanbecomeshorterandthicker;theycanstretch;andtheycanretracttotheiroriginalpositions.Underahigh-poweredmicroscope,muscletissueisseenaslong,slendercellswithagrainytexturelikewood.Morethanhalfofaperson’sbodyiscomposedofmusclefibers,mostofwhichareinvoluntary—inotherwords,workwithoutconsciousdirection.Thevoluntarymuscles,thosethatwemoveconsciouslytoperformparticularactions,numbermorethanfivehundred.Womenhave60to70percentasmuchmuscleasmenfortheirbodymass.Thatiswhyanaveragewomancan’tliftasmuch,throwasfar,orhitashardasanaverageman.21.Intelligentuseofthemusclesmeansthat_____.A)onealwaysknowswhathismusclesaredoingB)oneperformssimpleactionswithoutworkingC)one’smusclesareusedonlytotheextentnecessaryforeachactiontheyperformD)oneimprovesmuscularactionconsciously22.Musclesareuniquefibersinthattheycan_____.A)contractB)stretchC)retractD)alloftheabove23.Accordingtotheselection,morethanhalfofaperson’sbodyiscomposedof_____.A)voluntarymusclesB)involuntarymusclesC)musclefibersD)sensorynerves24.Anaveragewomanisweakerthananaveragemanbecauseshehas_____.A)morevoluntarymusclesthananaveragemanB)only60to70percentasmuchmuscleforherbodymassC)60to70percentlessmuscleforherbodymassD)lessmusclefiberforherbodyweight25.Impliedbutnotstated:_____.A)Themuscularsenseismoreimportantthananyothersense.B)Muscularsenseinvolvesautomaticperception.C)Therearemanymorethan500involuntarymusclesinthebody.D)Muscletissueisinflexible.【答案与解析】21.C 文章第一段第二句提到“Thesixthisamuscularsenseresponsiblefordirectingyourmusclesintelligently—totheexactextentnecessaryforeachactionyouperform.”，第六种是肌（肉）觉，它是用来直接灵活控制你的肌肉的——控制你每个动作的实际精确的程度。由此可知灵活地控制肌肉指的就是控制每个动作的精确程度。22.D 文章第二段第二句提到“…theycanbecomeshorterandthicker;theycanstretch;andtheycanretracttotheiroriginalpositions.”，由此可知肌肉可以变得更短更厚；可以延伸；还可以缩回到原来的位置。故答案选D，三项全部包括。23.C 文章最后一段第一句提到“Morethanhalfofaperson’sbodyiscomposedofmusclefibers…”，由此可知人体多半是由肌肉纤维组成，故答案选C。24.B 文章最后一段最后两句话的意思是：女性的肌肉量是男性的60%至70%。这就是为什么一般女人不能像男人那样举起那么多的重量，扔得那么远，或者是像普通男人一样的用力。故答案选B。25.B 文章第一段最后一句提到“Thisautomaticperceptionofthepositionofyourmusclesinrelationtotheobjectisyourmuscularsenseinaction.”，这种相对于物体位置的肌肉自动感知就是你的肌觉。由此可推测出选项B“肌觉包括自动感知”的说法是正确的。Questions26-30arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Eachyear,inanever-endingcycleofdeathandregeneration,therainssweepacrosssouthernAsia.BetweenJuneandOctoberstrangeseawindssurgeovertheland,drenchingtheearthwithtorrentialdownpours.Thisisthemonsoon—afamiliarwordoftentakentomeanaviolentwindstorm,butinfactreferringtoatumultuousseasonofrecurringrains.Themonsoonisclosetotheverysoulofthepeopleittouches;itpermeatesthelivesofthepeopleandaffectseverythingtheydo.Indiaisespeciallydominatedbyit.Forthreemonthsbeforethemonsoonrainsarrive,theheatisintense,unbearable:theearthitselfisdead;farmerscannotworkthestone-hardfields;baresubsistenceisdifficult.Withtherains,everythingsuddenlychanges—Indiaburstsintolifeagain;fieldsthatseemedhopelesslybarrenturngreenandgrowwildly.Therichnewseasonisoneofbeauty,buttothepeasantitisabeautyshotthroughwithpossibledisaster.Overflowingwiththegreatrains,theGangesRivermovesrelentlesslytothesea,hidingbeneathitsshiningbutdeceptivecalmthehorroroffieldsandhomesovercomebyflood.Thehorroroffloodandcycloneridesalwayswiththemonsooncloudswhentheycometoredeemtheland.Thepeasantshavenorecoursebutresignationandtheconsolationofprayer.26.Themonsooniscorrectlydescribedasa_____.A)torrentialdownpourB)violentwindstormC)seasonofrecurringrainsD)violentthunderstorm27.Themonsoonissaidtobe“closetotheverysoulofthepeopleittouches”because_____.A)itplaysasignificantroleinAsianreligionsB)itisdestructiveC)thepeopleareresignedtoitD)itaffectsallaspectsoflife28.Thepeasantsconsiderthemonsoonabearerof_____.A)beautyB)fertilityC)dangerD)alloftheabove29.Thepeasantsreactiontothemonsoonis_____.A)resignationB)hopethatthenextyearwillbebetterC)joyD)relief30.Impliedbutnotstated:_____.A)Indiaistheonlycountryaffectedbythemonsoon.B)Thewayoftheweatherseldomaffectspeopleintemperateclimates.C)Afterthefloodssubside,thegreatheatwillbeginagain.D)Themonsooncompletelypermeatesthelivesofthepeople.【答案与解析】26.C 文章第一段最后一句提到“Thisisthemonsoon—afamiliarwordoftentakentomeanaviolentwindstorm,butinfactreferringtoatumultuousseasonofrecurringrains.”，这就是季风——经常被用来指一场猛烈的风暴，但实际上指的是一个动荡的雨季。故答案选C。27.D 文章第二段第一句提到“Themonsoonisclosetotheverysoulofthepeopleittouches;itpermeatesthelivesofthepeopleandaffectseverythingtheydo.”，季风与它所接触的人的灵魂非常接近；它渗透到人们的生活中，影响他们所做的一切。后半句解释了季风为什么和人的灵魂接近，所以答案选D。28.D 文章最后一段第一句提到“Therichnewseasonisoneofbeauty,buttothepeasantitisabeautyshotthroughwithpossibledisaster.”，雨季丰富的新季节是美丽的季节，但对农民来说，这种美丽中也可能蕴含着一场灾难。雨量充足可以确保丰收，但如果降雨量过大的话也会带来涝灾影响粮食收成，故雨季对于农民来说既是美丽丰收的季节也是充满危险的季节。29.A 文章最后一句提到“Thepeasantshavenorecoursebutresignationandtheconsolationofprayer.”，由此可知面对雨季，农民们无计可施只有顺从和虔诚地乞讨，故答案选A，resignation意为“顺从；服从”。30.C 文章第一段第一句提到“Eachyear,inanever-endingcycleofdeathandregeneration,therainssweepacrosssouthernAsia.”，由此可知雨季是不断循环的，雨季结束后又会迎来酷热的天气，周而复始。所以可以推断出选项C“洪水消退后，大热的天气将再次开始”的说法是正确的。Questions31-35arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Theaccuracyofscientificobservationsandcalculationsisalwaysatthemercyofthescientiststimekeepingmethods.Forthisreason,scientistsareinterestedindevicesthatgivepromiseofmoreprecisetimekeeping.Intheirsearchforprecision,scientistshaveturnedtoatomicclocksthatdependonvariousvibratingatomsormoleculestosupplytheir“ticking.”Thisispossiblebecauseeachkindofatomormoleculehasitsowncharacteristicrateofvibration.TheNitrogenatominammonia,forexample,vibratesor“ticks”24billiontimesasecond.Suchatomicclockissoaccuratethatitwillprobablylosenomorethanasecondin3000years.Itwillbeofgreatimportanceinfieldssuchasastronomicalobservationandlongrangenavigation.TheheartofthisAtomichronisacesiumatomthatvibrates9.2billiontimesasecondwhenheatedtothetemperatureofboilingwater.AnatomicclockthatoperateswithanammoniamoleculemaybeusedtochecktheaccuracyofpredictionsbasedonEinstein’srelativitytheories,accordingtowhichaclockinmotionandaclockatrestshouldkeeptimedifferently.Placedinanorbitingsatellitemovingataspeedof18,000milesanhour,theclockcouldbroadcastitstimereadingstoagroundstation,wheretheywouldbecomparedwiththereadingsonsimilarmodel.Whateverdifferencesdevelopwouldbecheckedagainstthedifferencespredicted.31.Theselectionsaysthattheaccuracyofscientificobservationdependson_____.A)methodsofmeasurementB)timekeepingmethodsC)basicassumptionsD)earlierexperiments32.Atomicclocksdifferaccordingto_____.A)functionB)typeofmoleculeoratomusedC)rateofvibrationD)bothBandC33.TheAtomichronwillbeusedin_____.A)makingastronomicalobservationsB)broadcastingC)measuringvibrationratesD)alloftheabove34.Identicalatomicclocksmaybeusedtocheck_____.A)theeffectsofouterspaceonanatomicclockB)theactualspeedofanorbitingsatelliteC)theaccuracyofpredictionsbasedontheoriesofrelativityD)allofEinstein’stheories35.Anappropriatetitleforthisselectionwouldbe_____.A)APeacetimeUseoftheAtomB)AtomsandMoleculesC)TheSatelliteTimekeepersD)TheRoleoftheClock【答案与解析】31.B 文章第一句提到“Theaccuracyofscientificobservationsandcalculationsisalwaysatthemercyofthescientiststimekeepingmethods.”，科学观察和计算的准确性总是受科学家计时方法的支配。由此可知科学观察的准确性取决于科学家的计时方式。32.D 文章第一段第三句指出“Intheirsearchforprecision,scientistshaveturnedtoatomicclocksthatdependonvariousvibratingatomsormoleculestosupplytheir“ticking.”。在寻找精确度的过程中，科学家们已经转向依赖于各种振动原子或分子的原子钟来计时。由此可知原子钟主要的区别在于使用的原子或分子种类不同以及振动频率也不同。33.D 根据文章第二段第二句提到的“Itwillbeofgreatimportanceinfieldssuchasastronomicalobservationandlongrangenavigation.”（它可以用于天文观测和远程导航）以及最后一段第一句“一个原子钟可以用来检测基于爱因斯坦相对论的预测的准确性。根据这个理论，一个运动的时钟和一个静止的时钟应该保持不同的时间”、第二句“在一颗轨道卫星以每小时1.8万英里的速度运行时，时钟可以将时间数据广播到一个地面站，与类似模型的读数相比较”可知原子钟可以用于天文观测、振动频率检测以及数据传播，故答案选D。34.C 文章最后一段第一句提到“AnatomicclockthatoperateswithanammoniamoleculemaybeusedtochecktheaccuracyofpredictionsbasedonEinstein’srelativitytheories…”，用氨分子操作的原子钟可以用来检测基于爱因斯坦相对论的预测的准确性。根据这个理论，一个运动的时钟和一个静止的时钟应该保持不同的时间。所以相同的时钟可以用来检测基于爱因斯坦相对论的预测的准确性，故答案选C。35.A 文章主要介绍了原子钟在科学研究领域的有效应用，由此可知原子不一定是危险物体，它可以帮助科学家进行更加精确的实验，所以选项A“原子在和平时期的应用”最符合文章标题要求，故答案选A。Questions36-40arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Hundredsofspeciesofmarinelifemanagetosurviveeveninthedarkestdepthsoftheocean.Thesetenantsofthedeephaveevolvedsomeextremelyingeniousdevicesforlocatingtheirfoodandenemies.Wherethelightisverydim,someofthesedeepwaterspecieshavedevelopedenormouseyeswithalmosttelescopiclenses,verymuchlikethoseofowls.Others,especiallythefishthatsurvivewherethereisnolightatall,arequiteblindbuthavedevelopedlongfeelersthatenablethemtoidentifyandcollectstraybitsoffoodthatcomewithinaconsiderableradiusofthem.Someinhabitantsofthedeepsupplytheirownlight.Theyhavebuilt-intorchesthattheycanswitchonandoff,dependingonwhethertheyarepursuingorbeingpursued.Somehaveregularlamps,spotsofsteadylight,whichspreadafaintglowthroughthewateraroundthem.Onedeepwatersquidcansquirtaluminousfluidthatlightsupitsimmediatevicinity,aneatvariationontheinkejectedbyitscousinsnearerthesurfacetobecloudanddarkenthewater.Itissupposedthatabouthalfofthevarietiesoffishlivinginthedarkdepthsoftheoceanhavesomepowerofillumination.36.Inordertosurvive,allspeciesofthedeepmustbeableto_____.A)supplytheirownlightB)compensateforthelackoflightC)locatefoodandenemiesD)bothBandC37.Mostofthemarinespecieslivinginthedarkestdepthshave_____.A)learnedtolivewithoutlightB)evolvedingeniousdevicestohelpthemC)foundwaystosupplytheirownlightD)developedextremelysensitiveeyes38.Thefishthathavedevelopedlongfeelersusethemto_____.A)recognizefoodparticlesB)collectfoodC)locatefoodbysenseofsmellD)bothAandB39.Itissupposedthatabouthalfofthevarietiesoffishlivinginthedarkdepthshave______.A)evolvedmorethanonemeansofcreatinglightB)somepowerofilluminationC)developedextremelysensitivefeelersD)almosttelescopiceyes40.Whichofthefollowingisimpliedbutnotstated?A)Wherethereisnolight,thepowerofilluminationisnecessaryforsurvival.B)Foodgettingisadifficultproblemintheoceandepths.C)Whenafishisbeingpursued,itoftenturnsoffitslight.D)Allfishinthedarkestdepthsoftheoceanhavesomedevicetocompensateforlackoflight.【答案与解析】36.D 根据文章第一段第二句提到的“Thesetenantsofthedeephaveevolvedsomeextremelyingeniousdevicesforlocatingtheirfoodandenemies.”，这些深海居民已经进化出一些非常独特的器官以便探测食物和敌人的位置；以及文章第二段提到的“光线暗的情况下，一些深海物种形成了巨大的眼睛以便勘测；完全黑暗的情况下一些海洋生物已经进化出触角来感知食物。所以答案选D，包括B选项“弥补光的不足”和C选项“探测食物和敌人的位置”。37.B 文章第一段第二句提到“Thesetenantsofthedeephaveevolvedsomeextremelyingeniousdevicesforlocatingtheirfoodandenemies.”，这些深海居民已经进化出一些非常独特的器官以便探测食物和敌人的位置。后文也提到一些生物进化出巨大的眼睛和触角来感知食物以及探测敌人的位置，由此可知选项B“它们都进化出一些独特的器官来帮助自己”最能概括信息，故答案选B。38.D 文章第二段第二句提到“…havedevelopedlongfeelersthatenablethemtoidentifyandcollectstraybitsoffoodthatcomewithinaconsiderableradiusofthem.”，由此可知这些生物进化的触角，使它们能够识别并收集在它们一定半径范围内的杂散食物。故选项A和B都正确，答案选D。39.B 文章最后一句提到“Itissupposedthatabouthalfofthevarietiesoffishlivinginthedarkdepthsoftheoceanhavesomepowerofillumination.”，据说，生活在海洋深处的鱼种类有大约一半有一定的光照能力。故答案选B。40.D 文章主要介绍了一些深海动物在没有光照或光照不足的情况下进化出巨大的眼睛或触角来感知食物和敌人，故可以推测出选项D“在海洋最黑暗的深海里，所有的鱼都有一些器官来弥补光的不足”说法是正确的。PartⅢVocabularyandStructure(30%)Directions:Thereare30sentencesinthissection.Beneatheachsentencethereare4wordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.1.It’sapitythatyoudidn’tgotothepartyyesterday.Allthefruitstheretasted_____.A.freshB.freshlyC.freshnessD.freshing【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：很遗憾你昨天没去参加聚会。那所有的水果都尝起来新鲜。taste为感官性动词，后面接形容词做表语，所以答案选fresh，意为“新鲜的”。2.Susanseemsverymaturefora_____.A.fifteen-years-oldgirlB.girlwithfifteenyearsC.girloffifteen-yearageD.fifteen-year-oldgirl【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：对于一个15岁的女孩来说，苏珊看起来有些成熟。fifteen-year-old相当于一个形容词，修饰名词。名词间有连字符所以year不用加s。3.Ipreferreading_____novels.A.MarkTwainandHemingway’sB.MarkTwain’sandHemingway’sC.MarkTwainandHemingwayD.MarkTwains’andHemingways’【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：我喜欢读马克·吐温和海明威的小说。名词所有格’s表示“……的”，这里分别指两个人的小说，所以两个名字后都得加’s。4.Heneverusedtoswiminwinter,_____?A.didheB.didn’theC.usedheD.usedn’the【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：他从来没有在冬天游过泳，对吗？在反义疑问句中，前句含有表示否定意义的词如hardly/never/no/few等，后句要用肯定式。根据前句谓语动词usedto可知句子为一般过去时，所以助动词要用did，故答案选A。5.Davidwasdisappointedtofindoutthattheyhadgonetotheexhibition_____him.A.exceptB.exceptforC.butD.without【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：大卫很失望地发现他们没有带他去看展览。without没有；没带。except除了（不包括在内）；不符合句意要求。exceptfor整体……除了某一点以外。but除……以外；常用于nobody/noone/all/who等词后面。6.Aballetdancercanperformthedifficultstepsofballetonlyaftermanyyearsofstrenuoustraining.A.expensiveB.specializedC.supervisedD.hard【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：经过多年的艰苦训练，芭蕾舞演员才能完成芭蕾舞的艰难动作。strenuous费力的；奋发的；艰苦的。hard努力的；辛苦的。两者意义最接近。expensive昂贵的。specialized专业的；专门的。supervised有监督的。7.Hesaysheisleavingthecountryforgood.A.contentedlyB.permanentlyC.casuallyD.hastily【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：他说他要永远地离开这个国家了。forgood永久地；一劳永逸”。permanently永久地，长期不变地。两者意义最接近。contentedly满足地；安心地。casually随便地；临时地。hastily匆忙地；急速地。8.Tomvolunteeredtoshowthenewstudentsaroundthecampus.A.offeredB.intendedC.refusedD.hesitated【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：汤姆自愿在校园里带新来的学生们参观校园。volunteertodosth.自愿做/志愿做某事。offertodosth.提出要做；主动要做某事。两者意义最接近。intendtodosth.想要做某事。refusetodosth.拒绝做某事。hesitatetodosth.犹豫做某事。9.Thecitizensofthecity,_____wereworkers,welcomedthenewpolicyissuedbythelocalgovernment.A.mostofthemB.mostofwhomC.mostofthoseD.mostofwhich【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：这个城市的居民大部分都是工人，他们对当地政府颁布的新政策表示欢迎。通过句子结构分析可知空格处引导定语从句，修饰citizen（市民），应用关系词who或whom，又因关系词做介词of的宾语，故用whom。10.Nosoonerhadtherobbersdisappearedintoaside-street_____.A.thenthepolicearrivedB.thandidthepolicearriveC.thanthepolicearrivedD.whenthepolicearrived【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：盗贼们刚走警察就到了。nosooner…than一……就……；固定句型。主句用过去完成时且为部分倒装结构；从句用一般过去时，陈述句语序。11.Thisisthewoman_____theartistsaidposedasamodelforthepainting.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whom【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：这就是艺术家说的那个为他的画当模特的那个女人。who引导定语从句修饰现行词woman，且做从句动词pose的主语。theartistsaid可以看作是插入成分，不影响句子结构。12.Recentstudiesofpatientsatsleepclinicshaveshownsignificantfactsaboutthecauseofdifficultyinfallingasleep.A.panoramaB.insomniaC.staminaD.stigma【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：最近对睡眠诊所的病人的研究显示了关于入睡困难的很重要的原因。difficultyinfallingasleep意为“入睡困难”。insomnia失眠症，失眠；也就是指“入睡困难”。两者意义最接近。panorama全景，全貌。stamina毅力；精力。stigma耻辱；污名。13.Intheearlynineteenthcentury,theknowledgeofthephysicsofheatwasrudimentary.A.uninterestingB.necessaryC.undevelopedD.growing【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：在19世纪早期，关于热物理的知识还很初级。rudimentary初步的；未发展的。undeveloped未开发的；不发达的；两者意义最接近。eresting乏味的；令人厌倦的。necessary必要的；必需的。growing发展的；成长的。14._____thelightrain,thebaseballgamewillnotbecancelledunlesstheotherteamconcedes.A.DespiteB.DespiteofC.InspiteD.Despitethat【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：尽管下着小雨，但除非对方答应，否则棒球比赛不会被取消。despite尽管，不管；后面可直接加名词。inspiteof尽管；后面也可直接加名词。despitethat后面接从句。15._____,severalsignificantchangesweremadeintraditionalbusinessprogramsatthisuniversity.A.AfterreviewingthecurriculumB.HavingreviewedthecurriculumC.AfterthecurriculumwasreviewedD.Afterthecurriculum’sreviewing【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：在课程审查后，这所大学的传统商业课程有了一些重大的改变。主句主语为changes，与从句动词review不构成任何逻辑关系，所以从句应该是一个完整的句子。A、B和D项都是现在分词结构，表示和主句主语一致，不符合句子结构要求。16.Hedidhavealotoffactstobackuphisarguments.A.countupB.coverupC.supportD.bring【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：他确实有许多事实来支持他的论点。backup支持，援助。support支持。两者意义最接近。countup共计；把……加起来。coverup掩盖，盖住。bring带来。17.ScientistswhostudytheEarthareaccustomedtoworkingwithmanydifferentscalesoftimeandspace.A.usedtoB.tiredofC.opposedtoD.neededfor【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：研究地球的科学家已经习惯了在不同的时间和空间维度下工作。beaccustomedto习惯于。beusedto习惯于。两者意义最接近。betiredof厌倦。beopposedto反对。beneededfor因……而被需要。18.Radioisotopesareusedtostudytheperformanceofindividualbodyorgans.A.relatingB.positioningC.structuringD.functioning【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：放射性同位素被用来研究人体器官的运作。performance性能；执行；表现。functioning运作；功能；两者意义最接近。relating涉及；关联。positioning定位；配置。structuring结构化。19.Modernboilersarefrequentlyverylarge,andaresometimescapable_____300,000lbsofsteamperhour.A.forgeneratingB.ofgeneratingC.togenerateD.ingenerating【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：现代的锅炉通常非常大，有时能够每小时产生30万磅的蒸汽。becapableofdoingsth.能够做某事；有能力做某事；固定搭配。20.Ifanyonekeepsananimal,_____mustlookafteritproperlysincetheanimalcannotalwayslookafteritselfverywell.A.oneB.youC.heD.we【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：如果有人养了一只动物，他一定要好好照顾它，因为动物不能总是很好地照顾自己。anyone用作主语，若需用代词代替，可用单数he/him/his替代。21.Wemust_____asolidfoundationforthedevelopmentofourheavyindustry.A.lieB.layC.putD.raise【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：我们必须为我们重工业的发展打好坚实的基础。layafoundationfor为……奠定基础；固定搭配。lie躺；说谎；位于。put放置；安置。raise提高；筹集。22.Whowill_____thecostofrepairifthecarisdamaged?A.takeB.toldC.bearD.swallow【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：如果汽车损坏，谁将承担修理费用？bear承担（责任）；负担。bearthecost意为“承担费用；支付费用”；固定搭配。23.Whenhesawadarkfigurebreakingintothehouse,he_____thealarm.A.calledB.calledupC.