2020年全国硕士研究生考研英语一真题及答案详细解析

--#-段的首句Thenumberofwomenhasbeensteadilyincreasingwithoutgovernmentinterference,正确选项[D]theneedlessnessofgovernmentinterventions是又寸i亥句的同义改写，needlessness又寸应without,governmentinterference又寸应governmentinterventions.341答案】[C]theentryofunqualifiedcandidatesintotheboard【解析】事实细节题根据题干关键词Norway、adoptionofanationwidecorporategenderquota回文定位到第八段第二句，该句意为“那就是挪威在全国采取了公司内按性别配额后发生的事情”，根据句子结构that为“发生的事情”，即产生的影响。that为代词指代上句中"lessexperiencedprivatesectorboards"对应选项[C]theentryofunqualifiedcandidatesintotheboard0其中，lessexperienced又寸应unqualified,boards又寸应theboard0故正确答案为[C]theentryofunqualifiedcandidatesintotheboard。351答案】[B]Feasibilityshouldbeaprimeconcerninpolicymaking【解析】推理题。文章最后一段提到，记住此类政策大多是自私自利的，它们使发起者们感觉良好但对普通女性几乎没有什么帮助。可见作者认为此类政策并不具备可行性，故正确答案为[B]Feasibilityshouldbeaprimeconcerninpolicymaking（在制定政策时，可行性应是首要考虑的问题）。Text436【答案】[C]imposealevyontechmultinationals【解析】细节题。根据题干theFrenchSenatehaspassedabillto定位到首段首句。theFrenchSenatepassedadigitalservicestax...根据题干...abillto问到法案的目的，定位到whichwouldimposeanentirelynewtaxonlargemultinationals.又寸应选项Cimposealevyontechmultinationals.故答案为Co371答案】[A]maytriggercountenneasuresagainstFrance【解析】细节推理题。根据题干定位第2段，细节推理，抓住第2段中心句ButithaswhichinturncouldleadtotradesanctionsagainstFrance.即这将导致对法国的贸易的処罚，与A选项中maytriggercountenneasuresagainstFrance.—致。故答案为Aoo381答案】[B]thecurrentinternationaltaxsystemneedsupgrading【解析】细节题。根据题干Thecountriesadoptingtheunilateralmeasuressharetheopinionthat定位到第四段，Theseunilateraldevelopments...buttheyalldesigned...M题干的更直接表述为第2句,inotherwords,theyallshareaviewthattheinternationaltaxsystemhasfailedtokeepupwiththecurrenteconomy,表意为：没有跟上现在经济的步伐，即存在空间去改进，与选项thecurrentinternationaltaxsystemneedsupgrading相吻合。故答案为Bo391答案】[C]isfacedwithuncertainprospects【解析】推理题。根据题干信息应该定位到第五段第一句话，但是第一句话中没有可以直接照应选项的信息。此时应该优先考虑段落主旨。在第二句中看到转折词but，转折后往往是中心之所在，butFrance'sdigitalservicestaxandtheAmericanresponseraisequestionsaboutwhatthefotureholdsfbrtheinternationaltaxsystem,艮卩法国的电子服务税和美国的回应对国际税收体系的未来到底如何提出了疑问，可以看出国际税收体系的未来是不确定的，故答案应该选C.40【答案】[B]Franceleadsthechargeondigitaltax【解析】主旨题。全文主旨题最常见的解题方式是篇首复现。在文章第一段中，反复出现的主题词有France/French,digitalservice和taxes,B选项包含所有的主题词，是正确选项。PartB411答案】[C]Eyecontactcanbeafriendlysocialsignal【解析】本段中最后一句MonicaMoore在一项研究中支持的观点”"Eyecontactandsmile"cansignalavailabilityandconfidence"眼神交流和微笑可以传递出实用性和自信心，首先是实验结论为总结，其次在此表达的就是eyecontact积极的一面，对应C选项Eyecontactcanbeafriendlysocialsignal.421WJ[E]Biologicalfactorsbehindeyecontactarebeinginvestigated【解析】本段一句话中表明thehonnoneoxytocinincreasedtheamountofeyecontact,催产素会增加被试者目光接触触二句也在重复说Thiswasalsofoundinhigh-fiuictioningmenwithsomeautisticspectrumsymptoms这种情况也出现在一些自闭障碍的男性身上，重复的内容都与Biologicalfactors有关。43【答案】[G]Eyecontactcanalsobeaggressive【解析】本段重点在于第二句while这句话，while在此表示“尽管”，因此着重注意逗号后面的内容it'smorelikelytobeassociatedwithdominanceorintimidationinadversarialsituations此句表明eyecontact相关负向情感色彩，且再加上最后一句话说”itmightbehelpfiiltokeepinmindthattryingtomaintaineyecontactmaybackfire"着重注意backfire，因此本题选择G选项Evecontactcanalsobeaggressive。44[答案][A]Eyefixactionsarebrief【解析】本段很明显的每句话在重复时间，atatime,atabouttlireepersecond因此选择与时间有关的表述A选项Eyefixactionsarebriefo45【答案】[D]Personalitycanaffecthowapersonreactstoeyecontact.【解析】本段第一句直接点明中心apersonalitydimensionassociatedwithself-consciousnessandanxiety,eyecontacttriggeredmoreactivityassociatedwithavoidance人格维度与自我意识和焦虑有关，目光接触会引发更多与回避有关的活动，因此选择D选项personalityOPartCTranslationWiththeChurch'steachingsandwaysofthinkingbeingeclipsedbytheRenaissance,gapbetweentheMedievalandmodemperiodshadbeenbridged,leadingtonewandunexploredintellectualterritories.【参考译文】文艺复兴使教会的教义与思维方式黯然失色，弥合了中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟，导致出现了新的从未开发的知识领域。Beforeeachoftheirrevelations,manythinkersatthetimehadsustainedmoreancientwaysofthinking,includingthegeo-centricviewthattheEarthwasatthecentreofouruniverse.【参考译文】在每个这些思想公布之前，当时许多思想家都采用更古老的思维方式，包括地球中心论即认为地球是我们宇宙的中心。DespiteattemptsbytheChurchtosuppressthisnewgenerationoflogiciansandrationalists,moreexplanationsfbrhowtheuniversefonctionedwerebeingmadeataratethatthepeoplecouldnolongerignore.【参考译文】尽管教会曾试图镇压这些新一代的逻辑学家和理性主义者，但是出现了越来越多的关于人们对宇宙运转的方式的解释，并且出现的速度之快让人无法忽视。Asmanytookonedutyoftryingtointegratereasoningandscientificphilosophiesintotheworld,theRenaissancewasoveranditwastimefbranewera-【参考译文】当许多人承担起将推理和科学哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代就结束了，这个时候就进入了一个新时代。50.SuchactionstoseekknowledgeandtounderstandwhatinfonnationwealreadyknewwerecapturedbytheLatinplirase'sapereaude'or'daretoknow5.【参考译文】这种寻求知识和了解我们已经知道的信息的行为在拉丁语中称为“sapereaude即“敢于求知”。SectionIIIWriting51.【参考范文】NoticeInordertocelebratetheChineseNewYear,theStudent5sUnionwillholdaChinesesongcontest.Thedetailsofthiscontestarelistedasfollows.Tobeginwith,thesingingcontestwillbeheldat3:00p.m.nextFridayintheauditoriumofouruniversityanditwilllastfbrtwoandahalfhours.Inaddition,professorsfromthecollegeofmusicinouruniversitywillbethejudges,includingthemostfamousoneMr.DaiYuqiang.Andinthecompetition,youwillalsoenjoysomeprofessors5wonderfolperfonnances.So,itwouldbegreatpityifyoumissedthisopportunity.Lastbutnottheleast,pleasearriveontimeoraheadoftimeifyouaresuretoattendthisactivity.Welcometojoinusandenjoythesingingcontestfbrthenewyear!Students5UnionDecember21st,201952.【参考范文】Emergingfromthecartoonsisathough-provokingscene:intheleftpicture,sittinginfrontofadesk,agirlisabsorbedinherwork,tryingtogetitdoneassoonaspossible.Bycontrast,intherightpicture,aboy,dozingoffinacomfortablesofa,leaveshishomeworkuntouchedsinceheisaccustomedtowaitinguntilthelastminute.Habit,theverythemereflectedinthecartoons,bearsgreatsignificance,whichmaybefortheranalyzed,fromthefollowingaspect.Withthedevelopmentofeconomyandsociety,competitionisbecomingincreasi