四川省凉山州2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试题(含解析)_第1页
四川省凉山州2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试题(含解析)_第2页
四川省凉山州2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试题(含解析)_第3页
四川省凉山州2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试题(含解析)_第4页
四川省凉山州2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试题(含解析)_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩27页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

第第页四川省凉山州2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试题(含解析)四川省凉山州2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试题

学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________

一、阅读理解

Newappsprovidemoresourcesofinformationandbringconvenience.Herearesomeofthenewestfreeapps.Ifyouareinterested,downloadthemtoyoursmartphone!

iEDUItallowsstudentstosearchforiEDUadvisingcenterinformation,whereyoucandiscoverneweducationalinformation,aid,opportunitiesandadvice.IndieShuffleItallowsyoutolookthroughlesser-knownartists’music.Youcansavesongsorartistsyoulikeandfindbandswithsimilarsounds.

BrainPOPItmixeslearningandtechnologyinafunandsimpleway.ItisfreeandteachesyousomethingnewinEnglisheveryday.TodoistItisatimesaver,anapphelpingyoumanageyourtime,addataskandevenassigntaskstootherpeoplewhoneedaquickreminder!

1.WhoaretheintendedusersofiEDU

A.Professors.B.Doctors.C.Drivers.D.Students.

2.WhichappwillyoupreferifyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish

A.iEDU.B.IndieShuffle.C.BrainPOP.D.Todoist.

3.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthistext

A.Inanewspaper.B.Inafashionmagazine.

C.Inamovieposter.D.Inanacademicreport.

WilliamDunnisthefounderofTakeaKidFishing,anonprofitorganizationinLakeland,Florida,whichteachespoorandfatherlesskidsthroughthesportoffishing.

Adozenyearsago,inspiredbyhissix-year-oldfatherlessneighbor,Camran,whogotangryandshoutedathismom,WilliamaskedCamran’smomforpermissiontotakeCamranfishing.Camranwas“hooked”fromthatfirsttrip.Thetwofishedtogetherseveraltimesaweek,andWilliamsawpositivechangesinCamran’sbehavior.“That’swhenIrealizedthatIhadthedutytohelpfatherlesskids,”hesays.

Onweekends,Williamandafewothervolunteerstake20to25kidsoutfishingonarentalboat,whichwassupportedbythecaptainoftheDoubleEagle.Manyhaveneverbeenfishingorevenonaboat,soWilliam—orBigWill,asthekidscallhim—startsbyteachingthebasics.Thencomethelifelessonsthatfishingoffers:patience,teamworkandthesimplejoyofrelaxingintheoutdoors.TakeaKidFishinghastakenmorethan600fishingtripswithalmost2,000kidswhodon’thaveafatherintheirlives.

Hewantstosharehisloveoffishingwithkidswhodon’thaveafathertotakethem.“IjustwanttoshowthemthatIcareaboutthem,thatI’mthereforthem,”hesays.Becausemanykidsgoonmultipletrips,Williamisabletobuildrelationshipswiththem.HeandCamran,now20,stillregularlyfishtogether,andCamranseesBigWillasafatherfigure.

TakeaKidFishinghasahugeimpact,butitstartedbecauseWilliamwantedtohelponekid.DoyouknowachildwhomightbenefitfromyourfriendshipIntroducethemtofishingoranotherhobbyyouenjoy.Youcanmakeagreatdifferencetotheirlife.

4.WhatcontributedtothefoundingofTakeaKidFishing

A.Kids’passionforfishing.B.Teachingpoorkids.

C.Fatherlesskids’misfortune.D.Camran’spositivechange.

5.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph3

A.Manykidsexpectedfishingexperiences.

B.Fewkidsparticipatedinthefishingtrips.

C.Theorganizationtaughtmorethanbasicskills.

D.Thefishingboatwasofferedbyothervolunteers.

6.WhichofthefollowingopinionwillWilliamDunnagreewith

A.Anunhappychildneedsafriend.

B.Companymattersalotinkids’lives.

C.Fatherlesskidsenjoyoutdooractivities.

D.Anexperiencedcaptainshouldcareforkids.

7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext

A.FishingChangesFatherlessKids’Life

B.FriendshipHasaGreatImpactonKids

C.FishingOffersKidstheJoyofRelaxing

D.TheLoveofFishingBondsFamilyTogether

Reachingouttosupportapersonwhenthey’reunderstressisalwaysagoodidea.Infact,anewstudysuggeststhatsupportcouldbeespeciallyimportantforsomeonewhosegeneticqualitymakesthemmorelikelytodevelopdepression.Thestudyshowstheimportanceofsocialsupporttobuffertheriskrofdevelopingdepressionsymptomsingeneral.

Thestudyusesdatafromtwoverydifferentgroupsofpeopleunderstress:newdoctorsinthemostintenseyearoftraining,andolderadultswhosebelovedonesrecentlydied.Thefindingshowsgreatestimpactofsocialsupportinthosewithhighestriskscoresfordepression.

Comparedtoothergroupsofindividualsinthestudywhohadlowdepressionriskscores,thedoctorsandwidowswithhigherriskscoreshadhigherratesofdepressionaftertheylostsocialsupport,butalsohadlowerratesofdepressionwhentheygainedsocialsupportduringstressfultimes.

Sen,whoisthedirectoroftheEisenbergFamilyDepressionCenteraddsthatevenasgeneticresearchrevealsmoreoftheDNAvariation(变异)relatedtodepressionvulnerability,learninghowthatvariationleadstodepressioniscrucial.“Furtherunderstandingthedifferentgeneticmapsassociatedwithsensitivitytolossofsocialsupport,lackofsleep,excessiveworkstressandotherriskfactorscouldhelpusdeveloppersonalizedguidancefordepressionprevention,”hesaid.“Inthemeantime,thesefindingsreaffirmhowimportantsocialconnections,socialsupportandindividualsensitivitytothesocialenvironmentareasfactorsinwell-beingandpreventingdepression.”

Besides,thedatausedinthestudyisbasedonpeopleofEuropeanorigin,whichlimitstheabilitytogeneralizethefindingstopeopleofotherbackgrounds.Sennotedthatadditionalworkisbeingdonetocollectscoresbasedondepression-relatedgeneticcharacteristicsinotherpopulationsincludingpeopleofEastAsianandAfricanblood.

8.Whatdoesthenewstudyfind

A.Depressioncanbepassedonamonggenerations.

B.Oneisgeneticqualityisrelatedtodepression.

C.Socialsupportcanreducegeneticdepressionrisk.

D.Peoplewithoutsupporttend.tofeeldepressed.

9.Howdotheresearcherscarryoutthestudy

A.Bycollectingdata.B.Bygivingexamples.

C.Bystudyingpapers.D.Bydoingexperiments.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerability”meaninParagraph4

A.Tendency.B.Weakness.C.Awareness.D.Reduction.

11.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext

A.DepressionwillleadtoDNAvariation.

B.Geneticmapscanguideustowell-being.

C.Furtherdataaretobecollectedforthestudy.

D.Individualsensitivityisagreatdepressionrisk.

Plasticpollutionisagrowingglobalproblem.Simplistic,unhelpfullabellingandlowrecyclingrateseveninthebest-equippedcountriesaremajorbarrierstotacklingthisissue.

Inanewpaper,expertsfromtheUniversityofExeterandtheUniversityofQueenslandsuggestanewinternationallyapplicablelabellingsystemthatmovesthefocusfromrecyclabilitytosustainability.

“Weneedtoempowerconsumerstomakemoresustainablechoices,”saysleadauthorStephenBurrows.Insteadof“yes-no”recyclinglabels,whichareoftenmisleading,asustainabilityscale(等级)couldtakeaccountofrecyclabilityaswellasotherfactorssuchastheenvironmentalcostofproduction,andpotentialhumanhealthrisksfromadditives(添加剂).

“Requiringpackagingtocarryregion-specificdirectionsfordisposal(废弃处理)wouldshiftresponsibilityawayfromconsumersandtowardsregulatorsandplasticproducers.Thisisvitalbecausethemixofplasticproductsisconfusing,andindustrymustberesponsibleforclearinstructionsonhowbesttodisposeofplasticitems.Thesameistrueforthechemicaladditivesfoundinmanyplastics.Requiringproducerstolistalladditiveswouldbeamajorsteptowardsinformingthepublicandhelpingthemmakedecisionsregardingenvironmentalimpactandhumanhealth,”saysBurrows.

Atpresent,about368milliontonnesofplasticisproducedworldwideeachyear.Theresearchersstressthattheirrecommendationsshouldnotreducetheurgentneedtouselessplastic—especiallysingle-useitems.

ProfessorTamaraGalloway,fromtheUniversityofExeter,says:“Ourrecommendationsforasustainabilityscalearedesignedtoreducesomeoftheconfusionaroundplasticdisposal.Theultimateaimistoprotecttheenvironmentandhumanhealthfromtheharmfuleffectsofplasticwaste.”

ProfessorKevinThomas,fromtheUniversityofQueensland,says:“Wehopethatourrecommendationsinitiate(发起)areassessmentofplasticlabellingandthatcarryingoutasustainabilityscalewillallowindividualstomakeinformeddecisionsonhowtheyuseplastics.”

12.Whatareplasticproducersrequiredtodo

A.Maketheirplasticpackagingattractive.

B.Offerspecificinstructionsforregulators.

C.Remindconsumerstoassesshealthrisks.

D.Showconsumersplasticadditivecontent.

13.Whatdotheresearchersstress

A.Plasticuseneedsreducing.B.Plasticisbeingwidelyproduced.

C.Single-useplasticsarepreferred.D.Producershavetolistalladditives.

14.WhatdoGallowayandThomassayabouttheirrecommendations

A.Theyallowindividualstocareabouttheirhealth.

B.Theyinstructindividualstogetridofplasticwaste.

C.Theyencourageindividualstogivetipsonplasticdisposal.

D.Theyhelpindividualsreduceharmfuleffectsofplasticwaste.

15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout

A.Plasticlabellingneedsasustainabilityscale.

B.Thereisaneedfor“yes-no”recyclinglabels.

C.Theconsumersneedtolabeltheirplasticitems.

D.Itischallengingtomovefromrecyclabilitytosustainability.

HowtoSleepBetteratNight

Itiswidelyknownthatagoodsleephelpsusrelaxanditalsomakesusenergeticagain.16Lackofsleepcancauseillnesses.Howcanweimproveournight’ssleepHerearesometipstoimproveit.

●Takeexerciseduringtheday

17Itcanreducestressandhelpusfeelmorerelaxed.Butdon’ttakeexerciserightbeforebedtimeasexercisecanmakeustooexcitedtofallasleep.

●Don’tuseelectronicproductsbeforebedtime

Beforebedtime,someofushaveahabitofusingelectronicproductstosurftheInternet,listentomusicorwatchmovies.It’sbadforourhealthtodotheseactivitiesbeforebedtime.18Expertssuggestweshouldstopusingelectronicproductsatleastanhourbeforewegotobed.

●19

Whenwesleepwithlightson,ourbrainwillthinkit’sstilldaytime.Itwilltakeuslongertimetofallasleepandwewillrestless.Soit’swisetosleepwithlightsoff.

●Keepworriesaway

Someofushavedifficultyinfallingasleepbecauseofworries.Insteadoflyingawake,wecanwritedownthethingsthatmakeusworriedandmakealistofthingstodo.20

A.Don’tsleepwithlightson.

B.Don’tmakeanynoiseatnight.

C.Takingexerciseisgoodforoursleep.

D.Thereisnowaytosolvealltheseproblems.

E.Theywillkeepourbrainactiveandpreventsleep.

F.However,someofushavetroublewithsleepatnight.

G.Inthiswaywecankeepworriesawayandsleepbetter.

二、完形填空

Notlongagomydaughter’sfavoriteshoeswerecutwithaknife.Shecried.Itookthemtotheshoemakertogetthem21.Theyoungapprentice(学徒)22atthecutsquicklyandsaid,“Icando23exceptreplacetheuppers.”Themasterlookedatthemandsaid,“Ifyoutrustme,Iwilladdmorecutstobothoftheshoes.”Iwas24andaskedwhy.He25,“Asifthecutsweremadeonpurposeforspecialstyle.”Ididn’tfully26him,butIdecidedtoleavetheshoes.

Twodayslater,Iwenttocollecttheshoes.Atfirst27Ifoundtherewereindeedmorecutsoneachshoe,butallofthemwere28withredthreadaround.Theshoeslookedquite29andmoreinterestingthanever.Icouldn’thelpbutspeakhighlyofhis30.

Anothertime,mywife’swhiteskirthadanopening.Mywifecheckedit31andsaid,“I’llmenditmyself.”Threedayslater,seeingtheskirtagain,Iwasshocked:the32hadbeenrepairedbythinandwhitethreadanditlookedlikeaflower.I33,“It’sjustasbeautifulasapieceofart!”

“Igotthe34fromthatshoemaker.Patches(补丁)aresupposedtobeugly,butaskillfulpersoncanmakeitlookperfect.”repliedmywife.

35shesaidsetmethinking:perfectionis36toachieveineverything;patchesare37,soishuman’slife,whichwillappearintheformofinjury,disabilityordisease.Nowthatyoucan’t38theexistenceofthem,allyoucandoandhavetodoisto39thewoundbypatchesandtryyourbesttobloom(盛开)amostbeautifulfloweronthewound,andthatisthemeaningof40.

21.A.cleanedB.paintedC.soldD.repaired

22.A.glancedB.glaredC.laughedD.smiled

23.A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.everything

24.A.delightedB.convincedC.confusedD.embarrassed

25.A.explainedB.declaredC.announcedD.interrupted

26.A.likeB.ignoreC.understandD.help

27.A.attemptB.sightC.handD.light

28.A.decoratedB.filledC.occupiedD.mixed

29.A.sillyB.strangeC.uniqueD.ugly

30.A.statusB.strengthC.sweatD.skill

31.A.carefullyB.frequentlyC.graduallyD.curiously

32.A.cutB.woundC.openingD.injury

33.A.breathedB.praisedC.jumpedD.complained

34.A.planB.truthC.desireD.inspiration

35.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhenD.Where

36.A.necessaryB.easyC.rightD.impossible

37.A.unavoidableB.unlikelyC.unimportantD.unsuitable

38.A.makeB.changeC.produceD.exchange

39.A.agreewithB.talkwithC.dealwithD.playwith

40.A.studyB.educationC.workD.life

三、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chineseexpedition(探险)team,onMay23,2023,reachedthesummit(山顶)ofMountQomolangma,theworld’shighestpeak,41theycarriedoutscientificresearch.

Theaimistomaintainandupgrade(升级)theeightweather42(station)ataltitudesbetween5,200metersand8,830meters.Theteammembers43(leave)theAssaultCampatanaltitudeof8,300metersat3:00a.m.Andtheyarrived44theweatherstationatanaltitudeof8,830metersafterclimbingseveralhours.

KangShichang,aresearcherattheNorthwestInstituteofEco-EnvironmentandResourcesundertheChineseAcademyofSciences(CAS),hastakenateamto45(physical)examinetheglaciers(冰川).46(use)drones(无人机),3Dlaserscanningandotheradvancedequipment,theymonitoredpollutantsandchangesinglaciers.SuTao,aresearcherattheXishuangbannaTropicalBotanicalGardenunderCAS,47(lead)ateamoffourtocarryoutafieldinvestigationintheMt.Qomolangmaregionoverthepasttwoweeks.“Paleontologicalfossils(古生物化石)have48uniqueadvantagebecausetheshapeanddistributionoforganismsarecloselyrelatedtotheenvironment,”saidSu.

Overthepast60years,49(count)ChineseclimbersandresearchershavecometoMt.Qomolangma50(measure)itsheightwiththeirfootsteps.

四、短文改错

51.下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词;

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每句不超过两个错误;

2.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Peoplealwayssaythatwelackoftheeyesofrealizingthebeautyinlife.Ican’tagreecomplete.LastFriday,Iwakeupveryearlyanddecidedtotakeawalk.Inthesquarewheremanyseniorcitizenweredancing,Ifoundseveraleldersburythemselvesinfeedingbirds.Withoutmanycars,Irealizedthatthecitylookedsocleanbutbeautiful.Somecoffeeshopsweredecoratedprettywell,whichattractedourattention.Thewholecitywascoveredwithgreentrees,makingitgreencity.Atthismoment,Ifoundthecitywassointerested.HowIregretignoreitsbeautybefore!

五、告知信/通知

52.假设你是李华,你校学生会打算下周六上午在音乐厅举办“用英语讲中国故事”(TellingChineseStoriesinEnglish)的演讲比赛,请你用英语写一则通知,内容包括:

1.比赛目的;

2.比赛要求;

3.注意事项。

注意:1.词数100字左右;

2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Notice

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

TheStudents’Union

July13th,2023

试卷第1页,共3页

试卷第1页,共3页

参考答案:

1.D2.C3.A

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几个新的免费应用程序。

1.细节理解题。根据iEDU部分“ItallowsstudentstosearchforiEDUadvisingcenterinformation,whereyoucandiscoverneweducationalinformation,aid,opportunitiesandadvice.(它允许学生搜索iEDU咨询中心信息,在那里你可以发现新的教育信息、援助、机会和建议。)”可知,iEDU主要面对学生。故选D项。

2.细节理解题。根据BrainPOP部分“Itmixeslearningandtechnologyinafunandsimpleway.ItisfreeandteachesyousomethingnewinEnglisheveryday.(它以一种有趣而简单的方式将学习和技术结合在一起。它是免费的,每天教你一些新的英语。)”可知,BrainPOP可以帮助提升英语。故选C项。

3.推理判断题。根据文章第一段话“Ifyouareinterested,downloadthemtoyoursmartphone!(如果你感兴趣,下载到你的智能手机!)”可知,如果你对这些应用程序感兴趣,可以下载到手机里。这篇文章的主题与时尚,电影以及学术报告不相关。故选A项。

4.D5.C6.B7.A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了WilliamDunn创立非营利组织“带孩子钓鱼公司”,该组织通过钓鱼运动教育贫困和无父的孩子。文章还介绍了创立背后的原因以及“带孩子钓鱼公司”的影响力。

4.细节理解题。根据第二段“Adozenyearsago,inspiredbyhissix-year-oldfatherlessneighbor,Camran,whogotangryandshoutedathismom,WilliamaskedCamran’smomforpermissiontotakeCamranfishing.Camranwas“hooked”fromthatfirsttrip.Thetwofishedtogetherseveraltimesaweek,andWilliamsawpositivechangesinCamran’sbehavior.“That’swhenIrealizedthatIhadthedutytohelpfatherlesskids,”hesays.(十几年前,他6岁的没有父亲的邻居卡姆兰对妈妈发脾气,威廉受到启发,请求卡姆兰的妈妈允许他带卡姆兰去钓鱼。卡姆·兰从第一次旅行开始就“上瘾”了。两人每周一起钓鱼几次,威廉看到了卡姆兰行为上的积极变化。“那时我意识到我有责任帮助那些没有父亲的孩子,”他说。)”可知,一个没有父亲的邻居的积极变化启发威廉·邓恩创立了“带孩子钓鱼公司”。故选D。

5.推理判断题。根据第三段“Thencomethelifelessonsthatfishingoffers:patience,teamworkandthesimplejoyofrelaxingintheoutdoors.(然后是钓鱼带给我们的人生教训:耐心、团队合作以及在户外放松的简单乐趣。)”可推知,该组织教授的不仅仅是基本技能。故选C。

6.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“IjustwanttoshowthemthatIcareaboutthem,thatI’mthereforthem(我只是想让他们知道,我关心他们,我会在他们身边)”可知,威廉·邓恩认为陪伴在孩子的生活中很重要。故选B。

7.主旨大意题。根据第一段“WilliamDunnisthefounderofTakeaKidFishing,anonprofitorganizationinLakeland,Florida,whichteachespoorandfatherlesskidsthroughthesportoffishing.(威廉·邓恩是佛罗里达州莱克兰的非营利组织“带孩子钓鱼公司”的创始人,该组织通过钓鱼运动教育贫困和无父的孩子。)”结合文章还介绍了创立背后的原因以及“带孩子钓鱼公司”的影响力。可知,A选项“FishingChangesFatherlessKids’Life(钓鱼改变了没有父亲的孩子的生活)”最符合文章标题。故选A。

8.C9.A10.A11.C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。当一个人处于压力之下时,伸出援助之手总是一个好主意。事实上,一项新的研究表明,对于那些遗传品质使他们更容易患抑郁症的人来说,支持可能尤其重要。这项研究显示了社会支持在缓解抑郁症状风险方面的重要性。

8.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Infact,anewstudysuggeststhatsupportcouldbeespeciallyimportantforsomeonewhosegeneticqualitymakesthemmorelikelytodevelopdepression.(事实上,一项新的研究表明,对于那些遗传品质使他们更容易患抑郁症的人来说,支持可能尤其重要。)”可知,新的研究发现“社会支持可以降低遗传性抑郁症的风险。”故选C。

9.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thestudyusesdatafromtwoverydifferentgroupsofpeopleunderstress:newdoctorsinthemostintenseyearoftraining,andolderadultswhosebelovedonesrecentlydied.(这项研究使用了两组截然不同的压力人群的数据:一组是刚接受了最紧张训练的新医生,另一组是亲人最近去世的老年人。)”可知,研究者通过收集数据来完成研究。故选A。

10.词义猜测题。根据划线词后半句“learninghowthatvariationleadstodepressioniscrucial.(了解这种变异是如何导致抑郁的至关重要。)”和“evenasgeneticresearchrevealsmoreoftheDNAvariation(变异)relatedtodepressionvulnerability,可知,基因研究揭示了更多与抑郁趋向性相关的DNA变异可知,划线词的意思是“趋势,倾向性”。故选A。

11.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Besides,thedatausedinthestudyisbasedonpeopleofEuropeanorigin,whichlimitstheabilitytogeneralizethefindingstopeopleofotherbackgrounds.Sennotedthatadditionalworkisbeingdonetocollectscoresbasedondepression-relatedgeneticcharacteristicsinotherpopulationsincludingpeopleofEastAsianandAfricanblood.(此外,研究中使用的数据是基于欧洲血统的人,这限制了将研究结果推广到其他背景的人的能力。Sen指出,在东亚和非洲血统的其他人群中,正在进行其他工作,以收集与抑郁症相关的遗传特征的分数。)”可知,这项研究还需要收集更多的数据。故选C。

12.D13.A14.D15.A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学家建议为塑料制品贴上更详尽的标签,助力可持续发展。

12.细节理解题。根据第四段“Thesameistrueforthechemicaladditivesfoundinmanyplastics.Requiringproducerstolistalladditiveswouldbeamajorsteptowardsinformingthepublicandhelpingthemmakedecisionsregardingenvironmentalimpactandhumanhealth,(在许多塑料中发现的化学添加剂也是如此。要求生产商列出所有添加剂将是告知公众并帮助他们就环境影响和人类健康做出决定的重要一步,)”可知,生产商需要告知公众塑料中的所有添加剂的含量。故选D。

13.细节理解题。根据第五段“Theresearchersstressthattheirrecommendationsshouldnotreducetheurgentneedtouselessplastic—especiallysingle-useitems.(研究人员强调,他们的建议不应削弱减少塑料使用的迫切需要,尤其是一次性物品。)”可知,研究人员强调,塑料的使用需要减少。故选A。

14.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Ourrecommendationsforasustainabilityscalearedesignedtoreducesomeoftheconfusionaroundplasticdisposal.(我们对可持续性规模的建议旨在减少人们对塑料处理的一些困惑。)”和最后一段中的“ProfessorKevinThomas,fromtheUniversityofQueensland,says:‘Wehopethatourrecommendationsinitiate(发起)areassessmentofplasticlabellingandthatcarryingoutasustainabilityscalewillallowindividualstomakeinformeddecisionsonhowtheyuseplastics.’(昆士兰大学的凯文·托马斯教授说:“我们希望我们的建议能启动对塑料标签的重新评估,实施可持续性量表将使个人能够在如何使用塑料方面做出明智的决定。”)”可推断,文章主要讲述了加洛韦和托马斯帮助个人减少塑料垃圾的有害影响。故选D。

15.主旨大意题。根据第二段“Inanewpaper,expertsfromtheUniversityofExeterandtheUniversityofQueenslandsuggestanewinternationallyapplicablelabellingsystemthatmovesthefocusfromrecyclabilitytosustainability.(在一篇新论文中,来自埃克塞特大学和昆士兰大学的专家提出了一种新的国际适用的标签系统,将重点从可回收性转移到可持续性。)”及全文可知,文章主要介绍了科学家建议为塑料制品贴上更详尽的标签,助力可持续发展。故选A。

16.F17.C18.E19.A20.G

【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文就如何在晚上睡得更好提出了一些建议。

16.根据下文“Lackofsleepcancauseillnesses.”(睡眠不足会导致疾病)可知,空处说明有些人晚上难以入睡。F选项“然而,我们中的一些人晚上难以入睡”切题。故选F项。

17.根据下文“Itcanreducestressandhelpusfeelmorerelaxed.”(它可以减轻压力,帮助我们感到更放松)可知,选项承接下文说明锻炼是对睡眠是有好处的。故C选项“锻炼身体对我们的睡眠有好处”切题。故选C项。

18.根据上文“It’sbadforourhealthtodotheseactivitiesbeforebedtime.”(睡前做这些活动对我们的健康有害)空处承接上文继续说害处。故E选项“它们会让我们的大脑保持活跃,防止睡眠”切题。故选E项。

19.根据下文“Whenwesleepwithlightson,ourbrainwillthinkit’sstilldaytime.Itwilltakeuslongertimetofallasleepandwewillrestless.”(当我们开着灯睡觉时,我们的大脑会认为现在还是白天。我们入睡的时间会更长,休息的时间也会更少)可知,本段在说明睡觉不要开灯。故A选项“不要开着灯睡觉”切题,为本段的标题。故选A项。

20.根据上文“Insteadoflyingawake,wecanwritedownthethingsthatmakeusworriedandmakealistofthingstodo.”(与其躺着睡不着,我们可以把让我们担心的事情写下来,列出要做的事情。)可知,选项承接上文,说明上文所带来的的好处。故G选项“这样我们就可以远离烦恼,睡得更好”切题。故选G项。

21.D22.A23.B24.C25.A26.C27.B28.A29.C30.D31.A32.C33.B34.D35.B36.D37.A38.B39.C40.D

【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。一位技艺娴熟的修鞋匠通过装饰裂口让本来破损的鞋子变得更加独特有趣,“我”的妻子从中得到了灵感,自己用细细的白线装饰了裙子的开口,“我”觉得这条裙子就像一件艺术品一样美丽,并领悟到生命的缺憾无法避免和改变,我们应该尽最大的努力在伤口上开出一朵最美的花,这就是生活的意义。

21.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我把它们带到鞋匠那里修理。A.cleaned清理;B.painted绘画;C.sold售卖;D.repaired修理。根据“Itookthemtotheshoemaker”和前文“Notlongagomydaughter’sfavoriteshoeswerecutwithaknife.(不久前,我女儿最喜欢的鞋子被刀割了。)”可知,此处是指把鞋带到鞋匠那里修理。故选D。

22.考查动词词义辨析。句意:年轻的学徒飞快地看了一眼裂口,说:“除了换鞋面,我什么也做不了。”A.glanced一瞥,看一眼;B.glared怒视;C.laughed大笑;D.smiled微笑。根据“atthecutsquickly”可知,此处是指飞快地看了一眼裂口。故选A。

23.考查代词词义辨析。句意:年轻的学徒飞快地看了一眼裂口,说:“除了换鞋面,我什么也做不了。”A.something某物;B.nothing没有什么;C.anything任何事物;D.everything一切。根据“exceptreplacetheuppers”可知,此处是指除了换鞋面什么也做不了。故选B。

24.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我很困惑,问为什么。A.delighted高兴的;B.convinced确信的;C.confused困惑的;D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据“andaskedwhy”可知,此处是指“我”很困惑。故选C。

25.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他解释说:“就好像是为了特殊的风格而特意剪的。”A.explained解释;B.declared宣布;C.announced声称;D.interrupted打扰。根据“andaskedwhy”和“Asifthecutsweremadeonpurposeforspecialstyle.”可知,此处是指他解释说。故选A。

26.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我不完全明白,但我决定留下这双鞋。A.like喜欢;B.ignore忽视;C.understand明白;D.help帮助。根据“butIdecidedtoleavetheshoes”和“andaskedwhy”可知,此处是指“我”不完全明白。故选C。

27.考查名词词义辨析。句意:乍一看,我发现每只鞋上确实有更多的切口,但它们周围都用红线装饰着。A.attempt尝试;B.sight景象,视野;C.hand手;D.light光线。根据“Ifoundtherewereindeedmorecutsoneachshoe”可知,此处是指乍一看。故选B。

28.考查动词词义辨析。句意:乍一看,我发现每只鞋上确实有更多的切口,但它们周围都用红线装饰着。A.decorated装饰;B.filled使充满;C.occupied占据;D.mixed混合。根据“withredthreadaround”可知,此处是指切口都用红线装饰着。故选A。

29.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这双鞋看起来非常独特,比以往任何时候都有趣。A.silly愚蠢的;B.strange奇怪的;C.unique独特的;D.ugly丑陋的。根据“andmoreinterestingthanever”可知,此处是指这双鞋看起来非常独特。故选C。

30.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我不得不高度赞扬他的技术。A.status地位;B.strength优点;C.sweat汗水;D.skill技术。根据“speakhighlyofhis”可知,此处是指高度赞扬他的技术。故选D。

31.考查副词词义辨析。句意:我妻子仔细检查了一下,说:“我自己来修。”A.carefully仔细地;B.frequently频繁地;C.gradually逐渐地;D.curiously好奇地。根据“Mywifecheckedit”可知,此处是指仔细检查了一下。故选A。

32.考查名词词义辨析。句意:三天后,当我再次看到这条裙子时,我震惊了:它的开口已经被细细的白线补好了,看起来像一朵花。A.cut伤口;B.wound创口;C.opening开口;D.injury损伤。根据前文“Anothertime,mywife’swhiteskirthadanopening.(还有一次,我妻子的白裙子破了个口。)”可知,此处是指开口已经被细细的白线补好了。故选C。

33.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我称赞道:“它就像一件艺术品一样美丽!”A.breathed呼吸;B.praised称赞;C.jumped蹦跳;D.complained抱怨。根据“It’sjustasbeautifulasapieceofart!”可知,此处是指“我”称赞道。故选B。

34.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我从那个鞋匠那里得到了灵感。A.plan计划;B.truth真相;C.desire愿望;D.inspiration灵感。根据后文“Patches(补丁)aresupposedtobeugly,butaskillfulpersoncanmakeitlookperfect.(补丁应该是丑陋的,但一个有技巧的人可以使它看起来完美。)”可知,此处是指从那个鞋匠那里得到了灵感。故选D。

35.考查连词词义辨析。句意:她的话让我思考:完美是不可能做到的;补丁是不可避免的,人生也是如此,它会以损伤、残疾或疾病的形式出现。A.That仅起连接作用、无实义;B.What什么、所……的;C.When何时;D.Where何地。在主语从句中缺少宾语,且根据“shesaid”可知,此处是指“所说的”,所以应用连接代词what。故选B。

36.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她的话让我思考:完美是不可能做到的;补丁是不可避免的,人的生命也是如此,它会以损伤、残疾或疾病的形式出现。A.necessary必要的;B.easy容易的;C.right正确的;D.impossible不可能的。根据“soishuman’slife,whichwillappearintheformofinjury,disabilityordisease”可知,此处是指完美是不可能做到的。故选D。

37.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她的话让我思考:完美是不可能做到的;补丁是不可避免的,人的生命也是如此,它会以损伤、残疾或疾病的形式出现。A.unavoidable不可避免的;B.unlikely不可能的;C.unimportant不重要的;D.unsuitable不适合的。根据“soishuman’slife,whichwillappearintheformofinjury,disabilityordisease”可知,此处是指补丁是不可避免的。故选A。

38.考查动词词义辨析。句意:既然你无法改变它们的存在,你所能做的和必须做的,就是用补丁来处理伤口,尽你最大的努力在伤口上开出一朵最美的花,这就是生命的意义。A.make制作;B.change改变;C.produce生产;D.exchange交换。根据“theexistenceofthem”可知,此处是指无法改变缺憾的存在。故选B。

39.考查动词短语辨析。句意:既然你无法改变它们的存在,你所能做的和必须做的,就是用补丁来处理伤口,尽你最大的努力在伤口上开出一朵最美的花,这就是生命的意义。A.agreewith同意;B.talkwith与……交谈;C.dealwith处理;D.playwith与……玩耍。根据“thewoundbypatches”可知,此处是指用补丁来处理伤口。故选C。

40.考查名词词义辨析。句意:既然你无法改变它们的存在,你所能做的和必须做的,就是用补丁来处理伤口,尽你最大的努力在伤口上开出一朵最美的花,这就是生活的意义。A.study研究;B.education教育;C.work工作;D.life生活。根据前文“soishuman’slife,whichwillappearintheformofinjury,disabilityordisease”可知,此处是指生活的意义。故选D。

41.where42.stations43.left44.at45.physically46.Using47.hasled48.a49.countless50.tomeasure

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍中国考察队登上了世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰,在那里进行科学研究。

41.考查定语从句。句意:2023年5月23日,中国考察队登上了世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰,在那里进行科学研究。此处引导非限制性定语从句,thesummit(山顶)ofMountQomolangma是先行词,在后面的非限制性定语从句中作地点状语,定语从句由关系副词where引导。故填where。

42.考查名词复数。句意:其目的是维护和升级海拔5200米至8830米之间的8个气象站。根据空前的theeight可知,此处用名词复数。故填stations。

43.考查一般过过时态。句意:当天凌晨3点,队员们离开了海拔8300米的攻击营地。该句描述过去发生的事情,句子用一般过去时。故填left。

44.考查介词。句意:经过几个小时的攀登,他们到达了海拔8830米的气象站。固定搭配:arriveat意为“到达”。故填at。

45.考查副词。句意:中国科学院西北生态环境与资源研究院的研究员康世昌带领一个团队对冰川进行了物理检查。空后examine是动词,由副词修饰。故填physically。

46.考查现在分词作状语。句意:利用无人机、3D激光扫描和其他先进设备,他们监测了冰川中的污染物和变化。句子主语they和动词use之间是主动关系,用现在分词作状语,且首字母大写。故填Using。

47.考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意:苏涛是中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园的研究员,在过去的两周里,他带领一个四人小组在珠峰地区进行了实地调查。根据overthepasttwoweeks可知,句子用现在完成时,且句子主语是单数第三人称SuTao,助动词应用has。故填hasled。

48.考查不定冠词。句意:古生物化石具有独特的优势,因为生物的形态和分布与环境密切相关。advantage“优势”是可数名词,此处表示“一种”独特的优势,应用不定冠词修饰,且unique是以辅音音素开头的词。故填a。

49.考查形容词

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论