除草剂进出口状况和形势分析-曹兵伟

除草剂进出口情况和形势分析农业部农药检定所国际交流与服务处曹兵伟caobingwei@提纲一、我国农药进出口贸易和管理现状二、十二五期间农药进出口总体情况三、除草剂进出口总体情况和分析一、我国农药进出口贸易和管理现状贸易概况产能世界第一满足国内农业生产需要的基础上，已成为全球农药生产和出口大国。产量一半出口2014年，我国农药生产了374.4万吨，出口了164.2万吨，我国农药产量近一半的农药用于出口。产品誉满全球由于中国农药品种齐全、质量优良、价格合理，目前已出口到美国、巴西等六大洲180多个国家。但主要是贴牌出口。一、我国农药进出口贸易和管理现状管理现状目录为基础以《中华人民共和国进出口农药管理名录》为基础，由农业部协助海关对农药进出口实施监管。核销为手段海关总署和农业部联合以“农药进出口登记电子联网核销系统”为监管手段对农药进出口实施监管。规范为目标规范了我国农药进出口的贸易秩序，打击了非法贸易，树立了中国负责任大国的形象。一、我国农药进出口贸易和管理现状

2023/8/82023/8/82023/8/8服务措施“仅境外使用”农药出口政策支持协助出口通关，出具“情况说明”中国农药产品登记等相关信息确认促进GLP建设与登记试验资料互认二、十二五期间农药进出口总体情况2023/8/81.2015年进出口首次双降，出口降幅较大。年份进出口数量（万吨）增长率金额（亿美元）增长率2011出口140.88

61.99

2012出口159.9413.53%78.6326.85%2013出口162.191.41%85.238.39%2014出口164.171.22%87.602.78%2015出口150.95-8.06%72.83-16.87%2011进口4.39

5.21

2012进口5.3521.79%5.648.24%2013进口6.2216.31%6.9823.78%2014进口6.727.95%7.456.66%2015进口5.7606-14.21%6.7846-8.88%2023/8/82.原药出口占比逐年下降。年份进出口原药/制剂数量（万吨）增长率所占百分比金额（亿美元）增长率所占百分比2011出口原药65.40

46.42%39.19

63.22%2012出口原药74.2613.55%46.43%51.2130.66%65.12%2013出口原药62.93-15.26%38.80%50.82-0.75%59.63%2014出口原药61.68-1.98%37.57%50.28-1.06%57.40%2015出口原药54.5634-11.54%36.15%42.6028-15.27%58.50%2011进口原药0.69

15.69%1.11

21.36%2012进口原药0.64-7.67%11.89%1.06-4.95%18.76%2013进口原药0.62-2.22%10.00%1.00-5.82%14.27%2014进口原药0.53-15.37%7.84%0.91-8.32%12.27%2015进口原药0.688930.89%11.96%1.204731.89%17.76%3.制剂出口占比逐年上升。年份进出口原药/制剂数量（万吨）增长率所占百分比金额（亿美元）增长率所占百分比2011出口制剂75.48

53.58%22.80

36.78%2012出口制剂85.6813.52%53.57%27.4220.30%34.88%2013出口制剂99.2715.86%61.20%34.4125.47%40.37%2014出口制剂102.493.25%62.43%37.328.46%42.60%2015出口制剂96.383-5.96%63.85%30.2227-19.02%41.50%2011进口制剂3.70

84.31%4.10

78.64%2012进口制剂4.7127.27%88.11%4.5811.81%81.24%2013进口制剂5.6018.81%90.00%5.9830.62%85.73%2014进口制剂6.1910.54%92.16%6.539.15%87.73%2015进口制剂5.0717-18.05%88.04%5.5798-14.58%82.24%4.2015年出口过亿美元的国家22个，占出口的七成。年份进出口国家数量（万吨）增长率所占百分比金额（亿美元）增长率所占百分比大洲2015出口美国12.32846.67%8.17%9.7764-1.56%13.42%北美洲2015出口巴西11.2293-16.04%7.44%6.1756-26.57%8.48%南美洲2015出口澳大利亚9.76229.61%6.47%3.94721.89%5.42%大洋洲2015出口阿根廷6.4801-25.82%4.29%3.0858-35.20%4.24%南美洲2015出口越南7.6749-6.25%5.08%2.9862-14.86%4.10%亚洲2015出口泰国9.9325-2.34%6.58%2.5897-17.04%3.56%亚洲2015出口印度尼西亚6.6217-4.15%4.39%2.4746-19.88%3.40%亚洲2015出口印度2.1802-43.67%1.44%2.4228-29.36%3.33%亚洲2015出口巴基斯坦2.85-9.84%1.89%1.8669-12.73%2.56%亚洲2015出口以色列1.697-46.17%1.12%1.6396-43.49%2.25%亚洲合计70.7561

46.88%36.9648

50.76%

序号年份进出口国家有效成份数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E美国草甘膦3071924.92%93669.58%22015E美国麦草畏53914.37%87318.93%32015E美国甲磺草胺22311.81%62616.40%42015E美国氟磺胺草醚35562.88%48234.93%52015E美国烯草酮54844.45%47614.87%62015E美国莠去津1414411.47%37893.88%72015E美国草铵膦17891.45%36383.72%82015E美国联苯菊酯10690.87%31553.23%92015E美国百草枯100678.17%29232.99%102015E美国吡虫啉16781.36%25772.64%合计7612961.75%5002451.17%序号年份进出口国家有效成份数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E巴西草甘膦5169946.04%1766628.61%22015E巴西乙酰甲胺磷92048.20%49177.96%32015E巴西吡虫啉26092.32%40086.49%42015E巴西甲磺草胺15961.42%37836.13%52015E巴西灭多威33492.98%31455.09%62015E巴西百草枯100658.96%24704.00%72015E巴西异噁草松23752.12%19943.23%82015E巴西戊唑醇17171.53%12201.98%92015E巴西2,4-滴47834.26%11401.85%102015E巴西氟虫腈1960.17%9941.61%合计8759278.00%4133666.93%序号年份进出口国家有效成份数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E澳大利亚草甘膦5368254.99%1291632.72%22015E澳大利亚氟乐灵74507.63%33868.58%32015E澳大利亚百草枯1220212.50%30777.80%42015E澳大利亚烯草酮24292.49%18474.68%52015E澳大利亚野麦畏22922.35%13873.51%62015E澳大利亚炔苯酰草胺6600.68%13693.47%72015E澳大利亚辛酰溴苯腈9240.95%9282.35%82015E澳大利亚氨氯吡啶酸4830.49%8982.28%92015E澳大利亚粉唑醇5700.58%8602.18%102015E澳大利亚2,4-滴异辛酯20462.10%5541.40%合计8273984.76%2722268.97%序号年份进出口国家有效成份数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E阿根廷草甘膦3636956.12%1290341.81%22015E阿根廷高效氟吡甲禾灵9261.43%329210.67%32015E阿根廷2,4-滴926214.29%24317.88%42015E阿根廷百草枯58699.06%13574.40%52015E阿根廷烯草酮8901.37%11833.83%62015E阿根廷麦草畏4840.75%9733.15%72015E阿根廷毒死蜱16882.60%8912.89%82015E阿根廷莠去津20663.19%7372.39%92015E阿根廷甲磺草胺2020.31%5901.91%102015E阿根廷吡虫啉3940.61%5831.89%合计5814989.74%2493980.82%序号年份进出口国家有效成份数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E越南草甘膦2733635.62%411613.78%22015E越南毒死蜱41325.38%21267.12%32015E越南三环唑20082.62%17906.00%42015E越南百草枯60807.92%13294.45%52015E越南甲氨基阿维菌素7781.01%11813.96%62015E越南阿维菌素21932.86%10543.53%72015E越南氟虫腈3040.40%7852.63%82015E越南嘧菌酯2940.38%6652.23%92015E越南多菌灵12731.66%6222.08%102015E越南苯醚甲环唑3050.40%6042.02%合计4470458.25%1427347.80%序号年份进出口国家有效成份数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E泰国百草枯2619826.38%644224.87%22015E泰国草甘膦3994140.21%609823.55%32015E泰国莠灭净22742.29%9123.52%42015E泰国毒死蜱16951.71%7983.08%52015E泰国莠去津23892.41%7652.95%62015E泰国噁草酮3700.37%7402.86%72015E泰国多菌灵15851.60%5732.21%82015E泰国灭多威11091.12%5202.01%92015E泰国敌草隆14141.42%5202.01%102015E泰国磷化铝11851.19%5021.94%合计7816278.69%1787169.01%序号年份进出口国家有效成份数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E印度尼西亚百草枯1746326.37%490519.82%22015E印度尼西亚草甘膦1758826.56%468218.92%32015E印度尼西亚毒死蜱23973.62%11294.56%42015E印度尼西亚丙溴磷7661.16%5982.42%52015E印度尼西亚甲磺隆3620.55%5822.35%62015E印度尼西亚草铵膦6891.04%5812.35%72015E印度尼西亚氯氰菊酯11071.67%5312.15%82015E印度尼西亚乙酰甲胺磷9831.48%5162.09%92015E印度尼西亚对二氯苯40196.07%4631.87%102015E印度尼西亚三苯基乙酸锡2800.42%4491.81%合计4565368.94%1443758.34%序号年份进出口国家有效成份数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E印度氯虫苯甲酰胺2441.12%308812.75%22015E印度杀螟丹21419.82%262710.84%32015E印度吡虫啉14296.55%19207.93%42015E印度多菌灵274712.60%14495.98%52015E印度氟虫腈1710.79%14495.98%62015E印度乙酰甲胺磷19268.83%9694.00%72015E印度丙草胺18488.48%9503.92%82015E印度甲氨基阿维菌素1260.58%8463.49%92015E印度啶虫脒4532.08%6472.67%102015E印度克百威5242.40%6012.48%合计1160953.25%1454660.04%序号年份进出口国家有效成份数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E巴基斯坦杀螟丹11834.15%14637.84%22015E巴基斯坦丁醚脲6232.19%12266.57%32015E巴基斯坦吡丙醚4231.48%8304.44%42015E巴基斯坦吡虫啉13154.61%8124.35%52015E巴基斯坦啶虫脒7882.76%7634.09%62015E巴基斯坦杀虫单14775.18%6603.54%72015E巴基斯坦联苯菊酯3191.12%6433.44%82015E巴基斯坦克百威5531.94%5903.16%92015E巴基斯坦莠去津16215.69%5773.09%102015E巴基斯坦三唑磷12484.38%5713.06%合计955033.51%813543.58%序号年份进出口国家有效成份数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E以色列烯草酮182210.74%165710.11%22015E以色列苯嗪草酮8825.20%11907.26%32015E以色列咪鲜胺13608.01%10986.70%42015E以色列毒死蜱181710.71%9675.90%52015E以色列丁噻隆5643.32%7734.71%62015E以色列喹草酸1320.78%7214.40%72015E以色列联苯菊酯2531.49%7104.33%82015E以色列灭多威6944.09%6604.03%92015E以色列吡唑草胺3602.12%5903.60%102015E以色列环嗪酮2881.70%5613.42%合计817248.15%892654.44%5.2015年出口过亿美元的品种有10个，占四成左右。年份进出口有效成分数量（万吨）增长率所占百分比美元（亿美元）增长率所占百分比2015出口草甘膦52.6373-14.53%34.87%12.7265-39.24%17.48%2015出口百草枯18.13822.75%12.02%4.4348-15.79%6.09%2015出口吡虫啉2.1655-7.86%1.43%2.2407-29.34%3.08%2015出口烯草酮1.675752.42%1.11%1.441347.07%1.98%2015出口毒死蜱2.7236-24.71%1.80%1.3292-27.47%1.83%2015出口莠去津4.0826-14.95%2.70%1.203-30.49%1.65%2015出口麦草畏0.746516.51%0.49%1.16755.55%1.60%2015出口阿维菌素1.04228.18%0.69%1.089749.15%1.50%2015出口甲磺草胺0.402911.98%0.27%1.06389.46%1.46%2015出口百菌清2.463613.45%1.63%1.00119.38%1.37%合计86.0779

57.03%27.6975

38.03%序号年份进出口有效成分国家数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E草甘膦巴西516999.82%1766613.88%22015E草甘膦澳大利亚5368210.20%1291610.15%32015E草甘膦阿根廷363696.91%1290310.14%42015E草甘膦美国307195.84%93667.36%52015E草甘膦泰国399417.59%60984.79%62015E草甘膦印度尼西亚175883.34%46823.68%72015E草甘膦越南273365.19%41163.23%82015E草甘膦加纳204823.89%40643.19%92015E草甘膦尼日利亚203743.87%37992.99%102015E草甘膦俄罗斯联邦150742.86%37822.97%合计31326559.51%7939262.38%序号年份进出口有效成分国家数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E百草枯泰国2619814.44%644214.53%22015E百草枯尼日利亚2551014.06%595713.43%32015E百草枯印度尼西亚174639.63%490511.06%42015E百草枯澳大利亚122026.73%30776.94%52015E百草枯美国100675.55%29236.59%62015E百草枯巴西100655.55%24705.57%72015E百草枯巴拉圭98925.45%21304.80%82015E百草枯台澎金马关税区75244.15%18864.25%92015E百草枯墨西哥58133.20%16263.67%102015E百草枯马来西亚63493.50%14943.37%合计13108272.27%3290974.21%序号年份进出口有效成分国家数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E吡虫啉巴西260912.05%400817.89%22015E吡虫啉美国16787.75%257711.50%32015E吡虫啉印度14296.60%19208.57%42015E吡虫啉德国6983.22%13776.14%52015E吡虫啉巴基斯坦13156.07%8123.62%62015E吡虫啉哥伦比亚4972.29%7213.22%72015E吡虫啉乌克兰6573.04%6212.77%82015E吡虫啉阿根廷3941.82%5832.60%92015E吡虫啉科特迪瓦17167.92%5532.47%102015E吡虫啉巴拉圭3691.70%5262.35%合计1136252.47%1369761.13%序号年份进出口有效成分国家数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E烯草酮美国548432.72%476133.03%22015E烯草酮澳大利亚242914.50%184712.82%32015E烯草酮以色列182210.88%165711.50%42015E烯草酮巴拉圭190811.39%14159.82%52015E烯草酮哥伦比亚15269.11%13709.50%62015E烯草酮阿根廷8905.31%11838.21%72015E烯草酮乌拉圭8395.00%6064.21%82015E烯草酮俄罗斯联邦4002.38%4132.86%92015E烯草酮智利3582.14%2611.81%102015E烯草酮南非1200.72%1380.96%合计1577594.14%1365094.71%序号年份进出口有效成分国家数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E毒死蜱越南413215.17%212616.00%22015E毒死蜱印度尼西亚23978.80%11298.50%32015E毒死蜱以色列18176.67%9677.27%42015E毒死蜱阿根廷16886.20%8916.70%52015E毒死蜱泰国16956.23%7986.01%62015E毒死蜱土耳其11324.16%5634.23%72015E毒死蜱乌克兰9243.39%4173.14%82015E毒死蜱巴基斯坦7932.91%3862.90%92015E毒死蜱缅甸7612.79%3602.71%102015E毒死蜱马来西亚7592.79%3522.65%合计1609859.11%798960.11%序号年份进出口有效成分国家数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E莠去津美国1414434.65%378931.50%22015E莠去津巴西33728.26%9507.90%32015E莠去津尼日利亚26686.54%8176.79%42015E莠去津泰国23895.85%7656.36%52015E莠去津阿根廷20665.06%7376.13%62015E莠去津巴基斯坦16213.97%5774.80%72015E莠去津加纳21405.24%5474.55%82015E莠去津澳大利亚12453.05%4723.93%92015E莠去津墨西哥9942.44%3372.80%102015E莠去津智利14733.61%3182.65%合计3211478.66%931077.39%序号年份进出口有效成分国家数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E麦草畏美国539172.21%873174.79%22015E麦草畏阿根廷4846.48%9738.33%32015E麦草畏德国3304.43%5104.37%42015E麦草畏澳大利亚1932.59%3312.83%52015E麦草畏俄罗斯联邦1271.71%1591.36%62015E麦草畏哈萨克斯坦3314.44%1411.21%72015E麦草畏乌拉圭841.13%1171.00%82015E麦草畏智利340.45%810.69%92015E麦草畏乌克兰440.58%710.61%102015E麦草畏波兰290.39%670.57%合计704794.40%1117995.75%序号年份进出口有效成分国家数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E阿维菌素美国6446.18%230121.12%22015E阿维菌素越南219321.04%10549.67%32015E阿维菌素丹麦720.69%8007.35%42015E阿维菌素巴西2812.70%6405.88%52015E阿维菌素中国450.43%5725.25%62015E阿维菌素泰国166615.98%4994.58%72015E阿维菌素印度690.66%4263.91%82015E阿维菌素印度尼西亚7927.60%3393.11%92015E阿维菌素乌拉圭340.33%3132.88%102015E阿维菌素埃及2112.02%2922.68%合计600857.65%723866.42%序号年份进出口有效成分国家数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E甲磺草胺美国223155.38%626158.85%22015E甲磺草胺巴西159639.61%378335.56%32015E甲磺草胺阿根廷2025.00%5905.55%42015E甲磺草胺厄瓜多尔10.02%40.04%52015E甲磺草胺苏丹00.00%00.00%合计4029100.01%10638100.00%序号年份进出口有效成分国家数量（吨）所占百分比金额（万美元）所占百分比12015E百菌清美国495020.09%204520.43%22015E百菌清荷兰305112.39%131713.16%32015E百菌清墨西哥15406.25%6756.74%42015E百菌清意大利12244.97%5125.11%52015E百菌清巴西10324.19%4214.20%62015E百菌清澳大利亚10654.32%3933.92%72015E百菌清比利时8563.47%3613.61%82015E百菌清以色列8593.49%3603.59%92015E百菌清法国8583.48%3553.55%102015E百菌清日本10304.18%3553.55%合计1646666.84%679267.85%三、十二五期间除草剂进出口总体情况和分析2023/8/81.除草剂占农药出口数量的六成五，金额的五成五年份进出口农药类别数量（万吨）增长率所占百分比金额（亿美元）增长率所占百分比2014出口除草108.97-0.69%66.37%49.46-2.01%56.45%2014出口杀虫38.384.63%23.38%25.759.30%29.39%2014出口杀菌14.8711.55%9.06%10.9813.13%12.54%2014出口植物生长调节剂1.87-20.41%1.14%1.38-4.97%1.57%2014出口杀鼠剂0.08-19.94%0.05%0.04-12.07%0.04%2015出口除草103.4049-5.10%68.50%39.5728-19.98%54.34%2015出口杀虫30.9525-19.36%20.51%20.2532-21.34%27.81%2015出口杀菌14.5087-2.45%9.61%11.50934.78%15.80%2015出口植物生长调节剂1.99756.58%1.32%1.45185.25%1.99%2015出口杀鼠剂0.08287.95%0.05%0.03841.32%0.05%年份进出口数量（万吨）增长率美元（亿美元）增长率2011出口89.2492

32.8384

2012出口107.932820.93%45.048137.18%2013出口109.72331.66%50.468612.03%2014出口108.9658-0.69%49.4554-2.01%2015出口103.4049-5.10%39.5728-19.98%2011进口1.8816

1.5977

2012进口2.495132.61%1.4629-8.44%2013进口2.3097-7.43%1.636511.87%2014进口2.703217.04%1.78118.84%2015进口1.9308-28.57%1.5583-12.51%2.除草剂出口原药占比下降，制剂占比上升。年份进出口原药/制剂数量（万吨）增长率所占百分比金额（亿美元）增长率所占百分比2011出口原药65.40

46.42%39.19

63.22%2012出口原药74.2613.55%46.43%51.2130.66%65.12%2013出口原药62.93-15.26%38.80%50.82-0.75%59.63%2014出口原药61.68-1.98%37.57%50.28-1.06%57.40%2015出口原药54.5634-11.54%36.15%42.6028-15.27%58.50%2011出口制剂75.48

53.58%22.80

36.78%2012出口制剂85.6813.52%53.57%27.4220.30%34.88%2013出口制剂99.2715.86%61.20%34.4125.47%40.37%2014出口制剂102.493.25%62.43%37.328.46%42.60%2015出口制剂96.383-5.96%63.85%30.2227-19.02%41.50%3.除草剂主要出口南美和亚洲。年份进出口大洲名称数量（万吨）增长率所占百分比美元（亿美元）增长率所占百分比2014出口南美洲30.40440.80%27.90%14.0621-4.79%28.43%2014出口亚洲32.5671-2.85%29.89%13.30375.33%26.90%2014出口北美洲9.4787-30.70%8.70%7.3696-20.86%14.90%2014出口非洲19.912825.74%18.27%5.970821.83%12.07%2014出口欧洲9.0437-3.99%8.30%5.0715-2.87%10.25%2014出口大洋洲7.55916.42%6.94%3.67761.20%7.44%2015出口南美洲28.538-6.14%27.60%10.4207-25.90%26.33%2015出口亚洲29.8871-8.23%28.90%9.5685-28.08%24.18%2015出口北美洲9.86244.05%9.54%6.8975-6.41%17.43%2015出口欧洲9.42114.17%9.11%4.8207-4.95%12.18%2015出口非洲15.9132-20.09%15.39%4.1483-30.52%10.48%2015出口大洋洲9.783229.42%9.46%3.71721.08%9.39%4.除草剂出口主要15国，占出口的七成。序号年份进出口国家数量（万吨）增长率所占百分比美元（亿美元）增长率所占百分比大洲12015出口美国9.49869.07%9.19%6.7274-4.01%17.00%北美洲22015出口澳大利亚9.231733.91%8.93%3.48934.11%8.82%大洋洲32015出口巴西8.122-7.54%7.85%3.4122-25.28%8.62%南美洲42015出口阿根廷5.9745-25.20%5.78%2.6449-36.25%6.68%南美洲52015出口泰国8.1518-0.60%7.88%1.8462-18.10%4.67%亚洲62015出口印度尼西亚4.2033-9.36%4.06%1.3219-31.38%3.34%亚洲72015出口俄罗斯联邦2.604616.52%2.52%1.2465.01%3.15%欧洲82015出口尼日利亚5.3926-32.26%5.22%1.2242-42.13%3.09%非洲92015出口以色列1.0502-52.85%1.02%0.9986-50.50%2.52%亚洲102015出口越南4.1653-14.12%4.03%0.8911-35.97%2.25%亚洲112015出口南非1.7926-4.23%1.73%0.8517-8.66%2.15%非洲122015出口哥伦比亚2.143923.26%2.07%0.80156.10%2.03%南美洲132015出口马来西亚