新高考英语人教版一轮复习课后练习第1部分必修3Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote

第一部分必修3Unit3Ⅰ．阅读理解A(2020年7月浙江卷)ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue，Washington，generallydon’tflashthesamelengthofgreentwiceinarow，especiallyatrushhour.At9：30a．m.，thefullred/yellow/greensignalcyclemightbe140seconds.By9：33a．m.，aburstofadditionaltrafficmightpushitto145seconds.Lesstrafficat9：37a．m.couldpushitdownto135．Justlikethetrafficitself，thetimingofThatisbydesign.Bellevue，afast­growingcityjusteastofSeattle，usesasystemthatisgainingpopularityaroundtheUS：intersection(十字路口)signalsthatcanadjustinrealtimetotrafficconditions.Theselights，knownasadaptivesignals，haveledtosignificantdeclinesinboththetroubleandcostoftravelsbetweenworkandhome.“Adaptivesignalscanmakesurethatthetrafficdemandthatisthereisbeingaddressed，”saysAlexStevanovic，aresearcheratFloridaAtlanticUniversity.ForallofBellevue’ssuccess，adaptivesignalsarenotacure­allforjammedroadways.KevinBalke，aresearchengineerattheTexasA&MUniversityTransportationInstitute，saysthatwhilesmartlightscanbeparticularlybeneficialforsomecities，othersaresojammedthatonlyasharpreductioninthenumberofcarsontheroadwillmakeameaningfuldifference.“It’snotgoingtofixeverything，butadaptivesignalshavesomebenefitsforsmallercities，”hesays.InBellevue，theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelcomingnewapproaches.Inthepast，therewasoftenanautomaticreactiontoincreasedtraffic：justwidentheroads，saysMarkPoch，theBellevueTransportationDepartment’strafficengineeringmanager.Nowhehopesthatothercitieswillconsidermakingtheirstreetsrunsmarterinsteadofjustmakingthembigger.()1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph2referto?A．Increasedlengthofgreenlights.B．Shortenedtrafficsignalcycle.C．Flexibletimingoftrafficsignals.D．Smoothtrafficflowontheroad.()2．WhatdoesKevinBalkesayaboutadaptivesignals?A．Theyworkbetteronbroadroads.B．Theyshouldbeusedinothercities.C．Theyhavegreatlyreducedtrafficontheroad.D．Theyarelesshelpfulincitiesseriouslyjammed.()3．WhatcanwelearnfromBellevue’ssuccess?A．Itisrewardingtotrynewthings.B．Theoldmethodsstillworktoday.C．Itpaystoputtheoryintopractice.D．Thesimplestwayisthebestway.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了华盛顿贝尔维尤的法克托利亚大道采用了可以根据交通状况实时调整信号灯时间的自适应信号灯，大大缓解了交通压力。1．C代词指代题。代词that多指代上文内容。根据文章第一段最后一句，即本段主题句“Justlikethetrafficitself，thetimingofthesignalschanges.”可知，that指代信号灯时间随交通状况而变化这一情况，也就是C项“交通信号灯时间的灵活控制”。故选C项。2．D推理判断题。根据题干中的KevinBalke可定位到第四段。根据本段中的“adaptivesignalsarenotacure­allforjammedroadways”以及“othersaresojammedthatonlyasharpreductioninthenumberofcarsontheroadwillmakeameaningfuldifference”可知，自适应信号灯不是解决交通拥堵问题的灵丹妙药，在一些拥挤不堪的城市，只有大幅减少道路上的汽车数量才会产生有意义的影响。由此可推知，凯文·巴尔克认为自适应信号灯在交通拥堵严重的城市没那么有用。故选D项。3．A推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“InBellevue，theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelcomingnewapproaches.”可知，贝尔维尤改用自适应信号灯给我们上了一课，让我们意识到乐于接受新方法的价值所在。由此可推知从贝尔维尤的成功中我们可以学到：尝试新事物是值得的。故选A项。Ⅱ．七选五(2021年山东省潍坊市五县市联考)Formanyofus,nothingisbetterthanburyingourheadinagoodbook.Whetherit’sacrimestoryorabiographyofsomeone’samazinglife,it’sgoodtoreadabooktoswitchofffromthedistractionsofeverydaylife.__1__Itcanbeeducationalandbroadenthemind.Agoodnovelcanmakeushappy,ormakeuscryaswesympathizewithcharacters.Alistofbooksabout“bibliotherapy”canbeofferedtopatients.__2__It’sbecomesosuccessfulthatit’sabouttobeextendedtochildrenaswell.ProfessorPhilipDavis,authorofabookcalledReadingforLife,studiespeopleinreadinggroupsandfoundthatit’sreadingliterature—writtenworkthoughttohaveartisticvalue,thathasthebesteffect.HetoldtheBBCthatwhenreadingsomethingforpleasure,“…thebrainbeginstoworkfromdifferentparts,anditgetsexcited,itgetspre­emotional.__3__”Ofcourse,it’seasyinoursmartphonegenerationtoabandonagoodbookandplaywithourphonesinstead.Butopeningupapaperbackcouldbeasimplewaytohelpmaintainourmentalhealth.__4__Andtheymayallowyoutoseethatawkwardsituationyou’vebeenanxiousaboutforweeksfromsomeoneelse’spointofview.__5__Ifthebooklistdoesn’tappeal,youcouldreadbookreviews,visitalibraryorbookshoporaskafriend.Onceyou’vefoundtherighttext,you’llbefascinated!A．Youcanseethebraincomingtolife.B．Andyoucouldalwaysuseane­reader.C．Youcanlendittofriendsandforgetyoudid.D．Itmayseemobviousthatreadingisgoodforus.E．It’sthoughtthattheycanhelpyousettargetsandfindfocus.F．Readingbooksisactuallybeingidentifiedasatreatmenttosickness.G．Ifyou’renotaconcernedreader,itcanbehardtoknowwheretobegin.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过分析告诉我们阅读的重要性以及通过阅读可以带来的积极影响。1．D根据后句的“它可以是有教育意义的，还可以开阔眼界。”可知，D项“阅读对我们有好处，这似乎是显而易见的。”和前句构成前后说明。共同表达阅读的好处。故选D项。2．F根据前句提到“可以向患者提供一系列关于’阅读疗法’的书籍”可知，此处强调书籍具有“治病”之用。F项“读书实际上被认为是一种治疗疾病的方法。”在此对前句构成补充说明。故选F项。3．A根据前句提及“他告诉英国广播公司，当你为了快乐而阅读时，……大脑从不同的部分开始工作，它变得兴奋，它变得情绪化。”可知，此处表示书籍对大脑的积极影响。A项“你可以看到大脑苏醒过来。”在此对上句进行总结说明。共同强调书籍对大脑的积极影响。故选A项。4．E根据前句“但是打开一本平装书可能是帮助我们保持心理健康的一个简单方法。”和画线后的句子“他们可能会让你从别人的角度看到你已经焦虑了几个星期的尴尬局面。”可知，此处前后句都是强调书籍对人生的一些积极的作用。E项“人们认为它们可以帮助你设定目标，找到焦点。”在此构成前后并列。故选E项。5．G根据后句“如果书单不吸引你，你可以看看书评，去图书馆或书店，或者问问朋友。一旦你找到了正确的文本，你会为之着迷的。”可知，G项“如果你不是一个认真的读者，你可能很难知道从哪里开始”为后句作者提出解决方案所针对的问题。故选G项。Ⅲ．概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。(2019年上海卷)Wherearethebees?Beesareessentialtotheproductionoffoodweeat.Beesmakehoney,buttheyalsopollinatelargeareasofcrops,suchasstrawberries,applesandonions.Aboutathirdofthefoodweeatisaresultofpollinationofthebees.Unfortunately,beeshavebeendisappearingatanalarmingrate.In2006，beekeepersstartedreportingaboutsomethingcalledColonyCollapseDisaster(CCD)．ThemainsignofCCDisthelossofadulthoneybeesfromahive.InOctoberof2006,somebeekeepersreportedthattheyhadlostbetween30and90percentoftheirhives.Thereweremanytheoriesforthedisappearanceofthebees.Butthemostconvincingonehastodowithpesticidesandlifestylesofbeestoday.Nowadays,beekeepersgetmostoftheirincomenotfromproducinghoneybutfromrentingbeestopollinateplants.Thismeansthatthelifeofthetypicalbeenowconsistsoftravellingallaroundthecountrytopollinatecropsastheseasonschange.Thatmeansalotoftravellingontrucks,whichisverystressfultobees.Itisnotunusualforupto30%ofthehivetodieduringtransportduetostress.Inaddition,beesthatspendmostoftheirtimelockedupontrucksarenotexposedtowhattheyusuallyliveon.Instead,theyliveonasweetliquidfromcorn,usuallypollutedwithpesticides.Theexactreasonforthedisappearanceofbeesisnotsure,butlosingbeesisverycostlytothee