动词不定式课件

TheInfinitive动词不定式TheInfinitive动词不定式1动词不定式的构成：(not)to+do(动词原形)动词不定式的构成：(not)to+do(动词原形)2A‘to’-infinitivecanbeusedas…主语（Subject）表语（Predicative）宾语（Object）宾补（Objectcomplement）定语（Attributive）状语（Adverbial）A‘to’-infinitivecanbeused3Ⅰ不定式用作主语Togrowtreesisveryimportant.

Itisveryimportanttogrowtrees.不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语。Ⅰ不定式用作主语Togrowtreesisver4Sayinanotherway,using‘it’.Tolearnfromyourfriendsisimportant.Toleavewithoutsayinggoodbyeisimpolite.TochatwithMissWhiteisapleasantthing.Towalktoschooltakesmetenminutes.Itisimportanttolearnfromyourfriends.Itisimpolitetoleavewithoutsayinggoodbye.ItisapleasantthingtochatwithMissWhite.Ittakesmetenminutestowalktoschool.Sayinanotherway,using‘it’5

Itis+adj.+forsb.todo…≠

sb.is\are+adj.+todo…

Itis+adj.+ofsb.todo…=sb.is\are+adj.+todo…你那样做是有礼貌的。

Itispolite

ofyoutodothat.

=Youarepolite

todothat.

(good,kind,nice,rude,clever,right,silly,thoughtful,brave,selfish…)

(easy,hard,difficult,important,possible,necessary…)Itis+adj.+forsb.todo…6

对他来说，说英语很容易。对我们来说，努力学习是必要的。您能帮助我，真是太好了。

Itiseasy

forhimtospeakEnglish.Itisnecessary

forustostudyhard.

Itis

verykind

of

youtohelpme.Itiseasyforhimtospeak7Ⅱ不定式放在be

动词后面，用作表语

Mydreamis

tobeagoodteacher.Itsworkis

tocleantheroomeveryday.Ⅱ不定式放在be动词后面，用作表语Mydreamis8Completethefollowingsentences.1.Thedoctor’ssuggestion

is______(take)moreexercise.2.Thebestwayis______(talk)toyourparents.3.Hisplanis______________________________(今年夏天到北京旅游).4.Mypurposeis__________________________

(帮你解决这个问题).totaketotalktotraveltoBeijingthissummertohelpyousolvethisproblemCompletethefollowingsentenc9Ⅲ不定式放在及物动词后，用作宾语

Webegin

toreadEnglishat6:30a.m.

Sheforgot

toclosethedoor.常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：

want,plan,hope,wish,learn,decide,wouldlike,begin,start,try,need,forget,choose,prepare,agree,promise,manage,encourage,Ⅲ不定式放在及物动词后，用作宾语Webeginto10Completethefollowingsentences.1.I_______________(希望收到…来信)yousoon.2.John________________(不想当)thehostofthecharityshow.3.They’re____________(试着解决)theproblembyhimself.4.Millionsofpeople_________________(已学会使用)computers.

hopetohearfromdoesn’twanttobetryingtosolvehavelearnedtouseCompletethefollowingsentenc11think/find/consider+it+adj.+todo动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（ⅰ）

不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式宾语，构成“主语+动词+it+宾补（形容词、名词）+不定式”结构。如：

Ifoundit

necessary

totalktohim

again.Ifound

it

important

tolearnEnglish.think/find/consider+it+ad12动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（ⅱ）有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同：

forgettodosth.忘记要做某事

forgetdoingsth.忘记曾经做过某事

stoptodosth.停下来去做某事

stopdoingsth.停止做某事

goontodosth.继续做另一件事

goondoingsth.继续做原来在做的事needtodosth.需要做某事needdoingsth.需要被做动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（ⅱ）有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，131.别忘了离开时把灯关了。

Don’tforget

beforeleaving.2.父亲必须戒烟了。

Fathermuststop.3.他看完电视后，继续看了一会书。

AfterhewatchedTV,hewenton

forawhile.4.这辆自行车需要修理了。Thisbikeneeds__________________________.toturnoffthelightssmokingtoreadrepairing/mendingtoturnoffthelightssmokingt14

Ⅳ不定式用作宾语补足语Sheaskedmenot

towatchTV.

Lucytoldhimnot

tocry.

Tellhertoturnitdown.ask,tell,want,need,wish,warn,advise,encourage,invite,expect,teach,wouldlike,…

hopesb.todosth.wishⅣ不定式用作宾语补足语Sheaskedmenott15Completethefollowingsentences.1.MrLu_________________(要求我们交)ourhomeworkontime.2.Thedoctor________________________(建议格林先生喝)morewater.3.MrWu___________________________(叫学生别嚷嚷)inclass.4.MrsRead_____________________(希望儿子学)Englishwell.asksustohandin

advisedMrGreentodrinktellsthestudentsnottoshout

wisheshersontolearnCompletethefollowingsentenc16四看三使

二听一感觉:feel

☆不定式作宾补省去to

的情况(在被动语态中则to不能省掉)help可带to，也可不带tohelpsb(to)dosthhearlistentoletmakehaveseewatchlookatnotice四看三使二听一感觉:feel☆不定式作宾补省去t17hadbetterdosth./notdosth.Whynotdosth…?Wouldyoupleasedosth.?Wouldratherdothandosth.☆不定式作宾补省去to的情况

(在被动语态中则to不能省掉)hadbetterdosth./notdosth.181.Johnwasmade

thecarforaweekasapunishmentA.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing2.Thepatientwaswarned

foodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating3.Internetbarsmustn’tletanybody

badthings,especiallychildren.A.watchB.towatchC.watchingD.watchesACAExercises:1.Johnwasmadetheca19感官动词(feel,listento,hear,see,watch,lookat,notice)后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补，也可跟v-ing作宾补.前者表示动作的全部过程已结束；后者表示动作正在进行。

Ioftenhearhersinginthenextroom.Iheardhersinginginherroomjustnow.感官动词(feel,listento,he20

Ⅴ不定式用作定语ⅰ不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面。

Wehavealotofhomework

todo.ⅱ如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词.Heislookingforaroom

tolivein.Thereisnothing

toworryabout.ⅲsomething,anything,nothing…+adj.+todoIhavesomething

interesting

totellyou.Ⅴ不定式用作定语ⅱ如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,ⅲsom21Findtheto-infinitiveineachsentence.1.MrWuisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.2.Thereisnoneedtotroublehim.3.Haveyougotanythingimportanttotellme?4.I’vegotnothingtoworryabout.5.I’mthirsty.Givemesomethingtodrink.6.Springisthebestseasontoplanttrees.7.Weallhaveachancetogotocollege.Findtheto-infinitiveineach22Ⅵ不定式用作状语1.cometodosth.2.gotodosth.3.stoptodosth.4.inorder(not)todo5.too+adj.+todosth.6.adj.\adv.+enoughtodosth.Ⅵ不定式用作状语1.cometodosth.23

Completesomesentences:1、_________________________________(为了提高英语成绩),TomgoestotheEnglishcornereveryday.2、Iwas__________________________(太累了，难于入睡。)

3、Sheranfast

_______________________(为了赶上早班车).4、Heis____________________________(富有得可以买辆小汽车).InordertoimprovehisEnglish

tootiredtofallasleep.tocatchthefirstbus

richenoughtobuyacar.Completesomesentences:Inor24

疑问词+不定式不定式与疑问词who,which,when,how,what,where等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。☆在与why连用时，只用于why或whynot开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。

Whynothavearest?疑问词+不定式不定式与疑问词who,w25Completethefollowingsentences.1.Hedidn’tknow

.(说什么)。2.

isveryimportant.(如何解决这个问题)3.Myquestionis

.(什么时候开始)。4.Pleaseshowus

.(如何使用计算机)5.Idon’tknow

foryou．(买什么东西).whattosayHowtosolvetheproblem

whentostarthowtousethecomputerwhattobuyCompletethefollowingsentenc26用作介词的to

(to+名词/动名词)

lookforwardtohearingfromyoubeusedtogettingupearlydevotehimselftohelpingpoorchildren

payattentiontoyourspellingpreferwatchingTVtodoinghomework…用作介词的to

(to+名词/动名词)

lookfo27Completethefollowingsentences.1.Wealllookforwardto

(hear)thegoodnews.2.He

.(宁愿呆在家里也不愿去看电影)3.YinXuemeidevotedallherlifeto

.(teach)4.Father

(习惯于看报)aftersupper.5.Ifsomeonelaughsatyou,youshould.(不理睬)hearingprefersstayingathometogoingtothecinemateachingisusedtoreadingnewspaperspaynoattentiontohimCompletethefollowingsentenc28It’stimetodosth.Ittakestime\moneytodosth.…betoo+adj.+todosth.…be+adj.+enough+todosth.hadbetter+(not)dosth.Whynotdosth.?…prefer+A/doingA+to+B/doingB…prefertodosth.…wouldratherdoAthan(do)B…wouldrather(not)dosth.Will\Wouldyouplease(not)dosth.?bereadytodosth.13.beafraidtodosth.14.It's+adj.+(for/ofsb.)todosth.15.I’dlike/lovetodosth.固定句It’stimetodosth.固29ExercisesExer