让步状语从句

授课内容提纲：1.复习U4单词，不规则动词。2.U5语法讲解，练习巩固。3.中考链接4.一些易混淆的语法讲解，相应的练习题。5.练习巩固提升一、语法讲解让步状语从句though/although“尽管……即使……”连接词：although（尽管）,though（尽管）,however（无论怎样）,whatever（无论什么）,whoever（无论谁）,whomever（无论谁）,whichever（无论哪个）,whenever（无论何时）,wherever（无论哪里）,whether（是否）,nomatter(who,what,where,when,etc)（无论……）,evenif（即使）,eventhough（即使）等。注意：当有though,although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是though和yet可连用.这两个连词意思大致相同，在一般情况下可以互换使用。在口语中，though较常使用，although比though正式，Althoughit'sraining,theyarestillworkinginthefield.虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。Although/Thoughhewaswornout,(still)hekeptonworking.Thoughthesorebehealed,yetascarmayremain.伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。（谚语）Although/Thoughheisveryold,(yet)heisquitestrong.Heisveryold,buthestillworksveryhard.虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。值得注意的是，although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多，though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。例如：Shepassedtheexaminationthoughshehadnotstudiedveryhard.()1.___sheisyoung,sheknowsquitealot.A.WhenB.HoweverC.AlthoughD.Unlesseverif/eventhough即使We’llmakeatripevenif/thoughtheweatherisbad.whether...or...表示“不论是否……”，“不管是……还是……”之意You'llhavetoattendtheceremonywhetheryou'refreeorbusy.Whetheryoubelieveitornot,it'strue.“nomatter+疑问词”或“疑问词-ever”的含义为“……都……；不管……都……”，它们引导的让步状语从句可以互换。例如：Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.(=Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.)Nomatterwhoyouare,youmustkeepthelaw.(=Whoeveryouare,youmustkeepthelaw.()1.—Youboughtthecarabouttenyearsago?—Yes.______it’sold,itstillrunswell.A.BecauseB.SinceC.AlthoughD.But()2._____wegavehimsomethingtoeat,hewouldsaveitupforhislittlesister.A.WhateverB.HoweverC.WheneverD.Whichever()3.Thoughitrainedheavilyyesterday,____hegottoschoolontime.AbutB/Cand()4.Aliceisagoodstudent._____,shehasoneshortcoming.A.althouguB.asC.howeverD.evenif()5.Maryspendsalotofmoneyonclothes_______herfamilyisnotrich.A.becauseB.thouguC.ifD.so()6._____difficultthetaskmaybe,wewilltryourbesttofinishit.A.NomatterB.NowonderC.ThoughD.However中考链接：()1.____it’sdifficulttomakeherdreamcometrue,shenevergivesup.A.ThoughB.UnlessC.BecauseD.If()2.______theymaynotsucceed,theywilltrytheirbest.A.ThoughB.WhenC.BecauseD.Unless()3._______Harryisonly10yearsold,________heknowsmoreaboutsciencethanhisbrother.A.Though；/B.Though；butC.Though；because()4._______wellyoudrive,youmustdrivecarefully.A.NomatterwhereB.InorderthatC.NomatterhowD.Assoonas()5.______hamburgersarejunkfood,manychildrenlikethem.A.IfB.UnlessC.BecauseD.Although()6.MybrotherandIlookdifferent________wearetwins.A.unlessB.asC.thoughD.because一些易混淆的语法讲解:1.四个花费：spend，cost，take和pay的区别(1)spendtime／moneyonsth.在……上花费时间/金钱例：Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem.spendtime／money(in)doingsth.花费时间(金钱)做某事。例：Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.spendmoneyforsth.花钱买……例：Hismoneywasspentforbooks.他的钱用来买书了。(2)sth.costs(sb.)＋金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。例：Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(3)take后面常跟双宾语Ittakessb.＋时间＋todosth.做某事花了某人多少时间。例：Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.(4)pay的基本用法是：pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付钱(给某人)买……。例：Ihavetopaythem20dollarsforthisroomeachmonth.payforsth.付……的钱。例：Ihavetopayforthebooklost.payforsb.替某人付钱。例：Don’tworry!I'llpayforyou.necessaryeffort.Thekingheardthemusicfromhiswindow,andcalledthegirltothepalace.Whenthekingsawthatshewasplayinghisoldharp,hewasfilled__9__joy.Atthatmomenthemadethegirlhisownprivate__10__,givingherandherfamilymanyriches.()1.A.offerB.offersC.offeredD.hasoffered()2.A.whenB.beforeC.ifD.because()3.A.anotherB.otherC.othersD.theother()4.A.usedB.usingC.uselessD.uselessness()5.A.lateB.latelyC.latestD.later()6.A.playedB.toplayC.playingD.toplaying()7.A.soB.andC.orD.but()8.A.aB.anC.theD./()9.A.inB.ofC.byD.with()10.A.musicB.musicalC.musicianD.musically完型填空KiermanwasborninSydney,Australia,andgrewupnearthesea.Formorethan40years,heracedininternationalsailingcompetitions.In1987,Kiermanwascompetinginanaround-the-worldracewhenhebeganto__1__thehugeamountofrubbishintheworld’soceans.WhenhereturnedtoAustralia,he__2___todosomethingaboutit.Heorganizedacommunity__3__called“CleanUpSydneyHarbour.”OnSunday,January8,1989,morethan40,000volunteerscameoutto__4__awayrubbish.Thenextyear,Kiermanmadetheclean-upanationalevent.Itwasahuge__5__.AcrossAustralia,about300,000peoplespentthedayimprovingtheirlocal__6___.Sincethen,“CleanUpAustralia”hasgot__7__everyyear.In2002,forexample,800,000peoplecleanedupalmost15,000tonsofrubbishfromAustralia’sbeaches,parksandstreets.Kiermanwas__8___withthesuccessofhisproject.In2003,hestartedanevenbiggerprogram.Withthe__9__oftheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram,heintroduced“CleanUptheWorld”,aninternationalprogramthatsupportscommunitiesaroundtheworldincleaningupandprotectingtheenvironment.“CleanUptheWorld”hasgrown__10__andhiswonderfulideahasnowspreadfromonecitytothewholeworld.()1.A.saveB.collectC.noticeD.produce()2.A.refusedB.decidedC.pretendedD.stopped()3.A.lawB.partyC.companyD.event()4.A.clearB.sendC.turnD.give()5.A.problemB.successC.surpriseD.failure()6.A.cultureB.projectC.governmentD.environment()7.A.olderB.smallerC.biggerD.faster()8.A.happyB.angryC.disappointedD.concerned()9.A.needB.helpC.hopeD.action()10.A.loudlyB.gentlyC.rapidlyD.busily阅读理解Mostofusprobablylivewithoutvegetables,butaworldwithoutchocolate?Nowthatwouldbehard!Accordingtochocolatemakersitcouldhappenifwedon’tactsoon.Therearetwomaincausesofthechocolateshortage---chocolate’sgrowingpopularityandlessproductionofcocoa,theplantfromwhichchocolateismade.WithmoreandmorepeopleinIndiaandChinalovingchocolate,notmuchcanbedoneaboutthefirstcause.Therefore,theonlythingwecandoistoincreasecocoaproduction.However,newplantdiseasesandlittleraininIvoryCoastandGhana,theworld’slargestproducers,havereducedcocoaproductionby40percentinthepast10years.What’sworse,manycocoafarmersinAfricaandothercocoa-producingcountrieslikeIndonesiaandVenezuelaarechangingtoeasier-to-growcropssuchascornorrubber.Thisway,thefarmerscanmakemoremoney.Topreventmorefarmersfromchanging,researchersatthenewlyopenedInternationalCocoaControlCentre,intheUK,aretryingtocreatenewcocoaplantsthatarestrongerandfastergrowing.Butfirsttheymustmakesurethenewplantsaresafetogrow.Thistakesalongtime.First,eachnewplantisstoredattheControlCentreforsixmonthstomakesureitishealthy.ItisthenplantedintheCentre’sfields,studiedandtestedforanothertwoyears.Onlyafterscientistsarecertainthatthey’redisease-free,willtheplantsbesenttofarmersinWestAfricaorwhereverelsetheyareneeded.Tocreatenewstrongertypesofcocoa,scientistsattheCentrearecombiningthebestpartsfromdifferentcocoaplants.Thoughtheworldisfacingaseriouschocolateshortage,thereisnowhope!()1.Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat______.A.chocolateishealthierthanvegetablesB.theworldcouldsoonbewithoutchocolateC.peoplelovevegetablesmorethan