高考英语总复习-Unit-1-Cultural-relics课件-新人教版必修2

范文背诵：TheTajMahalisconsideredtobeoneofthegreatwondersoftheworld.Itwasdesignedbyalocalarchitectinafancystyle.TheTajMahal,decoratedwithmanyjewelsandjewelry,wasbuiltinmemoryofoneoftheking'swives,whichcostthebestartistsmorethan22yearstocomplete.ThereisnodoubtthattheTajMahalisthefinestexampleofthelatestyleofIndianarchitecture.It'saplacethatisworthvisiting.泰姬陵(TheTajMahal)被认为是世界上的伟大奇观之一。它是由当地的一个建筑师设计，风格奇特。陵内由很多珠宝首饰装饰着，它是国王为了纪念他其中一个妃子而建造的，一共花了当时最优秀的工匠22年时间才完成。毫无疑问，泰姬陵是印度后建筑风格的典范。它是一个值得参观的地方。1．designvt.设计；计划；构思；n.设计；图案；构思→bedesigned________...为……而设计/打算的→________design故意地；有计划地Ⅰ.词汇与拓展for

by2．fancyadj.奇特的；异样的；vt.想象；设想；爱好→fancy________sth.想要做某事3．decoratev．装饰；装修→decoratesth.________...用……装饰……4．belongvi.属于；为……的一员→belong________属于5．removevt.移动；搬开→remove...________...从……移开；拿走……；从……机构开除……doingwithtofrom6．doubtn．疑惑；怀疑；vt.怀疑；不信→________________doubt...……毫无疑问；无疑→_______________doubt毫无疑问；的确7．trialn．审判；审讯；试验→________trial受审8．debaten.&vi.争论；辩论→________debate正在辩论中→debate_____________sth.争论某事(Thereis)noonunderwithout/beyondabout/on/upon1．rareadj.稀罕的；珍贵的；稀有的→________adv.很少；不常2．valuableadj.贵重的；有价值的→________n．价值；值钱；vi.评价；估价3．survivevi.幸免；幸存；生还→________n．幸存者→________n．幸存rarelyvaluesurvivorsurvival4．amazevt.使吃惊；惊讶→________adj.令人吃惊的→________adj.(感到)惊讶的；吃惊的5．receptionn．接待；接收；招待会→________v．接受；招待；收听6．woodenadj.木制的→________n．木头7．evidencen．根据；证据→________adj.清楚的；显而易见的；显然的amazingamazedreceivewoodevident8．entrancen．入口→________vt.进入9．informaladj.非正式的→________adj.正式的enterformalThecastleofthatdynastywasdesignedinafancy

style.Onepalacewasdecoratedwithcarefullyselected

valuableandrare

jewelsandithadabeautifulentrance.Toouramazement，itsurvivedagreatexplosiononce，whichisevidentlyindoubt.根据句意用框中所给词的适当形式填空worth,evidence,fancy,survive,design,debate,decorate,select,remove,valuable1.Therewasnotenough________toprovethathehadstolenthewallet.2．Whohasbeen________totakepartinthefootballmatch?3．Thescientistshavemadea________discovery.4．They________whethertheoldbuildingshouldbepulleddownornot.5．Itwasnotuntilhe________hissunglassesthatIrecognizedhim.6．Hiscarfellintoadeepvalley.Luckilyhe________theaccident.7．Theyaretoo________；Iprefertheplainones.8．Thebuildinghasbeenespecially_______toprovideeasyaccessforpeopleinwheelchairs.9．Thebookisexcellent,whichis_______readingasecondtime.10．Wewerebusy__________thehouseforChristmas.【答案】1.evidence2.selected3.valuable4．debated5.removed6.survived7.fancy8．designed9.worth10.decorating翻译下列必背短语1．用……装饰_____________________2．处于交战状态________________3．少于________________4．调查；朝里面/深处看_____________5．属于________________6．而不是________________Ⅱ.短语与运用bedecoratedwith(be)atwarlessthanlookintobelongtoratherthan7．寻找________________________8．作为报答；作为回报_______________________9．看重；器重________________10．拆开；拆散________________insearchofinreturn(for)thinkhighlyoftakeapart【活学活用】根据括号里的解释，用恰当的短语完成下列句子。1．It'ssillytogooutinsuchaburningday.I'llstayhome____________gooutforwalk.(insteadof)2．Evenunderthebestcondition,wecouldn'tfinishitin______________threedays.(nomorethan)3．Agroupoftenpeoplewassetupto________theseriousproblemofwaterpollutioninthatarea.(toexamine)4．Asatopstudentinhisclass，Tomisalways_________byboththeteachersandstudents.(tohaveagoodopinionof)5．CanItreatyoutoaChinesebuffet________yourgreathelpofmyeditionwork？(asaresponse/thankto)【答案】1.ratherthan2.lessthan3.lookinto4．thoughthighlyof5.inreturnforAsurviveBA比B活得长survivesth.幸免于……；从……中活过来surviveon...靠……存活下来1．survive

v．幸存，活下来；保存下来；设法对付注意(1)survive本身已表示“幸存；幸免于”，因而不要加多余的in或from。(2)当survive意为“比……多活多长时间”时，用“AsurviveBby＋时间”结构表示。Tomsurvivedhisfriendbytenyearsafterthewar.战后，汤姆比他的朋友多活了十年。完成句子Mr.Greenwastheonly(1)________(幸存者)who(2)________________________(在地震中幸存)．Hetoldushe(3)________________(靠……生存)abottleofmineralwater.Everyonesaidhis(4)________(幸存)wasawonder.【答案】(1)survivor(2)survivedtheearthquake(3)survivedon(4)survivalbeworth＋n.值……(仅限于少数表示钱数或某种代价的比喻性名词)be(well)worthdoingsth.(很)值得做某事beworthwhiletodo/doingsth.值得做某事It'sworthwhiletodo/doingsth.做某事是值得的beworthyofsth./ofbeingdone/tobedone值得(做)某事2．worth

prep.值得的；相当于……的价值；n.价值；作用；adj.值钱的注意worthy可作前置定语，表示“有价值的；可敬的”，而worth不能。Jacquelinemayhavebeenhiredforhernameandforhersocialrelations，butshesoonprovedherworth.人们雇用杰奎琳时，可能是因为她的名气和社会关系，但是她很快就证明了自己的价值。完成句子Thefactoryisworth________.＝Thefactoryisworthyofavisit.＝Thefactoryisworthyof______________.＝Thefactoryisworthytobevisited.＝It'sworthwhile_________thefactory.这家工厂值得参观。【答案】visiting；beingvisited；tovisit/visitingbydesign＝onpurpose故意havedesignson/uponsth.(money/life)图谋(钱、生命等)bedesignedfor...为……设计bedesignedtodo.../as...为某目的或用途而制造或设计3．design

vt.设计；构思；计划；n.设计；构思；图案TheWinnersClubisabankaccountspeciallydesignedforteenagers.优胜者俱乐部是一种专门针对青少年开设的银行账户。完成句子(1)Doyouthinkthetrafficaccidentwascausedbyaccidentor______________(有意)?(2)Theexperiment_________________(为了测试而设计)thenewdrug.【答案】(1)bydesign(2)isdesignedtotestinone'ssearchfor寻找searchsth./sb.搜查某物或搜身search________sb./sth.搜寻某人或某物searchsb./sth.forsb./sth.为了搜寻某人/某物而搜查某人/某物4．insearchof寻找注意在searchsb./sth.forsb./sth.短语中，for后面接的是寻找的人或物。在insearch短语中，若search前有限定词，后面用介词for；若无限定词，后面用介词of。Theystartedoffatonceinsearchofthemissinggirl.他们立即出发，寻找失踪的女孩。完成句子(1)Thepoliceman________toseewhathehadinhispockets.警察搜查小偷，看他口袋里有什么东西。(2)Heis_____________themissingwallet.他在寻找那个丢失的钱包。【答案】for(1)searchedthethief(2)searchingforbelongto中to为介词，后接名词的普通格，不接所有格；后接代词时用宾格，不用名词性物主代词。belongto无被动语态，无进行时。________n．所有物；财产5．belongto属于；是……的成员Thecomputerbelongingtothemisunderrepair.属于他们的电脑正在维修。用belongto的适当形式填空(1)He________________thenewclubnow.(2)Chinaisacountry______________thethirdworld.【答案】belongings(1)belongsto(2)belongingto________...apart分清；区别；辨别apartfrom...除……以外fallapart崩溃6．takeapart拆开；拆卸Thenherhusbandlosthisjob，andtheplanfellapart.接着，她丈夫失去了工作，计划崩溃了。用以上短语填空(1)________thewatch________andseeifyoucanseewhat'swrongwithit.(2)________________beingtoolarge，itjustdoesn'tsuitme.【答案】tell(1)Take；apart(2)Apartfromthinkwell/muchof...对……评价很高thinkbadly/little/ill/lightlyof...对……评价很低thinknothingof...轻视；认为……无所谓speakhighlyof...高度赞扬……speakwell/illof...说……好/坏singthepraisesofsb.＝sing________高度赞扬某人7．thinkhighlyof看重；器重；高度评价注意当thinkhighly/well/muchof用于被动结构时，副词置于thought之前，即构成behighly/well/muchthoughtof。Weallthinkveryhighly/well/muchofher.我们都非常看重她。单句改错(1)Hethinkseverythingofwalkingfourmilestoworkandbackeveryday.(2)Igavehimsomegoodadvice，buthethoughtlittleaboutit.【答案】sb.'spraises(1)everything改为nothing(2)about改为of1．FrederickWilliamⅠ，theKingofPrussia，couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。句式提取：情态动词＋havedone情态动词＋havedone表对过去情况的推测与估计：(1)couldhavedonesth.本来能做某事(过去本来能做而未做)(2)shouldhavedonesth.本应该做某事(过去本应该做而未做)(3)must＋havedonesth.一定做了某事(对过去发生的事情的肯定推测)(4)needn'thavedonesth.本来不必做某事(过去不必做却做了)(5)might/mayhavedonesth.可能做了某事(过去可能做了某事，可能性小)句式仿写(1)你昨天就该做完作业。You________________yourhomeworkyesterday.(2)任何人都可以完成这项工作，但就是没人去做。Anybody__________it，butnobodydidit.【答案】(1)shouldhavefinished(2)couldhavedone2．Later，CatherineⅡhadtheAmberRoommovedtoapalaceoutsideStPetersburgwhereshespenthersummers.后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。句式提取：havesth.done此结构中过去分词在句中作宾语补足语，表示被动的含义。用括号内单词的正确形式填空(1)Shehadherarm________(break)inthematch.(2)Wehaveourhouse________(decorate)everyyear.【答案】(1)broken(2)decorated3．ThereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforKönigsberg，...毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，……句式提取：Thereisnodoubtthat...Idon'tdoubtthat...我确信……Idoubtwhether/if...我怀疑……indoubt不肯定，不确定________doubt无疑，确定句式仿写(1)我不能肯定她是否会同意这点。I'mdoubtful_______________thispoint.(2)我怀疑我们是否能从此事中获利。____________________wewillmakeaprofitoutofit.【答案】without(1)whethershewillagreeon(2)Idoubtif/whetherThisgiftwastheAmberRoom，whichwasgiventhisnamebecauseseveraltonsofamberwereusedtomakeit.这份礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这样的命名，是因为它是由好几吨琥珀做成的。分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是ThisgiftwastheAmberRoom，which引导的非限制性定语从句补充说明主句中的表语theAmberRoom，在定语从句中，还包含一个because引导的原因状语从句。Shewasverypatienttowardsthechildren，whichherhusbandseldomwas.她对孩子很有耐心，而她的丈夫却很少有耐心。句子翻译Economicsdealswiththisproblemthroughtheconceptofopportunitycost,whichsimplyreferstowhethersomeone'stimeormoneycouldbebetterspentonsomethingelse.(2014江苏)____________________________________【答案】经济学通过机会成本这个概念来处理这个问题，简单地说，它指的是某人的时间或者金钱是否可以更好地被利用在其他的事情上。Ⅰ.语法填空动词变化【技巧点拨】only后接现在分词或不定式都可表示结果，但onlydoing是一般用语，onlytodo则表示意想不到的结果。动词、介词后面要求接名词或动名词作宾语，如果所给动词后有宾语，则将所给动词变为动名词，如果所给动词后无宾语，则将所给动词变为名词。1．Jackwentswimminginthelake，only________(have)greatfunwithhisfellows.2．JackhurriedtoTom'shome，only________(find)Tomwasoutandthedoorwaslocked.3．Hewasgoodat________(persuade)otherstogiveuptheirideas.4．Theyjuststoodthereandstaredatthestrangersin________(amaze)．解析1.having单纯表结果。2．tofind表示这种结果是Jack意想不到的。3．persuading因空前有介词，后有宾语others，故应填动名词。4．amazement因空前有介词，后无宾语，故应填名词amazement。【活学活用】(一)用所给动词的适当形式填空1．Sheturnedupthedriveway，only________(find)herwayblocked.2．Computersarewidelyusedfor____________(explore)，includingfor________(explore)space.3．Herhusbanddied，only________(leave)herdebts.4.Theboygrewupdaybyday，only_____(become)strongerandhealthier.5．Mikewentswimmingwithhisclassmates，only__________(drown)．【答案】1.tofind2.exploration;exploring3．leaving4.becoming5.tobedrowned(二)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。AnoldmanwholivedinasmallstreetinthecityofMumbaihadtoputupwiththenuisance(烦心事)of1.______(have)boysplaycricket(板球)outsidehishouseatnight.Oneeveningwhentheboyswere2.______(particular)noisy,hewentouttotalktothem.Heexplainedthatthe_3.______(happy)timethesedayswaswhenhecouldseeorhearboysplayinghisfavoritegame,cricket.Hesaidhewouldgivethem25rupeeseachweektoplayinthestreetatnight.Theboys_4.______(thrill).Theywerebeingpaidtodosomethingtheyenjoyed!_5.______theendofthefirstweektheyknockedattheoldman'sdoorandaskedhimtopayforit,andsohe_6.______.Thesecondweekwhentheyaskedfor_7.______(pay),hesaidhehadrunourofmoneyandsentthemawaywithonly15rupees.Thethirdweekthemansaidhehadnotreceivedhispension(养老金),only_8.______(give)themonly10rupees.Theboyswereverydisappointed，buttherewasnotmuchtheycoulddoaboutit.Thefourthweekthemansaidhecouldnotaffordtopaythem25rupees_9.______hehadpromised,butwouldgivethem5rupeeseachweekwithoutfail.Thiswastoomuchfortheboys.“Youexpectus_10.______(play)sevendaysaweekforamerely5rupees！”theyyelled.“Gotoblazes.”Theystormedawayandneverplayedonthestreetagain.【答案与解析】1．having【解析】在介词of后要用动名词作宾语，故have要用动名词形式。2．particularly【解析】修饰形容词noisy要用particular的副词形式。3．happiest【解析】形容词最高级作定语，表示最近这些天最高兴的时刻。4．werethrilled【解析】bethrilled“高兴”。这些孩子们可以做自己喜欢做的事情，而且还有人为这件事付钱，他们当然高兴了。5．At【解析】attheendof，固定短语，“在……末尾”。6．did【解析】根据句意：他们敲开老人的门，让他付钱，他确实这么做了(付钱了)。某人确实做了某事：sosb.＋助动词。因句子是一般过去时，故用助动词did。7．payment【解析】介词后用名词作宾语。8．togive【解析】onlytodo表示出乎意料的结果；doing表示意料之中的结果。9．as【解析】引导方式状语从句：不能像之前所许诺的那样给他们付钱。10．toplay【解析】期望某人做某事：expectsb.todosth.;故此处用play的不定式形式。Arecital__1__Ihadtopracticeaboringpieceofmusicandperformbeforestrangers.EachyearI__2__askmyfatherifIcouldskiptherecital“justthisonce”.Andeachyearhe'dshakehishead,muttering(嘀咕)__3__aboutbuildingself­confidenceandworkingtowardsa__4__.Soitwaswithreallygreat__5__thatIstoodinchurchonerecentSunday,videocamerainhand,and__6__my68­year­oldfathersweatinginhisshirt__7__risingtoplaythepianoinhisveryfirstrecital.Myfatherhadlongedtoplaymusicsincechildhood,buthisfamilywaspoorandcouldn't__8__lessons.Hecouldhavegoneonregrettingit，__9__toomanyofusdo.Butthoughhewasrootedinhispast,hewasn't__10__there.Whenheretiredthreeyearsago,he__11__hischurchmusicdirectortotakehimasastudent.Foramomentaftermyfathersatdownatthekeyboard,he__12__stareddownathisfingers.Hasheforgottenthe__13__？Iworried,rememberingthosesplitseconds__14__agowhenmymindwouldgoblankandmyfingerswould__15__.Butthencamethebeautifulmelody(旋律)，fromthe__16__fingersthatoncebaited(装饵于)myfishinglines.AndI__17__hehadbeendoingwhatmusicteachersalwaysstress：__18__hemusicandpretendtheothersaren'tthere.“I'm__19__ofhimforstartingsomethingnewathisage，”IsaidtomysonJeff.“Yeah,anddoingitso__20__，”Jeffadded.Withhisfirstrecital,myfathertaughtmemoreaboutcourageanddeterminationthanallthewordsheusedthose30­plusyearsago.(2014福建卷)1．A．reflected B．explainedC．meant D．proved2．A．would B．couldC．might D．should3．A．nothing B．everythingC．anything D．something4．A．goal B．stageC．journey D．chance5．A．trouble B．satisfactionC．strength D．disappointment6．A．kept B．sentC．watched D．felt7．A．through B．fromC．against D．before8．A．miss B．affordC．select D．understand9．A．as B．onceC．if D．while10．A．educated B．protectedC．stuck D．spoilt11．A．allowed B．invitedC．inspired D．persuaded12．A．roughly B．simplyC．merrily D．curiously13．A．words B．videosC．notes D．lessons14．A．decades B．weeksC．hours D．moments15．A．play B．freezeC．click D．adjust16．A．same B．warmC．different D．dirty17．A．predicted B．realizedC．imagined D．insisted18．A．passover B．turnupC．bringin D．concentrateon19．A．ashamed B．awareC．tired D．proud20．A．casually B．anxiouslyC．nicely D．frequently【答案与解析】【文章大意】我的父亲小时候因为家境贫穷无法学习钢琴，但是他没有放弃梦想。在退休以后开始学习钢琴，并在演奏会上有很精彩的表现。1．C【解析】A意为反射；反映；B解释；C意味着；D证明；从我2年级开始，就一直有一件事情让我很害怕：独奏演唱会；独奏演唱会意味着我要在很多陌生人前面弹奏一首乏味的乐曲。2.A【解析】A意为会，过去常常；B能够；C也许；D应该；每年我都请求爸爸我是否可以不参加这一次的独奏演唱会，但是每年爸爸都拒绝我的要求。本句中的would表示过去常常请求爸爸。3.D【解析】A意为没有事情；B所有事情；C任何事情；D一些事情；当我请求的时候，他总是嘀咕着一些话，如要有自信，要朝着目标而努力等等。这些都是爸爸嘀咕的一些话。4.A【解析】A意为目标；B舞台，阶段；C旅途；D机会；本句是父亲拒绝我的请求时所提出的理由，要求我朝着目标进行努力，不要放弃每一次锻炼的机会。5.B【解析】A意为麻烦事；B满意；C力气，优点；D失望；根据下文可知这次是爸爸进行独奏演唱会，对于爸爸在台上因紧张儿流汗，我很高兴。他也体会到我小时候的情况，所以本题B项符合上下文。6.C【解析】A意为保持；B派，送；C观看，注视；D感觉；看着68岁的父亲在站起来弹钢琴之前流汗，我感觉很满意，因为他也体会到我当年的心情了。7.D【解析】A意为通过；B来自……；C违背，与……相反；逆着……；D在……之前；在正式演奏之前，表演的人通常都要起立向观众示意。本句表示父亲在站起来弹钢琴之前流汗。8.B【解析】A意为错过，思念；B承受得起，买得起；C精选；D理解；我父亲从小就想学习钢琴，但是他家很穷，承担不起钢琴课的费用，所以他一直没有实现自己学习钢琴的愿望。9.A【解析】A意为正如，因为；B曾经，一旦；C如果；D当．..时；然而；他本可以继续为自己小时候没有能够学习钢琴而遗憾，正如我们中很多人一样。10.C【解析】A意为教育；B保护；bestuck被困住，被卡住；D惯坏的；虽然父亲小时后没有学习钢琴，但是他一直都梦想着自己能够学习，没有被卡在这一点上，在退休以后实现了自己的梦想。11.D【解析】A意为允许；B邀请；C鼓励；D说服；退休以后他说服了教堂里的音乐老师收他为学生，开始学习钢琴。根据上文可知他参加演奏会，说明他参加了钢琴的学习。12.B【解析】A意为大概地；B仅仅，只是；C快乐地，愉快地；D好奇地；他坐到钢琴前有一会，他只是盯着自己的手指在看，而没有开始弹钢琴。13.C【解析】A意为话；B视频；C笔记，注释；D课程，教训；难道他忘记了自己的音乐乐谱上的注释了吗？本句是作者在猜测父亲为什么会没有开始弹奏。14.A【解析】根据上文可知父亲已经68岁了，19空后“IsaidtomysonJeff.”可知我也有了儿子，我在怀疑他是不是和20年前的我一样在登台表演的时候头脑一片空白？15.B【解析】A意为玩耍，弹奏；B冷冻，僵住；C点击；D调整；我在想他是不是和我表演时一样头脑空白，手指僵硬。什么都弹奏不出来呢？根据上下文串联可知B正确。16.A【解析】A意为同样的；B温暖的；C不同的；D脏的；但是很快，优美的旋律就被那只给我装钓鱼的饵料的同样的手弹奏了出来。17.B【解析】A意为预测；B意识到；C想象；D坚持认为/要求；我突然意识到他在做老师一直要求我们做的事情：把注意力集中到音乐，假装认为别人都不在。只有这样才可以进入忘我的境界，弹奏出美妙的音乐。18．D【解析】A意为忽视，去世；B出现，调高；C介绍，引进；D集中注意力于……；我突然意识到他在做老师一直要求我们做的事情：把注意力集中到音乐，假装认为别人都不在。19.D【解析】A意为羞愧的；B意识到的，知道的；C疲惫的；D自豪的；我为他感到很自豪，在如此大的年龄能够尝试新的事情。20.C【解析】A意为随意地；B焦虑地；C令人满意地，很好地；D频繁地；Jeff说：是的，而且他做得很好。本句是我的儿子对我的父亲的评价。Ⅲ.阅读理解阅读中的猜词技巧经验常识推测法【技巧点拨】有时候，逻辑推理和自身的生活经验及普通常识能帮助我们确定词义。例如：1．Thesnakeslitheredthroughthegrass.解析

要根据有关蛇的生活习性和知识，我们可以推出slither的词义为“爬行”。2．Fishesliveinwaterandhavefinswhichhelpthemtoswim.Mostfisheshaveslimyskinscoveredwithscales，butinfishessuchaseelsthescalesareverysmallandcanhardlybeseen.解析

凭常识我们不难猜出fins，slimy和scales的确切意思分别是“鳍”“滑溜的”和“鳞”，对于eels一词，我们只需知道是fish的一种(鳝鱼类)就行了。3.Notwantingtodisturbthesleepingkitten，Igingerlyliftedherfromtheboxandputheronablanketneartheheater.解析

根据前半句的Notwantingtodisturb(不愿打扰)，我们便可大致推测出gingerly一词的含义：“小心翼翼的”。【活学活用】(一)根据上述方法，猜出下列各句画线单词的意思。1．Themanwalkedbrisklytokeepwarmontheverycoldnight.2．ThedoorwassolowthatIhitmyheadonthelintel.3．Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient，heusuallygivesananaesthetictomakehimunconscious，becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.4．Ifyouarecapableofworkingtwelvehoursadaywithoutarest，andifyoucanengageinphysicalexerciseforhourswithoutseemingtogettired，thenyouareindefatigable.5．Thousandsofpeoplegotstuckinlifts.Butnoonepanicked，wepassedthetimetellingstories.【答案与解析】1．快速地【解析】本句的时间状语为一个寒冷的夜晚，所做的动作为走动(walked)，目的是保暖(tokeepwarm)，因此凭借我们的生活经验得知，人只有在快步走时才会暖和，故可推测出briskly大概是“快速活动”的意思。

2．门框【解析】本句前半句的意思是门太矮了。根据生活经验，不小心会很容易被上面的门框撞到，因此推测lintel为“门框”之意。3．麻醉剂【解析】根据直接或间接的经验，一般具有一点医学常识的人都知道医生在给病人动手术之前，为了减轻病人的痛苦，往往给病人注射麻醉剂使病人失去知觉后再动手术。由此通过上下文就能比较准确地确定anaesthetic一词的大概意思是“麻醉剂”。4．不知疲倦地【解析】根据上下文分析，如果一个人能连续工作12个小时，能进行体育锻炼数小时而不知疲倦，那么，我们就可以作出符合逻辑的推断，这个人一定是一个“不知疲倦的”人。将这个词代入原句中，很合乎逻辑，那么这种推理就是正确的。5．恐慌，害怕【解析】被困在电梯里，一般都会“恐慌，害怕”。(二)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Movinginwithaboyfriendcauseswomentoeatmoreunhealthilyandputonweight.Buttheoppositeistrueformen,whoselongtermhealthbenefitswhentheymoveinwithafemalepartner.DieticiansatNewcastleUniversitysaidbothpartnerstrytopleaseoneanother,andsochangetheirdietaryhabitstosuittheirotherhalf.Itleadsmentoeatmorelightmeals,suchassalads,fruitandvegetables,whilewomenchoosetomakecreamier,heavierdisheslikecurryorrichpastasauces,whichmaypleasetheirpartner.Womenstillhavethestrongestlong­terminfluenceoverthecouple'sdietandlifestyle,astheystillhavethetraditionalroleofshopperandcookinmosthouseholds.Thereport,byNewcastleUniversity'sHumanNutritionResearchCentre,reviewedthefindingofavarietyofresearchprojectsfromtheUK,NorthAmericaandAustralia,whichlookedattheeatingandlifestylehabitsofcouples.Theresearchshowsthatwomenaremorelikelytoputonweightandincreasetheirconsumptionoffoodshighinfatandsugarwhentheymoveinwiththeirpartner.Womenalsousefoodasacomfortwhendealingwithemotionalstressandhavebeenfoundtogainweightwhenarelationshipends,whilethesamefindinghasnotbeenobservedinmen.Manycouplesreportedfoodasbeingcentraltotheirpartnership,andeatingtogetherintheeveningwasparticularlyimportanttomany.ReportauthorandregistereddieticianDr.AmeliaLakesaid,“Theresearchhasshownthatyourpartnerisastronginfluenceonlifestyleandpeoplewhoaretryingtolivehealthierlivesshouldtakethisfactorintoconsideration.”1．Accordingtothepassage,movinginwithagirlfriend,men________.A．havefewchangesoftheirdietaryhabitsB．havetoeatmoreunhealthyfoodsC．don'tlikefoodshighinfatandsugaratallD．trytoeatfoodsthattheirgirlfriendslike2．Theunderlinedword“light”(inParagraph3)probablymeans________.A．notveryheavyB．lessinfatandsugarC．gentleD．notseriousorimportant3．Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat____.A．womenshouldpaymoreattentiontotheirpartner'sinfluenceonthemB．moremenwillplayrolesofshopperandcookinmosthouseholdsC．coupleswillnotchangetheirdietaryhabitsandlifestyletopleasetheirpartnerD．long­termhealthofmenbenefitswhentheymoveinwithafemalepartner4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Don'tbesillyanymore,women!B．Whicharebetterdietaryhabits?C．BoyfriendsmakeyoufatD．Dr.AmeliaLakeandhisstudy【答案与解析】【文章大意】本文是说纽卡斯尔大学的营养学专家的研究表明，同居让女人发胖，让男人更健康。1．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“bothpartnerstrytopleaseoneanother,andsochangetheirdietaryhabitstosuittheirotherhalf”和第三段“whichmaypleasetheirpartner”可知，男女双方会改变自己的饮食习惯来迎合对方，因此男士会吃他的女伴喜欢吃的食物。故选D。2．B【解析】词义猜测题。根据“light”后面所举的例子“suchassalads,fruitandvegetables”可推断，light在此意为“清淡的”，指清淡的食物，即脂肪和糖的含量比较少的食物。故选B。3．A【解析】推理判断题。综观全文，特别是根据最后一段“Theresearchhasshownthatyourpartnerisastronginfluenceonlifestyleandpeoplewhoaretryingtolivehealthierlivesshouldtakethisfactorintoconsideration.”可推断A正确。D项在文中第一段已经明确指出，不是推断。故选A。4．C【解析】主旨大意题。C项幽默风趣，能吸引读者的注意，并切中文章的主题。故选C。Ⅳ.七选五阅读根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。DevelopBetterRelationshipswithNeighborsGoodneighborsarealotlikeelectricityorrunningwater：wedon'tknowhowmuchwedependonthemuntilwedon'thavethem.Theymakeourlivesmorepleasantandgiveusasenseofwhoweare,bothasanindividualandasamemberofthecommunity.Here'showtodevelopyourrelationshipswiththeseveryimportantpeopleinyourlife.1．________Oftenneighborsdon'tevenknoweachother'snames.Butit'sokaytobetheonetobreaktheice,evenifyou'velivednextdoorforyears.Mostneighborsenjoymakingsmalltalkwiththefolksontheothersideofthefence.Soasyouseethematworkintheiryards,smile,wave,andsayhello.Askhowtheirkidsare(whetherthey'rebabiesorincollege),whethertheycoulduseanextracucumberfromyourgarden,orwhattheythinkofthepriceatthelocalsupermarket.2．________Thesedays,theoldWelcomeWagonisathingofthepast.Butyournewneighborsmaybefeelinglonelyandunsure,especiallyifthey'refarfromhome,andmightappreciateafriendlyfacebearingfresh­bakedchocolatecakes.Iftheyhavekids,tellthemwherethechildrenintheneighborhoodlive.Recommendthebestplacestoeatandsleep.Invitethemoverforcoffeeorteawhentheygetsettled,givethemyournumber,andpointtoyourhouseasyousaygood­bye.3．________Returnanythingthatyouborrowfromaneighbor,suchastools,ingoodrepairandassoonasyou'vefinishedwiththem.Replaceanythingthatbelongstoyourneighborthatyou,yourchildren,oryourpetsbreakorsoil.Makesurethatyourcarisnotblockingtheirdoorway.Suchrandomactsofconsiderationwillhaveyourneighborstalking—andthetalkwillbegood.4．________Ifyouvalueafriendshipwithyourneighbors,spendtimewiththem.Whatbetterwaytomeetyourneighborsthantoinvitethemtoaninformalbarbecue,poolparty,orholidayopenhouse?Betteryet,youmightevenconsiderthrowingaget­togetherintheirhonor.Delivertheinvitationsinpersontoeveryonewholivesonyourstreetandchatwitheachforfiveminutesbeforemovingontothenexthouse.Thisway,youwillgetanideaofwhatyourneighborsarelikesothatyoucanplanforappropriatefoodandmusic.5．________Inagoodrelationship,it'sreallythelittlethingsthatcount.Helptobringinthemailfortheelderlyneighborwhenthereisaheavyrain.Whenyourneighborforgetstotakeinhisrubbishcans,rollthembackintohisyard.Ifyou'retrulyconcerned,you'llknowwhenyourneighborneedssomecheeringup—abunchofflowersorahelpinghandwhenit'sneeded.Allittakestodevelopyourrelationshipwithneighborsistherespectfortheirfeelings.A．Beagoodlistener.B．Careaboutthedetails.C．Strikeupaconversation.D．Maketimeforfriendships.E．Reachouttothenewcomers.F．Avoidcausinginconveniences.G．Havemoreactivitiestogether.(2014浙江卷改编)【答案与解析】1．C【解析】据本段前两句可知“邻居之间甚至都不知道对方的名字，但是打破沉默是很好的”。可知作者建议我们要主动开始与邻居对话，因为沟通是最好的相互理解的方法。所以C项符合本段中心思想。2．E【解析】据本段第二句可得知“新来的邻居可能会感觉到孤单，尤其是当他们远离家人的时候”。可知作者建议我们和他们进行交流。也就是说E项要和新邻居交流符合本段中心思想。3．F【解析】根据本段中的Returnanythingthatyouborrowfromaneighbor(及时归还你向邻居借用的东西)及Makesurethatyourcarisnotblockingtheirdoorway.(不要堵住邻居的路)，都说明本段告诉我们不要给邻居带来不便。4．D【解析】据本段第一句Ifyouvalueafriendshipwithyourneighbors,spendtimewiththem.(如果你珍惜和邻居的友谊，你就应该花时间和邻居在一起)，也就是说本段告诉我们要花时间来维持和邻居的友谊。故D项正确。5．B【解析】据文章第一句Inagoodrelationship,it'sreallythelittlethingsthatcount.(在良好的友谊里，真正重要是那些小事)，接着举例进行了详细说明。也就是说作者建议我们要关注细节小事。故B正确。Ⅴ.写作步步高(一)短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。IwastakingatraintoLondon'sVictoriaStation.Ihadnoticedthatthecarriagewasnoiseandfilledwithpeople.Beforelong,atraininspectorcomestocheckourtickets.Apassengerrealizedhecouldn'tfindhisticketbutbecamequiteupset.Theneveryoneinthecarriagebegansearchingtheticket,whichwaseventuallyfoundunderaseatseveralrowsfromhisowner.Thepersonwhofoundaticketsmiledwithpleasureathissuccess.Nooneinthecarriagehadpreviousspokentoorevennoticedtheticket­ownerbefore.Yet,theyhadsoquicklyofferedthestrangerstheirhelp.Ifwecouldshowconcerntoothersonneed,theworldwouldbeabetterplacetolivein.(2014浙江卷)(二)书面表达句子结构复合句：并列连词的使用由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子叫并列句。并列句的基本句型是：“简单句＋并列连词/连接副词＋简单句”。不同的并列连词或连接副词表示不同的关系。

表示并列(联合)关系：and，both...and...，neither...nor...；not...but，notonly...butalso...，aswellas。表示转折(对比)关系：but，while，yet，however，whereas，nevertheless。表示因果关系：so，for。表示选择关系：or，orelse，otherwise，either...or，ratherthan(而不是)。表示时间关系：when(就在这时突然)【