牛津英语-反义疑问句-初中英语复习-语法复习-初中语法课件

反义疑问句初三英语英文中的反意疑问句一、什么是反意疑问句？英语中，反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。翻译为“是吗”反意疑问句的回答如果情况属实，用Yes加上反问句的倒装肯定句；若果情况不属实，则用No加上反问句的倒装否定句。例如：Youweremovedbyyourstudents,weren’tyou?情况属实：Yes,Iwere.情况不属实：No,Iweren’t.二、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：肯定+否定？否定+肯定？如：1、Youcan’tdoit,canyou?你不能做它，是吗？2、Theyareverylateforthemeeting,aren’tthey?他们开会迟到了，是吗？三、当陈述句中含有be动词，助动词，或是情态动词时，反问句部分由这些词加上主语人称代词构成，Be动词包括：am,is,are,was,were助动词有：do,does,did,have（用在完成时）,has（用在完成时）等情态动词有：can,could,may,might,must,will,would,shall,should例如：Sheisalovelygirl,isn’tshe?她是一个可爱的女孩，是吗？Hewillgohome,won’t

he?他要回家了，是吗？Shedoesn’tliketoeatmeat,does

she?她不喜欢吃肉，是吗？Thebabywon’tsleepearly,willit?小宝宝睡得不早，是吗？附加疑问句部分与谓语不一致的若干情况如下1.

have

(有)改have或do

Mary

has

two

brothers,

doesn’t

she

/

hasn’t

she?

2.

have

(有)必须与陈述部分一致He

hasn’t

a

lot

of

time,

has

he?

Miss

Green

doesn’t

have

any

money

in

her

pocket,

does

she?

3.

have不做“有”解释，必须用do

They

all

have

a

good

time,

don’t

they?

4.

have

to用do或have

We

have

to

get

up

early,

don’t

we

/

haven’t

we?

5.

have

got

to用have

We

have

got

to

answer

all

the

questions,

haven’t

we?

6.

had

better用should或had

We

had

better

go

right

now,

shouldn’t

we

/

hadn’t

we?

7.

can’t（不可能，表示推测）根据can’t或的动词选择相应的形式

He

can’t

be

a

doctor,

is

he?

The

workers

can’t

have

finished

their

work,

have

they?

8.

may

用may

+

主语

+

not

（英语中不用mayn’t）

They

may

be

here

next

week,

may

they

not?

9.

must(必须)

用needn’t

You

must

do

it

today,

needn’t

you?

10.

must(应该)

用mustn’t

I

must

study

hard,

mustn’t

I?

11.

mustn’t用must或may

You

mustn’t

talk

like

that,

must

you?

We

mustn’t

stay

here

any

longer,

must

we?

“must

be”对现在情况进行推测作一般现在时或现在进行时的附加疑问句进行处理

He

must

be

happy,

isn’t

he?

He

must

be

working

hard

at

the

office,

isn’t

he?

must表示推测时，也有用mustn’t的

He

must

have

been

working

very

hard,

mustn’t

he?

You

must

have

told

Mr

Wang

the

secret,

mustn’t

you?

“must

+

完成时”表示对过去情况的推测，作一般过去时附加疑问句处理

He

must

have

come

yesterday,

didn’t

he?

You

must

have

seen

the

play

last

week,

didn’t

you?

need作行为动词，表示需要时，则问句中用助动词He

needs

help,

doesn’t

he?

I

have

never

dared

to

ask

him,

have

I?

need作为情态动词时We

need

not

do

it

again,

need

we?

needn’t

用need或must

You

needn’t

go

yet,

need

you?

He

needn’t

do

that,

must

he?

“

would

rather

+

动词原形”和“would

like

to

+

动词原形”用wouldn’t

He

would

rather

read

the

text

ten

times

than

recite

it,

wouldn’t

he?

You’d

like

to

have

some

bananas,

wouldn’t

you?

“used

to

+

动词原形”

用“didn’t

+

主语”或“usedn’t

+

主语”或“used

+

主语

+

not”

He

used

to

live

in

London,

usedn’t

he

/

didn’t

he?

He

used

to

play

football

when

he

was

a

child

,

used

he

not?

this

或that改it，无论是否指人

This

is

your

brother,

isn’t

it?

these或those改they

Those

are

books

,aren’t

they?

each

of改he或they

Each

of

the

boys

had

an

apple,

didn’t

he

/

they?

no

one,

none,

neither,

either改they

或he

No

one

came,

did

they?

some

of…、none

of

…改it、they或you（联系上下文或句子）

None

of

the

food

was

delicious,

was

it?

Some

of

the

dustmen

have

come

back,

haven’t

they?

由neither…nor…、not

only…but

also、both…and…、either…or…、not…but…、…or…、…and…等连接的并列主语，改复数代词

Neither

you

nor

I

am

wrong,

are

we?

Both

Tom

and

Jack

came,

didn’t

they?

由动词不定式、动名词、从句或词组构成的主语，改it

To

learn

English

well

isn’t

easy,

is

it?

Swimming

is

great

fun,

isn’t

it?

I

wish

to

do

sth或I

wish

I

…改may

I

I

wish

to

go

home,

may

I?

I

wish

I

were

you,

may

I?

主从复合句,与主句的主谓语保持一致

He

says

that

I

did

it,

doesn’t

he?

David

wouldn’t

go

there

if

it

rained,

would

he?

注意：若主句的主语是第一人称I或we，其谓语动词又是think,suppose,expect,believe,imagine，know等，简略问句的主语和谓语一般应与从句一致

并列句,与邻近的分句保持一致

Mary

is

a

nice

girl,

but

she

had

one

short-coming,

hadn’t

she?

四、当陈述句中只含有行为动词时，若动词加了s,就用does,若动词为原形，就用do,动词为过去式，则用did,例如：Youcleanedyourhouselastweek,

didn’t

you?你上周打扫了你的房间，是吗？Yourfatherplaysthecomputerverywell,doesn’

t

he?你父亲电脑技术很好，是吗？Theylooksohappytoday,don’tthey?你今天看起来很高兴，是吗？五．反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little,few,never,hardly,seldom，nobody,nothing,barely,scarcely等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如：①Shenevertellsalie,doesshe?(不用doesn’tshe?)她从不说谎，是吗？②Hewasseldomlate,washe?(不用wasn’the?)他几乎不迟到，是吗？六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为Iam……时，问句部分习惯上用aren’tI？表示。如：Iamaveryhonestman,aren’tI?我是个很诚实的人，是吗？七．陈述部分的主语为指物的不定代词something,anything,nothing,everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如：①Somethingiswrongwiththecomputer,isn’tit?电脑有问题了，是吗？②Nothinghashappenedtothem,hasit?他们什么事也没发生，是吗？八、陈述部分的主语为指人的不定代词somebody(someone),anybody(anyone),nobody(noone),everybody(everyone)时，问句部分的主语用he或they，这时问句动词的数应和he或they一致。如：①Someonehastakentheseat,hasn’the?有人已经坐了位置，是吗？②Everyonehasdonetheirbestinthegame,haven’tthey?每个人在比赛中已经尽力了，是吗？九．陈述部分为祈使句1）若为let’s引导，反问句用shallwe?例如Let’sgohometogether,shallwe?让我们一起回家，好吗？2）若为letus引导和其余的任何一般的否定祈使句，都用willyou,例如Letusstoptorest,willyou?让我们停下休息，好吗？Don’tmakeanynoise,willyou?别弄出噪音，好吗？3）一般的肯定祈使句则用willyou或won’tyou都行，例如：Dositdown,won’tyou?/willyou?请坐，好吗？Youfeedthebirdtoday,willyou?今天你喂鸟，是吗？Pleaseopenthewindow,willyou?(won’tyou?)打开窗，好吗？十：陈述部分为There(Here)+be+主语时，问句部分用动词+there(here)?形式。①Therearetwocakesontheplate,aren’tthere?碟子里有两块蛋糕，是吗？②HereisastoryaboutMarkTwain,isn’there?这是关于马克吐温的故事，是吗？十一、陈述部分由neither…nor,either…or连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定NeitheryounorIamengineer,arewe?我们都不是工程师，对吗？疑问对象是我们。所以用areweNeitheryounorheisright,areyou?你和他都是不对的，是吗？疑问对象是你和他就是你们，所以用areyou练习1.Lindaatenothingthismorning,___?A.didn’tsheB.wassheC.didsheD.wasn’tshe2.There’shardly___milkinthebottle,_____there?A.no,isn’tB.some,isC.little,isn’tD.any,is3.Hehasneverriddenahorsebefore,___?A.doesheB.hasheC.hasn’theD.doesn’the4.—Heseldomcamehere,_____?—Yessir.A.didn’theB.doesheC.doesn’theD.didheCDDB5.Everythingseemsallright,_____?A.doesitB.don’ttheyC.won’titD.doesn’tit6.I

know

you

didn’t

want

to

hurt

me,

_____

?

A.

did

you

B.

didn’t

you

C.

do

I

D.

don’t

I

7.Noonefailedintheexam,_____?A.washeB.didoneC.didtheyD.didn’the8.NeitheryounorIamaartist,_____?A.amIB.aren’tweC.areweD.are’tIDACC9.Hecan’tbeherfather,_____he?A.isB.isn’tC.canD.can’t10.Theyhavenotimetovisitthemuseum,_____?A.dotheyB.haven’ttheyC.don’ttheyD.willthey11.You’dbettergoatonce,_____you?A.hadn’tB.didC.didn’tD.don’t12.You’dratherworkthanplay,_____you?A.hadn’tB.wouldn’tC.didn’tD.mustn’tAAAB13.Youdarenotdothat,_____you?A.don’tB.doC.dareD.daren’t14.Hedislikesthetwosubjects,_____he?A.doesB.doesn’tC.isD.isn’t15.Thesetoolsareuselessnow,_____?A.aretheyB.aren’ttheyC.isitD.isn’tit16.Heusedtogetupat6:30,_____he?A.didn’theB.didheC.usedheD.wouldn’theCBAB18.Let’sgotherebybus,___?A.willyouB.shallweC.don’tyouD.doyou19.Letusgotoplayfootball,___?A.willyouB.shallweC.doweD.areweBA20.Don’tforgettogivePollysomefoodandchangeherwater,___?A.willyouB.shallweC.won’tyouD.doyou21.—Let’sgoshoppingthisafternoon,_____?—Allright.A.willweB.shallweC.don’tweD.areweAB22.—Passmethedictionary,_____?

—Yes,withplea