Unit 4 Space Exploration Period 4 Discovering Useful Structures 不定式作定语和状语课件-2022-2023学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

Unit4SpaceExploration

DiscoveringUsefulStructures

Infinitivesastheattributeandtheadverbial

动词不定式做定语和状语Goals：1.Knowthefunctionsandmeaningsoftheinfinitives2.Abletodistinguishtheminasentence.Toliveabroadisnoteasy.Thequestionishowtogetthere.Sheplannedtovisitherparentsnextweek.Hisfatherencouragedhimtofindanewjob.ThefirstpersontocomeisMr.Brown.HewenttoFrancetolearnFrench.以下不定式充当什么成分？主语宾语表语定语宾补状语

01PART动词不定式作定语的用法1.YuriGagarinisthefirstastronauttobesentintospaceintheworld.1.尤里·加加林有史以来第一个进入太空的人。2.Tereshkovaisthefirstfemaleastronauttobesentintospaceintheworld.2.瓦莲京娜·捷列什科娃（世界第一名女航天员，苏联空军少将，人类历史上进入太空的第一位女性1937-

）86!!!3.NeilArmstrongisthefirstastronauttolandontothemoonintheworld.尼尔·奥尔登·阿姆斯特朗美国宇航员、地球上第一个踏上月球的人4.YangLiweiisthefirstastronauttobesentintospaceinChina.杨利伟中国首飞太空第一人5.LiuYangisthefirstfemaleastronauttobesentintospaceinChina.刘洋

中国第一位进入太空的女航天员6.WangYapingisthefirstastronauttoteachinspaceinChina.王亚平中国首位太空老师1.YuriGagarinisthefirstastronauttobesentintospaceintheworld.2.Tereshkovaisthefirstfemaleastronauttobesentintospaceintheworld.3.NeilArmstrongisthefirstastronaut

tolandontothemoonintheworld.4.YangLiweiisthefirstastronauttobesentintospaceinChina.5.LiuYangisthefirstfemaleastronaut

tobesentintospaceinChina.6.WangYapingisthefirstastronaut

toteachinspaceinChina.1.What’sthesimilarityofthesesentences?2.What’sthefunctionoftheseinfinitives?

翻译：1.尤里·加加林是世界上第一位被送入太空的宇航员。2.捷列什科娃是世界上第一位被送入太空的女宇航员。3.尼尔·阿姆斯特朗是世界上第一位登上月球的宇航员。4.杨利伟是中国首位被送入太空的宇航员。5.刘洋是中国首位被送入太空的女宇航员。6.王亚平是中国第一位在太空任教的宇航员。SummaryTheinfinitivesareused

as

。tomodify（修饰）

placedinfrontofit.2.土办法：翻译！

中文...的...theattribitie(定语)thenouns找出下列句子中的不定式并指出其在句中的作用：Lookingupatthestars,peoplehavealwayswantedtolearnmoreaboutspace,andscientistsworkhardtofindanswers.Theymakevehiclestocarrybravepeopleintospacetofindoutthesecretsoftheuniverse.America’sNASAspaceagencylaunchedVoyager1on5September1977tostudydeepspace.ThenShenzhou6and7completedasecondmannedorbitandthefirstChinesespacewalk,followedbythevehicleJadeRabbitbeingsenttothemoontostudyitssurface.Morerecently,ChinahassentChang’e4toexplorethesurfaceofthefarsideofthemoontomakemeasurementsandobservations.

宾语目的状语

目的状语

目的状语

目的状语

目的状语

02PART动词不定式作状语的用法1.作状语表示目的：常用结构有inorderto和soasto，但soasto不可位于句首。为了学好英语，必须下苦功夫。TolearnEnglishwell,youmustmakepainstakingefforts.她一路快速奔跑为了赶上最后一班公共汽车。Sheranfastallthewaysoastocatchthelastbus.为了通过考试，简努力学习到午夜。Inordertopasstheexam,Janeworkedhardtillmidnight.Jackhasmadegreatprogress,

（make

）hisparentsvery

happy.杰克取得了巨大的进步，这让他的父母很高兴。YesterdayIwenttoseeher

（learn）thatshehadgoneabroudaweekbefore.昨天我去看她，不料听人说她一周前出国了。butonlytolearnmaking2.作状语表示结果：“令人意想不到”的结果，其中“使人不愉快的结果”较为常见。

有时前面加上only或butonlytodo，以加强语气。特别提醒表示自然而然的结果，or有直接的因果关系：现在分词短语ving(2)动词不定式作结果状语时，常用于一些特定的结构中：too..todo...太……而不能做……so/such...astodo...如此……以至于做……enough...to...足以做...You'rejusttoogoodtobetrue你是那么美好而不像是真的Can'ttakemyeyesoffyou难以将我的目光从你身上转移动词不定式常跟在一些形容词之后说明产生某种情绪的原因。常见的形容词有happy,lucky,surprised,sorry,

glad,delighted,anxious,interested,woried等。学生们非常渴望知道考试结果。Thestudentsareeagertoknowtheirtestresults.作为中国青年我们感到自豪。WeareproudtobeyoungpeopleofChina．theinfinitivecanbeused

as

。toindicate

purpose/result/reason.不定式作状语可以表示目的、结果、原因。Summarytheadverbialtheinfinitive不定式除了谓语，其他句子成分都能充当定语状语修饰名词土办法：翻译！

中文...的...目的结果原因为了...“令人意想不到”的结果todo

自然而然的结果vingtoo..todoso/such...astodoenough...to...情绪adjSummary1Lookatthefollowingsentencesandfocusontheitalicisedinfinitives.Inpairs,discusstheirfunctionsandmeanings.Findmoreexamplesfromtheunit.1Itrainedforalongtimetoflyairplanesasafighterpilot.2Asweallknow,anastronautneedstobehealthyandcalminordertoworkinspace.3Firstofall,youmustbeintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree.4Somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansrealisetheirdreamtoexplorespace.5On12April1961,YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.P.

42目的状语目的状语结果状语定

语定

语2Rewritethesentencesusinginfinitivesor“inorderto/soasto+do”.Changetheitalicisedpartsaccordingly.

3.Mankindhasalwaysbeencuriousabouttheuniverseandmanypeoplehavedreamtthatonedaytheywouldflyintospace.4.Astronauts’bonesandmusclescangetveryweakinspaceduetothelackofgravity,sotheyneedtoexerciseeveryday,whichwillhelpthemstayhealthy.Mankindhasalwaysbeencuriousabouttheuniverseandmanypeoplehavethedreamtoflyintospaceoneday....theyneedtoexerciseeverydayto/inorderto/soastostayhealthy.5.Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspacebecauseeverythingwouldfloatoffotherwise.6.Duringaspacewalk,astronautshavetomoveslowlysothattheycankeeptheirbodiesundercontrol.

Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspace

to/inorderto/soastokeepeverythingfromfloatingoff.

Duringaspacewalk,astronautshavetomoveslowlyto/inorderto/soastokeeptheirbodiesundercontrol.3Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Sendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoal_________(achieve).Oneoftheproblemsisthatthetripwouldtakeaverylongtime.Forexample,_____(use)currenttechnology,itwouldtakeovertwoyears_____(get)totheclosestplanet,Mars,andback.Althoughlightisthefastestthing(know)intheuniverse,itcouldtakemorethanfouryearstoreachtheneareststarsystem.Willscientistsfigureoutaway_______(store)sufficientfoodandwaterforthelongjourney?Isitpossibletotravelfasterthanlight?Nooneknowstheanswersyet.However,spacescientistsnevergiveup.Theyareexperimentingwithgrowingcropsinspacesoas_______(help)astronautsgetenoughfoodonlongerjourneysthroughspace.toachievetogettostoretohelpusing不定式作定语时一般放在哪里？作定语的不定式和名词有什么关系呢？什么时候会用不定式作定语？Whereistheinfinitiveusedasattributive?Whatdoestheinfinitivehavetodowiththenoun?Whendoyouuseinfinitiveasattributive?位置关系*不定式作定语的位置和关系1.Wemustfindapersontodothework.2.Therearelotsofinterestingthingstosee.3.ThemedicalteamsgottheordernottoleaveWuhanwhentheepidemicwascontained.主谓关系sb

do动宾关系dosth同位关系①通常放在名词、代词或不定代词后面作后置定语。②与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系用法不定式作定语的4种情况：1.当名词被序数词、最高级或theonly,thenext,thelast,

theright修饰时，用不定式主动形式作定语。Sheis

thefirstgraduatetobeadmittedinthebigcompany.Doyouknowwhichisthebestroutetotake?Shefoundtherightpersontomarry.Exercise:1.Heistheonlyperson

(know)

thetruth.2.LQZwasthefirstwoman

(hire)

asaresidential

phy