高考英语主语从句讲解

高考英语主语从句定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。引导主语从句的连接词有：从属连词:that,whether；连接代词:who(whoever),whom,whose,what(whatever)和which(whichever)；连接副词:when,where,how和why。连接词：1.从属连词：that，whether1）that引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略。2）whether意为“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。由whether引导的名词从句做主语，表语，介词宾语，同位语时！不可用if代替。a.Thatpricewillgoupiscertain.b.Whethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。2.连接代词who，what，which,whatever,whichever,whoever(Who,whom,which,what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序，既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.Whateverhedidisright.Whokilledthescientistremainsaquestion.1）What和that引导的主语从句的区别：that只起引导作用，不充当任何成分，没有意思。What不仅起引导作用，还要充当一定成分(主语、宾语或表语)，意思是：“什么”。Whatweneedismoney.Thathewillcomeiscertain.2）whatever/whoever的用法（~ever=nomatter~---让步状语从句中）

whatever/whoever可以引导主语从句,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。whatever相当于anythingthat;whoever相当于anyonewho。例如:Whoever(Anyonewho)wantstoenterintothisschoolmusttaketheexam.Whatever(Anythingthat)shedidwasright.3.连接副词when，where，how，why等。既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。How

this

happened

is

not

clear

to

anyone.

Whenhewillbebackdependsontheweather.Whenwe’llstarttomorrowwillbetoldsoon.Wherethetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.4.主语从句后置：为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.例:Thatweshallbelateiscertain.--It’scertainthatweshallbelate.1）用it作形式主语的结构A.

It+be+形容词+that从句(obvious,

true,

surprising,

good,

wonderful,

funny,

possible,

likely,

certain,

probable,

etc.)如：It

is

certain

that

she

will

do

well

in

her

exam.

B.

It+be+名词词组+that从句(an

honour,

a

fact,

a

pity,

etc）如：Itisapity/shamethat...遗憾的是……Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是…Itisafactthat……是事实Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常识

It’s

a

pity

that

we

can’t

go.

C.

It+be+过去分词+that从句(said,

reported,

thought,

expected,

decided,

announced,

etc。）如：It

is

said

that

Mr.

Green

has

arrived

in

Beijing.

D.

It+不及物动词或短语+that从句(seem，happen,doesn’t

matter,turnout）。如：It

happened

that

I

was

out

that

day.

It

doesn’t

matter

whether

she

will

come

or

not.2)对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从23.____shecouldn’tunderstandwas_____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What;whyB.That;whyC.What;becauseD.Why;that24.Itwas____hesaid___disappointedme.A.What;thatB.That;thatC.What;whatD.That;what25.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It26.______leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who27.________makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.Whatever28.Isthisfactoryyouvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone29.Whenandwhyhecamehere________yet.A.isnotknownB.arenotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenotknown30.________isnoreasonfordismissingher.A.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.OwingtoafewminuteslateC.ThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateD.Beingafewminuteslate31.________Tomlikedtoeatwasdifferentfrom________.A.That…thatyouhadexpectedB.What…thatyouhadexpectedC.That…whatyouhadexpectedD.What…whatyouhadexpected32.________wegoswimmingeveryday________usalotofgood.A.If...doB.That...doC.If...doesD.That...does33.It________Bobdrivesbadly.A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtthatIt'suncertain________theexperimentisworthdoing.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how35.________theboydidn'ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Which36.____wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what____youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether38..____we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where39._________isgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.A.ThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who40._______we'llfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.A.WhenB.WhyC.WhatD.That41.______hewon'tgothereiscleartoallofus.A.HowB.WhatC.WhyD.This42.______thehousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrow'smeeting.A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.What43_______youcomeornotisuptoyou.A.WhatB.IfC.WhyD.Whether44._______teamwillwinthematchisamatterofpublicconcern.A.WhichB.ThatC.IfD.How45Isthisthefactory___someforeignfriendsvisitedotherday?At