高考英语特殊句式

高考英语特殊句式2012,11，28一．强调句型：“Itis/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋原句其他部分”。被强调的部分为“人”时用who/that，否则都用that。注意：被强调部分不能是谓语动词。ItwasonMondaynightthatallthishappened.It’smewhoheblamed.Itwaswhatyoudidthatmademesatisfied.ItisIwho/thataminchargeofthefactory.【考点一】考查not...until结构的强调句，其结构为Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其他部分。①It______wehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeks______Ifoundwehadalotincommon.A.wasuntil;whenB.wasuntil;thatC.wasn’tuntil;whenD.wasn’tuntil;that【考点二】考查复合句中的强调句型②Wasit_____hewasseriouslyillthathedidn’tcometoschoolyesterday?③______hecamebackhomethatweknewwhathadhappened.A.WhenitwasB.ItwaswhenC.WasitwhenD.Whenwas【考点三】考查强调句的特殊疑问句结构是：疑问词+is/was+it+that+其他部分，但这类句型如出现在宾语从句中，其结构为：疑问词+it+is/was+that+其他部分。WherewasitthatyoumettheFrenchman?④______electricityplaysanimportantpartinourdailylife?A.WhywasitthatB.WhyisitthatC.WhyisitD.Whyitisthat【难点一】正确判断强调句型用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整、正确。①Itwastheschoolgate____Imetanoldfriendofmineafterclass.②Wasitinthispalace______thelastemperordied?【难点二】强调句型与Itis/was+时间+when/before从句；Itbe+时间+since从句；Itbelong...before...等句型的区别。①Itwasatmidnight______Igotbackhomeyesterday.②Itwasmidnight______Igotbackhomeyesterday③Itistwoyears_____IbegantolearnEnglish.④Itmaybemanyyears_______thesituationimproves.二．倒装定义：为了强调、突出等目的而颠倒原有语序的句式叫做倒装句，颠倒了的成分可以恢复原位而句意基本不变，句法成分不变。倒装句分为三种：完全倒装：指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。1）Upwenttherocketintotheair.2）Suchwouldbeourhomeinthefuture.3）Ontopofthehillstandsatalltree.4）Herecomesthebus.部分倒装：指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。1）Onlyinthiswaycanyousolvethisproblem.2）NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.3）Sounreasonablewashispricethateverybodystartled形式倒装：在语法上又被称为前置。它的特点是，只把强调的内容提置句首，主谓并不倒装。1）Whataninterestingtalktheyhad!2）ThemoreyoulistentoEnglish,theeasieritbecomes.3）Whateverreasonsyouhave,youshouldcarryoutyourpromise.【考点一】部分倒装(1)句首状语为否定词（组）或半否定词（组）的句子。这类词或短语主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom,rarely,hardly,scarcely,nosooner,notonly,innoway,atnotime,few,not,no等。LittledoeshecareaboutwhatIsaid.(2)only+状语放在句首，要部分倒装。注意，only修饰主语不倒装。Onlybythismeansisitpossibletoexplainit.(3)so/such...that结构中的so或such位于句首。Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.(4)“neither/nor＋助动词／系动词／情态动词＋主语”表示“某人或某事亦非如此”；“so＋助动词／系动词／情态动词＋主语”表示“某人或某事亦是如此”。注意：①当陈述部分既有肯定又有否定或者谓语动词既有实义动词又有助动词时，可用下面两个句型：Itisthesamewith...或Soitiswith...。Eg：Jackisastudentandhestudieshard.ItisthesamewithTom.②“so＋主语＋助动词／系动词／情态动词”表示“某人或某事确实如此”。—Iremindedyounottoforgettheappointment.—Soyoudid.(5)if引导的虚拟条件句含有were,had，should时,可省略if,再把were,should或had移到从句句首。Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.(6)用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。Mayyousucceed!【考点二】完全倒装(1)Therebe结构。另外，在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有：exist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,stand等。Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.(2)“Here/There/Now/Then+come(或be等)+主语”结构。①本句型中there是副词,应重读,强调地点。而Therebe句型中there本身没意义。Thencamethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto.Therecomesthebus.②此句型中的主语必须是名词。如果主语是人称代词，就不用倒装。Thereshecomes.(3)表示方向的副词out,in,up,down等置于句首,要用全部倒装。但主语是代词时用部分倒装。IncameMrWhite.Awaywenttheboy.Outshewent.(4)表示地点的介词短语(如:onthewall,underthetree,infrontofthehouse等)放在句首时，要全部倒装。Onthetopofthehillstandsapinetree.Theyarrivedatahouse,infrontofwhichsatanoldman.(5)用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!(6)其他形式的完全倒装。PresentatthemeetingwasMr.Green,aheadmaster.Eastofthecityliesanewrailway.Firsttobecompletedwastheseven-storeyteachingbuilding.Gonearethedayswhenmyheartwasyoungandgay.Lyingonthefloorwasaboyaged15.三．省略省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析，句子应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，在句中并不出现，这种句子叫做省略句，这种语法现象称为“省略”。其特点是：虽然省去句子语法构造所需要的组成部分，但仍能表达其完整的意义。省略形式多样，从单词、短语到分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的衔接关系，不容臆断。【考点一】考查状语从句的省略在以when,while,if,asif,though(although),as,whether,once,whe