北京孝义营中学2021-2022学年高三英语期末试题含解析

北京孝义营中学2021-2022学年高三英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Ifyouleavetheclub,youwillnotbe___backin.A.received

B.admitted

C.turned

D.moved参考答案：B2.—Shallwetakeataxitheresincetimeislimited?—________.Itshouldbehardtogetoneduringtherushhour.A.Goahead B.Don’tmentionit C.Nodoubt D.Justforgetit参考答案：D3.havingmypassengerinmycar,Idon’tthinkIcan______thetownbeforenightfallsincethereisatrafficjamahead.A.arrive

B.reachfor

C.makeitto

D.seehimoff参考答案：C4.___________inthedarkcave,thesoldierwasnotafraidof________byhisenemies.A.Hiding;finding B.Hiding;beingfound

C.Hidden;founding D.Hidden;hiding参考答案：B5.Doyoudressdifferentlybecauseofwhatyouseeinadvertisementsorbuythingsyoumightnot________buy？A.otherwise B.therefore C.furthermore D.besides参考答案：A6.We

thesunshineinSanyanowifitwerenotforthedelayofourflight.A.wereenjoying

B.wouldhaveenjoyedC.wouldbeenjoying

D.willenjoy参考答案：C试题分析:句意：要不是我们耽搁了航班我们现在就在三亚享受阳光了。根据后面ifitwerenotfor……可知此处是对现在状况的虚拟，故主句用wouldbedoing，选C。7.Peoplethinkthat______openingceremonyofthe29thOlympicGamesis_____greatsuccess.A.an;a

B.the;a

C.the;the

D.the;/参考答案：8.Wheneverwe’rein___________,wemustneverlose_________,buttrytothinkofthewayout.

A.thetrouble;ourhearts

B.troubles;heartC.trouble;heart

D.thetrouble;theheart参考答案：C9.—Whatdoyouthinkofyourpreparationsforthefinalexams?—Notsogood.ActuallyIfeellike______forI’vemadelittleprogressinMaths.A.Danielinthelion’sden B.Achilles’heelC.agoodSamaritan D.asacredcow参考答案：B【详解】考查情景对话。——句意：你觉得你为期末考试做的准备怎么样?——不太好。事实上，我觉得这是致命弱点，因为我在数学方面几乎没有进步。根据forI’vemadelittleprogressinMaths.可知这里意思是我觉得这是致命弱点，A.Danielinthelion’sden真金不怕火炼；

B.Achilles’heel致命弱点；C.agoodSamaritan乐善好施的人；D.asacredcow神圣之物，故选B。10.----CanIputthebookon______oftheshelves?-----No.You’dbetterputitwhereitwas.

A.all

B.each C.both

D.either参考答案：D11.Lifedoesn’tcountformuch______youarewillingtodoyoursmallparttoleaveourchildrenabetterworld.A.unless

B.when

C.though

D.if参考答案：A试题分析：句意：人生没有什么意义，除非你能乐意尽职为我们的下一代创造一个更美好的世界。unless“除非”。when当……时候；though尽管；if如果。故选A项。35.--IhappenedtonoticeBob’sfatherquarrellingwiththeteacherindefenseofhisson.--NowonderBobalwaysperformspoorlyinclass.It’sreally“________”.

A.Loveme,lovemydog

B.Likefather,likeson

C.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether

D.Abusymothermakesalazydaughter参考答案：b略13.You_____somethinggreat,otherwiseyouwouldn'thavegotthepromotion.A.shoulddo

B.mustdoC.shouldhavedone

D.musthavedone参考答案：D【详解】考查情态动词+havedone。句意：你一定做了什么了不起的事，否则你就得不到提升。musthavedone表示对过去事情有把握的肯定推测，故选D。【点睛】情态动词+havedone结构：1.“must+have+过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.2.“can/could+have+过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：Hecan'thavefinishedtheworksosoon.3.“may/might+have+过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：Theymaynothaveknownitbeforehand.4.“need+have+过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.5.“should/oughtto+have+过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,oughtto的语气比should强一些.如：Yououghtto/shouldhavestudiedharder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）Heoughtn'tto/shouldn'thavedonethat.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）6.“would＋have＋过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或oughtto那样含有责备之意.如：Iguessthepoetwouldhavebeenabouttwentywhenshewroteherfirstpoem.Anotherworkerwouldn'thaveactedlikethat.14.IsetupemailaddressesforconnectingwithmyparentslastMay.ButIdidn’twritetothemasoftenasI______.A.should

B.musthave

C.shouldhave

D.must参考答案：C15.Itisreally_____usefuldictionary,______dictionaryeveryoneofusneeds.

A.an;a

B.a;the

C.the;a

D.a;a参考答案：D略16.Springiscoming,anditistimeforthose______tograduatetolookforjobs.A.beyond

B.behind

C.among

D.about参考答案：D二、完型填空17.SectionADirections:

ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.

Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Haveyouevergottenasunburn?Ifyouhave,you’vealreadylearnedthehardwayaboutthesun’sultraviolet(紫外线的),orUVlight.Itcanburnyourskinsobadthatitturnsitredorevenmakesitpeeloff.The

51helpsyouremembertowearsunscreenthenexttime.Well,Earthhasitsownversionofsunscreen,theozone(臭氧)layer,which

52usallfromthevastmajorityoftheUVlightreleasedbythesun.Withoutit,wewouldn’tjustgetasunburn.LifeonEarthwouldgo

53duetothehugelydamagingpowerofallthoseUVrays.Theozonelayer

54Earth’sstratosphere(同温层),apartoftheatmospherethat

55fromabout10kilometersuptonearly50kilometersabovetheground.Despiteitsname,theozonelayerisn’tjustozonegas.Itcontainslyhigherconcentrationsofozonethantheloweratmosphere,butthat’sstillasmallamount

56thoseofthemainelementsoftheatmosphere.Evenso,it

57alotofUVrays,preventingthemfromreachingthesurfaceofEarth.However,peopleweren’tfullyawareofitsimportanceuntil1985,whenahugeholeinthelayerwasfoundoverAntarctica.The

58quicklypointedtoakindofchemicalcalledchlorofluorocarbon,orCFC,whichwaswidelyusedinrefrigerators,airconditionersandhairsprays.CFCsareabletoriseuptothestratosphereandcausereactionsthatdestroyozone.Witha

59ozonelayer,peopleonEartharemorelikelytodevelopskincancer,cataracts(白内障)andotherhealthproblemsduetotoomuchUVlight

60.Asaresultofthisdiscovery,aninternationaltreaty(条约)calledtheMontrealProtocolwassignedin1987to

61themanufactureofCFCproductssothattheozonelayercouldslowlyrecoverandreturntoitsnaturalstateby2050.

62,atatimewhenitseemedthateverythingwasgoingbackto

63,earlierthismonthscientistsdetectedfournewman-madegasesinGreenlandandAustraliathatcouldcausesnewriskstotheozonelayer.Scientistshaven’tidentifiedthe

64ofthegases,but“thishighlightsthatozonelossisnotyetyesterday’sstory,”saidProfessorPiersForsterfromtheUniversityofLeeds,UK,toBBC.Scientistsbelievethattherearemoresuchgasesoutthere,andtheystillhavemuchworktodoto“

65theholes”.

51.A.harmB.lossC.painD.factor52.A.survivesB.shadesC.preventsD.covers53.A.extinctB.helplessC.meaninglessD.wrong54.A.linkstoB.liesinC.lookstoD.consistsof55.A.receivesB.locatesC.extendsD.varies56.A.belongedtoB.turnedtoC.takentoD.comparedto57.A.absorbsB.capturesC.figuresD.imposes58.A.resultB.evidenceC.traceD.movement59.A.furtherB.clearerC.thinnerD.broader60.A.returnB.exposureC.companionD.approach61.A.banB.oppressC.motivateD.recycle62.A.ThereforeB.FurthermoreC.OtherwiseD.However63.A.minorB.bitterC.concreteD.normal64.A.sourceB.guidanceC.conditionD.destination65.A.fastenB.heightenC.tightenD.strengthen参考答案：51—55CBABC

56—60DABCB

61—65ADDAC三、阅读理解18.Doyouknowelectricitycanchangethewaywetastefood？ProvingthisfactisarevolutionaryelectricforkdesignedbyJapaneseresearchersthatcanmakeanydishtastesalty．AccordingtoHiromiNakamura，aPostDocResearchFellowatTokyo'sMeijiUniversity，thetechnologycanbeveryusefulforpeopleonspecialdiets．Patientswithhighbloodpressure，forinstance，caneasilygoonalow﹣saltdietandstillenjoydeliciousfood．Andwiththefork，there'slynoriskofover﹣saltingtheirfood．Luckily，thevoltage（电压）issosmallthatthereisnoriskofelectrocution（触电）either．TheideaofaddingelectricitytofoodwasfirstexposedasanexperimentattheComputerHumanInteractionConferenceinAustin，Texas，in2012．Nakamuraandherteamconnectedawiretoa9﹣voltbatteryandpasseditthroughastrawplacedinacupofsweetlemonade．Volunteersreportedthatthechargedlemonadetasted‘blander'，becausetheelectricitycreatedthetasteofsalt．Nakamurahasimprovedthetechnologytobeabletotransferanelectricchargetofoodthroughforksandchopsticks．"Themetallicpartoftheforkisoneelectrode（电极），andthehandleistheother，"Nakamuraexplained．"Whenyoutakeapieceoffoodwiththeforkandputitinyourmouth，youconnectthecircuit．Whenyouremovetheforkfromyourmouth，youdisconnectthecircuit．Soitactuallyworksasaswitch．"SimonKlose，hostoffoodprogramMunchies，whorecentlyvisitedNakamuratotryouttheforkhimself，calledthisformof‘foodhacking'oneofthegreatesteatingexperienceshe'deverhad．"WhenIfirstheardofelectricfood，itsoundedscary，"hesaid．Helatercontinuedtouseachargedforktoeatpiecesoffriedchicken，andfoundthatthesaltinessconsiderablyincreasedastheelectricitywasconnected．Nakamurahasbeeneating‘electric'foodforthepastthreetofouryearsinanattempttounderstanditbetter．"Forme，‘foodhacking'isaboutstrengtheningorweakeningrealfood，"shesaid．"Itmayseemlikewe'recookingbutwe'reactuallyworkingonthehumansenses．"60．Theelectricforkmaybenefitpeoplewho．A．needtogoonadiet

B．havehighbloodpressureC．preferfoodfreeofsalt

D．showinterestintastyfood61．Paragraph4mainlytellsus．A．howtheelectricforkworks

B．whatmakesthecircuitconnectedC．howthetechnologywasimproved

D．whytheelectricforkwasinvented62．Fromthepassage，welearnthattheelectricfork．A．createsvirtualtaste

B．changespeople'sdietsC．helpscurediseases

D．replacessaltincooking．参考答案：BAA本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了日本科学家使用电流改变食物味道的研究，这可以给人一种虚拟的假味道，是特殊饮食的人享受原本的不能享受的美味．60．B．细节理解题．根据文章第二段"Patientswithhighbloodpressure，forinstance，caneasilygoonalow﹣saltdietandstillenjoydeliciousfood"可知患高血压的人使用这一技术仍然可以享受盐分比较少的美味的食物，这些食物属于健康食物，说明这些食物对患高血压的人有利；故选B．61．A．段落大意题．根据文章第四段"HumanInteractionConferenceinAustin，Texas，in2012．Nakamuraandherteamconnectedawiretoa9﹣voltbatteryandpasseditthroughastrawplacedinacupofsweetlemonade"可知科学家Nakamura可以通过电流使少量的电击传递到叉子和筷子上，说明本段主要介绍theelectricfork的工作原理；故选A．62．A．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段"Forme，‘foodhacking'isaboutstrengtheningorweakeningrealfood，"shesaid．"Itmayseemlikewe'recookingbutwe'reactuallyworkingonthehumansenses"可知实际上电击只是给人一种虚拟的味道，实际上食物还是原来的味道；故选A．19.ItisanissueIhaverealizedeversinceIheardaboutanAustrianbankerwhosaid,“IalwaysfinditeasiertodobusinesswithpartnersfromGreeceorRussiaorDenmark.Butwhenthelrishcall,itgetscomplexanddifficult.”ks5uAsIwroterecently,thosespeakingEnglishasasecondlanguagefrequentlysaytheyfinditeasiertotalktoeachotherthantosomeonefromtheUS,theUK,Canada,IrelandorAustralia.Anyonewantingtogettothetopofinternationalbusiness,medicineoracademia(butpossiblynotsport)needstobeabletospeakEnglishtoaprettyhighlevel.Equally,anynativeEnglishspeakerwantingtodealwiththesenewhighachieversneedstoknowhowtotalkwithoutconfusingthem.BecausesomanyEnglish-speakerstodayaremonoglots（只懂一种语言的人），theyhavelittleideahowdifficultitistomasteranotherlanguage.Manythinkthebestwaytomakeforeignersunderstandistobechatty（健谈的）andinformal.Thismayseemfriendlybut，asitprobablyinvolvesusinginformalexpressions,itmakescomprehensionharder.Speakingslowlyhelps,butavoidingfigurative（比喻的）oridiomaticexpressionsismoreimportant.Phrasalverbsareanothertroublefornon-nativeEnglishspeakers;imaginetryingtounderstandthedifferencebetween“Icouldn’tputupwithhim”and“Iagreedtoputhimup”.It’sbettertosay“Icouldn’ttoleratehim”and“Iagreedtolethimstayforni