2023年职称英语-职称英语(理工类)考试备考题库附带答案卷1

米宝宝科技2023年职称英语-职称英语(理工类)考试备考题库附带答案题目一二三四五六总分得分第1卷一.全考点押密题库(共50题)1.(单项选择题)(每题3.00分)ArchiveGallery:TheBestofBionics(仿生学）Humansmightbethemosthighly-evolvedspeciesontheplanet,butmostanimalspossessskillswecanonlydreamofhaving.Imaginehowmuchelectricitywecouldsaveifwecouldseeinthedarkthewaycatsdo.Imagineleapingfromtreetotreelikeamonkey.Giraffes(长颈鹿），whichareotherwisecalmandgood-natured,sleeponly4.6hoursaday.Werealizedalong,longtimeagothatnatureprovidesthebestblueprint(蓝图）forinvention.We’veborrowedcanalsfrombeavers(河狸）andreflectorsfromcat’seyes.Althoughthewords“bionics”becamepopularonlyafterthe1960s,historyshowsthatnaturehasalwaysprovidedideasonsolvingeverydayproblems.Ourarchives(档案）don’tgobacktothetimeofLeonardodaVinciandhisbird-likeflyingmachines,butwecantakeyoutothelate19thcentury,whereweappliedthosesameprinciplesforbuildingourfirstpracticalairplanes.TopreparefortheirflightatKittyHawk,theWrightbrothersstudiedthemovementsofpigeonstofigureouthowtheystayedhighupwhentheywereheavierthanair.Theirsuccessinspiredscoresofsuccessorstoimproveontheairplanebystudyingvariousaspectsofnature.OneofOrvilleWright’spupilscaughtandstuffedseagullstoexaminetheirwingspan.Meanwhile,twoFrenchinventorsexaminedspinningsycamore(梧桐）seedsinanefforttoapplythosesamemotions,reversed,toahelicopter.Someexamplesaremoreobviousthanothers.TheoutsideoftheairplanedesignedbytheWrightbrotherslookslikeaminimalistic(简单抽象艺术）structure.Ontheotherhand,BarneyConnetfsfishsubmarine(潜水艇）actuallylookslikeafish.Somebio-inspiredconceptshaveyettobeinvented.Inthe1960s,theUSArmycommissionedseveraluniversityprofessorstoconductresearchonthemotorskillsofanimalsinhopeofapplyingthosesameabilitiestotanks.Tanksthatrunlikehorsesorjumplikegrasshoppers(蚂蚌）一soundsshocking,doesn’tit?Butimaginehowlifewouldchangeifwecouldachievethat.WhathappenedaftertheWrightbrothers，success?A.Peoplecarriedoutasystematicstudyonpigeons.B.Peoplecouldflytheirairplaneforfun.C.Peoplestudiedmoreanimalsandplantstodeveloptheairplane.D.PeoplekepttheirairplaneataFrenchgallery.2.(单项选择题)(每题1.00分)Forsome→obscure←reason,thesimplegameisbecomingverypopular.A.unclearB.obviousC.majorD.minor3.(单项选择题)(每题1.00分)

WideWorldofRobots

Engineerswhobuildandprogramrobotshavefascinatingjobs.Theseresearcherstinker（修补）withmachinesinthelabandwritecomputersoftwaretocontrolthesedevices.“They’rethebesttoysoutthere,saysHowieChosetatCarnegieMellonUniversityinPittsburgh.Chosetisaroboticist,apersonwhodesigns,buildsorprogramsrobots.

WhenChosetwasakid,hewasinterestedinanythingthatmoved—cars,trains，animals.HeputmotorsonTinkertoycarstomakethemmove.Later，inhighschool,hebuiltmobilerobotssimilartosmallcars.

Hopingtocontinueworkingonrobots，hestudiedcomputerscienceincollege.ButwhenhegottograduateschoolattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyinPasadena,Choset’slabmateswereworkingonsomethingevencoolerthanremotelycontrolledcars:roboticsnakes.Somerobotscanmoveonlyforward，backward,leftandright.Butsnakescantwist（扭曲）inmanydirectionsandtraveloveralotofdifferenttypesofterrain（地形）.“Snakesarefarmoreinterestingthanthecars，"Chosetconcluded.

AfterhestartedworkingatCarnegieMellon，Chosetandhiscolleaguestherebegandevelopingtheirownsnakerobots.Choset’steamprogrammedrobotstoperformthesamemovementsasrealsnakes，suchasslidingandinchingforward.Therobotsa丨somovedinwaysthatsnakesusuallydon’t,suchasrolling.Choset’ssnakerobotscouldcrawl（爬行）throughthegrass，swiminapond

andevenclimbaflagpole.

ButChosetwonderedifhissnakesmightbeusefulformedicineaswell.Forsomeheartsurgeries，thedoctorhastoopenapatient’schest，cuttingthroughthebreastbone.Recoveringfromthesesurgeriescanbeverypainful.Whatifthedoctorcouldperformtheoperationbyinsteadmakingasmallholeinthebodyandsendinginathinroboticsnake?

ChosetteamedupwithMarcoZenati，aheartsurgeonnowatHarvardMedicalSchool，toinvestigatetheidea.Zenatipracticedusingtherobotonaplasticmodelofthechestandthentestedtherobotinpigs.

AcompanycalledMedroboticsinBostonisnowadaptingthetechnologyforsurgeriesonpeople.

Evenafter15yearsofworkingwithhisteam’screations，“Istilldon’tgetboredofwatchingthemotionofmyrobots,Chosetsays.Choset’ssnakerobotscouldmakemoremovementsthantheonesothersdeveloped.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned4.(单项选择题)(每题1.70分)共用题干TheWeightExperimentNicolaWalters

hasbeen

takingpart

inexperimentsin

Scotlandtodiscoverwhyhumans

gainandloseweight.

Beinglockedinasmallroomcalleda“calorimeter”（热量测量室）isonewaytofindout.Thesigns

abovethe

tworoomsreadsimply“ChamberOne”and“ChamberTwo”.Thesearethecalorimeters:4m

by2m

white-walledrooms

wherehuman

volunteersare

lockedupin

thename

ofscience

.Outsidethese

rooms

anothersign

reads“Pleasedo

notenter

workinprogress”andin

frontof

therooms

advancedmachinery

registers

everymove

thevolunteers

make.Each

day,meals

measuredto

thelast

gramare

passedthrough

aholein

thewall

of

thecalorimeterto

theresidentvolunteer.NicolaWalters

isoneof

twentyvolunteers

who,over

thepast

eightmonths,have

spentvarying

periodsinside

the

calorimeter.Tall

andslim,Nicola

doesnot

havea

weightproblem,but

thoughtthe

strictdiet

mighthelp

withher

trainingand

fitnessprogramme.As

aself-employed

communitydance

worker,she

wasable

tofitthe

experimentin

aroundher

work.She

sawan

advertfor

volun-teersat

herlocalgym

andasshe

isinterestedin

thewholeareaof

dietandexercise,she

thoughtshe

wouldhelpout.Theexperiment

onNicolainvolved

herspendingone

dayona

fixeddietat

homeand

thenext

intheroom.This

sequencewas

repeatedfour

timesover

sixweeks.She

arrivedat

thecalorimeter

at8:30amon

eachofthefour

morningsand

fromthenon

everythingsheate

ordrankwas

carefullymeasured.Her

everymovewasnotedtoo,her

dailyexercise

routine,timedtothelastsecond.

Atregular

intervals,after

eating,she

filledin

formsabout

howhungry

shefelt

andsamples

weretaken

foranalysis.

Thescientists

helpvolunteersimpose

akindof

orderonthe

longdaysthey

faceinthe

room.“Thefirst

time,I

onlytook

onevideo

andabook,

butitwas

OKbecause

Iwatched

TVtherest

ofthetime,”says

Nicola.Andtwicea

daysheused

theexercise

bike.Shepedaled（踩踏板）

forhalfan

hour,watchedby

researcherstomake

sureshe

didn'tgotoofast.Itseemsthat

somefoods

encourageyou

toeatmore,while

otherssatisfy

youquickly.Volun-teers

arealready

showingthat

high-fatdiets

areless

likelyto

makeyou

feelfull.Believing

thattheymay

nowknowwhat

encourages

peopleto

overeat,theresearchers

areabout

tostart

testinga

high-protein

weight-lossdiet.Volunteers

arerequired

andNicola

hassigned

upfor

furtherses-slons。Paragraph3______A.Whatdoesthecalorimeterlooklikeinside?B.Whatprogramwasdesignedfortheexperiment?C.Whatisacalorimeter?D.Whatisthefirstimpression?E.Howdothevolunteerskillthetime?F.WhydidNicolajoinintheexperiments?5.(单项选择题)(每题1.00分)Ourstatisticsshowthatwe→consume←allthatwearecapableofproducing.A.wasteB.buyC.useD.sell6.(单项选择题)(每题3.00分)

WhenOurEyesServeOurStomach

Oursensesaren’tjustdelivehngastrictviewofwhat’sgoingon

intheworld;theyareaffectedbywhat’sgoingoninourheads.Anewstudyfindsthathungrypeoplesee

food-relatedwordsmoreclearlythanpeoplewho’vejusteaten.

Psychologistshaveknownfordecadesthatwhat’sgoingoninsideourheadsaffectsoursenses.Forexample，poorerchildrenthinkcoinsarelargerthantheyare，andhungrypeoplethinkpicturesoffoodarebrighter.R6miRadelofUniversityofNiceSophia-Antipolis，France,wantedtoinvestigatehowthishappens.Doesithappenrightawayasthebrainreceivessignalsfromtheeyesoralittlelaterasthebrain’shigh-levelthinkingprocessesgetinvolved?

Radeirecruited42studentswithanormalbodymass（质量）index.Onthedayofhisorhertest，eachstudentwastoldtoarriveatthelabatnoonafterthreeorfourhoursofnoteating.Thentheyweretoldtherewasadelay.Someweretoldtocomebackin10minutes;othersweregivenanhourtogetlunchfirst.Sohalfthestudentswerehungrywhentheydidtheexperimentandtheotherhalfhasjusteaten.

Fortheexperiment，theparticipantlookedatacomputerscreen.Onebyone，80wordsflashedonthescreenforabout1/300thofasecondeach.Theyflashedatsosmallasizethatthestudentscouldonlyconsciouslyperceive.Aquarterofthewordswerefood-related-Aftereachword，eachpersonwasaskedhowbrightthewordwasandaskedtochoosewhichoftwowordsthey’dseen_afoodrelatedwordlikecakeoraneutral（中性的）wordlikeboat.Eachwordappearedtoobriefly

for

theparticipanttoreallyreadit.

Hungrypeoplesawthefood-relatedwordsasbrighterandwerebetteratidentifyingfood-relatedwords.Becausethewordappearedtooquickly

forthemtobereliablyseen,thismeansthatthedifferenceisinperception,notinthinkingprocesses，Radelsays.

"Thisissomethinggreattome:HumanscanReallyperceivewhattheyneedorwhattheystrive（奋斗）for.Fromthe

experimentIknowthatourbraincanreallybeatthedisposal（处理）ofourmotives（动机）andneeds,"Radelsays.Whydidthe80wordsflashsofastandatsosmallasizeonthescreen?A.Tomakesuretheparticipanthadnotimetothinkconsciously.B.Toensuretheparticipantwasunabletoperceiveanything.C.Toguaranteeeachwordcameoutatthesamespeedandsize.D.Toshortenthetimeoftheexperiment.7.(单项选择题)(每题1.00分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 TheNeedtoRemember

Some

peoplesaytheyhavenomemoryatall:“Ijustcan’trememberathing!”Butof

coursewe

allhaveamemory.Ourmemorytellsuswhoweare.Ourmemoryhelpsusto

makeuse

inthepresentofwhatwehavelearntinthepast.

Infact

wehavedifferenttypesofmemory.Forexample,ourvisualmemoryhelpsus

recallfact

andplaces.Somepeoplehavesuchastrongvisualmemory,theycan

remember

exactlywhattheyhaveseen,forexample,pagesofabook,asacomplete

picture.

Ourverbal（言语的）memoryhelpsusrememberwordsandfigureswemayhaveheard

butnotseenorwritten：itemsofashoppinglist,achemicalformula,dates,orarecipe.

Withouremotional（情感的）memory,werecallsituationsorplaceswherewehad

strongfeelings,perhapsofhappinessorunhappiness.Wealsohavespecialmemoriesfor

smell,taste,touchandsound,andforperformingphysicalmovements.

We

havetwowaysofstoringanyofthesememories.Ourshort-termmemorystores

itemsfor

uptothirtyseconds—enoughtorememberatelephonenumberwhilewedial.Our

long-term

memory,ontheotherhand,maystoreitemsforalifetime.Olderpeopleinfacthaveamuchbetterlong-termmemorythanshort-term.Theymayforgetwhattheyhave

doneonly

afewhoursago，buthavetheclearestremembrance（记忆）ofwhentheywere

veryyoung.

Psychologiststellusthatweonlyrememberafewfactsaboutourpast,andthatwe

inventthe

rest.Itisasthoughwerememberonlytheoutlineofastory.Wethenmakeup

thedetails.

Weoftendothisinthewaywewanttorememberthem，usuallysothatweappearastheheroesofourownpast—ormaybevictimsneedingsympathy（同情）.Visualmemoryhelpsusrecallaplacewehavebeento.ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned8.(单项选择题)(每题1.00分)

SaveEnergyAtHomeOntheaverage,Americanswasteasmuchenergyastwo-thirdsoftheworld’s

populationconsumes.That’slargelythe_______(51)ofdrivingineffticintcars,using

inefficientappliances(设备)，andlivingandworkinginpoorlyinsulated(隔热)buildings.Thenwhatcanyoudoto_______(52)thesituation?Buyenergy-efficientproducts—btiynewappliancesorelectronicsofthehighestenergy-efficiencyrating.Newenergy-efficientmodelsmaycostmoreinitially,buthavea

loweroperating_______(53)overtheirlifetimes.Themostenergy-efficientmodels_____________(54)theEnergyStarlabel,whichidentifiesproducts______(55)use20-40

percentlessenergythanstandardnewproducts.AccordingtotheEPA(美国环境保护署)，thetypicalAmericanhouseholdcansaveabout$400peryearin_______(56)billswith

productsthatcarrytheEnergyStar.Switchtocompactfluorescentbulbs(焚光灯)—changethethreebulbsyouuse_______(57)inyourhousetocompactfluorescents.Eachcompactfluorescentbulbwill

keephalfatonofC02outoftheair______(58)itslifetime,________(59)，compact

fluorescentbulbslasttentimesaslongandcansave$30peryearinelectricitycosts.Setheatingandcoolingtemperaturescorrectly—checkthermostats(温度自动调节器)inyourhometomakesuretheyare_____(60)atalevelthatdoesn’twasteenergy.Turnoffthelights—turnofflightsandotherelectricalappliancessuchastelevisions

andradioswhenyou’renot_______(61)them.Installautomatictimersforlightsthat

peopleinyourhousefrequently_______(62)toturnthemoffwhenleavingaroom.Letthesunshinein—thecheapestandmostenergy-afficientlightandheatsourceis

oftenrightoutsideyourwindow.On_______(63)days，openblinds(百叶窗)toletthe

sunlightyourhomeforfree.Alsorememberthat_______(64)enteringaroomequals

passivesolarheating.Evenoncoldwinterdays,sunstreamingintoaroomcanraisethetemperaturebyseveral_______(65).A

bright

B

rainy

Cfoggy

D

darK9.(单项选择题)(每题3.00分)MoreThanaRidetoSchoolTheNationalEducationAssociationclaims,“Theschoolbusisamirrorofthecommunity.”Theyfurtheraddthat，unfortunately,whatappearsontheexteriordoesnotalwaysreflecttherealityofachosencommunity.Theyareright—sometimesitreflectsmore!JustaskLieslDenson.RidingtheschoolbushasbeenmorethanaridetoschoolforLiesl.BruceHardy,schoolbusdriverforAlthouseBusCompanyhasbeenLiesl'sbusdriversincekindergarten.LastyearwhenLiesl’sfamilymovedtoParkesburg,knowingherbus.wentbyhernewresidence,sherequestedtoridethesamebus.ThisyearLieslisaseniorandwillenjoyherlastyearridingthebus.Shesays,“It’sbeenagreatridesofar!Mybusdriverissocoolandhasalwaysbeenagoodfriendandagoodlistener.Sometimeswhenyou’reachildadultsdonotthinkthatwhatyouhavetosayisimportant.Mr.Hardyalwayslistenstowhatyouhavetosayandmakesyoufeelimportant.”HerfriendsAshleyBatistaandAmandaWolfeagree.BruceHardyhasbeenmakingOctorarastudentsfeelspecialsince1975.Thisyearhewillcelebrate30yearsworkingforAlthouseBusCompany.LarryAlthouse,presidentofthecompany,acknowledgesBruceHardy’soutstandingrecord：“YoudonotcomebyemployeeslikeBrucethesedays.Hehasnevermissedadayofworkandhasaperfectdrivingrecord.Hewasrecognizedin2000bythePennsylvaniaSchoolBusAssociationfordriving350,000accidentfreemiles.Hardy’sreputationismadefurtherevidentthroughtherelationshipshehasmadewiththestudentsthatridehisbus.”Althousefurtheradds,“AlthouseBusCompanywasestablished70yearsagoandhasbeenprovidingqualitytransportationeversince.Mygrandfatherstartedthebusinesswithonebus.AlthouseBusCompanyisdelightedtohavetheopportunitytobringdistinctiveandsafeservicetoourlocalschoolandcommunityandlooksforwardtocontinuingtoprovidequalityserviceformanymoreyearstocome.”Threegenerationsisnotallthecompanyhasenjoyed.ThankstodriverslikeBruceHardy,theyhavebeenbuildingrelationshipsthroughgenerations.Liesl’smotherCarolalsoenjoysfondmemoriesofridingBruceHardy’sbustotheOctoraraSchoolDistrict.Theword“mirror”inthefirstlinecouldbebestreplacedbyA.vehicle.B.device.C.need.D.reflection.10.(单项选择题)(每题1.70分)共用题干AHeroicWoman

The

wholeoftheUnitedStatescheereditslatesthero,AshleySmith,withtheFederalBureauofinvestigationsayingitwasplanningtogiveabigrewardtoherforhavingabraveheartandwisemind.

______(46)She

was

moving

into

her

apartmentin

Atlanta,Georgia

earlyon

the

morningof

March

12,whena

man

followed

hertoher

door

and

puta

gunto

her

side."I

started

walkingtomy

door,and

Ifeltreally,really

afraid,"she

saidina

TV

interview

last

week.The

man

was

BrianNichols,33.Hewassuspectedof

killing

three

people

atan

Atlanta

courthouse（法院）on

March11and

laterof

killingafederalagent.______(47)Nichols

tied

Smithup

with

tape,but

released

her

after

she

repeatedly

begged

him

notto

take

her

life."I

told

himif

he

hurt

me,my

little

girl

wouldn't

haveamummy",she

said.In

ordertocalm

the

man

down,she

readtohimfrom"ThePurpose-DrivenLife",abest-sellingreligiousbook.Heaskedhertorepeataparagraphabout"what

you

thought

your

purposein

life

was,whattalents

wereyougiven.______（48)"Ibasically

just

talkedtohim

and

triedtogain

his

trust."Smith

said.

Smith

said

she

asked

Nichols

whyhechose

her.He

saidhe

thought"I

wasan

angel

sent

from

God,and

we

were

Christian

sister

and

brother",she

said,"And

thathe

was

lost,and

that

God

led

himtome

totell

him

thathe

had

hurta

lotof

people."______(49)She

said

Nichols

was

surprised

when

she

made

him

breakfast

and

that

the

two

ofthem

watched

television

coverage（报道）

ofthe

police

hunt

for

him."I

cannot

believe

that's

me."Nichols

told

the

woman.Then,Nichols

asked

Smith

what

she

thoughthe

shoulddo

.Shesaid,"I

think

you

should

turn

yourself

in.If

you

don't,lots

more

people

are

goingtogethurt."

Eventually,he

let

her

go.______(50)A

US

$

60,000

reward

hadbeen

posted

for

Nichols'

capture.

Authorities

said

they

did

not

yet

know

ifSmith

wouldbeeligible

（有资格的）forthatmoney.

______(47)A.Thelocalpoliceweresearchingforhim.B.Smithisa26-year-oldsinglemotherwithadaughter.C.SmithtriedveryhardtokillNichols.D.Sheevencookedbreakfastforthemanbeforeheallowedhertoleave.E.Andthetwoofthemdiscussedthistopic.F.Thenshecalledthepolice.11.(单项选择题)(每题1.00分)Thefoodis→insufficient←forthreepeople.A.instantB.infiniteC.ExpensiveD.inadequate12.(单项选择题)(每题1.00分)Theindustrialrevolution→modified←thewholestructureofEnglishsociety.A.destroyedB.brokeC.smashedD.changed13.(单项选择题)(每题3.00分)

GrossNationalHappiness

Inthelastcentury,newtechnologyimprovedthelivesofmanypeopleinmanycountries.However,onecountryresistedthesechanges.HighintheHimalayanmountainsofAsia,thekingdomofBhutanremainedseparate.ItspeopleandBuddhist(佛教)culturehadnotbeenaffectedforalmostathousandyears.Bhutan,however,wasapoorcountry.Peoplediedatayoungage.Mostofitspeoplecouldnotreadmandtheydidnotknowmuchabouttheoutsideworld.Then,in1972,anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutantobecomemodem,butwithoutlosingitstraditions.

KingWangchucklookedatothercountriesforideas.HesawthatmostcountriesmeasuredtheirprogressbytheirGrossNationalProduct(GNP).TheGNPmeasuresproductsandmoney.Whenthenumberofproductssoldincreases,peoplesaythecountryismakingprogress.KingWangchuckhadadifferentideaforBhutan.Hewantedtomeasurehiscountry’sprogressbypeople’shappiness.Ifthepeople’shappinessincreased,thekingcouldsaythatBhutanwasmakingprogress.Todecideifpeoplewerehappier,hecreatedameasurecalledGrossNationalHappiness(GNH).

GNHisbasedoncertainprinciplesthatcreatehappiness.Peoplearehappieriftheyhavehealthcare,education,andjobs.Theyarehappierwhentheyliveinahealthy,protectedenvironment.Theyarehappierwhentheycankeeptheirtraditionalcultureandcustoms.Finally,peoplearehappierwhentheyhaveagood,stablegovernment.

NowthereissomeevidenceofincreasedGNHinBhutan.Peoplearehealthierandarelivinglonger.Morepeopleareeducatedandemployed.Twenty-fivepercentofthelandhasbecomenationalparks,andthecountryhasalmostnopollution.TheBhutanesecontinuetoweartheirtraditionalclothingandfollowtheirancientBuddhistcustoms.Bhutanhasalsobecomeademocracy.In2008,KingWangchuckgavehispowertohisson.Althoughthecountrystillhadaking,ithelditsfirstdemocraticelectionsthatyear.Bhutanhadpoliticalpartiesandpoliticalcandidatesforthefirsttime.Finally,BhutanhasconnectedtotherestoftheworldthroughtelevisionandtheInternet.

BhutanisasymboHorsocialprogress.ManycountriesarenowinterestedinBhutan'sGNH.Thesecountriesareinvestigatingtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.Theywanttocreatenewpoliciesthattakecareoftheirpeople,cultures,andland.

BrazilmaybethenextcountrytousetheprinciplesofGNH.BrazilianleadersseetheprinciplesofGNHasasourceofinspiration.Brazilisalargecountrywithadiversepopulation.IfhappinessworksasameasureofprogressinBrazil,perhapstherestoftheworldwillfollow. AcountryshowsitsprogresswithGNPbyAspendingmoremoney.Bspendinglessmoney.Csellingmoreproducts.Dprovidingmorejobs.14.(单项选择题)(每题1.00分)Alargecrowd→assembled←outsidetheAmericanEmbassyAwatched

Bshouted

Cwalked

Dgathered15.(单项选择题)(每题1.00分)下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。 BiologicalIdentificationTechnologiesWhenapersonwalks,themovementofhishead,trunk,andlimbs(肢体）areallreflectedinchangesinhisbody.A.computerstoresthese____________(1)intoadatabase（数据库）.Later,thecomputercanaccurately_______(2)himaccordingtothesechanges.Thisisanewbiologicalidentification____________(3)anditcanquicklyidentifyanexamineewithoutdisturbinghim.Everybody’svoiceis____________(4).Whenaperson’svoiceisrecordedbyaninstrumenthisvoicefrequencyspectrum（频谱）iscalledsoundprint.____________(5)afingerprint,everybody’ssoundprintisdifferent.Howcanacomputer____________(6)hissound?First,hisvoiceisrecorded,____________(7)allowsthecomputertobecomefamiliarwithhisvoice.Itwillthenturnhissoundcharacteristicsintoaseriesofdigits（数字）.Thesearethe____________(8)onwhichthecomputercandistinguishhisvoicefromanother's.WeoftenbringIDcards,workcards,ordrivinglicenseswithusto____________(9)ouridentity.Ifallthesecardsareforgottenorlost,howcanweprovewhomweare?In(10)，it’snotdifficulttoprovewhomyouare，_________(11)yourbodyitselfhasidentifyingmarkers.Somearephysiological（生理的）features，suchasfingerprints，sounds，facial（面部的）typesandeyecolor.Thecomputercan____________(12)toidentifyyou.Supposeyourfeatureshavealreadybeen____________(13)inthedatabase.Toidentifyyou,wehavetotakeyourpicturewithacameraandsendittoacomputerfor____________(14).First,thecomputerneedstorepositionthispictureaccordingtothepositionofyoureyes,andthenstartstoreadthe____________(15)ofyourphysiologicalfeaturessuchastheratioofyourpupiltothewhitesofyoureyesandtheshapeofyournose.Next,itseeksmatchingrecordsfromthedatabase.Finally,itmakesadecision.(5)→←AwithB.likeC.forD.as16.(单项选择题)(每题1.00分)WhatIstheCoolestGasintheUniverse?WhatisthecoldestairtemperatureeverrecordedonEarth?Wherewasthislowtemperaturerecorded?ThecoldestrecordedtemperatureonEarthwas-911),which(51)inAntarctica(南极洲）in1983.Weencounteraninterestingsituationwhenwediscusstemperaturesin_(52)_TemperaturesinEarthorbit(轨道)actuallyrangefromabout+120to-1201).Thetemperaturedependsupon__(53)youareindirectsunlightorinshade.Obviously，-1201)iscolderthanourbodycan(54)endure.Thespacetemperaturesjustdiscussedaffectonlyourareaofthesolar__(55).Obviously,itishotterclosertotheSunandcolderaswetravel(56)fromtheSun.ScientistsestimatetemperaturesatPlutoareabout一210t).Howcoldisthelowestestimatedtemperatureintheentireuniverse?Again,itdependsuponyour(57).Wearetaughtitissupposedly___(58)tohaveatemperaturebelowabsolutezero,whichisatwhichatomsdonotmove.Twoscientists,CornellandWieman,havesuccessfully_(59)downagastoatemperaturebarelyaboveabsolutezero.TheywonaNobelPrizeinPhysicsin2001fortheirwork一notadiscovery,inthiscase.Whyisthetwoscientists，worksoimportanttoscience?Inthe1920s,SatyendraNathBosewasstudyinganinteresting_____(60)aboutspeciallightparticles(微粒）wenowcallphotons(光子）_Bosehadtrouble_(61)otherscientiststobelievehistheory,sohecontactedAlbertEinstein.Einstein’scalculationshelpedhimtheorizethatatoms(62)behaveasBosethought一butonlyatverycoldtemperatures.Scientistshavealsodiscoveredthatultra-cold(超冷）atomscanhelpthemmaketheworld’satomicclockseven(63)accurate.Theseclocksaresoaccuratetodaytheywouldonlyloseonesecond_(64)sixmillionyears!Suchaccuracywillhelpustravelinspacebecausedistanceisvelocity(速度）timestime(of=w).Withthelongdistancesinvolvedinspace(65)，weneedtoknowtimeasaccuratelyaspossibletogetaccuratedistance.A.thatB.suchC.moreD.much17.(单项选择题)(每题1.00分)Beefisanexcellentmaterialofiron.A.beginningB.storageC.sourceD.substance18.(单项选择题)(每题1.00分)Lakes,Too,FeelGlobalWarmingThere’snodoubt：Inthelastfewdecades,theaveragetemperatureonEarthhasbeenhigherthanithasbeeninhundredsofyears.Aroundtheworld,peoplearestartingtomeasuretheeffectsofglobalwarming一andtryingtofigureoutwhattodoaboutit.Scientistsrecentlyusedsatellitestostudythetemperaturesoflakesaroundtheworld,andtheyfoundthatlakesareheatingup.Between1985and2009,satellitesre