2023年考研考博-考博英语-西南交通大学历年高频考题黑钻摘选版附带答案

2023年考研考博-考博英语-西南交通大学历年高频考题黑钻摘选版附带答案（图片大小可自由调整）答案解析附后第1卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Thecomputerrevolutionmaywellchangesocietyas（）asdidtheIndustrialRevolution.问题1选项A.certainlyB.insignificantlyC.fundamentallyD.comparatively2.单选题Iamafraidtosleep.Ihavebeenafraidtosleepforthelastfewweeks.Iamsotiredthat,finally,Idosleep,butonlyforafewminutes.Itisnotabaddreamthatwakesme;itistherealityItookwithmeintosleep.1trytothinkofsomethingelse.Immediatelythewomaninthemarketplacecomesintomymind.IwasonmywaytodinnerlastnightwhenIsawher.Shewassellingskirts.ShemovedwiththesameeaseandlovelinessIoftensawinthewomenofLaos.Herlongblackhairwasasshinyastheblacksilkoftheskirtsshewasselling.Inherhair,sheworethreesilkribbons,blue,green,andwhite.TheyremindedmeofmychildhoodandhowmygirlfriendsandIusedtospendhoursbraidingribbonsintoourhair.Idon’tknowthewordfor“ribbons”，soIputmyhandtomyownhairand,withthreefingersagainstmyhead.Ilookedatherribbonsandsaid“beautiful”.Sheloweredhereyesandsaidnothing.Iwasn’tsureifsheunderstoodme(Idon’tspeakLaotianverywell).Ilookedbackdownattheskirts.Theyhaddesignsinthem:squaresandtrianglesandcirclesofpinkandgreensilk.Theywereverypretty.Idecidedtobuyoneofthoseskirts,andIbegantobargainwithherovertheprice.ItisthecustomtobargaininAsia.InLaosbargainingisdoneinsoftvoicesandeasymoveswiththesortofquietpeacefulness.Shesmiled,morewithhereyesthanwithherlips.ShewaspleasedbythefewwordsIwasabletosayinherlanguage,althoughtheyweremostlynumbers,andshesawthatIunderstoodsomethingaboutthesoftplayfulnessofbargaining.Weshookourheadsindisagreementovertheprice;then,immediately,wemadeanotherofferandthenanothershakeofthehead.Shewassopleasedthatunexpectedly,sheacceptedthelastofferImade.Butitwastoosoon.Thepricewastoolow.Shewasbeingtoogenerousandwouldn'tmakeenoughmoney.Imovedquicklyandpickeduptwomoreskirtsandpaidforallthreetimesasmuchbeforeshehadachancetolowerthepriceforthelargerpurchase.Shesmiledopenlythen,and,forthefirsttimeinmonths,myspiritlifted.Ialmostfelthappy.Thefeelingstayedwithmewhileshewrappedtheskirtsinanewspaperandhandedthemtome.WhenIleft,though,thefeelingleft.too.Itwasasthoughitstayedbehindinmarketplace.Ilefttearsinmythroat,Iwantedtocry.Ididn’tofcourse.Ihavelearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatishard;withoutknowingit,Ihavealsolearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatissoftandwhatshouldbeeasy.Igetup,lightacandleandwanttolookattheskirts.Theyarestillinthenewspaperthatthewomanwrappedthemin.IremovethepaperandraisetheskirtsuptolookatthemagainbeforeIpackthem.Somethingfallstofloor.Ireachdownandfeelsomethingcoolinmyhand.ImoveclosetothecradlelighttoseewhatIhave.Therearefivelongsilkribbonsinmyhand,alldifferentcolors.Thewomaninthemarketplace!Shehasgiventheseribbonstome!Thereisnodefenseagainstagenerousspirit,andthistimeIcry.andveryhard,asifIcouldmakeupforallthemonthsthatIdidn'tcry.1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?2.Thewriterassumedthatthewomanacceptedthelastoffermainlybecausethewoman（）.3.Whydidthewriterfinallydecidetobuythreeskirts?4.Whendidthewriterleftthemarketplace,shewantedtocry,butdidnotbecause（）.5.Whydidthewritercryeventuallywhenshelookedattheskirtsagain?问题1选项A.Thewriterwasnotusedtobargaining.B.PeopleinAsiaalwaysbargainwhenbuyingthings.C.BargaininginLaoswasquietandpeaceful.D.Thewriterwasreadytobargainwiththewoman.问题2选项A.thoughtthatthelastofferwasreasonableB.thoughtshecouldstillmakemuchmoneyC.wasgladthatthewriterknewtheirwayofbargainingD.wastiredofbargainingwiththewriteranymore问题3选项A.Theskirtswerecheapandpretty.B.Shelikedthepatternsontheskirts.C.Shewantedtodosomethingascompensation.D.Shewasfedupwithfurtherbargainingwiththewoman.问题4选项A.shehadlearnedtostaycoolandunfeelingB.shewasafraidofcryinginpublicC.shehadlearnedtofacedifficultiesbravelyD.shehadtoshowinpublicthatshewasstrong.问题5选项A.Shesuddenlyfeltverysad.B.Shelikedtheribbonssomuch.C.Shewasovercomebyemotion.D.Shefeltsorryforthewoman.3.单选题Theapparentpurposeofallowingthegovernmenttoinvestthetrustfundistotakeadvantageofthehigherreturnsfromprivatecapitalmarkets.Thereisstrongevidence,though,thatthegovernment’sinvestmentpolicysubstantiallycouldundercutthereturnsitotherwisemightexpecttoreceive.HighcapitalmarketreturnsintheUSarederivedfromthehighproductivityofcapitalandtheefficiencyofthemarket.InvestmentoftheSocialsecuritytrustfundinprivatecapitalmarketswillhurtbothofthesesourcesofAmericaneconomicperformance;capitalwillbelessproductiveandmarketswillbelessefficient.A1994studybytheWorldBankofgovernment-managedpensionfundinvestmentsaroundtheworldfoundthattheygenerallyearnedlowerannualreturnsthanprivatelymanagedpensioninvestments.Itshowedthatgovernmentsgenerallypursuedoneoftwopoliciesfortheirinvestments,bothfundamentallyflawed.Onewastoinvestheavilyingovernmentsecurities,whichcansuchlowerreturnsthan,forexample,stocks.Therearetworeasonsforthispolicy.First,thereisacautionarysearchforsafeinvestmentsbecausegovernmentsfearthepoliticalreactionifamoreaggressiveinvestmentpolicyweretoleadtoadverseresults.Second,buyingupgovernmentdebtallowthegovernmenttodefertheconsequencesofitsownoverspending.Indeed,thereisevidencethatthepowertoshiftgovernmentdebtintopensionfundsactuallymayinducethemtospendandborrowmore.Borrowingfromthepensionfundislesstransparentthandoingsofromtheopencapitalmarket.Inmanycases,suchborrowingisnotevenreportedaspublicdebt,andtheinterestratemaybelower.ThisalreadyisoccurringwiththeSocialSecuritytrustfund.ThecurrentsurplusisusedtopurchaseFederalTreasuryobligationsthatarecreditedtotheSocialSecuritytrustfund.Thegovernmentthenutilizesthemoneyithasborrowedfromthetrustfundtomeetcurrentoperatingexpenses.Theotherinvestmentpolicypursuedbygovernment-controlledpensionfundsistoinvestingovernment-supportedprojects,suchasstate-ownedenterprisesorpublichousing.Again,theresultoftenisextremelylowratesofreturn.Infact,suchinvestmentsfrequentlylosemoney.Moreover,governmentinvestmentleadstogreatergovernmentinvolvementintheeconomythatcould,inturn,leadtopoliciesthatsloweconomicgrowthandreducethereturnoncapitalforallinvestors,includingthegovernmentitself.1.Accordingtotheauthor,governmentinvestmentoftheSocialSecuritytrustfund（）.2.A1994studybytheWorldBankofgovernment-managedpensionfundinvestments（）.3.Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthat（）.4.Whattonedidtheauthoradoptinthispassage?5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?问题1选项A.willresultinhigherreturnsfromprivatecapitalmarketsB.canhaveanegativeeffectontheefficiencyofthemarketsC.willgiveanimpetustoeconomicdevelopmentD.canpromoteproductivityofcapital问题2选项A.mettheexpectationofthehigherannualreturnsB.excludedthepossibilityofamoreaggressiveinvestmentC.failedtomeetwiththegovernment’santicipationD.failedtoreflectthetruestateofeconomy问题3选项A.investmentsingovernment-supportedprojectsoftenearnhighannualreturnsB.greatergovernmentinvolvementintheeconomycouldimpedeeconomicgrowthC.businessinvestmentsinpublichousingfrequentlylosemoneyD.theinvestmentpolicypursuedbygovernment-controlledpensionfundsisfundamentallyprofitable问题4选项A.SatireB.ExposureC.AttackD.Criticism问题5选项A.GovernmentpoliciesfuelthegovernmentinvestmentintheeconomyandkeepitontherighttrackB.Governmentinvolvementintheeconomywillultimatelysloweconomicgrowth.C.Governmentinvestmentingovernment-supportedprojectsisafallacyD.Governmentmightearnhigherreturnsifitinvestsinstocks4.单选题

Ifpromptmeasuresaretaken,wearesurethatilliteracyinthisregioncanbe（）innotime.问题1选项A.eliminatedB.abandonedC.diminishedD.withdrawn5.单选题Centuriesago,mandiscoveredthatremovingmoisturefromfoodhelpstopreserveit,andthattheeasiestwaytodothisistoexposethefoodtosunandwind.InthiswaytheNorthAmericanIndiansproducepemmican(driedmeatgroundintopowderandmadeintocakes),theScandinaviansmakestockfishandtheArabsdrieddatesand“apricotleather”.Allfoodsincludingwatercabbageandotherleafvegetablescontainsasmuchas93%water,potatoesandotherrootvegetables80%,leanmeat75%andfish,anythingfrom80%to60%,dependingonhowfattyitis.Ifthiswaterisremoved,theactivityofthebacteriawhichcausefoodtogobadischecked.Fruitissun-driedinAsiaMinor,Greece,SpainandotherMediterraneancountries,andalsoinCalifornia.SouthAfricaandAustralia.Themethodsusedvary,butingeneral,thefruitisspreadoutontraysindryingyardsinthehotsun.Inordertopreventdarkening,pears,peachesandapricotsareexposedtothefumesofburningsulfurbeforedrying.Plums,formakingprunesandcertainvarietiesofgrapesformakingraisinsandcurrants,aredippedinanalkalinesolutioninordertocracktheskinsofthefruitslightlyandremovetheirwaxcoating,soastoIncreasetherateofdrying.Nowadaysmostfoodsaredriedmechanically.Theconventionalmethodofsuchdehydrationistoputfoodinchambersthroughwhichhotairisblownattemperaturesofabout110°Catentrytoabout43°Catexit.Thisistheusualmethodfordryingsuchthingsasvegetables,mincedmeat,andfish.Liquidssuchasmilk,coffee,tea,soupsandeggsmaybedriedbypouringthemoveraheatedsteelcylinderorbysprayingthemintoachamberthroughwhichacurrentofhotairpasses.Inthefirstcase,thedriedmaterialisscrapedofftherollerasathinfilmwhichisthenbrokenupintosmall,thoughstillrelativelycoarseflakes.Inthesecondprocessitfallstothebottomofthechamberasafinepowder.Whererecognizableplacesofmeatandvegetablesarerequired,asinsoup,theingredientsaredriedseparatelyandthenmixed.Driedfoodstakeuplessroomandweighlessthanthesamefoodpackedincansorfrozen,andtheydonotneedtobestoredinspecialconditions.Forthesereasonstheyareinvaluabletotheclimbers,explorersandsoldiersinbattle,whohavelittlestoragespace.Theyarealsopopularwithhousewivesbecauseittakessolittletimetocookthem.Usuallyitisjustacaseofreplacingthedried-outmoisturewithboilingwater.1.Theopen-airmethodofdryingfood（）.2.Bacteriawhichcausefoodtogobad（）.3.Nowadaysvegetablesaremostcommonlydried（）.4.Driedfoods（）.5.Housewiveslikedriedfoodsbecausethey（）.问题1选项A.istheonemostcommonlyusedtodayB.wasinventedbytheAmericanIndiansC.hasbeenknownforhundredsofyearsD.tendstobeunhygienic问题2选项A.cannotliveinsunlightB.arekilledbydryingC.areinnowaydependentonthewatercontentD.havetheiractivitygreatlyreducedbydrying问题3选项A.onhorizontalcylindersB.inhot-airchambersC.inthesunandwindD.usingtheopentraymethod问题4选项A.areoftenpackedincansorfrozenB.areusedbysoldiersandclimbersC.needmorestoragespacethansoldiersusuallyhaveavailableD.aremuchcheaperthancannedorfrozenproducts问题5选项A.arequicktoprepareB.tastebetterC.canbepreservedbyboilinginwaterD.lookfreshandappetizingwhencooked6.单选题Youdon'thavetoinstallthisradioinyournewcar,it'san（）extra.问题1选项A.excessiveB.optionalC.additionalD.arbitrary7.单选题Therewasoncean（）ideathattheearthwasflatandmotionless.问题1选项A.absurdB.intrinsicC.eternalD.offensive8.单选题Thesecurityguard（）twomenwhowereyellinginthecourtroom.问题1选项A.dispelledB.propelledC.repelledD.expelled9.单选题Smugglingisa（）activitywhichmightbringdestructiontooureconomy;therefore,itmustbebanned.问题1选项A.pertinentB.fruitfulC.detrimentalD.casual10.单选题

InBritainpeople（）fourmilliontonsofpotatoeseveryyear.问题1选项A.swallowB.disposeC.consumeD.exhaust11.单选题Youmustinsistthatstudentsgiveatruthfulanswer（）withtherealityoftheirworld.问题1选项A.relevantB.simultaneousC.consistentD.practical12.单选题Thegirl（）thedolltoherbosomwhichnowwasheronlypossessionintheworld.问题1选项A.grabbedB.graspedC.snatchedD.clutched13.单选题Didyounoticethe（）onthedoctor'sfacewhenheardthatKinohadfoundthepearloftheworld?问题1选项A.appearanceB.expressionC.descriptionD.look14.单选题Americansloveajuicystory.Wewantintimatedetails,andthemediaishappytocomply,butweforgetthatpeople’slivesareatstake.Acrimeisnotaformofentertainmentfromwhichtoderiveperversepleasure.Itisthefailureofapersontoliveuptohisorherobligationsasalaw-abidingcitizen,andtilemediashouldreportitassuch.Recently,severalmajorcrimeshavebeensensationalized.Asfarasthemediaisconcerned,themoregruesomethecrime,thebetter.TaketheMenedezbrothers’caseorthetrialofthepolicemenwhobeatRodneyKing.Ifafamouspersonisaccused,membersofthepressappeartosmacktheirlipsandwritingtheirhandsinanticipation.Insertsexorrace,asintheO.J.Simpsonmurdertrial,andthejournalists’oddestdreamscometrue.Butsuchexploitationisnotharmlessentertainment.IttearsatthecoreoftheAmericanJudicialsystemafairtrialbyanimpartialjury.Ajurorissupposedtobeobjectiveandhasnopreconceivedopinionabouttheguiltorinnocenceoftheaccused:however,themedia’sbombardingthepublicwithinformationaboutacrimetrueorotherwisemakesfindingtwelvepeoplewhohavenoopinionaboutitnearlyimpossible.IntheMenendezcase,forexample,twobrotherswereaccusedofmurderingtheirparents.Initially,thiscasereceivedmediaattentionbecausethevictims’childrenwereaccusedofthemurders;however,whenthebrothersclaimedtheykilledtheirparentsbecausetheyhadbeenmolestedbythem,thepressreallywentwild.Formonthsbeforethetrial,everypaperandnewsprogramcontainedsomethingaboutthecrime.Onlythenwasthejuryselected.Thus,eventhoughnoproofwaseverfoundtosupportthebrothersallegationsofmolestation,theirtrialsendedinhungjuries.TheRodneyKingincidentgainednationalattentionwhenavideotapeoftheraciallymotivatedbeatingwasshownontelevision.Inthebeginning,thefactsabouttheincidentwerereported,butastimewentoninformationonRodneyKing’spersonallifewaspublicized,Mr.Kingwasportrayedasasleazyex-convictfromtheghettowhodeservedwhathappenedtohimbecausehehadresistedarrest.Inreality,RodneyKingwasthevictiminthiscrime,andhispersonallifehadnothadtodowithhisbeingsoseverelybeaten.However,thepresschosetomakehispersonallifeanissue.Asresult,attheendofthefirsttrial,thepoliceofficers,whohadbeencaughtonvideotapekickingandpunchingMr.Kingandagainstwhomafellowpoliceofficerhadtestified,weresetfree.Today,thebigstoryistheO.J.Simpsonmurdertrial,whichhasbeensplashedacrossnewspapersandtelevisionsallovertheworld.Themediahasmadeitnearlyimpossibletoselectanimpartialjurybecauseofitslackofresponsibilityinreportingthecase.Forexample,earlyintheinvestigation,thepressreportedthatasocksoakedwithNicoleSimpson’sbloodhadbeenfoundinO.J.’sbedroom.Thejudge,defense,andprosecutionalldeniedthatanysuchevidenceexisted.Atfirst,themediastoodbythestory.Twodayslater,theyretracteditbutwithoutthefanfarethathadaccompaniedthefirstreport.1.Ifapublicfigureisaccused,whatwouldhappen?2.Thesentence“people’slivesareatstake”(paragraph1)mightmean（）.3.TheRodneyKingexampleisusedtoshowthat（）.4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.5.Theauthor’stoneinwritingthisarticleis（）.问题1选项A.Themediawouldsidewithhimorher.B.Thepresswouldtrytoinfluencethejury'sjudgment.C.Journalistswouldbeoverjoyedtohavesomethingtobuildtheirstorieson.D.Sexandracewouldbeinsertedinthenewspaperreport.问题2选项A.people’slivesareinvolvedB.people’sliveswillbegreatlyaffectedC.peoplewillhavetostaketheirownlivesD.people’sliveswillberisked问题3选项A.one'spastwillsoonerorlatercatchupwithhimB.racialprejudiceisstilldeeplyrootedinpeople’smindC.publicopinionmaybeeasilyaffectedbybiasedreportD.theaccusedhasnoprivacyatall问题4选项A.thepressmighthaveimpliedthatO.J.SimpsoncommittedmurderB.themediawasforcedtosilenceintheSimpsonmurdertrialC.thejudgedefenseandprosecutionhavetakenbribeD.thepresswasafraidofbeingaccusedofslander问题5选项A.informativeB.criticalC.retrospectiveD.affirmative15.单选题Theoldbuildingsblendwiththenewonesinperfect（）,soawalkalongZhongshanRoadisanenjoyablediscovery.问题1选项A.harmonyB.orderC.controlD.action16.单选题Womenhavesignificantadvantagesovermeninspacebecausetheyneedlessfoodandlessoxygenandthey（）radiationbetter.问题1选项A.standinwithB.standinforC.standupforD.standupto17.单选题“Oh,I’mtoosleepytostudy.”“Well,ifyou（）thatlatemovielastnight,youwouldn'thavebeensosleepy.”问题1选项A.didn’twatchB.haven’twatchedC.haven’twatchedD.hadn’twatched18.单选题Folkloreisthebranchofthestudyofman(anthropology)whichdealswithlocalcustoms,talesandtraditions—forthesethingscanbescientificallystudiedjustlikeanythingelse.Everybodyisastore-houseoffolklore,thoughnoteverybodyrealizesit.Often,indeed,thepeoplewithleastbookeducationcommonlycherishmostfirmlyoldideasandsuperstitionswhichhavebeenpassedonbywordofmouthforgenerations,anditistheywhocarryonfaithfullythecustomsoftheirparentsandgrandparents.Everyonehasheardstoriesofghosts,witches,fairies,andgiants.Weallknowsomeproverbsandhavecomeacrosssuchideasas,forexample,thatitisluckytoseeablackcatandunluckytoseeasinglemagpie.Wekeepcertainseasonsoftheyearasfestivals,suchasChristmas,andwearefamiliarwiththespecialcustomsconnectedwithweddingsandfunerals.ItwouldbehardtofindanybodywhohadnotplayedgamessuchasBlindMan’sBuff.Allsuchthingsareofinteresttothosewhostudyfolklore.Peoplewhoarestudyingfolkloreputoutoftheirmindstheinclinationtocriticizeassilly,childish,orold-fashioned,theoldbeliefsandpracticestheycomeacross.Theyfirstofalltrytocollectaccuraterecordsofthem,thenseehowtheseareconnectedwithotherideasandcustomsofotherplacesortimes.Bycomparisonwithwhatisknownofoldtimesorthefolkloreofothercountries,theyendeavortodiscoverhowcertainbeliefsandpracticescameintobeing,andwhatpurposetheyservenoworusedtoserveinthepast.Oftenwefindthatthebeliefswhichseemmostpeculiarandunreasonable,andthecustomswhichappearleastpractical,areofthegreatestinterestandimportancebecausetheyarecommonlytheoldest.Sometimestheywerepartofanancientritualorservedausefulpurposewhenpeople’swayoflifewasdifferentfromwhatitisnow.Sowenotonlylearnaboutwhatpeoplethoughtanddidinthepastbutarebetterabletounderstandpresentcustoms.Peopleoftenkeepupcustomswhentheyhaveforgottentheoriginalreasonforthem,andinthecourseoftimeafreshreasongetsattachedtothecustom.Thus,whensomejokertiesanoldshoetothebackofthetaxitakingthebrideandbridegroomtostationfortheirhoneymoon,hewouldsayitwas"forluck,"butactuallyashoeisanoldfertilitysymbolandhasaplaceintheweddingcustomsofChinaandPalestine.1.Whichofthefollowingaccordingtothewriter,canbemostusefultopeoplewhostudyfolklore?2.Howdopeopleusuallypassonoldideasandsuperstitions?3.Whichofthefollowingartpeoplewhostudyfolkloremostunlikelytodo?4.Whichofthefollowingisthereasonwhypeoplestudyfolklore?5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutcustoms?问题1选项A.AnoldfarmerwhosefamilyhasbeenlivinginthecountryforgenerationsB.Aprofessorofmedicineatauniversity.C.Acarpenterwhohasbeeninthetradeforyears.D.Alittlegirlwhohasjuststartedtogotoschool.问题2选项A.Bypuffingtheminalargestore-houseB.BywritingthemdowninbooksC.BywordofmouthD.Byplayinggames问题3选项A.Collectingrecordsofoldbeliefsandpractices.B.Comparingthepresentcustomswiththoseofoldtimes.C.Findingoutthepurposecertainbeliefsandpracticesserveorusedtoserve.D.Criticizingtheoldbeliefsandsuperstitions.问题4选项A.Becauseitisascience.B.Becausetheywanttobetterunderstandpresentcustoms.C.Becausetheywanttofurtherdeveloptheoldbeliefsandcustoms.D.Becausetheywanttoshowhowold-fashionedandsillytheoldbeliefsandpracticesare.问题5选项A.Thecustomswhichappearunpracticalareworthlesstopeoplewhostudyfolklore.B.Thereasonsforcertaincustomsmaychangeinthecourseofhistory.C.Presentcustomshavenothingtodowiththoseofoldtimes.D.TheweddingcustomsofChinaandPalestineareverysimilar.19.单选题Topreventfloodinginwinterthewaterflowingfromthedamisconstantly（）byacomputer.问题1选项A.gradedB.managedC.conductedD.monitored20.单选题

Inthe（）oftheprojectnotbeingasuccess,theinvestorsstandtoloseupto$30million.问题1选项A.faceB.timeC.courseD.event第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】C【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项certainly“当然；必定”；B选项insignificantly“无关紧要地”；C选项fundamentally“根本地，从根本上；基础地”；D选项comparatively“比较地；相当地”。句意：计算机革命可能会像工业革命一样从根本上改变我们的社会。因此C符合句意。2.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:C第4题:A第5题:C【解析】第1题:细节事实题。A:作者不习惯讨价还价。B:亚洲人买东西总是讲价。C:在老挝，讨价还价是安静而和平的。D:作家准备和那个女人讨价还价。第五段指出:Idecidedtobuyoneofthoseskirts,andIbegantobargainwithherovertheprice.ItisthecustomtobargaininAsia(我决定买一条那样的裙子，我开始和她讨价还价。在亚洲，讨价还价是一种习俗)。由此得知，B项和D项正确。第五段还指出:InLaosbargainingisdoneinsoftvoicesandeasymoveswiththesortofquietpeacefulness(在老挝，讨价还价是以较低的声音，和一种轻松平静的方式进行的)。因此C项正确。只有A项在原文中找不到线索，故选A。第2题:细节事实题。第六段指出:ShewaspleasedbythefewwordsIwasabletosayinherlanguage,althoughtheyweremostlynumbers,andshesawthatIunderstoodsomethingaboutthesoftplayfulnessofbargaining(对于我能够说一些她们国家的语言她感到非常高兴，虽然我说的大部分都是一些数字，但是在她看来我是非常清楚这种轻松愉悦的讨价还价的方式的)。由此可知这位姑娘因作者能够说她们国家的语言和懂得相关的讨价还价的方式而感到高兴。后面接着写到:Shewassopleasedthatunexpectedly,sheacceptedthelastofferImade(她感到非常开心，以至于让我感到意外的是，她竟然接受了我最后的出价)。因此C项“感到高兴，因为作者知道她们讨价还价的方法”正确。第3题:细节事实题。第六段指出:Thepricewastoolow.Shewasbeingtoogenerousandwouldn'tmakeenoughmoney.Imovedquicklyandpickeduptwomoreskirtsandpaidforallthreetimesasmuchbeforeshehadachancetolowerthepriceforthelargerpurchase(这个价格实在是太低了。她太慷慨了，几乎赚不到什么钱。担心她因为我买得多而再次降低价格，我迅速地再挑了两条裙子，付钱，然后离开)。故选C项“她想做点什么作为补偿”。第4题:细节事实题。倒数第三段指出:Ihavelearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatishard;withoutknowingit,Ihavealsolearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatissoftandwhatshouldbeeasy(我学会了抗拒困难，不知不觉中，我也学会了不被温柔轻松俘获)。由此可见，作者没哭是因为她已经学会让情绪不轻易受到影响，故选A项“她已经学会了保持冷静”。第5题:细节事实题。最后一段指出:Thereisnodefenseagainstagenerousspirit,andthistimeIcry...(对于她的这种慷慨精神毫无防御，这次我哭了……)。因此作者最后还是哭了是因为当她再次打开包装想看一下这些裙子时才发现这位老挝姑娘送了自己五条长长的丝带，因此C项“她没有控制住自己的情绪”正确。3.【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:B第4题:D第5题:A【解析】第1题:细节事实题。第一段指出:HighcapitalmarketreturnsintheUSarederivedfromthehighproductivityofcapitalandtheefficiencyofthemarket.InvestmentoftheSocialsecuritytrustfundinprivatecapitalmarketswillhurtbothofthesesourcesofAmericaneconomicperformance;capitalwillbelessproductiveandmarketswillbelessefficient(美国资本市场的高回报源于资本的高生产率和市场的效率。社会保障信托基金对私人资本市场的投资将损害美国经济表现的这两个来源；资本的生产效率将降低，市场的效率也将降低)。因此，B项“对市场效率可能产生负面影响”正确。第2题:细节事实题。根据题干定位至第二段:A1994studybytheWorldBankofgovernment-managedpensionfundinvestmentsaroundtheworldfoundthattheygenerallyearnedlowerannualreturnsthanprivatelymanagedpensioninvestments(1994年，世界银行在全球范围内进行的一项研究发现，与私人管理的养老基金投资相比，它们的年回报率普遍较低)。因此C项“没有达到政府的预期目标”正确。第3题:判断推理题。最后一段最后一句指出:Moreover,governmentinvestmentleadstogreatergovernmentinvolvementintheeconomythatcould,inturn,leadtopoliciesthatsloweconomicgrowthandreducethereturnoncapitalforallinvestors,includingthegovernmentitself(此外，政府投资导致政府更多地干预经济，进而可能导致政策放缓经济增长，降低包括政府本身在内的所有投资者的资本回报率)。由此可知B项“政府对经济的更多参与可能会阻碍经济增长”正确。第4题:观点态度题。文章开头指出允许政府进行信贷投资的目的是利用私人资本市场的高额投资回报。然而有力的证据表明：政府的投资政策实质上可能减少它原本预期获得的投资回报。并且在结尾部分进一步指出了政府投资导致政府更多地干预经济，进而可能导致政策放缓经济增长，降低包括政府本身在内的所有投资者的资本回报率。可以看出文章作者的语气是在批评政府所采取的社会保障基金投资政策。故选D项。第5题:细节事实题。A:政府政策推动了政府投资，并让经济走上正轨。B:政府在经济方面的投资最终减慢经济增长。C:政府支持项目的投资是错误的。D:如果政府投资股市，或许收益更大。第一段第二句指出:Thereisstrongevidence,though,thatthegovernment’sinvestmentpolicysubstantiallycouldundercutthereturnsitotherwisemightexpecttoreceive(然而有力的证据表明：政府的投资政策实质上可能减少它原本预期获得的投资回报)。由此可知A项错误。最后一句指出:governmentinvestmentleadstogreatergovernmentinvolvementintheeconomythatcould,inturn,leadtopoliciesthatsloweconomicgrowth…(政府投资导致政府更多地干预经济，这有可能反过来导致相应政策的制定，这种政策进而会减慢经济增长)。因此B项正确。第三段第一句指出:Onewastoinvestheavilyingovernmentsecurities,whichcansuchlowerreturnsthan,forexample,stocks(其中之一是对政府债券大力投资，其回报远低于对股市之类的投资)。因此D项正确。最后一段指出:Again,theresultoftenisextremelylowratesofreturn(这种投资的结果还是回报率很低)，以及:Infact,suchinvestmentsfrequentlylosemoney(事实上，这种投资经常赔钱)。因此C项符合原文所述。故此题选A。4.【答案】A【解析】句意:如果迅速采取措施，我们相信该地区的文盲现象将很快消除。考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去分词形式。eliminate消除;排除;abandon放弃;遗弃；diminish减少;缩小；withdraw撤退;收回。空格处的逻辑主语是illiteracy(文盲现象)，因此A正确。5.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:B第4题:B第5题:A【解析】第1题:细节事实题。第一句指出:Centuriesago,mandiscoveredthatremovingmoisturefromfoodhelpstopreserveit,andthattheeasiestwaytodothisistoexposethefoodtosunandwind(几个世纪前，人类就发现了可以通过除去食物中的水分来达到储存的目的，并且最简单的除去水分的方法就是将食物暴露于阳光和风下面)，因此C项“已经知道几个世纪了”正确。第2题:细节事实题。第二段指出:Ifthiswaterisremoved,theactivityofthebacteriawhichcausefoodtogobadischecked(如果水分被除去，导致食物变质的细菌的活动将会受阻)。因此D项“它们的活性会因为干燥而大大降低”正确。第3题:细节事实题。第四段指出:Nowadaysmostfoodsaredriedmechanically.Theconventionalmethodofsuchdehydrationistoputfoodinchambersthroughwhichhotairisblownattemperaturesofabout110'Catentrytoabout43°Catexit.Th