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浙江省杭州市市拱宸中学2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Therearemanydictionarieshere,butwhichone
you?
A.isbelongingto
B.isbelongedto
C.belongsto
D.belongs参考答案:C2._________UKspends£390million_________yearontreatmentcenterstofightdruguse.A.
An;
the
B.The;
a
C./;
/
D.A;
/参考答案:B3.Moreandmorepeoplewouldliketoliveinthecountryside
thereisfresherairandlowerpriceofhousing.A.that
B.where
C.which
D.when参考答案:B4.
WhilewatchingTitanic,mostpeoplecouldn’thelpcryingwhenitcametothescene________Jacksavesthegirl’slifebutdiesinicywaterhimself.A.which
B.as
C.why
D.where参考答案:D5.Theylooklikeaperfectcouple,yet______theyoftenhavefightsathome. A.inall B.inaway C.intruth
D.inreturn参考答案:C略6.IwishtothankProfessorSmith,without_______helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.A.who
B.whose
C.whom
D.which参考答案:B7._______,athletesfromallovertheworldcompete_______theOlympicGames_______thehonorofwinning.A.Everyfourthyear;in;for
B.Everyfouryear;in;forC.Everyfourthyears;against;in
D.Everyfouryears;for;in参考答案:A略8.MostoftheEuropeansrefusetoacceptGMfood______Americansregarditasthefruitfromhightech.A.when B.as C.while D.themoment参考答案:C9.Theboss_______companyIworkedintwoyearsagohas______insolvingsuchkindofproblem.A.whose;manyexperiences B.who;manyexperiencesC.whose;muchexperience
D.which;muchexperience参考答案:C略10.________be“hangry”(饿怒的),Ioftenhavesomehealthysnacksduringthemeals.A.Soasto
B.SoasnottoC.Inorderto
D.Inordernotto参考答案:D【详解】考查soasto与inorderto的区别。句意:为了不饿怒,吃饭时,我经常吃一些健康的小点心。inordertodosth“为了做某事”可以用在句中或者句首。soasto“为了做某事”不可以用在句首。故D选项正确。11.That’sthenewmachine_______partsaretoosmalltobeseen.A.that
B.whichC.whose
D.what参考答案:C考查定语从句。thenewmachine是先行词,在定从中需要做定语,修饰名词parts,所以选C。12.---I’vebeenworkingreallyhardatEnglishrecently,butitstillremainsweak.---Don’tgiveup.Sometimesthingsdon’t_____likeyouwantrightaway.A.turnout
B.turnup
C.turndown
D.turnin参考答案:A13.Mike
withJanetforoveroneyearbeforetheygotmarried.A,hadfalleninlove
B,hadbeeninloveC,hasfalleninlove
D,hasbeenfalleninlove参考答案:B14.Themurderer,whowas_____todeathbythejudgelastweek,wasonly20yearsold.A.made B.caused C.killed
D.sentenced参考答案:D15.Oneoftheadvantagesoflivingontopfloorofahigh-risebuildingisthatyoucangetagood__________.A.sight
B.sceneC.view
D.look参考答案:C考查名词辨析。句意:住在高层建筑顶楼的好处之一是,你会有一个很好的视野。A是可数名词,多指人工建造的景观、名胜;B剧场情景,景象,场面,现场;C指从某一角度看到的风景,看到的风景包含人文景观和自然风景;D表情。这里指的是从楼顶看到的景象,故选D。16.Itwasin1969______twoAmericanswenttothemoonbyspaceship.A.when
B.that
C.atthattime
D.justthen参考答案:B二、完型填空17.WhenIwasinmiddleschool,Igotmadatmyparentsbecausetheywouldnevergiveanythingtothehomelessthatpassedbyus.OnafamilyvacationinWashingtonD.C.,therewasa___16___mandownthestreet.Myfamily___17___withoureyesatourfeet.Onourfinaldayinthecity,whenmy___18___wentforaneveningwalk,Iranoutofourhotelroom___19___andrandownthestreettothehomelessman.Helookedatmewithcuriosity,surelynot___20___anythingfromamiddleschoolgirl.Iaskedhimwhathewouldhavefor___21___.Herepliedhewouldhavehamburgers.Iranintothegrocerystoredowntheblockand___22___fivehamburgersandmanyotherfoods.Iranbackwithagrin(咧嘴笑)onmyfaceand___23___thegrocerybagsfulloffoodtohim.His___24___hasbeeninmymindeversince.Iranbacktothe___25___assoonaspossible.Whenmyparents___26___,mydadtoldmehehada___27___forme.HeaskedifIstill___28___thehomelessmandownthestreetfromourhotelandIshyly___29___.Hethentoldme,withagrinonhisface,astoryof___30___astheywerereturningfromtheirwalkthehomelessmanwas___31___grocerybagsfulloffoodwithotherhomelesspeoplearoundandtheywereallsmilingandlaughingasthey___32___.Ismiledatmydadbutnevertothisdayhavetoldhimthe___33___storyofthathomelessman.Istillhaven’tforgottenthatman’ssmilebutIwishIhadthe___34___todothismoreoften.One___35___fearlessactbyamiddleschoolgirlcanbeginaseriesofeffectofsmilesanddignity(尊严).Soplease,shareasmileandgivesomedignitytothehomeless.16.A.friendly
B.homeless
C.generous
D.thankful17.A.satdown
B.walkedpast
C.turnedup
D.joinedin18.A.classmates B.brothers
C.students
D.parents19.A.secretly
B.surely
C.hopefully
D.luckily20.A.taking
B.losing
C.expecting
D.charging21.A.pleasure
B.service
C.dinner
D.gift22.A.bought
B.cooked
C.borrowed
D.stole23.A.lent
B.sold
C.posted
D.handed24.A.humor
B.sorrow
C.anger
D.smile25.A.hotel
B.church
C.school
D.town26.A.left
B.discovered
C.returned
D.arrived27.A.present
B.story
C.reward
D.book28.A.missed
B.hated
C.admired
D.remembered29.A.nodded
B.promised
C.described
D.explained30.A.how
B.why
C.when
D.where31.A.collecting
B.accepting
C.sharing
D.heating32.A.played
B.ate
C.begged
D.walked33.A.moving
B.familiar
C.sad
D.true34.A.confidence B.courage
C.determination D.wisdom35.A.funny
B.interesting
C.small
D.crazy参考答案:16.B
17.B
18.D
19.A
20.C
21.C
22.A
23.D
24.D
25.A
26.C
27.B
28.D
29.A
30.A
31.C
32.B
33.D
34.B
35.C本文是一篇记叙文,讲述一名小女孩给一个无家可归的人买食物的故事。她的无畏行为可以开始产生一系列的微笑和尊严的影响。16.B17.B考查动词短语。A.satdown坐下;
B.walkedpast走过;
C.turnedup出现;
D.joinedin加入。我们小心翼翼地走过。答案为B。18.D考查名词。A.classmates同学;
B.brothers兄弟;
C.students学生;
D.parents父母。我父母晚上去散步,我秘密地跑出宾馆,沿街跑向无家可归的人。答案为D。19.A考查副词。A.secretly秘密地;
B.surely当然;
C.hopefully充满希望地;
D.luckily幸运地。我父母晚上去散步,我秘密地跑出宾馆,沿街跑向无家可归的人。答案为A。20.C考查动词。A.taking拿走;
B.losing失去;
C.expecting期盼;
D.charging充电。他充满好奇地看着我,确定不会期盼从一个中学生女孩那里得到任何东西。答案为C。21.C考查名词。A.pleasure快乐;
B.service
服务;
C.dinner晚餐;
D.gift礼物。我问他晚餐想吃什么。答案为C。22.A考查动词。A.bought买;
B.cooked煮;
C.borrowed借入;
D.stole偷。我跑向杂货店买来汉堡包和其他吃的东西。答案为A。23.D考查动词。A.lent借出;
B.sold卖;C.posted贴出;
D.handed递送。我把装满食品的袋子递给他。答案为D。24.D考查名词。A.humor幽默;
B.sorrow悲伤;
C.anger生气;
D.smile微笑。根据上句中Iranbackwithagrin(咧嘴笑)onmyface可知从那以后他的微笑就留在了我的脑海中。答案为D。25.A考查名词。A.hotel宾馆;
B.church教堂;
C.school学校;
D.town城镇。我尽可能快地回到宾馆。答案为A。26.C考查动词。A.left
离开;
B.discovered
发现;
C.returned返回,归还;
D.arrived到达。当我的父母返回来的时候,我的父亲说他给我讲一个故事。答案为C。27.B考查名词。A.present礼物;
B.story故事;
C.reward
回报;
D.book书。当我的父母返回来的时候,我的父亲说他给我讲一个故事。答案为B。28.D考查动词。A.missed错过,想念;
B.hated
厌恶;
C.admired
钦佩;
D.remembered记得。他问我是否还记得那个无家可归的人,我胆怯地点头。答案为D。29.A考查动词。A.nodded点头;
B.promised
许诺;
C.described
描述;
D.explained解释。他问我是否还记得那个无家可归的人,我胆怯地点头。答案为A。30.A考查宾语从句。父亲告诉我,当他们回来时,那个无家可归的人和周围的无家可归的人是怎样分享食物的。how引导的介词宾语从句,答案为A。31.C考查动词。A.collecting
收集;
B.accepting接受;
C.sharing
分享;
D.heating加热。父亲告诉我,当他们回来时,那个无家可归的人和周围的无家可归的人是怎样分享食物的。答案为C。32.B考查动词。A.played
玩;
B.ate吃;
C.begged祈求;
D.walked散步。当他们吃的时侯,非常开心地笑着。答案为B。33.D考查形容词。A.moving动人的;
B.familiar熟悉的;
C.sad伤心的;
D.true真实的。我冲着父亲微笑着,但从来没告诉他关于那个无家可归的人的真实故事。答案为D。34.B考查名词。A.confidence自信;
B.courage勇气;
C.determination决心;
D.wisdom智慧。我仍然没有忘记那个无家可归人的微笑,但我希望我有勇气经常做更多这样的事。答案为B。35.C考查形容词。A.funny可笑的;
B.interesting有趣的;
C.small小的;
D.crazy疯狂的。一个小女孩的无畏行为可以开始产生一系列的微笑和尊严的影响。答案为C。三、阅读理解18.Skepticsarestrangealot.Someofthem
refuse
toadmittheserious
threat
ofhumanactivitiestotheenvironment
andtheyaretiredofpeoplewhodisagree
withthem.Thosepeople,sayskeptics,spread
nothingbutbadnewsabouttheenvironment.The"eco-guilt"broughtonbythe
discouraging
newsaboutour
planet
givesrisetothepopularityofskepticsaspeoplesearchformorecomfortingworldviews.PerhapsthatexplainswhyanewbookbyBjornLomborgreceivedsomuch
publicity.Thatbook,The
Skeptical
Environmentalist,declaresthatitmeasuresthe"realstateoftheworld"asfine.Ofcourse,another
explanation
isthedeeppocketsofsomebigbusinesseswithspecialinterests.Indeed,Mr.Lomborg'sviewsaresimilartothoseofsomeindustry-fundedorganizations,whichstarthugeactivitiesthroughthe
media
toconfuse
thepublicaboutissueslike
global
warming.SoitwasstrangetoseeMr.Lomborg'sbookgolargely
unchallenged
inthemedia
thoughhisbeliefswere
contrary
tomostscientificopinions.OnenationalnewspaperinCanadarananumberofarticlesandreviewsfullofwordsofpraise,evenwiththe
conclusion
that"AfterLomborg,theenvironmental
movement
willbeginto
die
down."Suchone-sidedviewsshouldhaveimmediatelybeenchallenged.ButonlyadifferentreviewappearedinNature,a
respectedsciencemagazinewithspecificreadership.ThereviewremarkedthatMr.Lomborg's"preference
forunexaminedmaterialsis
incredible".A
criticaleyeis
valuable,andthe
media
shouldpresentinformationinsuchawaythatcouldallowpeopletomake
informed
decisions.Unfortunately,thatisofteninaccessibleasblockedbythedesiretobeshockingorto
defend
somespecialinterest.Peoplemightbecomehalf-blindbeforeaworld
partially
exhibitedbythemedia.That'sashame,becausemattersconcerningthehealthofthe
planet
arefartooimportanttobetreatedlightly.12.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmayberegardedas"skeptics"?A.Peoplewhoagreeonthe
popularity
of"eco-guilt".B.Peoplewho
dislike
theharmfuleffectofhumanactivities.C.Peoplewho
disbelieve
theserioussituationofour
planet.D.Peoplewho
spread
comfortingnewsto
protect
our
environment.13.Whichofthefollowingcanbeareasonforthe
popularity
ofLomborg'sbooks?A.Thebookchallengesviewsaboutthefinestateoftheworld.B.Somebigbusinesses
intend
to
protect
theirowninterests.C.Theauthorconvincespeopletospeakcomfortingworldviews.D.Industry–funded
media
present
confusing
information.14.TheauthormentionedthereviewinNatureinorderto_________.A.find
fault
withLomborg'sbookB.voiceadifferentopinionC.challenge
the
authority
ofthemediaD.pointoutthevalueofscientificviews15.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toshowtheimportanceofpresenting
overall
informationbythe
media.B.Towarnthepublicofthedangerofhalf–blindness
withreviews.C.To
blame
the
media'slackofresponsibilityininformation.D.To
encourage
theskepticstohavea
critical
eye.参考答案:12.C
13.B
14.B
15.A本文是一篇议论文,环保怀疑主义者拒绝承认人类行为对环境的严重威胁。BjornLomborg的新书认为现在地球的环境状态良好,《自然》杂志认为他所使用的材料未经检查,结果并不可信。新闻媒体应该呈现所有的客观信息让人们做出自己的决定。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Someofthem
refuse
toadmittheserious
threat
ofhumanactivitiestotheenvironment
andtheyaretiredofpeoplewhodisagree
withthem.”可知一些怀疑主义者拒绝承认人类行为对环境的严重威胁。C项“Peoplewho
disbelieve
theserioussituationofour
planet.”内容与之相符。故C项正确。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Indeed,Mr.Lomborg'sviewsaresimilartothoseofsomeindustry-fundedorganizations,whichstarthugeactivitiesthroughthe
media
toconfuse
thepublicaboutissueslike
global
warming.”可知Lomborg'sbooks的书很受欢迎是因为他的观点和很多受到工业资助的组织一致,背后有大的企业在维护他们的利益,用Lomborg的观点来混淆视听。故B项正确。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Suchone-sidedviewsshouldhaveimmediatelybeenchallenged.ButonlyadifferentreviewappearedinNature,a
respectedsciencemagazinewithspecificreadership.ThereviewremarkedthatMr.Lomborg's"preference
forunexaminedmaterialsis
incredible".”可知Lomborg的观点本应该被批评,《自然》杂志就认为Lomborg的观点所使用的材料是未经检查的,他的观点是难以相信的。作者提出《自然》杂志就是就是为了发出不同的观点。故B项正确。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段第一句“A
criticaleyeis
valuable,andthe
media
shouldpresentinformationinsuchawaythatcouldallowpeopletomake
informed
decisions.”可知作者通过新闻媒体要有批判性的观点,媒体应该客观批判地呈现所有信息让人们做出决定。故A项正确。19.DarekFidyka,a38-year-oldBulgarian,hadbeenparalyzed(瘫痪的)fromthechestdownforfouryearsafteraknifeattack.ScientistsfromBritainandPolandtookcellsfromhisnose,transplanted(移植)themintohisbackandre-grewhisspinalcord(脊髓).Nowhecanwalkandevendriveacar.Thedoctorsweredelightedbutsaiditwasthefirststepinalongjourney.Thebreakthroughcameafter40yearsofresearchbyProfessorGeoffRaisman,whofoundthatcellshadthepossibilitytorepairdamagetonasal(鼻腔的)nerves,theonlypartofthenervoussystemthatconstantlyre-grows.“Theideawastotakesomethingfromanareawherethenervoussystemcanrepairitselfandputitintoanareathatdoesn’trepairitself,”ProfessorRaismansaid.Polishdoctorsinjected(注射)thenasalcellsintoMr.Fidyka’sspinalcordabovetheinjuryandusedsomenervesfromhisankletoformabridgeacrossthedamagedtissue.Thenasalcellsappeartohavecausedthespinalnervestorepairthemselves.ProfessorRaismanachievedthiswithratsinthelate1990’s,butthisishisgreatestsuccess.“IthinkthemomentofdiscoveryformewasChristmasin1997whenIfirstsawarat,whichcouldn’tcontrolitshand,putitshandovertome.Thatwasanexcitingmoment,becauseIrealizedthenthatmybeliefthatthenervoussystemcouldberepairedwastrue.”Doctorschosetheeasiestcasefortheirfirst
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