【公开课】Unit+2Discovering+Useful+Structures+课件人教版（2019）必修第三册

DiscoveringstructuresUnit02MoralsandVirtues新人教必修三IMPORTAINTPOINTPart1Revision非谓语不定式（todo)分词过去分词(-ed)现在分词(-ing)Revision1.Hisfirstbook___________(publish)lastmonthisbasedonatruestory.2.__________(see)fromthetopofthemountain，thecityisverybeautiful.3.Clairehadherluggage___________(check)anhourbeforeherplaneleft.4.Intheirsparetime，theyare_____________(interest)inplantingvegetablesintheirgarden，whichisontherooftopoftheirhouse.(2017·全国Ⅱ)publishedSeencheckedinterested后置定语状语宾补表语Revision过去分词作定语、表语、宾补、状语。1.Myhobbyis______(play)music.2.Thenewssounds___________(encourage).3.Youcanhavearestina_______(wait)room.4.Theman______(wear)aredhatismyuncle.5._______(play)withfireisdangerous.6.Hepractises_________(speak)Englisheveryday.RevisionplayingPlayingencouragingwaitingwearingspeaking表语表语后置定语主语宾语前置定语V-ing形式可作主语、宾语、表语、定语...?1.Pleasedon’tbeinlovewithsomeoneelse.Pleasedon’thavesomebody________onyou.2.WhenIwasyoung,I’dlistentotheradio,________formyfavoritesongs.waitingListentothemusicclipsandthencompletethesentences.waitingobjectcomplement(宾补）advebial（状语）宾语object主语subject定语attribute

表语

predictive

宾语补足语objectcomplemment状语adverbial

V-ingformRevisionthepresentparticipleastheobjectcomplement（现在分词作宾补）Observethesesentences.Discusstheminpairsandtrytofindsomerules.1.ThenewPeople’sRepublicofChinasawDr.LinQiaozhiplayingakeyrole.2.She

heardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.3.Canyou

hearhersingingthesonginthenextroom?4.It’scold.Weshouldhavethefireburningallthetime.5.Don’t

leavethewaterrunning

whileyoubrushyourteeth.6.Hurryup!Youshouldn’tkeepyourfriendswaitting

forsuchalongtime.提示：1.现在分词作宾补，与宾语在逻辑上的关系是主动还是被动？2.现在分词常跟在哪类动词后作宾补？1.现在分词作宾补和宾语存在逻辑上的____________。2.常用现在分词作宾补的动词主要包括__________

（如：feel，hear，see，observe，watch，notice)和____________（如：make,have,leave,keep)。Conclusion主动关系感官动词使役动词thepresentparticipleastheobjectcomplementv-ing形式作宾补的概念

v-ing形式作宾补常放在宾语后，常表示宾语和宾补之间是主动关系或表示v-ing形式的动作正在进行（强调一个过程或一种状态）We

cansee

aboy

singing

inthepicture.主语谓语宾语宾语补足语Wesawalightburning(发光)inthewindow.Ifeltsomebodypattingmeontheshoulder.Ashespoke,heobservedeverybodylookingathimcuriously.Everyday,helistenstothebirdssinging.Ididn’tnoticehimwaiting.感官动词，常见的有一闻smell；一感feel二听hear，listento；三发现find，discover，catch五看see，watch，lookat,notice，observe能用V-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词我觉得我心跳的更快了。（beat）Ifeltmyheartbeatingfaster.听，外面的小鸟在唱歌。Listentothebirdssingingoutside.使役动词，常见的有，have,keep,leave,get,set等，表示，“使……一直处于某种状态”。能用V-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词Iwon’t

haveyoudoingthat.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Hewalkedoffandleftmesittingtherealone.Ican’tgettheclockgoingagain.Wethinkthereportveryencouraging.Iconsideredthebookratherboring.Weallfoundthechildveryannoying.表示“观点，认知”的动词，如：think,believe,consider,find,feel等。这类词可以接情绪类形容词作宾补。能用V-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwiththenoisegoing

onoutside.Withsomanypeoplelooking

ather,shefeltnervous.4.with的复合结构中：with+宾语+宾语补足语（v-ing),可位于句首或句末，常作原因、伴随、方式、时间等状语。

能用V-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词Practice单句语法填空WhenIwasonmywaytoschoolthismorning，Isawtwowomen

（sell）lanterns.Theoperatorlefthurriedlywiththemachine_______（run）.Onthebankoftheriver，wefoundhim__________（put）onatent，withadog__________（lie）onthegrass.sellingrunningputtinglyingPractice单句语法填空Peter，acolleagueofmine，wasstandingonthebridgeandwatchingboats__________（pass）by.Don’tleaveher

（wait）outsideintherain.Afteraknockatthedoor，thechildheardhismother’svoice

（call）him.Withthepianist

（perform）musiconthestage，theatmosphereisquiteromantic.passingwaitingcallingperforming1.Theyfoundadogsleepingonthestreet.2.Theyheardhimsinginginnextroom.

3.Wemustn'tkeepthemwaiting.注意事项：当主句转换为被动结构时，原来作宾语补足语的-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。=Adogwasfound

sleeping

onthestreet.他们发现一只狗在街上睡觉。=Hewasheard

singinginthenextroom.有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。=Theymustn'tbekept

waiting.千万不能让他们等。非谓语作宾补的区别不定式do、现在分词doing、过去分词done作宾补的区别省to的不定式，

强调动作从开始到结束的全过程doing强调主动和动作正在进行done强调被动或完成Isawhim________(get)offthebus.Isawhim________(knock)downbyacar.Isawhim________(lie)ontheroadjustnow.getknockedlying–ing

usedas

theadverbial（-ing形式作状语）试比较下列句子时间原因1.WhenIwalkedinthestreet,Isawatailor’sshop.

Walking

inthestreet,Isawatailor'sshop.

2.Becausehewaspoor,

hecouldn’taffordaTVset.

Being

poor,hecouldn'taffordaTVset.

连词主谓删除从句连词删除从句的主语从句谓语动词改为“-ing"形式1.转换前提条件：从句与主句的主语一致;2.从句主谓为主动关系，用现在分词；若为被动关系，用过去分词。3.为了句子逻辑关系清晰，连词可以保留；试比较下列句子3.Hisfatherdiedandleftthefamilyevenworseoff.Hisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.4.

Ifyouuseyourhead,

youwillfindagoodway.

Usingyourhead,youwillfindagoodway.结果条件状语从句转换成分词状语的步骤：1.检查从句与主句的主语是否一致（一致才能转）;2.分析从句主谓间的关系，主动关系，从句谓语变成现在分词；若为被动关系，从句谓语变成过去分词3.去掉从句的连词与主语（连词可以保留）；试比较下列句子5.Thoughhestudiedhard,hedidn’tpasstheexam.

Thoughstudying

hard,hedidn'tpasstheexam.6.Heearnsalivingbydrivingatruck.Heearnsalivingdrivingatruck.让步方式试比较下列句子7.Hesatinthechairandreadanewspaper.Hesatinthechairreadinganewspaper.伴随总结：-ing形式作状语，可以理解为从句主语和主句主语相同时，状语从句的简化，从句的连词和主语省略，从句动词变成v-ing形式，表示主动意义。现在分词作状语，用来修饰句子，v-ing形式可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随等，作用相当于状语从句或并列句。1.Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.2.Hesatonthesofa,

watchingTV.

3.Jack,

knowingwhereIlive,nevercomestoseeme.V非谓语......,

主语+谓语....主语+谓语.....,V非谓语...主语，V非谓语.......,谓语...

现在分词作状语句式特点：①逗号前后两动作，共用一主语，无连词，必有一个非谓语（作状语）。

②-ing形式作状语，常与主句用逗号隔开；时间，原因，让步等状语时，一般在句首；结果，伴随，方式等状语时，一般在句末。Being

poor,hecouldn'taffordaTVset.（原因）Studyinghard,hedidn'tpasstheexam.（让步）Heearnsalivingdrivingatruck.（伴随）Hisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.（结果）OnedayI

willstand

onthetopoftheworld,makingtheworldshocked.Lackingoftalent,I

believemyhardworkinganddeterminationwillmakemea

success.注意：V-ing作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语，并表示主动的关系。make和逻辑主语I之间是主动关系lack和逻辑主语I之间是主动关系1.V-ing作状语与句子主语的逻辑关系2.动词-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。1.

Looking

out

of

the

window,

the

garden

wasbeautiful.

Looking

out

of

the

window,

we

found

the

gardenbeautiful.

2.While

reading

the

book,

the

telephone

rang.

While

she

was

reading

the

book,

the

telephone

rang.判断下列句子是否正确。Enteringtheroom,Ifoundthewallnewly-painted.Enteringtheroom,thefirstthingthatmeteyeswasthenewly-paintedwall.Beingverybusy,thefilmticketsweregiventoothers.Beingverybusy,Icouldnotaffordthetimetogotothecinema.Practice3.为使动词-ing作状语所表达的时间、条件、让步、原因等更明确,可在动词-ing形式前加上适当的连词(when，while，

if，unless，though，even

if，because，as等)1.吃饭时不要说话。

Don’t

talk

whilehaving

dinner.2.一旦失去这次机会你就很难找回。

Once

losing

this

chance,

you

can’teasily

find

it.4.V-ing的形式（时态）1.Looking

intothesky,heimaginedflyinglikeaneagle.

2.Havingfinished

hiswork,hewentbikingwithhisfriend.

lookimaginefinishgobikingV-ing的一般式的动作表示和主句的动作是同时进行或者在主句的的动作之后发生（如：结果状语）；完成式的动作是先于主句的动作发生。101.___________(wait)forhisgirlfriend,hewalkedaroundinamysteriousway.

2._______________(wait)forhisgirlfriendforseveralhours,hefinishedafantastichandicraft(手工艺品）.WaitingHavingwaitedhavingdone表示比句子的谓语动词先发生,句子主语与havingdone的关系是主动关系1._________________(turn)

offtheTV,hebegantogooverhislessons.

2.______________(finish)hishomework,

hewentouttoplayfootballwithhisfriends.3._________________(buy)

whatsheneeded,Mrs.Smithwentoutofthemarket.HavingturnedHavingfinishedHavingboughtBeingscolded（责骂）byhismother,theboyhung（低垂）hishead.5.V-ing的被动式（语态）如V-ing的动作正在进行（与主句谓语同时发生），且与主句主语之间存在被动关系用beingdone。Havingbeencriticized（批评）bytheteacher,hegaveupsmoking.如V-ing的动作先于主句谓语发生，且与主句主语之间存在被动关系用havingbeendone。1.Notfearingthefire,thechildtouchedandgotafingerburnt.

2.Notgettingananswer,Idecidedtowritehimanotherletter.3.________________(know)whattodo,Miketurnedtohisteacherforhelp.现在分词作状语的否定由“not+现在分词”构成6.现在分词的否定形式Notknowing-ing

时态和语态主动被动一般式

完成式否定式doingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendonenot+doing/not+havingdoneLearningthestructure1.________（be）famousfortheworkonradioactivity(镭),MarieCuriewastwiceawinneroftheNobelPrize.2.________（face）challenges,DrBethunewouldwhispertohimselfthetwosimplewords''Beyourself''.3.________（struggle）foryears,Rongguotuanfinallybecameaworldtabletennischampion.BeingFacingHavingstruggledExerciseFillintheblanks.4.________（judge）fromhisaccent,Mr.Limustbefromthesouth.5.________（know）howtodealwiththenewcoronavirus,ChairmanXiaskedforadvicefromZhongNanshan,________（make）morepatientstreated.JudgingNotknowingmaking7.V-ing的独立成分作状语(评注性状语)有些V-ing短语可以做独立成分，用来解释整个句子，表示说话人的态度、观点等,我们称这类状语为评注性状语，语法上叫“悬垂分词”。评注性状语，不受句子主语的限制，无需考虑其逻辑主语，以现在分词形式独立存在，与主句用逗号隔开。1.Generallyspeaking,girlsaremorecarefulthanboys.2.Supposingyoulose,whatwillyoudo?3.Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustbefromthenorth.4.Talkingoftravel,haveyoueverbeentoBeijing?15Q:V-ing的部分做什么成分？

表达什么含义？这类常见的分词短语有：generallyspeaking(大体来说)，frankly/honestly/strictlyspeaking坦白/诚实/严格地说personallyspeaking就我个人而言supposing(假设),judgingfrom/by(从…判断)talkingof/about（谈到...),speakingof（谈到）seeing=considering=oconsideration/account(考虑到)等。8.ving形式结果状语与todo形式结果状语的区别Thefirelastednearlytwodays,thus

leavingnothingvaluable.(ving结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，可在分词前加thus）Ihurriedtotrainstationonly

tofind

thetrainhasleft.(todo作结果状语，表示令人意想不到的结果,todo前可加only/just）Ithasrainedfortendays,________(cause)therivertorise.Iwenttoseehimlastnightjust_______(find)himout.8.V-ing的独立主格结构作状语分词作状语，其逻辑主语要与句子主语一致。否则，分词应有自己的逻辑主语，构成“独立主格结构”。简言之，独立主格结构是自带主语的分词短语。1.Theclockstrikingtwelve,Iwenttobed.(分词striking的逻辑主语是theclock,不是主句主语I)2.Shelayagainstthewall,thesunshininguponherface.(分词shining的逻辑主语是thesun,不是主句主语she)15Q:V-ing的部分做什么成分？

表达什么含义？1.Weather________(permit允许），wewillgoswimming.2.___________(consider)yourhealth,youhadbetterhavearest.3.Withalllights______(turn)on,thebuildinglooksmorebeautiful.permittingConsideringturned-ing做状语做宾补表主动表进行感官类动词使役类动词种类with的复合结构时态语态：肯定否定：独立成分：summary表“观点，认知”的动词Describepeople’sactionsCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbs.1.__________thathiswifehadbeeninjuredinanaccident,MrJohnsonhurriedtothehospital.2.Duringtheoperation,shesatinthewaitingroomforoveranhour__________abouthim.3.Isawherwhisperingsomethingintohisear,obviouslynot__________tobeheard.4.Hesuddenlywokeupatmidnightwhenheheardsomeone__________athisdoor.feelwantfacesmilereturnworryhearknockHearingworryingwantingknockingAssoonasheheardthat...时间状语Shewasworrying/worried...伴随状语becauseshedidn'twant...原因状语Describepeople’sactionsCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbs.5.__________higherimportandexportcosts,thecompanyislookingforwaystosurvive.6.__________fromtheNorthPole,thetravellerwroteabookabouthisexperienceandhaditpublishedthefollowingyear.7.Thechildlayonhermother’slap,__________sweetly.8.__________hurtbytherejection,shebitherlipandquietlywalkedaway.feelwantfacesmilereturnworryhearknockFacingReturningsmilingFeelingSinceitisfacing...原因状语Whenshereturnedfrom...时间状语Shewassmiling/smiled...伴随状语Becauseshefelthurt...原因状语状语从句转换成分词作状语三步曲：1.检查从句与主句的主语是否一致（一致才能转）;2.分析从句主谓间的关系，主动关系，从句谓语变成现在分词；若为被动关系，从句谓语变成过去分词3.去掉从句的连词与主语（连词可以保留）；Ifyouturntotheleft,youwillfindthestation.

Turningtotheleft,youwillfindthestation.Whenshewasaskedifshehadanybadhabit,sheansweredthatshewasaheavysmoker.Askedifshehadanybadhabit,sheansweredthatshewasaheavysmoker.AsIdidn'treceiveherletter,Icalledherup.分词的否定直接在前面加NotNotreceivingherletter,Icalledherup.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbs.HenryNormanBethunewasaCanadiandoctorwithaverycreativemindandadeterminationtohelppeople.Asasmallboy,hebecameveryinterestedinmedicineanddecidedtobecomeadoctor.Afterhegraduatedfrommedicalcollegein1916,BethuneworkedasadoctorinEngland,theUS,andCanada.Hereinventedorredesignedover10medicalinstrumentstomakethemmoreuseful.In1938,BethuneleftforChina,afterheheardthatmanypeopleweredyinginthewar.Despitethedifficultsituation,DrBethunedidwhateverhecouldtoassisttheChinesepeople.Hehelpedtoorganisehospitals,taughtdoctorsandnurses,andshowedpeoplehowtogivefirstaid.Sadly,DrBethunepassedawayinNovemberthefollowingyearandwasburiedinShijiazhuang.AfterDrBethune’sdeath,ChairmanMaoZedongwroteanarticleinmemoryofhim,inwhichhepraisedDrBethuneasaherotoberememberedinChina.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbs.Asasmallboy,hebecameveryinterestedinmedicineanddecidedtobecomeadoctor.2.In1938,BethuneleftforChina,afterheheardthatmanypeopleweredyinginthewar.Asasmallboy,hebecameveryinterestedinmedicine,decidingtobecomeadoctor.In1938,BethuneleftforChina,afterhearingthatmanypeopleweredyinginthewar.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbs.3.Hehelpedtoorganisehospitals,taughtdoctorsandnurses,andshowedpeoplehowtogivefirstaid.4.ChairmanMaoZedongwroteanarticleinmemoryofhim,inwhichhepraisedDrBethuneasaherotoberememberedinChina.Hehelpedtoorganisehospitals,teachingdoctorsandnurses,andshowingpeoplehowtogivefirstaid.ChairmanMaoZedongwroteanarticleinmemoryofhim,praisingDrBethuneasaherotoberememberedinChina.Describepeople’sactionsRewritethefollowingsentencesusingthe–ingformorthepastparticipleastheadverbial.(P69/Ex2)1.BecauseIdidnotknowanyone,Isataloneinmyseatfortwohours.2.AlthoughJoewasupsetbythereporter’swords,herespondedtohisquestionspolitely.