Module3Unit3Grammar课件外研版八年级英语下册

ScientistshavesentspaceshiptoMars.Thejourneyhastakenseveralmonths.Let’stalkaboutthepicturesWarmingup:Astronautshavealreadybeentothemoon.NoonehasbeentoMarsyet,becauseMarsisveryfaraway,muchfartherthanthemoon.Scientistshave

alsodiscoveredmanyothergalaxiesintheuniverse.

ScientistshavesentspaceshiptotheplanetMarstotakephotos.Theyhave

evensentspaceshipstotraveloutsidethesolarsystem.NospaceshiphastravelledfarenoughtoreachotherstarsinourGalaxy.Module3JourneytospaceUnit3LanguageinuseGrammarI'vejustmadeamodelspaceship.Wehavenotfoundlifeonanyotherplanetsyet.Astronautshavealreadybeentothemoon.Hasitarrivedyet?请认真观察，找出规律，说出自己的看法。Grammar现在完成时(2)当表示动作已经完成,并对现在有一定影响时，我们一般用现在完成时。同时，可分用just,already或yet加以强调或说明。例如：Ihavejustheardthenews.我刚听到消息。Astronautshavealreadybeentothemoon.

宇航员已经去过月球了。Hehasjuststartedtoexploreotherplanets.

我们才刚刚开始探索其他行星。可以看出，just用来表示“刚刚”，already用来表示“已经”，两者都用于肯定句中，一般是置于have/has之后。在否定句中则可用yet,表示“还未”，有“以后可以会”的含义。例如：Thescientistshavenotheardfromityet.

科学家还没有收到它发出的信息。Manhasnotdiscoveredanylifeinspaceyet.人类尚未在太空中发现生命。现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：现在完成时在表达经历时只表示该事件是在现在之前的某一个时间里发生的，重点在于已完成动作对现在的影响。而一般过去时则表示在过去某一具体时间发生的事情。在没有明确的过去时间状语时，如何判断该用现在完成时还是该用过去时呢？判断的标准是看该行为是否对现在有影响，也就是说该句强调的是什么。试看以下对话：A:Wherehaveyou

putmybook?Ican’tfindit.

你把我的书放哪儿去了？我找不到。B:Iputitonyourdeskyesterday.

我昨天放你桌子上了。该对话中，当A问对方把自己的书放在何处时，A感兴趣的是现在的状态，因此用现在完成时。B回答时只是说明当时放的位置，所以用一般过去时。A:Wouldyouliketogoandseethefilmwithmetonight?

你今晚想和我去看电影吗？B:Sorry,Ihaveseenitalready.

不好意思，我已经看过那部电影了。对话中的现在完成时表示对结果的强调：“电影看过了，所以不想再看了。”现在完成时的句子中，already(已经)、just(刚刚)常用于肯定句，放在have\has的后面。yet(还、尚、仍然)常用于否定句和疑问句,（放在have\has的后面，也可放在句末）。Completethenewswithalready,justandyet.SpaceshiponMars!Astronautshave(1)_______beentothemoonbuttheyhavenotbeentoanyotherplanets.However,aspaceship(2)_______arrivedonMarsandithas(3)_______sentbackphotosoftheredplanet.IstherelifeonMars?Wedonotknow(4)________.

alreadyjustalreadyyethave/hasbeento&have/hasgonetohave/hasbeento表示某人“去过某地，现在已经回来了”。have/hasgoneto表示某人“去某地了”，这个人已经不在这里了.即学即练SpaceshiponMarsAstronautshave__________beentothemoonbuttheyhavenotbeentoanyotherplanets.However,aspaceshiphas__________arrivedonMarsandithas________sentbackphotosoftheredplanet.IstherelifeonMars?Wedonotknow______.1.Completethenewswithalready,justandyet.即学即练alreadyalreadyjustyet2.Choosethecorrectanswer.√√√√3.Completethesentenceswiththeexpressions.hasgonehavebeenhavebeenhasgoneNicky:I’vejust_________(watch)agreatTVprogrammeaboutspace.Doyouknowthatscientistshave__________(discover)wateronMars?Bill:No!Really?That’sveryinteresting.________they_____(try)tofindlifeonmars?4.Completetheconversation.watcheddiscoveredHavetriedNicky:Well,they’relookingforlifebutthey______________(notfind)anythingyet.Bill:_________you________(see)thephotosofMars?Nicky:No.Whatdoesitlooklike?Bill:It’sred！haven’tfoundHaveseenPairworkRole–playthefollowingconversationCompletetheconversationwiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.Nicky:I’vejust(1)________(watch)agreatTVprogrammeaboutspace.Didyouknowthatscientistshave(2)__________(discover)wateronMars?Bill:Yes,Idid.Andscientists(3)__________(try)tofindlifeonMarsnow.watcheddiscoveredaretryingNicky:Yes,they’relookingforlifebutthey(4)____________(notfind)anythingyet.Bill:ThereweresomenewphotosofMarsinthenewspapertoday.(5)_______you______(see)themyet?Nicky:Yes.They’reamazing!haven’tfoundhaven’tfoundSummary:1.Wehavelearnedandconsolidatedtheuseofpresentperfecttensewithjust,yetandalready;2.Wehaveunderstoodlisteningandreadingmaterialsonspacetravel.Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Frankhasjustfinished

(write)ashortstoryaboutthespace.2.Jesssatinfrontofherhouse

(wait)forherparents.3.Thelittleboykeepshisbikeas

(clean)asanewone.4.Ihavealreadyknownthenews.ButI

(nottell)