高三英语基础资料

高三英语基础资料高三英语基础资料(一)

不定式做主语：

1、不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。===动名词doing表示习惯的，常常的'动作。

e.g:Tofinishthebuildinginamonthisdifficult.

Todosuchthingsisfoolish.

Toseeistobelieve.(对等)

注:1).不定式作主语时,谓语用单数

2).当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。

it做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于以下结构中：

(1)Itis/was+adj.+ofsb.todo…

(2)Itis+adj.+forsb.+todo…

Itiseasy/difficult/hard/foolish/unwise/right/wrong/unnecessary

(3)itis+a+名词+todo...

Itisapity/apleasure/apleasantthing/one’sduty/anhonor/ashame/acrime/noeasyjob…todo

Ittakes(sb.)sometime/courage/patience…todo…

Itrequirescourage/patience/hardwork…todo…

*留意:probable和possible均可作表语，但possible可以用不定式作真实主语，而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。

Itisprobableforhimtocometothemeeting.(错)

Itispossibleforhimtocometothemeeting.

Itispossible/probablethathewillcometothemeeting.

不定式做表语：

主语是以aimdutyhopeideaintentionplanjobsuggestionwishpurposetask等为中心词的名词词组或以what引导的名词性从句表示，后面的不定式说明其内容,不定式作表语常表示将来或如今的动作或状态。

eg:Myideaistoclimbthemountainfromthenorth.

Yourmistakewasnottowritethatletter.

WhatIwouldsuggestistostartworkatonce.

高三英语基础资料(二)

Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.

Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’company…..

Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.

Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.

过去分词作状语：过去分词作状语时，说明动作发生的背景或状况，其等同于一个状语从句。vt过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系，表示被动和完成，vi过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。

Heated,waterchangesintosteam.

Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.

1作缘由状语，等于as/since/because引导从句

Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn’thelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid…

2作时间状语，等于when引导时间从句，假如分词表示的.动作与谓语的动作同时发生，可在分词前加when/while/until等使时间意义更明确。

Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.

Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill…

3作条件状语等于if/whether引导从句

Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention….

Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo=(Ifwearecomparedwithyou…

4作方式或伴随状语

Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.

Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.

5作让步状语

Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he….

6独立主格结构：当分词的规律主语不是主句主语时，分词可以有自己独立的规律主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随状况。

Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.

Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.

Rewritewithproperconjunctions

Example:Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.

Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.

1Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.

→Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,…

2Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.

→Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,…

3Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.

高三英语基础资料(三)

一.过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。

Eg:Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.

Keepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen.(谚语：少说多看)

Don'tleavesuchanimportantthingundone.

Don'tleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.

二.过分词用在get,have,make,的后面。

1.留意“have+宾语+过去分词〞的.两种状况：

A)表"让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做"

eg:Ihavehadmybikerepaired.

Thevillagershadmanytreesplantedjustthen.

B)表"遭受到某种不幸，受到打击/受....影响，蒙受.....损失"

Eg:Ihadmywalletstolenonabuslastmonth.

Theoldmanhadhislegbrokenintheaccident.

Hehadhislegbrokeninthematchyesterday.(MET1986)

2."make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必需是表示结果含义的。如：

TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodinverysimpleEnglish.

Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.

三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,notice,see,hear,listento,feel,find等后面。如：

Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedoorlocked.

Wecanhearthewindowsbeatenbytheheavyraindrops.

Hefelthimselfcheated.

Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseecarriedoutthenextyear.(NMET2000)

四、过去分词用在want,wish,like,expect等表示“期望，愿望〞这一类动词后面做宾补。

Thebosswouldn'tliketheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.

Iwouldlikemyhousepaintedwhite.

Iwantthesuitmadetohisownmeasure.

Iwishthe