湖北省恩施市清源中学高三英语期末试卷含解析

湖北省恩施市清源中学高三英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Salesdirectorisaposition______communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.A.whose B.where C.what D.that参考答案：B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：销售经理是一个交流能力和销售能力一样重要职位。本句是定语从句，先行词position在定语从句中做地点状语，把position放回从句中，在从句中充当的成分应是“onthisposition”，用关系副词where。故选D。【点睛】定语从句关系词的选择：1、划分句子成分，细心甄别答案。我们确定了考查的是定语从句后，接下来就要判断选用关系代词还是关系副词。关系代词与关系副词表意不同，在从句中的作用也不同。关系代词一般作主语，宾语。表语等，主要有既指人又指物的that，指人的who（主语），whom(宾语)，只指物的which或as。指“人的”或“物的”时，要用whose。而关系副词一段作状语等，主要有when（作时间状语）,why（原因状语）,where.（地点状语）。2、依托语境逻辑，选对关系词。要注意分清它们在定语从句充当什么成分。有时候，仅仅依靠语法规则，很难正确判断关系词，还要结合空格前后所提供的语境以及逻辑来选择3、结合从句提供的语境和句子的逻辑意义来判断。4、确定先行词，可将先行词还原到从句中。1)Whatwasthenameofthemanwho/thatlentyouthemoney借钱给你的那人叫什么名字?（定语从句修饰先行词theman,theman在定语从句中当主语，指人即可用who又可用that）2)Thisisthefactorythat/whichwevisitedtwodaysago.这是我们两天前参观过的工厂。（thefactory在定语从句中做visit的宾语,做宾语指物，既可用which，也可用that）3)Therearesomepeoplewhosefacesyoucanneverforget.有些人,他们的脸你永远难以忘怀。（定语从句修饰先行词people，people在定语从句中当定语,修饰faces,即他们的脸，人的/物的，要用whose）4)IrecentlywentbacktothetownwhereIwasborn.我最近曾回过一次我出生的城市。(先行词是thetown,在定语从句中表示出生的地点，当地点状语，有where，where=inwhich)5)Pleasetellmethereasonwhy（forwhich）youmissedtheplane.请告诉我你误机的原因。(先行词是thereason，在定语从句中表示missedtheplane的原因，当状语,用why，why=forwhich)6)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。(先行词是theday，在定语从句中表示cametothisschool的日子，做时间状语叶要用when，when=onwhich)7)Asiswellknowntous,thetelephonehasbroughtusmuchconvenience.=Thetelephonehasbroughtusmuchconvenience，asiswellknowntous.正如大家所知道的（众所周知），电话给我们带来了许多方便（as在定语从句中指代后面的一整个句子thetelephonehasbroughtusmuchconvenience众所周知，电话已经给我们带来很多方便。As引导非限制性定语从句时，有“正如，就像”。既可置于句首也可置于句末。）2.Atpresentthehotelisalmostempty,butI’msurethingswillstartto_________inthespring.A.pickup

B.takeup

C.makeup

D.giveup参考答案：A3.Itwasat5o’clock______thevisitorsfinallyarrivedatPudongInternationalAirport.A.when

B.that

C.before

D.after参考答案：B4.Oftenhe______sitforhoursdoingnothingatallwhenhewasinlowspirits.A．should

B．would

C．could

D．might参考答案：B5.Shespentfourweekswhichshecouldafford_______aroundthecountry,promoting

hernewalbum.A．totour

B．toured

C．touring

D．havingtoured参考答案：C略6.—Whatasmartandhard-workingboyheis!

—Right．____apossibilitythathewillwinthefirstplaceinthecompetition．

A．Thisis

B．Itremains

C．Thereseems

D．Thatappears参考答案：C略7.—What’swrongwithyourphone?

—I________allthemorningbutIcan’tgetthrough.

A.called

B.havebeencalling

C.call

D.amcalling参考答案：B8.Themanageraskedhisassistantifitwaspossibleto______theinvestmentplanwithinaweek.A.workout B.putout C.makeout D.setout参考答案：A9.SofarPeter

back.Shallwemakeaphonecalltohimagain?

A．won’tring

B．doesn’tring

C．didn’tring

D．hasn’trung参考答案：D10.Ifyoucomeacrossaword

_meaningyouhaveforgotten,pleaselookitupinthedictionary．A．inwhich

B．which

C．whose

D．that参考答案：C11.---Couldyoupleasemoveoveralittleandmakesome_______forme?

---Sure,please.

A.place

B.seat

C.room

D.ground参考答案：C12.Hershoes______herdress;theylookverywelltogether.A.suit

B.fit

C.compare

D.match参考答案：D13.Whatisconcerningusgreatlyis________theworkersheldupinthatareayesterdaywillbesetfree.A.that

B.what

C.when

D.which参考答案：C14.—Presley,areyoucomingwithustotheconcerttonight?—I’dloveto,butsomethingunexpected_______.

A.hascomeup

B.wascomingup

C.hadcomeup

D.wouldcomeup参考答案：A15.ThisfamousarticlewrittenbyHenryiswellworth

,butIthinkitisnotworthy

atall.A.reading;tobetranslated

B.reading;translatingC.beingread;tobetranslated

D.toberead;ofbeingtranslated参考答案：A略30.Fully__________inlookingafterthreechildrenathome,shenolongerhastimetoenjoythevariousactivitiesintheclub.A.occupied

B.contributed

C.attached

D.devoted参考答案：A略二、完型填空17.IrecentlymetaTexancouplewhosesonwasstillindiapers.Theywereseekingtogethimintoapreschoolthat____21____aprivatepreparatoryschoolwithagreatrecordforcollegeadmissions.Thecouplewereambivalent(uncertain)aboutdoingthis.Theywerefromimmigrantandworking-classbackgrounds,andhadthrivedinpublicschools.Intheory,theybelievedthatallchildrenshouldhaveanequalchancetosucceed.ButI____22____thatiftheygottheirsonaspotinthepreschool,they’dtakeit.It’safamiliarstory.Psychologists,sociologistsandjournalistshavespentoveradecadecritiquing（评论；评判）thehabitsof“helicopterparents”andtheirschool____23____.Theyinsistthathyper-parentingbackfires—creatingagenerationofstressed-outkidswhocan’t____24____alone.Parentsthemselvesalternatebetweenfeelingguilty,panickedandridiculous.Butanewresearchshowsthatinourunequalera,thiskindofparentingbringslife-changingbenefits.Accordingtotheresearch,wheninequalityhitalowinthe1970s,therewasn’tthatmuchofagapbetweenwhatsomeoneearnedwithorwithoutacollegedegree.Strictparenting____25____aneraof“permissiveparenting”—givingchildrenlotsoffreedomwithlittleoversight.Inthe1980s,however,inequalityincreasedsharplyinWesterncountries,especiallytheUnitedStates,andthegapbetweenwhite-andblue-collarpaywidened.Permissiveparentingwasreplacedbyhelicopterparenting.Middle-andupper-classparentswho’dgonetopublicschoolsandspenteveningsplayingkickballintheneighborhoodbeganelbowingtheirtoddlersintofast-trackpreschoolsandspendingeveningsmonitoringtheirhomeworkanddrivingthemtoactivities.Americanparentseventuallyincreasedtheir____26____caregivingbyabout12hoursaweek,comparedwiththe1970s.Notallthechangeswererational.But____27____,thenewparentingeffortsseemedeffective.Whentheresearchersanalyzedthe2012PISA,anacademictestof15-year-oldsaroundtheworld,alongwithreportsfromtheteenagersandtheirparentsabouthowtheyinteract,theyfoundthatan“intensiveparentingstyle”correlatedwithhigherscoresonthetest.It’snotenoughjustto____28____overyourkids,however.Ifyoudoitasan“authoritarian”parent—definedassomeonewho____29____directives,expectschildrentoobeyandsometimeshitsthosewhodon’t—youwon’tgetthefullbenefits.Themosteffectiveparents,accordingtotheauthors,are“authoritative.”Theyusereasoningtopersuadekidstodothingsthataregoodforthem.Insteadofstrictobedience,theyemphasize____30____,problem-solvingandindependence—skillsthatwillhelptheiroffspringinfutureworkplacesthatwecan’tevenimagineyet.Andtheyseemmostsuccessfulathelpingtheirkidsachievetheholygrails(圣杯)ofmodernparenting:collegeandpostgraduatedegrees,whichnowhaveahugefinancialpayoff.Thebenefitsaren’tjust____31____.In

aBritishstudy,kidsraisedbyauthoritativeparentsreportedbetterhealthandhigherself-esteem.IntheAmericanstudy,theywerelesslikelytousedrugs,smokeor____32____alcohol.Sowhywouldn’teveryonejustbecomea(n)____33____parent?Religiouspeople,regardlessoftheirincome,aremorelikelytobeauthoritarianparentswhoexpectobedienceandbelieveincorporalpunishment,theauthorsfound.Working-classandpoorparentsmightnothavetheleisuretimetohoverorthebudgettopayforactivitiesandexpensiveschools.Andtheymay___34___feelthattheyneedtopreparetheirchildrenforjobsinwhichrule-followingmattersmorethandebatingskills.Thosewhocanaffordtohelicopterareprobablymakingthingsevenmoreunequalforthenextgeneration.Sincethere’sapparentlyno____35____tohowmuchpeoplewilldofortheirkids,theprognosisforparentingdoesn’tlookgood.Yetanotherreasontoelectpeoplewho’llmakeAmericamoreequal:Wegrown-upscanfinallystopdoinghomework.21.A.changesinto B.feedsinto C.turnsinto D.transformsinto22.A.claimed B.doubted C.suspected D.questioned23.A.obsessions B.associations C.observations D.investigations24.A.mention B.action C.transition D.function25.A.objectedto B.contributedto C.gaveriseto D.gavewayto26.A.hands-down B.hands-off C.hands-on D.hands-over27.A.foralltheattention B.forthemostpart C.withindefinedareas D.underrightsupervision28.A.look B.hover C.take D.protect29.A.issues B.figures C.employs D.evaluates30.A.reliability B.probability C.regularity D.adaptability31.A.financial B.physical C.academic D.mental32.A.abuse B.refuse C.counter D.command33.A.permissive B.authoritative C.authoritarian D.helicopter34A.neutrally B.formally C.rightly D.reluctantly35.A.link B.proof C.comparison D.limit参考答案：21.B

22.C

23.A

24.D

25.D

26.C

27.B

28.B

29.A

30.D

31.C

32.A

33.B

34.C

35.D这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了心理学家、社会学家和记者花了十多年的时间来批评“直升机父母”的习惯和他们对学校的痴迷。他们坚持认为，过度养育会产生事与愿违的结果——产生一代压力过大、无法独立生活的孩子。但一项新的研究表明，在我们这个不平等的时代，这种教育方式带来了改变人生的好处。同时对比了不同时期家长教育方式的不同。得出结论在大多数情况下，这种新的育儿方式似乎很有效。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们想把他送进一所幼儿园，这所幼儿园隶属于一所私立预科学校，该学校有很好的大学录取记录。A.changesinto变成；B.feedsinto流入，注入；C.turnsinto变成，成为；D.transformsinto转变成。幼儿园不可能“变成”预科学校，由此可以排除ACD三个选项。根据常识，该幼儿园应该是该私立学校旗下的一个分支机构，即：幼儿园“流入”私立预科学校。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我认为如果他们能让他们的儿子上这个幼儿园，他们会接受的。A.claimed宣称；B.doubted怀疑；C.suspected认为，怀疑；D.questioned质疑。该句前面提到：这对夫妇对这样做感到矛盾。他们来自移民和工人阶级家庭，在公立学校里茁壮成长。从理论上讲，他们认为所有的孩子都应该有平等的成功机会。根据But转折可知，尽管这对夫妇对于将孩子送入这个幼儿园感到矛盾，但是一旦有机会，他们是会这样做的。这是作者的看法。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：心理学家、社会学家和记者花了十多年来批评“直升机父母”的习惯和他们对学校的痴迷。A.obsessions痴迷；

B.associations联系，社团；C.observations观察，观测；D.investigations调查。根据第一和第二段那对夫妇的例子可知，很多“直升机父母”追求名校，想让孩子上好学校。即：对名校的痴迷。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们坚持认为，过度养育会产生事与愿违的结果——产生一代压力过大、无法独立生活的孩子。A.mention提及；B.action务必做，确保处理；C.transition（n.）转变，过渡；D.function运转，正常工作。根据该句前面提到心理学家，社会学家和记者们批判“直升机父母”可以推知，他们认为这样做不好，会导致孩子无法独立“运转”。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：严格的家教让位于“宽松家教”的时代——给孩子们很多自由，几乎没有监督。A.objectedto反对；B.contributedto为……做贡献；C.gaveriseto引起，导致；D.gavewayto给……让路。根据该句前面一句可知，根据这项研究，当不平等在20世纪70年代达到最低点时，拥有或没有大学学位的人之间的收入差距并没有那么大。由此推知，70年代，人们推崇的是“宽松家教”，即：“严格家教”给“宽松家教”让路。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与上世纪70年代相比，美国父母最终将他们的亲自照料孩子的时间增加了大约12个小时。A.hands-down无疑的，唾手可得的；B.hands-off不干涉的，不插手的；C.hands-on亲身实践的，亲自动手的；D.hands-over。根据上一段可知，上过公立学校、晚上在社区里玩踢球的中上层阶级家长开始把他们的孩子推到快速学前班，晚上监督他们的家庭作业，开车带他们去参加活动。即：这些家长开始亲自照料孩子，教养孩子。故选C。【27题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：但在大多数情况下，这种新的育儿方式似乎很有效。A.foralltheattention

对于所有的关注；B.forthemostpart在极大程度上，多半；C.withindefinedareas在定义的区域之内；D.underrightsupervision在正确的监督下。根据该段最后一句可知，研究发现，“强化教育方式”与考试高分相关。由此推知，尽管并非所有的改变都是合理的，但是，在大多数情况下，“强化教育方式”是有效的。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，仅仅盯着你的孩子是不够的。A.look看；B.hover盘旋，徘徊；

C.take带走；D.protect保护。下一句提到，如果你是作为一个“专制”的父母来做这件事，你将不会得到全部的好处。下一段建议人们要通过“说理”来说服孩子们。由此推知，该句想表达的是“强化式教育”并不意味着仅仅围着孩子转。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你是作为一个“专制”的父母来做这件事，你将不会得到全部的好处。“专制”父母的定义是发布指令，希望孩子们服从，有时还会打击那些不服从的人。A.issues发布，出版，发行；B.figures认为，认定，计算；C.employs雇佣；D.evaluates评估。该句是对“专制”的父母的解释。根据常识可知，专制型的人往往会发布指令。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们强调的不是严格的服从，而是适应能力、解决问题的能力和独立性—这些技能将有助于他们的后代在未来的工作场所中发挥作用，这是我们甚至还无法想象的。A.reliability可靠性；B.probability可能性；C.regularity规律性；D.adaptability适应性。该空和problem-solving，independence并列，都是有助于孩子们未来工作的技能。由此推知，“适应性”符合语境。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些好处不仅仅是学业方面的。A.financial财务的，金融的；B.physical身体的，物理的；C.academic学业的，学术的；D.mental精神的，脑力的。上一段中提到的“collegeandpostgraduatedegrees”都是学业方面的成就。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这项美国研究中，他们吸毒，抽烟，酗酒的可能性更小。A.abuse滥用，辱骂；B.refuse拒绝；C.counter反驳，驳斥

D.command命令，指挥。结合前面的。____alcohol和usedrugs，smoke并列，都是一些不好的行为。故推知，该处应指“滥用酒精”。故选A。33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那么，为什么不是每个人都成为一个权威的家长呢?A.permissive放任的，纵容的；B.authoritative命令式的，专断的；C.authoritarian威权主义的，专制的；D.helicopter（n.）直升机。前面三段介绍的是“权威型家长”的特点以及好处。该段承接上文，提出问题：既然“权威型家长”这么好，为什么不是每个人都成为一个权威型的家长呢？故选B。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们可能会理所当然地认为，他们需要为孩子们准备好工作，在这些工作中，遵守规则比辩论技巧更重要。A.neutrally中立地；B.formally正式地；C.rightly正当地，理由充分地；D.reluctantly不情愿地，嫌恶地。上一句提到：工薪阶层和贫困家庭的父母可能没有空闲时间或预算来支付活动和昂贵的学校费用。因此这些父母“有充足的理由”认为他们需要为孩子们准备好工作。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然人们为孩子所做的事情没有限度，所以父母对孩子的教育前景并不乐观。A.link联系；B.proof证明；C.comparison比较；

D.limit限制。该段前面分别以“religiouspeople”，“working-classandpoorparents”，“helicopterparents”为例，分别阐述了这三类父母为孩子付出的不同。由此推知，不同类型的父母为孩子的付出是不同的，这种付出可多可少，没有“限度”。故选D。三、阅读理解18.阅读下面短文并回答问题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。Angerandbitternessmayaffectyourhealth．Accordingtoaresearch，forgivenessmayhelpyoukeephealthy，bothphysicallyandmentally.Forgiveness----givingupangertowardanother-cangreatlyreduceyourbody'sangerandstressresponses，whichaffectyourmentalandphysicalhealth．ResearchconductedbytheUniversityofMichigan'sinstituteforSocialResearchhasshowedthatpeoplewhofor-givethemselvesandothersexperiencereducedfeelingsofrestlessness，nervousnessandhopelessness．Otherresearcheshavefoundforgivenesscanalsolowerbloodpressureandheartrates.“Stressworsenspain，tightensmusclesandinfluencesthesmoothrunningoftheimmune（免疫）system.”saysFredLuskin，directoroftheForgivenessProjectatStanfordUniversity．"Peoplethinktheyhaveunlimitedstorageofangerthatwillneverdoharmtotheirhealth，buttheyarequitewrong."Andgoodnews：Youdon'thavetobeGandhitoforgiveothersoraskforforgiveness．"Forgivenessisateachableskill，whichyoucanlearnjustlikeyoulearntoplaythepiano."saysLuskin.Rememberthesetipswhenlearningtoforgive:Commityourself．Dowhateveryouhavetodotofeelbetter．Forgivenessisforyounot______．Graspthetruth．Recognizethatyourprimarybitternesscomesfromthehurtfeelingsandphysicalupsetyousuffernow，notwhatoffendedorhurtyou2minutesor10yearsago.Meetpositivegoals．Insteadofmentallyreplayingyourhurt，seekanewandpositivefuture.Livewell．Rememberthatalifewelllivedisthemostimportant．Stopfocusingonwoundedfeelings-thatgivesthepersonwhocausedyourpainpoweroveryou．Instead，lookforlove，beautyandkindnessaroundyou.76．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?（Pleaseanswerwithin8words.）

77．Listthreefeelingsthatforgivenesscanreducebasedonthetext.（Pleaseanswerwithin9words.）①_________________________________________________________________________②_________________________________________________________________________③_________________________________________________________________________78．Fillintheblankwithproperwordstocompletethesentence．（Pleaseanswerwithin6words.）

79．Whichsentenceinthepassageistheclosestinmeaningtothefollowingone?Keepinmindthatlivingagoodlifeisofvitalsignificance.

80．TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4intoChinese.

参考答案：76．Forgivenesshelpsyoukeephealthy．/Learntoforgive77．①angerandstress②restlessness③nervousness／hopelessness（答案不唯一，写出3个即可）78．foranyoneelse／forotherperson/forothers79．Rememberthatalifewelllivedisthemostimportant．80．宽恕是一种可教（可学）的技能，你可以像学弹钢琴那样学习它。19.Hi,everybody.

Overthepastcouplemonths,mostofthepoliticalheadlinesyou’vereadhaveprobablybeenaboutthegovernmentshutdown

andthelaunchoftheAffordableCareAct(平价医疗法案).

AndIknowthatmanyofyouhaverightlyneverbeenmorefrustratedwithWashington.Butifyoulookbeyondthoseheadlines,therearesomegoodthingshappeninginoureconomy.

Andthat’sbeenmytoppriority（优先考虑）sincethedayIwalkedintotheOvalOffice.Afterdecadesinwhichthemiddleclasswasworkingharderandharderjusttokeepup,andapunishingrecession（衰退）thatmadeitworse,wemadethetoughchoicesrequirednotjusttorecoverfromcrisis,buttorebuildonanewfoundationforstronger,moredurableeconomicgrowth.Fiveyearslater,wehavefoughtourwayback.

Ourbusinesseshavecreated7.8millionnewjobsinthepast44months.Another200,000Americanswentbacktoworklastmonth.TheAmericanautoindustryhascomebackwithmorethan350,000newjobs–--jobsputtingoutandsellingthehigh-tech,fuel-efficientcarstheworldwantstobuy.Andthey’releadingthechargeinabusinessthathasaddedjobsforthefirsttimesincethe1990s–--abigreasonwhyourbusinessessellmoregoodsandservices“MadeinAmerica”thaneverbefore.Wedecidedtostopouraddictiontoforeignoil.

Andtoday,weproducemorerenewableenergythanever,morenaturalgasthananybody,andforthefirsttimeinnearly20years,Americanowproducesmoreoilthanwebuyfromothercountries.Wedecidedtofixabrokenhealthcaresystem.

Andeventhoughthetaskhasbeenrough,sofar,about500,000AmericansgainhealthcoveragestartingJanuary1st.

Andbytheway,healthcarecostsaregrowingattheslowestratein50years.Andonemorething:sinceItookoffice,we’vecutourdeficits(赤字)bymorethanhalf.

Andthatmakesiteasiertoinvestinthethingsthatcreatejobs–--education,research,andsoon.Imaginehowmuchfartheralongwecouldbe