河南省信阳市丰集中学2022-2023学年高二英语测试题含解析

河南省信阳市丰集中学2022-2023学年高二英语测试题含解析一、选择题1.Itwasnotuntilthescientistdied

weappreciatedthetruesignificanceofhisdiscoveries.

A.after

B.before

C.when

D.that参考答案：D略2.---Youdidverywellatthemeeting,Black.

---Well,Iregret___________thattotheboss.

A.say B.tosay C.said D.saying参考答案：D3.Undertheagreement,Chinawill_________hundredsofmillionsofpoundsindebtsowedtoitbysomeoftheworld’spoorestcountries.Whatareliefforthem!A.sack

B.conduct

C.assess

D.cancel

参考答案：D4..Whatimpressesmemostis____heappearsinfrontofothers,hewearsasincereandcharmingsmile.A.which

B.that

C.when

D.thatwhenever参考答案：D略5.Todaytherearemoreairplanes___morepeoplethaneverbeforeintheskies.A.carry

B.carrying

C.carried

D.tobecarrying参考答案：B6.—Director,Jackisill,sohecan’tbehere.—Thenwe’llhavenochoicebuttogivetheperformance_______him.A．exceptfor

B．apartfrom

C．except

D．without参考答案：D7.

Inmanyshopsthecustomerhastowaitforsomeoneto________him.Andwhenfinallysomeclerkappearskindenoughtonoticeyou,youaremadetofeelasifyouwereinterruptinghim.A.catchon

B.callon

C.waiton

D.takeon参考答案：C8.—Lindadidn’tinviteustoherbirthdayparty.

—_______?Idon’tcare.A.Forwhat

B.Sowhat

C.what’son

D.what’sup参考答案：B9.Thefluisbelieved_______byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.A.causingB.beingcausedC.tobecausedD.tohavecaused

参考答案：C10..Onlyafterthewomanhadherownchild____howdifficultitwastobeamother.

A.sherealized

B.hadsherealized

C.shehadrealized

D.didsherealize参考答案：D略11.TheweatherinEnglandischangeable,

itsreputation.A.lookingupto

B.livinguptoC.makingupfor

D.standingupfor参考答案：B考查动词词组。A.lookingupto尊敬；B.livingupto不辜负；C.makingupfor弥补；

D.standingupfor支持，坚持。英国的天气变化无常，名不虚传。此处是现在分词做伴随状语，故答案为B。12.Theyoungdancerslookedsocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthatwetook

picturesofthem.

A.manyof

B.massesof

C.thenumberof

D.alargeamountof参考答案：B略13.

studentswhatisthemostdifficultcourseinhighschool,andmostofthemwillgiveyouthesameanswer:maths.A.Ask

B.Asking

C.Asked

D.Tobeasked参考答案：A14.

_______moreandmoreforestsdestroyed,someanimalsarefacingthedangerofdyingout.

A.With

B.By

C.As

D.For参考答案：A15._______,theclimberswouldtrytheirbesttoreachitstopwithouttheaidfromotherpeople.A.Howeverthemountainmightbehigh

B.HoweverhighthemountainmightbeC.Nomatterhowthemountainmightbehigh

D.Nomatterhighthemountainmightbe参考答案：B略16.--Readytoquitguessing,Sandy?--No,no,Iholdon!IthinkI

______

totheanswer.A.come

B.havecome

C.amcoming

D.came参考答案：C二、完型填空17.SanfordGreenbergwasoncealuckyguy.ApoorkidfromBuffalo,NewYork,hewas__21__intoColumbiaUniversityonafullscholarshipandhadagreat__22__,ArthurGarfunkel.Butinhisthirdyearofcollege,Greenberg’s___23_changed—hewasgoingblind.Hewasso___24_thatherefusedtoseeanyonefromcollege.ButGarfunkelwentuptoBuffalo,__25__GreenbergtogobacktoColumbiaandofferedtobehis__26___Greenbergreturnedtocampus.Garfunkelandtwootherroommatesreadtextbookstohim,takingtimeoutformtheirownstudies,andGreenberg__27__scoringstraightA’s._28___,hewasafraidofgettingaroundaloneandreliedonhisfriendstohelphim.Then,oneafternoon,GreenbergandGarfunkelwenttoMidtownManhattan.WhenitwastimeforGreenbergto__29__,Garfunkelsaidhehadanappointmentandcouldn’t__30__him.Greenbergpanicked.Theyargued,andGarfunkelwalkedoff,leavingGreenberg__31__inGrandCentralTerminal.Greenbergstumbled(跌跌撞撞地走)throughtherush-hourcrowd.He_32___ashuttletrainwesttoTimesSquare,thenchangedtoanuptowntrain.Fourmileslater,he__33__attheColumbiaUniversitystop.Attheuniversity’sgate,someone__34__him.“Oops,excuseme,sir”Greenberg__35__thevoice.ItwasGarfunkel’s.Greenberg’sfirst_36___wasanger,butinthenextsecond,herealizedwhathehadjust___37__--andrealized,too,whohadmadeitpossible.“Itwasoneofthemostbrilliant___38_”Greenbergsays.“Arthurhadbeenwithmethewholeway.”Aftergraduation,Greenberggothisdoctor’sdegreefromHarvardandbecameasuccessfulinventorandbusinessman.__39_____blind,Greenbergseeseverything.“Youaretalking,”healwayssays,“tothe___40__manintheworld.”21．A．transported

B．admitted

C．introduced

D．forced22．A．teacher

B．father

C．roommate

D．doctor23．A．fortune

B．attitude

C．plan

D．career24．A．busy

B．ashamed

C．shy

D．upset25．A．promised

B．persuaded

C．allowed

D．reminded26．A．guard

B．recorder

C．reader

D．cook27．A．putoff

B．endedup

C．thoughtof

D．feltlike28．A．Still

B．So

C．Instead

D．Besides29．A．pay

B．start

C．perform

D．return30．A．recommend

B．instruct

C．accompany

D．replace31．A．crying

B．working

C．hungry

D．alone32．A．took

B．left

C．heard

D．saw33．A．caughtup

B．gaveup

C．setoff

D．gotoff34．A．noticed

B．raninto

C．waitedfor

D．welcomed35．A．remembered

B．liked

C．knew

D．followed36．A．impression

B．decision

C．suggestion

D．reaction37．A．predicted

B．accomplished

C．demanded

D．witnessed38．A．ideas

B．goals

C．inventions

D．stories39．A．When

B．Until

C．Though

D．Unless40．A．luckiest

B．cleverest

C．warmest

D．richest参考答案：21．

B

22．

C

23．

A

24．

D

25．

B

26．

C

27．

B

28．

A

29．

D

30．

C

31．

D

32．

A

33．

D

34．

B

35．

C

36．

D

37．

B

38．

A

39．

C

40．

A

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述桑福德·格林伯格的坎坷人生经历。他曾经是个幸运的人。他是一个来自纽约布法罗的穷孩子，凭借着全额奖学金被哥伦比亚大学录取，他有一个很棒的室友，阿瑟·加芬克尔。但是在他大学的第三年，格林伯格的命运发生了变化——他失明了。毕业后，Greenberg从哈佛大学获得博士学位，成为一名成功的发明家和商人。Greenberg虽然失明，但他能明白一切。21．考查动词。A.transported运输，搬运；

B.admitted承认；

C.introduced介绍；

D.forced强迫。根据ApoorkidfromBuffalo,NewYork,hewas___1___intoColumbiaUniversityonafullscholarshipandhadagreat___2___,ArthurGarfunkel.可知，他是一个来自纽约布法罗的穷孩子，凭借着全额奖学金被哥伦比亚大学录取，他有一个很棒的室友，阿瑟·加芬克尔。故选B。22．考查名词。A.teacher教师；

B.father父亲；

C.roommate室友；

D.doctor医生。根据ApoorkidfromBuffalo,NewYork,hewas___1___intoColumbiaUniversityonafullscholarshipandhadagreat___2___,ArthurGarfunkel.可知，他是一个来自纽约布法罗的穷孩子，凭借着全额奖学金被哥伦比亚大学录取，他有一个很棒的室友，阿瑟·加芬克尔。故选C。23．考查名词。A.fortune运气；

B.attitude态度；

C.plan计划；

D.career事业。根据Butinhisthirdyearofcollege,Greenberg’s___3___changed—hewasgoingblind.可知，但是在他大学的第三年，格林伯格的命运发生了变化——他失明了。结合句意可知答案为A。24．考查形容词。A.busy忙碌的；

B.ashamed羞愧的；

C.shy害羞的；

D.upset烦恼的。根据Hewasso___4___thatherefusedtoseeanyonefromcollege.可知，他心烦意乱，拒绝见大学里的任何人。故选D。25．考查动词。A.promised许诺；

B.persuaded劝说；

C.allowed允许；

D.reminded提醒。根据ButGarfunkelwentuptoBuffalo,___5___GreenbergtogobacktoColumbiaandofferedtobehis___6___可知，但是Garfunkel去了Buffalo，说服Greenberg回到哥伦比亚大学做他的读者。该句中的But表示转折，将上下句连在一起，根据上句中的refused可知此空答案为B。26．考查名词。A.guard守卫；

B.recorder录音机；

C.reader读者；

D.cook厨师。根据ButGarfunkelwentuptoBuffalo,___5___GreenbergtogobacktoColumbiaandofferedtobehis___6___可知，但是Garfunkel去了Buffalo，说服Greenberg回到哥伦比亚大学做他的读者。结合句意可知答案为C。27．考查动词短语。A.putoff推迟；

B.endedup结束；

C.thoughtof考虑，想到；

D.feltlike想要。根据Garfunkelandtwootherroommatesreadtextbookstohim,takingtimeoutformtheirownstudies,andGreenberg___7___scoringstraightA’s.可知，Garfunkel和另外两名室友给他读课本，抽出时间完成自己的学业，Greenberg最终获得了全A。固定搭配：endupdoingsth.“以做某事而结束”。故选B。28．考查副词。A.Still仍然；

B.So所以；

C.Instead相反，反而；

D.Besides另外，此外。根据___8___,hewasafraidofgettingaroundaloneandreliedonhisfriendstohelphim.可知，尽管如此，他还是害怕独自出行，并依赖朋友的帮助。此处still“仍然”符合语境，故答案为A。29．考查动词。A.pay支付；

B.start开始；

C.perform执行，完成；

D.return返回，归还。根据WhenitwastimeforGreenbergto___9___,Garfunkelsaidhehadanappointmentandcouldn’t___10___him.可知，当Greenberg回来的时候，Garfunkel说他有个约会，不能陪他。此处return“返回”，故答案为D。30．考查动词。A.recommend推荐；

B.instruct指导；

C.accompany陪伴；

D.replace替换，代替。根据WhenitwastimeforGreenbergto___9___,Garfunkelsaidhehadanappointmentandcouldn’t___10___him.可知，当Greenberg回来的时候，Garfunkel说他有个约会，不能陪他。结合上句的reliedonhisfriendstohelphim.所以这里应该是“陪伴”，故选C。31．考查形容词。A.crying叫喊的；

B.working工作的；

C.hungry饥饿的；

D.alone独自的，单独的。根据Theyargued,andGarfunkelwalkedoff,leavingGreenberg___11___inGrandCentralTerminal.可知，他们吵了起来，Garfunkel走开了，把Greenberg一个人留在GrandCentralTerminal。leavesb.alone“把某人单独留下”，故选D。32．考查动词。A.took拿走；

B.left离开；

C.heard听见；

D.saw看见。根据He___12___ashuttletrainwesttoTimesSquare,thenchangedtoanuptowntrain.可知，他乘摆渡车向西到时代广场，然后换乘上城的火车。固定搭配：takeatrain“乘火车”。故选A。33．考查动词词组。A.caughtup抓起，捉住；

B.gaveup放弃；

C.setoff出发，开始；

D.gotoff下车。根据Fourmileslater,he___13___attheColumbiaUniversitystop.可知，四英里后，他在哥伦比亚大学站下了车。此处getoff“下车”，故选D。34．考查动词。A.noticed注意到；

B.raninto偶然碰见；

C.waitedfor等待；

D.welcomed欢迎。根据Fourmileslater,he___13___attheColumbiaUniversitystop.Attheuniversity’sgate,someone___14___him.可知，四英里后，他在哥伦比亚大学站下了车。在大学门口，有人碰到了他。固定词组：runinto“撞上，偶然遇见”，结合句意可知选B。35．考查动词。A.remembered记得；

B.liked喜欢；

C.knew知道；

D.followed跟随。根据“Oops,excuseme,sir”Greenberg___15___thevoice.可知，“噢，对不起，先生。”Greenberg认得那个声音。结合句意可知答案为C。36．考查名词。A.impression印象；

B.decision决定；

C.suggestion建议；

D.reaction反应。根据Greenberg’sfirst___16___wasanger,butinthenextsecond,herealizedwhathehadjust___17___--andrealized,too,whohadmadeitpossible.可知，Greenberg的第一反应是愤怒，但紧接着，他意识到自己刚刚完成了什么——也意识到是谁让这一切成为可能。结合句意可知答案为D。37．考查动词。A.predicted预测；

B.accomplished完成；

C.demanded要求；

D.witnessed目睹。根据Greenberg’sfirst___16___wasanger,butinthenextsecond,herealizedwhathehadjust___17___--andrealized,too,whohadmadeitpossible.可知，Greenberg的第一反应是愤怒，但紧接着，他意识到自己刚刚完成了什么——也意识到是谁让这一切成为可能。故选B。38．考查名词。A.ideas主意，想法；

B.goals目标；

C.inventions发明；

D.stories故事。根据“Itwasoneofthemostbrilliant___18___”Greenbergsays.可知，Greenberg说:“这是最聪明的想法之一。”故选A。39．考查状语从句。A.When当------时候；

B.Until直到------为止；

C.Though尽管；

D.Unless除非。根据Aftergraduation,Greenberggothisdoctor’sdegreefromHarvardandbecameasuccessfulinventorandbusinessman.___19___blind,Greenbergseeseverything.可知，毕业后，Greenberg从哈佛大学获得博士学位，成为一名成功的发明家和商人。Greenberg虽然失明，但他能明白一切。结合句意可知此处是though引导的让步状语从句，故选C。40．考查形容词最高级。A.luckiest最幸运的；

B.cleverest最聪明的；

C.warmest最温暖的；

D.richest最富有的。根据“Youaretalking,”healwayssays,“tothe___20___manintheworld.”再结合第一段第一句SanfordGreenbergwasoncealuckyguy.可知，“你在和世界上最幸运的人说话，”他总是说。“luckiest”最符合语境，故选A。【点睛】解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。本题第20小题，根据“Youaretalking,”healwayssays,“tothe___20___manintheworld.”再结合第一段第一句SanfordGreenbergwasoncealuckyguy.可知，“你在和世界上最幸运的人说话，”他总是说。“luckiest”最符合语境，故选A。三、阅读理解18.Whenonetriedtounifygravitywithquantummechanics(量子力学),onehadtointroducetheideaof‘imaginary’time.Ifonecangoforwardinimaginarytime,oneoughttobeabletoturnroundandgobackward.Thismeansthattherecanbenoimportantdifferencebetweentheforwardandbackwarddirectionsofimaginarytime.Yetthereisabigdifferencebetweentheforwardandbackwarddirectionsof‘realtime’inordinarylife.Imagineacupofwaterfallingoffatableandbreakingintopiecesonthefloor.Ifyoutakeafilmofthis,youcaneasilytellwhetheritisbeingrunforwardorbackward.Youcantellthatthefilmisbeingrunbackwardbecausethiskindofbehaviorisneverobservedinordinarylife.Theexplanationthatisusuallygivenastowhywedon’tseebrokencupsgatheringthemselvestogetheroffthefloorandjumpingbackontothetableisthatitisforbiddenbythesecondlawofthermodynamics(热力学).Thissaysthatinanyclosedsystemdisorder,orentropy(熵),alwaysincreaseswithtime.Inotherwords,itisaformofMurphy’slaw:thingsalwaystendtogowrong!Anintactcuponthetableisastateofhighorder,butabrokencuponthefloorisadisorderedstate.Onecangoreadilyfromthecuponthetableinthepasttothebrokencuponthefloorinthefuture,butnottheotherwayround.Theincreaseofdisorderorentropywithtimeisoneexampleofwhatiscalledanarrowoftime,somethingthattellsthepastfromthefuture,givingadirectiontotime.Thereareatleastthreedifferentarrowsoftime.First,thereisthethermodynamicarrowoftime,thedirectionoftimeinwhichdisorderorentropyincreases.Then,thereisthepsychologicalarrowoftime.Thisisthedirectioninwhichwefeeltimepasses,thedirectioninwhichwerememberthepastbutnotthefuture.Finally,thereisthecosmologicalarrowoftime.Thisisthedirectionoftimeinwhichtheuniverseisexpandingratherthancontracting.12.Howdoes‘imaginarytime’differfrom‘realtime’accordingtothepassage?A.Imaginarytimeismoreimportantthanrealtimeinscience.B.Directionsmeanlesstoimaginarytimethantorealtime.C.Onecangobackwardinrealtimebutcan’tinimaginarytime.D.Itishardertotelldirectionsofrealtimethanofimaginarytime13.What’sthepurposeofwritingaboutacupofwaterfallingoffatable?A.Todefinetheforwardandbackwarddirectionsofrealtime.B.TotellthebackwarddirectionfromtheforwarddirectionofrealtimeC.Toshowrealtimeismorescientificthanimaginarytimeinordinarylife.D.Toprovethere’sabigdifferencebetweenthedirectionsofrealtime.14.Whydon’tweseebrokencupsgatheringthemselvestogetheroffthefloorandjumpingbackontothetable?A.Itdoesn’tagreewiththesecondlawofthermodynamics.B.Thingswillquicklygowrongforentropyincreaseswithtime.C.ThereisaninterchangebetweenastateofhighorderandadisorderedstateD.Allabove.15.Theunderlinedwordinthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto______.A.universal B.physicalC.technological D.geographical参考答案：12.B

13.D

14.A

15.A【分析】本文是一篇说明文。当人们试图将引力与量子力学统一起来时，就必须引入“假想”时间的概念。这意味着，在假想时间的正向和反向方向之间不可能有什么重要的区别。然而，在日常生活中，“实时”的前进和后退方向有很大的不同。最后，还有宇宙时间之箭。这是宇宙膨胀而不是收缩的时间方向。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中Thismeansthattherecanbenoimportantdifferencebetweentheforwardandbackwarddirectionsofimaginarytime.Yetthereisabigdifferencebetweentheforwardandbackwarddirectionsof‘realtime’inordinarylife.Imagineacupofwaterfallingoffatableandbreakingintopiecesonthefloor.“这意味着，在假想时间的正向和反向方向之间不可能有什么重要的区别。然而，在日常生活中，“实时”的前进和后退方向有很大的不同。”可知，根据这篇文章，“假想时间”和“真实时间”的不同是“方向对虚时间的意义小于对实时间的意义。”故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中Yetthereisabigdifferencebetweentheforwardandbackwarddirectionsof‘realtime’inordinarylife.Imagineacupofwaterfallingoffatableandbreakingintopiecesonthefloor.“然而，在日常生活中，“实时”的前进和后退方向有很大的不同。想象一杯水从桌子上掉下来，在地板上摔成了碎片。”可知，写一杯从桌子上掉下来的水的目的是来证明实时方向之间有很大的不同。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Theexplanationthatisusuallygivenastowhywedon’tseebrokencupsgatheringthemselvestogetheroffthefloorandjumpingbackontothetableisthatitisforbiddenbythesecondlawofthermodynamics(热力学).“通常的解释是，为什么我们没有看到破碎的杯子从地板上聚拢起来，然后跳回到桌子上，这是热力学第二定律所禁止的”。可知，我们没有看到破碎的杯子从地板上聚拢起来，然后跳回到桌子上去是因为“它不符合热力学第二定律。”故选A。【15题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段最后一句Thisisthedirectionoftimeinwhichtheuniverseisexpandingratherthancontracting.“这是宇宙膨胀而不是收缩的时间方向。”由此推知上句划线词的意思是“宇宙的”。故选A。【点睛】做词义猜测题时，利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，。最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义。尤其是要抓住所需推断词汇前后的内容。本题第4小题，根据最后一段最后一句Thisisthedirectionoftimeinwhichtheuniverseisexpandingratherthancontracting.“这是宇宙膨胀而不是收缩的时间方向。”由此推知上句划线词的意思是“宇宙的”。故选A。19.阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Facedwithatoughjobmarket,freshgraduatesaredreamingofrunningtheirownbusinessesinstead.Butarecentsurveyhasshowedthatsuchambitionslacktherequiredsupportandremainjustthat—dreams.TheShanghaiMunicipalEmploymentPromotionCenterpollofl,276graduatesinseveraluniversitiesandcollegesinthecityshowed59.78percentofrespondentsconsideredthepossibilityofsettingupacompanyoratleastasmallstore.“Buttheyjuststopatthe‘thinking’stage,”itstated.Respondentsputthetopreasonsfornotdoingitalonedowntoashortageofinvestmentandalackofbusinessopportunity.Theyalsolistedlackofbusinessexperienceandsocialnetworks,theneedforadvancedstudyandobjectionsfromfamily