2021届厦门市华侨中学高三英语第一次联考试题及参考答案

2021届厦门市华侨中学高三英语第一次联考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMymotherandherbestfriendMarthawereintheirmid-80swhentheysaweachotherforthelasttime.Theyhadbeenfriendssincetheywere18,bothofthemstudentsatWesleyanCollegeinMacon,Georgia.Mymotherwasthedreamyone,wholovedtoreadanddreamherselfasanactress.Martha,however,wasmorepractical.I’mnotsurewhattheyhadincommonexceptthattheytrustedeachother,helpedeachother,andstayedintouchevenwhenlifeseparatedthem.MarthaspentmostofheradulthoodinAtlanta,wheresheraisedthreekids.Mymother,meanwhile,raisedeightchildren,andmovedmanytimesduringherfinanciallyandemotionallytroubledmarriage,whichincludedseveralmonthslivingwithherfamilyinseedvmotels.Isensedmymotherhidhertroublesfrommostpeople,butnotfromMartha,andIknewfrommymotherthatMarthacarriedherownsorrows.Theirwillingnesstosharesorrowwithoutjudgmentwaspartofwhatbondthem.Thebestfriendshipscanalsowithstand（抵挡）periodswithoutcommunication.Theydidn’tcommunicatealot—thiswasbeforetheeaseofemailsandtextsandyetIknewtheywerealwaysineachother’sminds.Onedayin2008,1drovemymothertoMartha’shousefortheirfinalvisit.Themomentmymotherhobbled（蹒跚）intoMartha’shouse,theythrewtheirarmsaroundeachotherandwenttositoutinthegarden,laughinguntiltheyweredizzy.Isnappedaphoto,andspottedsomethingjoyous,youngandfreeonmymom,whichexistedonlyinthepresenceofherbestfriend.Twoyearslater,mymotherdied.OfallthepeopleIhadtotell,MarthawasthehardestbecauseIfeltiterasedherpast.Afterthat,welosttouch.ButIstillthinkofherandhowthatfriendshipstrengthenedmymother.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“seedy”inParagraph3probablymean?A.large B.dirty C.urban D.brightTheauthor’smotherandMarthahadalastingfriendshippartlybecausethey .A.werewillingtoshare B.wereconstantlyintouchC.hadmuchincommon D.hadalikenessinpersonalityWhatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?Totelltheimportanceoffriendship.Toexpresshisgratitudetohismother.Tosharehisstandardofchoosingafriend.TopraisethefriendshipbetweenMarthaandhismother.BWiththeirtinybrainsandexcellentabilitytomemorizenectarlocations,honeybeesareafavoritemodelorganismforstudyinglearningandmemory.Suchresearchhasindicatedthattoformlong-termmemories—onesthatlastadayormore—theinsectsneedtorepeatatrainingexperienceatleastthreetimes.Bycontrast,short-andmid-termmemoriesthatlastsecondstominutesandminutestohours,respectively,needonlyasinglelearningexperience.Exceptionstothisrulehavebeenobserved,however.Forexample,insomestudies,beesformedlong-lastingmemoriesafterasinglelearningevent.Suchresultsareoftenregardedascircumstantialanomalies,saysMartinGiurfaoftheUniversityofToulouse.Buttheanomalousfindings,togetherwithresearchshowingthatfruitfliesandantscanformlong-termmemoriesaftersingleexperiences,arousedGiurfa’scuriosity.Wasitpossiblethathoneybeescouldreliablydothesame?Giurfareasonedthattheabilitytoformlong-termmemoriesmightdependontheparticulartypeofbeeandtheexperience.Withinahoneybeecolony,therearenurses,whocleanthehiveandfeedtheyoung;guards,whopatrolandprotectthehive;andforagers,whosearchfornectar.Whilepreviousstudieshavetestedbeesasawhole,Ciurfaandhiscolleaguesfocusedonforagers,taskingthemwithrememberinganexperiencerelevanttotheirrole:anodorassociatedwithasugaryreward.Theresearchersobservedthatasingleexposuretoareward-pairedodorwasenoughformostforagerbeestorememberthatspecificodorthefollowingday.Manyforagerscouldevenremembertheodorthreedaylater.Theresultsdonotmeanthatallpriorresearchwaswrong,saysAndreFialaoftheUniversityofGottingen.“Peoplehavedonetheexperimentsinadifferentway.”Still,thenewresultsdoshowthat“thecommonlyheldbeliefthatoneneedsmultipletrainingtrialstoachievelong-termmemoryisnotalwaystrue,”hesays,andthis“reallyadvancesthefield.”WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusthroughParagraph1?A.Amodelformemoryresearch. B.Theclassificationofmemories.C.Newresearchonlearningandmemory. D.Previousfindingsonmemoryformation.Whichfactormightinfluenceabee’smemoryofanexperience,accordingtoGiurfa’sresearch?A.Whetherthebee'sroleisrelated.B.Whetherthebeeisintroducedornative.C.Howoftenthebeerepeatstheexperience.D.Howlongthebeeisexposedtothereward.WhatisAndreFiala’sattitudetowardsthenewresults?A.Doubtful. B.Favorable. C.Intolerant. D.Unclear.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?LearningandMemory:HowHoneybeesRememberHoneybeeMemory:HoneybeeKnowsWhattoDoHoneybeesRememberafterJustOneLessonHoneybeesUseMemoryforCommunicationCWhatdoyouthinkof80spopmusic?DothenamesGeorgeMichael,MadonnaandMichaelJacksonsoundfamiliar?Well,thesearejustsomeofthenamesthatwerewell-knowninthemusicsceneofthe80sandearly90s.The80spopmusicscenewasanimportantsteptothepopularity（普及）ofpresent-daymusic.Anewwaveinthemusicscenewasintroduced,whichmadesuchmusicstylesaspunkrock,rapmusicandtheMTVpopular.Althoughitwasanendtotheold60sand70sstyles,itwasalsothebeginningofsomethingbig.Thepopularityofmusicvideosmeantthatartistsnowreplacedtheirguitar-basedmusicwithvisualdisplays.Anewwaveofartistscameonthesceneandtheentireindustrydevelopedquickly.Themostfamous80spopmusicvideoisMichaelJackson’sThriller.Introducedin1982,fewpeoplecanforgetthevideonotonlybecauseofitsnever-be-foreseenimages,butalsobecauseofthepopularityitreceived.Thinkofhow80spopmusicchangedthelivesofpeoplewhogrewupinthe80s.Askayoungmantodaytotellyouthenamesofthe“NewKidsontheBlock”andhewillstarttalkingabouttheneighborkidswhojustmovedin.Thesearenottheanswersyoumighthaveheardinthe80s.Thoughtoday’syoungmendonotrecognizehowcool80spopmusicwas,mostpeoplewillalwaysrememberitforwhatitwasandthesearehappymemoriestheywillalwayslove.Someofthe80spopmusiclegends（传奇人物）includeMadonna,U2,AeroSmithandofcoursetheKingofPopMichaelJackson.Let’snotforgetPrince,TinaTurner,PhilCollinsandMotown’sLionelRitchie.Someofthesemusiciansplayedmusicthathasstoodthetestoftime.Undoubtedly,the80spopmusicscenewillliveonformanymoreyearstocome.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thecharactersof80spopmusic. B.Whatmade80spopmusicpopular.C.80spopmusic’sstepstopopularity. D.Theeffectsof80spopmusic.80spopmusicmainlyincludesthefollowingstylesEXCEPT .A.guitar-basedmusic B.theMTV C.rapmusic D.punkrockMichaelJackson’sThrillerimpressedpeoplesodeeplymainlybecause .A.itchangedthelivesofpeople B.hesangitinaspecialstyleC.itwasmadeintoamusicvideo D.itleftpeoplewithhappymemoriesThepurposeofthelastparagraphistotellreadersthat .A.80spopmusicisandwillremainpopular B.80spopmusichasmanyfaultsC.80spopmusicisnowoutofdate D.weshouldn’tforgetthegreatmusiciansofthe80sDThemeasurablethreattotheenvironmenthasbeenworsenedbythespreadofCOVID-19thatincreasestheneedforplasticprotectiveequipment.Mostplasticismadefromfossilfuels.Millionsoftonsofgreenhousegasarereleasedfromthedevelopmentoftheseresourcesandplasticproductionandburning.Theendlifeofplasticisjustworrisome.Lessthan10%oftheplasticproducedhasbeenrecycled.Evenmoreofithasbeenburned.Butthevastmajorityofplastichasbeenburiedinland,anditisincreasinglypollutingtheenvironment.Wehearmostlyaboutoceanplasticandtheharmdonetoseacreaturesthatmistakeplasticbagsandbitsforfood.Butmicroplasticisevenmoreworrisome.Plasticdoesn'tbreakdownbiologicallybutinsteadbreaksdownintotinyparticles(averysmallpieceofsomething),whichhavebeenfoundineverycorneroftheplanet,onlandandintheair,indrinkingwaterandfoodsources.Yetthepublichasnotgiventhisglobalenvironmentaldisastertheattentionitrequires.Instead,theyhaveviewedsingle-useplastic—whichmakesupabout40%ofplasticusedeachyear—asalitterissuethatcanbesolvedthroughbetterrecyclingandwastemanagement.Thatattitudemustchangebecausetherecentglobalbreakdownofthemarketforrecyclinghasmadeitclearthatithasneverbeen,noreverwillbe,abletokeepupwithplastictrashuse.Californiahasbeentheforerunnerofplasticwastereduction—itwasthefirststatetobansingle-useplasticbagsandmaybethefirststatetotransformthewaygoodsarepackaged.Thestatealsocameclosetopassinganactwhichwouldhaverequiredthatproductssoldinplasticpackaginginthestatehaveaprovenrecyclingrateof75%by2032.California,thoughinfluential,can'tsolvethiscrisisalone.TheUShaslongbeenproducingagreatamountofplastictrashanditshouldengageinreducingtheuseofplasticaswell.Whydoestheauthormentionthereleaseofgreenhousegasinparagraph1?ToshowtheharmofplasticTowarnoftheclimatechange.Tocallforthedevelopmentoffossilfuels.Tohighlighttheimportanceofplasticequipment.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthepublicopiniononsingle-useplastic?A.Favorable. B.Tolerant.C.Curious. D.Opposed.What'sCalifornia'sroleinreducingplasticwaste?A.Apioneer. B.Afailure.C.Anobjector. D.Apredictor.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?MicroplasticProductsAreHarmfulWasteRecyclingIsanUrgentMatterPlasticWastePollutionIsaWake-upCallGlobalEnvironmentalDisastersAreIncreasing第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项EndangeredspeciesAnendangeredspeciesisagroupofanimalsthatcouldsoonbecomeextinct. 16 Manyspeciesarenearlyextinctandcoulddisappearoffthefaceoftheearthverysoonifwedon’tdoanythingtosavethem.Therearemanyreasonswhyspeciesbecomeendangered.Habitatdestructionisthemainreasonwhyanimalsbecomeendangeredandthishappensintwoways.Whenhumansmoveintoanewarea,theanimals’habitatisdestroyedandthereisnowhereforthemtoliveandnothingtoeatbecausehumanschopdowntreesandbuildhousesandfarms. 17 Chemicalsinriversandpoisonsonfarmscausethedestructionofanimals’homesandfoodsupplies. 18 Animalshavebeenbroughttotheedgeofextinctionbecausetheyarekilledfortheirhighly-valuedmeat,fur,bonesorskin,orjustforsport.Overfishinghasresultedinmanylargeseacreatureslikewhalesandsharksbecomingendangeredspecies. 19 Weshouldtakecarenottopollutenaturalareas,andfarmersorcompanieswhodestroyanimalhabitatsshouldfaceseverefinancialpenalties.Thepubliccanhelpoutbyrefusingtobuyanyproductsmadefromtheseanimals’bodyparts.Governmentscanhelp,too,bymakingitagainstthelawtohunt,fishortradeinendangeredspecies.Theycanalsoprovidefundingforanimalsanctuaries,toprotectanimalsfromextinctionbybreedingmoreendangeredanimals,whichtheylaterreleaseintothewild. 20 A.Animalhabitatsarealsodestroyedbecauseofpollution.B.Endangeredspeciesarealsotheresultofhuntingandfishing.C.Eventually,allthecreaturesonEarthwillenjoybeingtogether.D.Recentchanges,however,havehelpedtoimprovethesituation.E.Sowhatcanindividualsandgovernmentsdotoprotectendangeredspecies?F.Extinctionhappenswhenthelastofthespecieshasdiedoutandtherewillbenomore.G.Ifweallcooperateandtakethesesteps,wewillprotecttheseanimalsforfuturegenerations.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Maryandherhusbandhadadognamed“Lucky”.Whenevertheirfriendscameforaweekendvisit,theywouldwarnthemnottoleavethe___21___openbecauseLuckywould___22___whateverhelikes.However,someonewouldforgetandsomethingwouldcomeup___23___.MaryorJimwouldgotoLucky’stoyboxinthe___24___.Therethe___25___wouldbe,amongLucky’sothertoys.IthappenedthatMaryfoundoutthatshehadcancer.Somethingtoldhershewasgoingto___26___.Thenightbeforeshewastogotothehospital,athought___27___herthatshehadtoleaveLucky.Thethoughtmadeher___28___thanthinkingofherowndeath.___29___thedaycameforMarytoleavethehospital.Whenshearrivedhome,Marywasso 30 thatshecouldn’tevengotoherbedroom.Jimleftherto 31 onthesofa.WhenMarywokeup,shecouldn’tunderstandwhatwaswrong.Shecouldn’t 32herheadandherbody.Butpanicsoongavewayto 33 whenMaryrealizedtheproblem.Shewas 34 withsometoys!Whileshehadslept,thesorrowingdoghadmadetripaftertriptothebasement 35 hisbelovedhostessallhisfavoritethingsinlife.Hehadcoveredherwithhis 36 .Maryforgotaboutdying. 37 sheandLuckybeganlivingagain, 38 furtherandfurthertogethereveryday.It’sbeen12yearsnowandMaryisstill 39 .LuckystillstealstreasuresandhidestheminhistoyboxandMaryremainshisgreatesttreasure.Neverforgetthepeoplewhomakea（n） 40 inourlivesaretheonesthatcareforus.Ifyouseesomeonewithoutasmiletoday,givethemone!Livesimply.Loveseriously!21.A.boxB.luggageC.walletD.door22.A.stealB.swallowC.playD.protect23.A.brokenB.dirtyC.missingD.present24.A.bedroomB.kitchenC.yardD.basement25.A.treasureB.foodC.giftD.blanket26.A.recoverB.dieC.surviveD.suffer27.A.defeatedB.preventedC.struckD.influenced28.A.prouderB.happierC.angrierD.sadder29.A.FinallyB.GraduallyC.ParticularlyD.Normally30.A.excitedB.sadC.tiredD.frightened31.A.restB.sleepC.waitD.calm32.A.moveB.controlC.feelD.shake33.A.angerB.disappointmentC.excitement D.laughter34.A.surroundedB.coveredC.providedD.moved35.A.returningB.hidingC.bringingD.taking36.A.lifeB.loveC.joy D.sadness37.A.InsteadB.ThereforeC.MeanwhileD.Thus38.A.livingB.walkingC.rushingD.studying39.A.weakB.humorousC.healthyD.hopeful40.A.differenceB.agreementC.promiseD.decision第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式OriginallyDouble 11___41.___(know) as“Singles’Day”.Since2009,e-commerceplatforms___42.___(transform)itfromthecelebrationofbeingsingletoanationwide___43.___evenworldwideshoppingfestival,overshadowingBlackFridayandCyberMondaycombined.Double11seesrecords___44.___(break)eachyearandcustomerswaitingeagerlyfortheclocktostrikeatmidnightonNovember11.Andin2020,___45.___China’ssociallifebasicallyreturningtonormal,Chineseconsumerswerewillingtoreward___46.___(they).Notonlythesalesfiguresbutthedeliverycompanieshada50percentjump.Double-11in2020hadmanyhighlights.E-commercelivestreaming(直播)gainedgreat___47.___(popular)andbecamethemosteye-catchingfeature.Alargenumberofcelebritiesfloodedintostudios,___48.___hostsgaveviewersflashdealsinrealtimefromlipstickstotissuepaper.Besides,theyear2020witnessedthelargestpre-orders.ThesalesactuallystartedonOctober21,thusmakingtheDouble11journeyamarathonrather___49.___a24-hourflashsale.Andcomplicateddiscountsalsomadethefestivalquitedifferent.Undoubtedly,Double11festivalin2020diddemonstrateChina’s 50. （sustain）consumptionrecoveryaftertheCOVID-19hit.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节短文改错（满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（回），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearMr.Wang,I’mLiHua,aSenior3studentinourschool.I’msorrytodisturbyou,andIhavetoaskyouafavorinthehopeyouwillbesokindtohelpme.Eversincelastmonth,mymotherhadn’tallowedmetosurftheInternet.Inheropinion,itisthewasteoftimesurfingtheInternetandalsoaffectsmystudy.However,Idon’tagreewithhim.WiththeInternet,IcaneasilyfindtheinformationsIneed.IcancomparenoteswithmyclassmatesifImeetwithproblemsinmystudy.AlsoIcansharesomethingthatworrymewithmyfriends,whichreducesmystress.Facingwithmymother’sattitude,howshouldIdo?Irealneedyourhelp!Yours,LiHua第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onesummervacation,Ilearnedsomekidsvolunteeredasguidedograisersforaguidedogtrainingcenter.ThenIalsowantedtotakepartinit.Myparentssupportedit.AfterIfilledouttheapplicationformtobeaguidedograiser,twoofthetrainingcenter'sworkerscametomyhousetomeetmeandmyfamily.Theysaid,“Afterthevolunteerhelpsraiseaguidedogpuppyforayear,thedogneedstobereturnedtothetra