双语试题管理信息系统

#/10ManagementInformationSystem20Questions1Selectthebestanswerforeachofthefollowingunrelateditems.Answereachoftheseitemsinyourexaminationbookletbycirclingthenumberofyourchoice.Ifmorethanoneanswerisgivenforanitem,thatitemwillnotbemarked.Incorrectanswerswillbemarkedaszero.Markswillnotbeawardedforexplanations.Note:2markseachWhichofthefollowingisamethodforconsideringacollectionofISprojectsintermsoftheirpotentialrisksandbenefitsasameansofselectingwhichprojectstoundertake?ScoringmodelsStrategicISplanningScenarioplanningPortfolioanalysisWhichofthefollowingisakeychallengeinmanagingdata?DeterminingappropriatefieldwidthsChoosingaDBMSManagingdatasecurityDistinguishingbetweendataandinformationWhichofthefollowingisatangiblebenefit?MoretimelyinformationHigherclientsatisfactionReducedfacilitycostsIncreasedorganizationallearningWhichofthefollowingisatruestatementaboutthebenefitsofinformationsystems?Thebenefitsofinformationsystemsareeasytodetermine.Tangiblebenefitsarealwaysgreaterthanintangiblebenefits.Intangiblebenefitsarealwaysgreaterthantangiblebenefits.Intangiblebenefitsareoftenindirect,andthushardertorealize.WhichoneofthefollowingisnotoneofthebasiccompetitivestrategiespresentedinModule1?CoststrategiesDifferentiationstrategiesStrategicdominanceCustomerlock-inWhichofthefollowingisatruestatementconcerningentity-relationshipanddataflowdiagrams?Entity-relationshipdiagramsareconcernedwithdatainmotion,whiledataflowdiagramsareconcernedwithdataatrestandinmotion.Theyareusedduringthedesignphaseofthesystemsdevelopmentlifecycletocommunicatewithusersabouttherequirementsofthesystem.Whendocumentingasystemovertime,theinformationindataflowdiagramsismorelikelytochangethanthatinentity-relationshipdiagrams.Theyusethesamesymbolstorepresentdataelements.Whichofthefollowingactivitiesdoesrequirementsanalysisinvolve?LayingoutthecomponentsofasystemandtheirrelationshiptoeachotherastheywouldappeartotheusersTranslatingtheabstractlogicalmodelintothespecifictechnicaldesignforthenewsystemChangingfromtheoldsystemtothenewsystemDefiningtheobjectivesofthenewormodifiedsystemanddevelopingadetaileddescriptionofthefunctionsthatthenewsystemmustperformWhichofthefollowingisleastdescriptiveofprototypingdevelopment?SmallscaleInteractiveClearlydefinedspecificationsEnd-userfocusedWhichofthefollowingismostlikelytoresultinasystemthatdoesnotmeetqualityassurancestandards?OutsourcingEnd-userdevelopmentOff-the-shelfapplicationsoftwarepackagePrototypingWhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheprocessofbringingtogetherend-usersandinformationsystemsspecialistsforasessiontodiscusstheinteractivedesignofthesystem?JADActivedevelopmentStructuredanalysisStructureddesignWhichofthefollowingisagroupwaretechnologyusedtosupportdistantandasynchronousgroups?ElectronicmeetingsystemsMemosVideoconferencingE-mailWhichofthefollowingisthedrivingforcebehindtheexplosionofe-businessandtheemergenceofthedigitalfirm?TheInternet'sabilitytoincreaseinformationasymmetryLow-costconnectivityanduniversalstandardsprovidedbyInternettechnologyTheInternet'sabilitytoincreaseacompany'sprofitTheInternet'sabilitytoprovideelectronicportalstocompanyinformationfromdisparatelocationsWhichofthefollowingdescribeshowtheInternetreducesagencycosts?Providinglow-costnetworksandinexpensivecommunicationandcollaborationtoolsthatcanbeusedonaglobalscaleProvidingeasyaccesstoinformationresourcesinkeyareassuchasbusiness,science,law,andgovernmentProvidingcompanieswithaccesstobusinessesorindividualswhonormallywouldbeoutoftheirreachEnablingacompanytousetheInternet,asopposedtobuildingitsownwideareanetworkn.Whichofthefollowingisanaccuratestatementaboutsystemsdesign?Systemsdesignfocusesonwhatthesystemissupposedtodo.Systemsdesigndoesnotincludethemethodofacquisition.Thedesignofinternalcontrolsispartofsystemsdesign.Systemsdesigndoesnotincludeprogramdesign.o.WhattypeofInternetbusinessmodelprovidesanelectronicclearinghouseforproductswherepriceandavailabilityareconstantlychanging?VirtualstorefrontMarketplaceconcentratorContentproviderAuction20Questions2TheInternetcanbeviewedasakindofcommons.InEngland,acommonsisaspacewhereallthepeopleinthecommunityhavetherighttograzetheiranimals.Amajorthreattothevalueofthecommonsisthatofovergrazing—puttingtoomanycowsandsheeponthecommonsleadstopasturedegradation.Butthisisacommonsthatliterallybelongstoeverypersoninthecommunity;hence,eachpersonhasanincentivetoconsideronlypersonalinterests.Theresultisthatanimalsareaddedtothecommonsbeyondthepointofsustainablegrazing.Thissituationhasbeenlabeled"theproblemofthecommons."Itisageneralproblem,typicalofpublicgoods(likeair,water,andpublicspaces),namelywhattodoaboutthosewhoseactionsdegradethevalueoftheoverallpublicgood.Therearetwoprincipalapproachestoaddressingtheproblemofthecommons,eachwithadvantagesanddisadvantages.Thefirstisregulationbyacentralauthority,andthesecondistheredesignofincentivesystemstoremovethereasonsforoveruse.RequiredAssessthechallengesofspame-mailfromtheperspectiveofthecommons.First,whatis"spam"?Doesspamreflecttheproblemofthecommons?Howcoulditbeaddressedthroughregulationorincentives,andhowwouldyouassesseachoftheseoptions?20Question3Identifyandbrieflydescribethesixstepsassociatedwiththesystemsdevelopmentprocess.20Questions4YouhavebeenhiredtoconductarequirementsanalysisforthedevelopmentofanewstudentinformationsystemfortheCGAprogram.Yourinternalcontact,theDirectorofStudentServices,hasaskedyoutooutlineaplanforgatheringsystemrequirementsforthissystem.Presentyourresponseingoodformandensurethatyouaddressthefollowingthreequestions:Whatkindofinformationdoyouneedtogather?Whatsourcesofinformationand/orformsofinformationgatheringwouldyouuse?Whatarethekeychallengesingatheringinformationforthissystem?20Question5CasestudyBasingstock,England,isn’tnormallyconsideredacutting-edgekindofplace.ThequintessentialBritishsuburblies60milessouthwestofLondon,intheHampshirecountryside.“boringstoke,”asitissometimescalled,haslongbeenthebuttofjokesforthelikesofGilbertandSullivanandMontyPython.Lately,however,500residentsofBasingstokehavebeenparticipatinginEasi-Order,ashoppingexperimentattheSafewaysupermarketonWortingRoad.TheyuseapalmIIIPDAequippedwithabar-codescanner,amodem,andsoftwarefromIBM’sInstituteforAdvancedCommercetodotheirshoppingfromhome.ThePDAisprovidedfreeofchargetothetestshoppers.Here’showitworks.Safewaybuiltadatawarehouseofeveryitemboughtfromitsinventoryof22,000productsby10millionBritishshoppersoverthepastfouryearssome3TBofgrocery-buyingintelligence.DataminingsoftwarewrittenforSafewaybyIBMdetermineswhatgroceriesafamilyneedsbasedonhowlongithasbeensincetheyvisitedthestoreanddetailsfromtheirpastorders.Thesoftwareisprogrammedtosuggestadditionalitemsaswell.Forexample,itmaysuggestthatthefamilytryOracletoothpastesafeway’sownbrandorpromotebabyproductstonewmothersbasedonbirthnoticesobtainedfromagovernmenthealthagency.Asuggestedorderistransmittedtothefamily’spalmIIIPDAwhenevertheyconnectbytelephonetosafeway.Ofcourse,familiessometimeswanttobuysomethingtheyhaven’torderedbeforeorsomethingtheyboughtsolongagothesafewaycomputerfiguresthey’velostinterestinit.Ifthefamilyhasanemptyboxorwrapperfortheitem,someoneswipesthebarcodewithascannerbuiltintothePDA,andtheitemisaddedtotheelectronicorderifthefamilydoesn’thaveoneoftheitemsonhandorifithasnobarcode,amemberjustdescribestheiteminafree-formatfieldthatturnsintoe-mailtosafeway:“Onequartofstrawberries.”Whenthefamilyfinisheseditingtheorder,thepersonattachesthePDAtothetelephoneandtransmitstheordertoanIBMserver.ThismidrangecomputerisaJava-basedintranetserverthatconnectstosafeway’sS/390mainframecomputer.Inadditiontotheorder,theserverreceivesamessagesayingwhenthefamilywillpickupitsgroceries.Thefollowingmorning,asafewayeasi-OrderspecialistarrivesattheBasingstokestore,logsontotheserverandprintsoutalltheordersthatarescheduledforpickupthatday.Thensometimebeforethescheduledpickup,theeasi-Oderspecialistgoesupanddownthestore’saislesfillingashoppingcartwitheachorder.Thespecialistlogseachitemasitisputintothebasketbyscanningitsbarcodewithahandheldscanner.Whenthespecialistcompletestheorder,itisbroughttoaholdingareaatthefrontofthestore.Thescannerispluggedintoadockingstationthatreadstheorderandholdstheinformationuntilthefamilycomes.Whenthefamilyarrives,amemberswipesitssafewayaccountcardatthesamestation,andthesystemmatchestheorderdatawiththecustomerdataandsendsbothtotheserver,andfromtheretheygotothe3-TBdatabaseatsafeway’sdatacenter,theorderinformationwillrestinthedatabaseuntilthefamilynextconnectsitsPDAtosafeway’scomputerandobtainsanewsuggestedorderMostofthetestshoppersusetheserviceweekly.Someprefertobuyamonth’sworthofnonperishableitemswitheasi-Orderandshopweeklyforotheritemsinconventionalwayofcourse,peoplehavecertainitemstheyprefertopickontheirown,suchasfreshfruitandvegetables,thebigadvantagethatshoppersappreciateisthetimesavedusingtheelectronicorderingservicetheycangoinandoutofthestoreinlessthan15minutes.Someshoppersthinktheyhavejoinedaneliteclassofshoppersbecausetheynolongerhavetolineupatthecheckoutcounter.RequiredIdentifyspecificcostsandbenefitsforsafewayassociatedwithsettingupthisnovelapproachtoshopping.Doyouthinkthatsafewaycancost-justifythisshoppingexperiment?Whyorwhynot?Whatspecificpiecesofdataarecontainedinthesafewaydatawarehouseforeachfamily?Whatdoyouthinkaresomeofthepotentialissuesandlimitationsofthissystemthatcouldkeepitfrombeingsuccessful?Wouldyouconsidershoppinginthismanner?Whyorwhynot?参考答案及评分标准选择题参考答案：a.4)b.3)c.3)d.4)e.3)f.3)g.4)h.3)i.2)j.1)k.4)l.2)m.1)n.4)o.4)评分标准：每小题2分总分30分论述题参考答案或评分点：Referenceanswer:Spamreferstounsolicitedemailmessagessentinbulktoemailaddresses.Spamemailmessagesaretypicallyusedtoadvertiseproductsortomakepoliticalorsocialarguments.Spamdoesreflecttheproblemofthecommons.Theinternetisapubliclyavailablenetwork.Itsinfrastructureissuchthatgreaterusageresultsintechnicaldegradationofservice,solargequantitiesofspamslowdownthenetworkfromtechnicalstandpoint.Butspamalsodegradestheutilityofthemediumbymakingitlessattractiveforcommunications.Ifusersfindemailtobetoofrustratingduetothelargevolumesofspamemailtheyreceive,thentheywilloptout.Asacommunicationsnetwork,thevalueoftheinternetdependsonthenumberofusers.Thisisafurtherwayinwhichspamdegradesthepublicresource.Addressingspamthroughregulationwouldrequiregovernmentagenciestoprohibittheuseofthenetworkforsuchtraffic.ChangingincentivesmightrequireISPstochargepermessagesent.Changingtheincentiveswouldrequireachangeinthemodelbywhichinternetaccessisfunded.Award20marksforthisquestion.Award2marksforthedefinitionofspam.6marksforconsiderationofspaminthecontextofthecommons,and6markeachforthediscussionsofregulatoryandincentives-basedresponses.Lookforwell-reasonedanswerswithaclearchainoflogic.论述题参考答案或评分点：Thesixstepsaresystemsanalysis,systemsdesign,programming,testing,conversion,andproductionandmaintenance.Systemsanalysisistheanalysisofaproblemthattheorganizationwilltrytosolvewithaninformationsystem.Systemsdesignspecifieshowthesystemwillmeettheinformationrequirementsasdeterminedbythesystemsanalysis.Programmingistheprocessoftranslatingthesystemspecificationspreparedduringthedesignstageintoprogramcode.Testingistheexhaustiveandthoroughprocessthatdetermineswhetherthesystemproducesthedesiredresultsunderknownconditions.Conversionistheprocessofchangingfromtheoldsystemtothenewone.Productionandmaintenancecanbebrokenintotwosub-areas.Duringtheproductionstage,usersandtechnicalspecialistsreviewthesystem.Thisreviewevaluateshowwellthesystemmeetsitsoriginalgoals.Duringmaintenance,changesaremadetothesystemtocorrecterrors,meetnewrequirements,orimproveprocessingefficiency.Award10marksforthisquestion.Award1markforeachstep.1markforeachbriefexplanationto4marksatmost案例分析参考答案或评分点：Informationwillneedtobegatheredaboutthedatathataremaintainedinthesystem,theprocessesthesystemundertakes(functions),andthelogicofhowprocessesaredone(thesearethethreekindsofmodelingdoneintheanalysisphase:data,process,andlogicmodeling).Youshouldbeabletoidentifyabroadcross-sectionofstakeholdersfromwhomyouneedtogatherinformation(students,lecturers,markers,tutors,CGAstaff,potentialemployers,andsoon).Informationwouldneedtobegatheredfromusersof