2016年全国硕士研究生考试《英语二》试题（网友回忆版）

2016年全国硕士研究生考试《英语二》试题（网友回忆版）[问答题]1.Directions:Translatethefol（江南博哥）lowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Thesupermarketisdesignedtolurecustomersintospendingasmuchtimeaspossiblewithinitsdoors.Thereasonforthisissimple:Thelongeryoustayinthestore,themorestuffyou’llsee,andthemorestuffyousee,themoreyou’llbuy.Andsupermarketscontainalotofstuff.Theaveragesupermarket,accordingtotheFoodMarketingInstitute,carriessome44,000differentitems,andmanycarrytensofthousandsmore.Thesheervolumeofavailablechoiceisenoughtosendshoppersintoastateofinformationoverload.Accordingtobrain-scanexperiments,thedemandsofsomuchdecision-makingquicklybecometoomuchforus.Afterabout40minutesofshopping,mostpeoplestopstrugglingtoberationallyselective,andinsteadbeginshoppingemotionally—whichisthepointatwhichweaccumulatethe50percentofstuffinourcartthatweneverintendedbuying.参考答案：超市的目的在于吸引顾客在自己店内停留尽量长的时间。原因不言而喻：顾客在店里停留的时间越长，看到的商品就越多；而看到的商品越多，买的也就越多。超市里的商品不计其数。据食品营销协会声称，普通超市大概有4万4千种不同的商品；很多超市的商品数量更是会超出普通超市好几万种。单是可供选择的商品数量就足以让顾客陷入信息超载的状态。根据脑部扫描实验，需要做众多决定很快就会让人不堪重负。购物大约40分钟后，大部分顾客便不再纠结于理智购物，从而转向冲动购物——而那时，购物车里将装上一半原本我们没打算买的东西。参考解析：①Thesupermarketisdesignedtolurecustomersintospendingasmuchtimeaspossiblewithinitsdoors.②Thereasonforthisissimple:Thelongeryoustayinthestore,themorestuffyou’llsee,andthemorestuffyousee,themoreyou’llbuy.③Andsupermarketscontainalotofstuff.④Theaveragesupermarket,accordingtotheFoodMarketingInstitute,carriessome44,000differentitems,andmanycarrytensofthousandsmore.⑤Thesheervolumeofavailablechoiceisenoughtosendshoppersintoastateofinformationoverload.⑥Accordingtobrain-scanexperiments,thedemandsofsomuchdecision-makingquicklybecometoomuchforus.⑦Afterabout40minutesofshopping,mostpeoplestopstrugglingtoberationallyselective,andinsteadbeginshoppingemotionally—whichisthepointatwhichweaccumulatethe50percentofstuffinourcartthatweneverintendedbuying.(1)句式分析第①句为简单句，“tolurecustomersinto...”为本句的目的状语，可直接译为“目的为……”。第②句为复合句，两个分句都为“themore...,themore...”结构，由“and”连接，翻译时应注意逻辑关系。第③句为简单句，联系上下文可知“stuff”指的是超市中的商品，可译为“商品”。第④句为复合句，分句由and连接，“accordingtotheFoodMarketingInstitute”表示信息来源，译成中文时可调至句首。第⑤句为简单句，句中的“availablechoice”依然是针对超市而言，形容超市中的商品种类繁多。第⑥句为简单句，主语为“thedemandsofsomuchdecision-making”，直译容易造成主语过于复杂，翻译时可适当转化。第⑦句为复杂句，“After...”为时间状语，“and”连接两个分句，分句之后为三个定语从句，第一个定语从句是修饰“beganshoppingemotionally”这个时间点，第二个定语从句修饰“thepoint”，对其进行补充说明，需要注意的是，最后一个定语从句(thatweneverintendedbuying)的先行词为“the50percentofstuff”，并非“ourcart”。(2)要点解析本文围绕“超市购物”展开，文中提到的“customers”、“you”、“shoppers”以及“people”均指“超市里的顾客”，可统一译为“顾客”。第④句中第二个分句的完整形式应为“manycarrytensofthousands(ofitems)more(thantheaveragesupermarkets)”，翻译时可译出省略的部分，使意思更加完整。第⑥句中的“demands”为名词，直译为“……的需要”比较生硬，不符合汉语表达习惯，可将名词转译为动词。第⑦句中前两个定语从句指的都是“开始冲动购物”这个时间点，翻译时可省去其一，最后一个定语从句可译成形容词短语，修饰“the50percentofstuff”，而“inourcart”可位于句首，充当主语。[问答题]2.PartADirections:Supposeyouwonatranslationcontestandyourfriend,Jack,wroteanemailtocongratulateyouandaskforadviceontranslation.Writehimareplyto1)thankhim,and2)giveyouradvice.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.UseLiMinginstead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)参考答案：DearJack,(1)Iamparticularlygratefultoyouforyourcongratulationonmywinningtheprizeontranslation.Sinceyouhaveaskedmeforadviceonhowtoimprovetranslationability,Iwouldliketogiveyousomesuggestions.(2)Inthefirstplace,alargebankofvocabularyisessentialtotranslation.Secondly,asthesayinggoesthatpracticemakesperfect,youshouldpracticetranslationasmuchaspossible.Inaddition,itisofequalimportancetofindoutwhereyourdefectslieandreflectonhowyoucanmakemoreprogress.Lastbutnottheleast,closeattentionmustbepaidtothesubtledifferencesbetweentwolanguages.(3)IsincerelyhopemysuggestionscanbehelpfultoyouandIamlookingforwardtodiscussingthemwithyouinournextmeeting.Sincerely,LiMing参考解析：本题要求考生回一封电子邮件，此电子邮件需1)感谢对方的来信及祝贺，言辞应真诚、有礼貌；2)给对方提出翻译技能方面的建议，考生可围绕扩大词汇量、勤于练习、多加思考等要点展开叙述。根据上述要求安排写作，第一段应对对方表示感谢，第二段应针对翻译技能提出相关建议，第三段应礼貌地表达对下次见面或对方尽早回复的期待。[问答题]3.PartBDirections:Writeanessaybasedonthechartbelow.Inyourwriting,youshould1)interpretthechart,and2)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)参考答案：(1)Ascanbeseenfromthispiechart,studentstravellingtoenjoythebeautifulsceneryaccountforthebiggestproportionandreach37%.33%studentstakeatripforthepurposeofrelievingpressure.Only9%studentsaretomakefriendsandanother6%aretonurturetheirindependence.Andtheremaining15%studentstravelforotherpurposes.(2)Therearetwofactorsresponsibleforthisphenomenon.Tobeginwith,withtheimprovementofourlivingstandard,theonce-deemed-expensivetravelinghasbecomeaffordabletostudents.(2)Inaddition,theincreasinglyheavypressurefromstudyandlifehasmadeitnecessaryforstudentstotakeatriptorelaxthemselves.(3)AsfarasIamconcerned,thisphenomenon(4)isnotthesinglecase,andthestructureoftravellingpurposesneedsadjustment.Besidesenjoyingthelandscape,studentsshouldmakefulluseoftheirtripstoassociatewithawiderrangeoffriendsandtofostertheirindependenceandinterpersonalskills.Onlyinthiswaycantheybenefitmorefromtheirtrips.参考解析：图表以饼状图的形式给出，反映了某高校学生各种旅游目的的比例。由图表可知，为了欣赏风景而旅游的学生所占比例最大，占总人数的37%，其他各种旅游目的所占比例分别为：缓解压力占33%，广交朋友占9%，培养独立能力占6%。题目要求考生对图表进行解读，并对图表所反映的内容作出评论。考生可安排三个段落：先直接解读图表中反映的内容，然后解释形成这种现象的原因，最后对这种现象给出自己的评论。第一段分析图表，简要介绍图表内容，并指出某高校为了欣赏风景而旅游的学生所占比例最大这一现象。第二段进一步探究造成这种现象的原因：1）人们生活水平的提高为高校学生出游提供了可能性；2）人们生活压力日趋增加提供了出游的必要性。最后一段对这种现象的普遍性作出预测，并对高校学生的旅行目的作出评论——学生应转变旅游动机，更注重通过旅游培养自身独立能力及人际交往能力。共享题干题Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Happypeopleworkdifferently.They’remoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingtotakegreaterrisks.Andnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence1firmswork,too.Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecentresearchpaper.2,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D(researchanddevelopment).That’sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking3formakinginvestmentsforthefuture.Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe4andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcomewithhappinesswould5thewaycompaniesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities’averagehappiness6byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas.7enough,firms’investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichtheywere8.Butisitreallyhappinessthat’slinkedtoinvestment,orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities9whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvarious10thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest—likesize,industry,andsales—andforindicatorsthataplacewas11tolivein,likegrowthinwagesorpopulation.Thelinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally12evenafteraccountingforthesethings.Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongforyoungerfirms,whichtheauthors13to“lesscodifieddecisionmakingprocess”andthepossiblepresenceof“youngerandless14managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbysentiment.”Therelationshipwas15strongerinplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore16.Firmsseemtoinvestmoreinplaceswheremostpeoplearerelativelyhappy,ratherthaninplaceswithhappinessinequality.17thisdoesn’tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-termview,theauthorsbelieveitatleast18atthatpossibility.It’snothardtoimaginethatlocalcultureandsentimentwouldhelp19howexecutivesthinkaboutthefuture.“Itsurelyseemsplausiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward-thinkingandcreativeand20R&Dmorethantheaverage,”saidoneresearcher.[单选题]1.______A.whyB.whereC.howD.when参考答案：C参考解析：考查宾语从句及上下文逻辑关系。空格处应填入一个宾语从句的引导词，作influence的宾语。上文提到幸福的人的工作方式不同，他们工作效率更高、更富有创造性，也愿意冒更大的风险。这里讲的是快乐对公司的影响，即“一项新的研究表明，快乐也可能会影响到公司的运转”。how可以引导宾语从句，表示方式，意为“怎样，如何”，符合上下文语境及语法结构，因此C项正确。Happypeopleworkdifferently.They’remoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingtotakegreaterrisks.Andnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence1firmswork,too.Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecentresearchpaper.2,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D(researchanddevelopment).That’sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking3formakinginvestmentsforthefuture.Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe4andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcomewithhappinesswould5thewaycompaniesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities’averagehappiness6byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas.7enough,firms’investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichtheywere8.Butisitreallyhappinessthat’slinkedtoinvestment,orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities9whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvarious10thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest—likesize,industry,andsales—andforindicatorsthataplacewas11tolivein,likegrowthinwagesorpopulation.Thelinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally12evenafteraccountingforthesethings.Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongforyoungerfirms,whichtheauthors13to“lesscodifieddecisionmakingprocess”andthepossiblepresenceof“youngerandless14managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbysentiment.”Therelationshipwas15strongerinplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore16.Firmsseemtoinvestmoreinplaceswheremostpeoplearerelativelyhappy,ratherthaninplaceswithhappinessinequality.17thisdoesn’tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-termview,theauthorsbelieveitatleast18atthatpossibility.It’snothardtoimaginethatlocalcultureandsentimentwouldhelp19howexecutivesthinkaboutthefuture.“Itsurelyseemsplausiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward-thinkingandcreativeand20R&Dmorethantheaverage,”saidoneresearcher.[单选题]2.______A.InreturnB.InparticularC.IncontrastD.Inconclusion参考答案：B参考解析：考查介词短语辨析。空格前提到，坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司会投资更多的钱。空格所在句讲的是“（尤其是）在产品的研究和开发方面投资更多的钱”，由此可推知，这里表示递进关系。B项inparticular“尤其，特别”符合上下文语境，因此B项正确。inreturn作为（对某物）的回报。incontrast与此相反，相比之下。inconclusion总之，最后。Happypeopleworkdifferently.They’remoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingtotakegreaterrisks.Andnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence1firmswork,too.Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecentresearchpaper.2,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D(researchanddevelopment).That’sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking3formakinginvestmentsforthefuture.Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe4andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcomewithhappinesswould5thewaycompaniesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities’averagehappiness6byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas.7enough,firms’investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichtheywere8.Butisitreallyhappinessthat’slinkedtoinvestment,orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities9whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvarious10thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest—likesize,industry,andsales—andforindicatorsthataplacewas11tolivein,likegrowthinwagesorpopulation.Thelinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally12evenafteraccountingforthesethings.Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongforyoungerfirms,whichtheauthors13to“lesscodifieddecisionmakingprocess”andthepossiblepresenceof“youngerandless14managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbysentiment.”Therelationshipwas15strongerinplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore16.Firmsseemtoinvestmoreinplaceswheremostpeoplearerelativelyhappy,ratherthaninplaceswithhappinessinequality.17thisdoesn’tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-termview,theauthorsbelieveitatleast18atthatpossibility.It’snothardtoimaginethatlocalcultureandsentimentwouldhelp19howexecutivesthinkaboutthefuture.“Itsurelyseemsplausiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward-thinkingandcreativeand20R&Dmorethantheaverage,”saidoneresearcher.[单选题]3.______A.sufficientB.famousC.perfectD.necessary参考答案：D参考解析：考查形容词词义辨析。空格及其后面的内容可以看作是省略了which和is的定语从句，在这里作后置定语修饰先行词longer-termthinking。空格前一句提到坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司会投资更多的钱，用于产品的研究和开发。本句接着解释其原因，即“幸福感和对未来进行投资所需要的远见息息相关”。necessary必需的，必不可少的。benecessaryforsth.是……所必需/必要的。因此D项正确。sufficient足够的，充足的。famous著名的。perfect完美的。Happypeopleworkdifferently.They’remoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingtotakegreaterrisks.Andnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence1firmswork,too.Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecentresearchpaper.2,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D(researchanddevelopment).That’sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking3formakinginvestmentsforthefuture.Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe4andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcomewithhappinesswould5thewaycompaniesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities’averagehappiness6byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas.7enough,firms’investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichtheywere8.Butisitreallyhappinessthat’slinkedtoinvestment,orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities9whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvarious10thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest—likesize,industry,andsales—andforindicatorsthataplacewas11tolivein,likegrowthinwagesorpopulation.Thelinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally12evenafteraccountingforthesethings.Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongforyoungerfirms,whichtheauthors13to“lesscodifieddecisionmakingprocess”andthepossiblepresenceof“youngerandless14managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbysentiment.”Therelationshipwas15strongerinplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore16.Firmsseemtoinvestmoreinplaceswheremostpeoplearerelativelyhappy,ratherthaninplaceswithhappinessinequality.17thisdoesn’tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-termview,theauthorsbelieveitatleast18atthatpossibility.It’snothardtoimaginethatlocalcultureandsentimentwouldhelp19howexecutivesthinkaboutthefuture.“Itsurelyseemsplausiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward-thinkingandcreativeand20R&Dmorethantheaverage,”saidoneresearcher.[单选题]4.______A.individualismB.modernismC.optimismD.realism参考答案：C参考解析：考查名词词义辨析。空格处的内容与and后的inclinationforrisk-taking构成并列关系，共同作后面that引导的定语从句(thatcomewithhappiness)的先行词。原文第一段中就提到快乐的人工作效率更高、更富有创造性，也愿意冒更大的风险。由此可推知，这里应填入C项optimism“乐观，乐观主义”，在这里表示“伴随着幸福而来的乐观精神及冒险倾向”。individualism个人主义。modernism现代主义。realism现实主义。Happypeopleworkdifferently.They’remoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingtotakegreaterrisks.Andnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence1firmswork,too.Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecentresearchpaper.2,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D(researchanddevelopment).That’sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking3formakinginvestmentsforthefuture.Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe4andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcomewithhappinesswould5thewaycompaniesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities’averagehappiness6byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas.7enough,firms’investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichtheywere8.Butisitreallyhappinessthat’slinkedtoinvestment,orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities9whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvarious10thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest—likesize,industry,andsales—andforindicatorsthataplacewas11tolivein,likegrowthinwagesorpopulation.Thelinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally12evenafteraccountingforthesethings.Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongforyoungerfirms,whichtheauthors13to“lesscodifieddecisionmakingprocess”andthepossiblepresenceof“youngerandless14managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbysentiment.”Therelationshipwas15strongerinplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore16.Firmsseemtoinvestmoreinplaceswheremostpeoplearerelativelyhappy,ratherthaninplaceswithhappinessinequality.17thisdoesn’tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-termview,theauthorsbelieveitatleast18atthatpossibility.It’snothardtoimaginethatlocalcultureandsentimentwouldhelp19howexecutivesthinkaboutthefuture.“Itsurelyseemsplausiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward-thinkingandcreativeand20R&Dmorethantheaverage,”saidoneresearcher.[单选题]5.______A.echoB.missC.spoilD.change参考答案：D参考解析：考查动词词义辨析。由上下文语境可知，这里表示“研究人员想知道伴随着幸福而来的乐观精神及冒险倾向是否真的会改变公司的投资方式”。空格处应填入一个谓语动词，和theway构成动宾搭配。因此D项change“改变”正确。echo随声附和；发出回声。miss想念；错过。spoil毁坏，糟蹋；溺爱。Happypeopleworkdifferently.They’remoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingtotakegreaterrisks.Andnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence1firmswork,too.Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecentresearchpaper.2,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D(researchanddevelopment).That’sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking3formakinginvestmentsforthefuture.Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe4andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcomewithhappinesswould5thewaycompaniesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities’averagehappiness6byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas.7enough,firms’investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichtheywere8.Butisitreallyhappinessthat’slinkedtoinvestment,orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities9whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvarious10thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest—likesize,industry,andsales—andforindicatorsthataplacewas11tolivein,likegrowthinwagesorpopulation.Thelinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally12evenafteraccountingforthesethings.Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongforyoungerfirms,whichtheauthors13to“lesscodifieddecisionmakingprocess”andthepossiblepresenceof“youngerandless14managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbysentiment.”Therelationshipwas15strongerinplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore16.Firmsseemtoinvestmoreinplaceswheremostpeoplearerelativelyhappy,ratherthaninplaceswithhappinessinequality.17thisdoesn’tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-termview,theauthorsbelieveitatleast18atthatpossibility.It’snothardtoimaginethatlocalcultureandsentimentwouldhelp19howexecutivesthinkaboutthefuture.“Itsurelyseemsplausiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward-thinkingandcreativeand20R&Dmorethantheaverage,”saidoneresearcher.[单选题]6.______A.imaginedB.measuredC.inventedD.assumed参考答案：B参考解析：考查动词词义辨析。上文提到研究人员想知道幸福人群的乐观精神及冒险倾向是否真的会改变公司的投资方式，这里讲的是研究人员针对这一问题所采取的举措，即“他们将盖洛普民意测验中所测得的美国城市平均幸福水平和幸福人群所在地上市公司的投资活动进行了比较”。空格处应填入一个过去分词作后置定语，修饰U.S.cities’averagehappiness。measure“测量，衡量”，符合上下文语境，表示“美国城市平均幸福水平是由盖洛普民意测验所衡量出的”，因此B项正确。imagine想象，设想。invent发明，创造。assume假设，设想。Happypeopleworkdifferently.They’remoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingtotakegreaterrisks.Andnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence1firmswork,too.Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecentresearchpaper.2,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D(researchanddevelopment).That’sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking3formakinginvestmentsforthefuture.Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe4andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcomewithhappinesswould5thewaycompaniesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities’averagehappiness6byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas.7enough,firms’investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichtheywere8.Butisitreallyhappinessthat’slinkedtoinvestment,orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities9whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvarious10thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest—likesize,industry,andsales—andforindicatorsthataplacewas11tolivein,likegrowthinwagesorpopulation.Thelinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally12evenafteraccountingforthesethings.Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongforyoungerfirms,whichtheauthors13to“lesscodifieddecisionmakingprocess”andthepossiblepresenceof“youngerandless14managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbysentiment.”Therelationshipwas15strongerinplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore16.Firmsseemtoinvestmoreinplaceswheremostpeoplearerelativelyhappy,ratherthaninplaceswithhappinessinequality.17thisdoesn’tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-termview,theauthorsbelieveitatleast18atthatpossibility.It’snothardtoimaginethatlocalcultureandsentimentwouldhelp19howexecutivesthinkaboutthefuture.“Itsurelyseemsplausiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward-thinkingandcreativeand20R&Dmorethantheaverage,”saidoneresearcher.[单选题]7.______A.SureB.OddC.UnfortunateD.Often参考答案：A参考解析：考查上下文逻辑关系。空格所在句说明第三段中提到的调查的情况，由于空格后面的句子使用了表示转折的but，对幸福与投资之间的联系表示不确定，因此该句意思应为“果然，公司的投资及研发强度与公司总部所在地的幸福水平有关”。此处应填入一个表示肯定的形容词，故sure“确信的，有把握的”正确。odd奇怪的，古怪的。unfortunate不幸的，令人遗憾的。often经常，时常。Happypeopleworkdifferently.They’remoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingtotakegreaterrisks.Andnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence1firmswork,too.Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecentresearchpaper.2,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D(researchanddevelopment).That’sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking3formakinginvestmentsforthefuture.Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe4andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcomewithhappinesswould5thewaycompaniesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities’averagehappiness6byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas.7enough,firms’investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichtheywere8.Butisitreallyhappinessthat’slinkedtoinvestment,orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities9whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvarious10thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest—likesize,industry,andsales—andforindicatorsthataplacewas11tolivein,likegrowthinwagesorpopulation.Thelinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally12evenafteraccountingforthesethings.Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongforyoungerfirms,whichtheauthors13to“lesscodifieddecisionmakingprocess”andthepossiblepresenceof“youngerandless14managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbysentiment.”Therelationshipwas15strongerinplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore16.Firmsseemtoinvestmoreinplaceswheremostpeoplearerelativelyhappy,ratherthaninplaceswithhappinessinequality.17thisdoesn’tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-termview,theauthorsbelieveitatleast18atthatpossibility.It’snothardtoimaginethatlocalcultureandsentimentwouldhelp19howexecutivesthinkaboutthefuture.“Itsurelyseemsplausiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward-thinkingandcreativeand20R&Dmorethantheaverage,”saidoneresearcher.[单选题]8.______A.advertisedB.dividedC.overtaxedD.headquartered参考答案：D参考解析：考查上下文逻辑关系及动词词义辨析。由原文第二段中的“Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeople...”可知，此处应填入与located意思相近的词，表示公司坐落在某地。headquarter可以表示“在……设立总部，将总部设于……”，与locate“位于”意思相近。因此D项正确。advertise登广告，为……做宣传。divide划分，分开。overtax使负担过重；课税过重。Happypeopleworkdifferently.They’remoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingtotakegreaterrisks.Andnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence1firmswork,too.Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecentresearchpaper.2,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D(researchanddevelopment).That’sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking3formakinginvestmentsforthefuture.Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe4andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcomewithhappinesswould5thewaycompaniesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities’averagehappiness6byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas.7enough,firms’investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichtheywere8.Butisitreallyhappinessthat’slinkedtoinvestment,orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities9whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvarious10thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest—likesize,industry,andsales—andforindicatorsthataplacewas11tolivein,likegrowthinwagesorpopulation.Thelinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally12evenafteraccountingforthes