高考英语动词时态语态复习公开课课件

Deareditor,

Asthecollegeentranceexaminationisdrawingnear,weseniorhighschoolstudentsareoccupiedwithbusywork.Toacertainextent,PEclassisouronlychancetorelaxandenjoyourselvesatschool.However,itisapitythatourpresentPEclassisquitedullandsometimesevenreplacedbyothersubjects.

NotonlycanPEclassbuildourbodybutalsocanshapeourpersonality.

Itservestodevelopourawarenessofcooperationandspiritofcompetition.Therefore,personallyIholdtheviewthatitwouldbeagreatlosstousstudentsifitwerereplacedbyotherlessons.

Meanwhile,Ithinktheteachercandesignandorganizesomefunsportsbesidesdullfieldandtrackpracticeorballgames,whereeveryonecanbeinvolvedandhavefunaswell.Afterall,noteverybodythinksrunning,jumpingorballgamesappealing.

IhopePEclasscannotonlyenrichourschoollifebutalsoenableeveryonetofindhisorherownpleasureinit.OnthenightofAugust8,2008,theopeningceremonyofthe29thOlympicGames__________(hold)inBeijing.washeldEnglishBasicTenses(时态)&Voices(语态）近五年动词的时态和语态在高考中的复现率考点年份一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时总题量2008111320091135201022152011222012123时态和语态的主要考点1、考查在语境中判断动词时态的运用能力。常考的时态为：一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等。2、时间、条件、让步等状语从句中动词的时态；主从句时态呼应问题。3、延续性动词和终止性动词的用法区别。4、及物动词（vt.)的被动语态。5、某些以主动形式表被动意义的动词的用法。.一般现在时

(ThePresentIndefinite)1)表经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如always,often/usually/frequently,sometimes,every…,

at…,onSundays/….

动词的时态（Tenses)Fillintheblanks.I_____(study)hard

abroadeverydayandI_____(get)alongwellwithmyroommates,butsometimesI_____(miss)myfamilies.studygetmissCorrectthesentence.Thegeographyteachertoldusthattheearthmovedaroundthesun._______2)表客观事实、普遍真理。注意：主语为第三人称单数（he/she/it或单个的人名、单个的事物名称）谓语动词+s/es,其余人称作主语谓语动词用原形.movesTheshopwillcloseat9:00p.m._____3)表示按计划、规定，时间表将要发生的动作或存在的状态,一般用于be,come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,return等位移/终止性动词，常与时间状语连用．Thetrainleavesat6tomorrowmorning.Whendoesthebusstart?Itstartsin2minutes.

closes4.在部分倒装句中，表示动作正在进行。Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.现在进行时(ThePresentContinuousTense)

2)表示目前这段时间内正在进行的动作,但说话时动作未必正在进行。We___________(have)

Englishclassnow.arehavingShe___________(learn)pianounderMr.Smithatpresent.islearning1)表示现在这个时刻(指说话时)正在发生的事情。

Translatethesentence.这个女孩老是在公共场所高谈阔论。Thegirlis

alwaystalkingloudinpublic.★进行时态与always,often/usually/frequently/constantly/allthetime等频度副词连用，表经常反复的行动或说话人赞叹或厌恶等感情色彩.3)现在进行时用来表示按计划即将发生的动作,多用于位移/终止性动词,如:come,go,arrive,leave,stay,fly,takeoff.I____________(leave)tomorrow._____you_______(stay)heretillnextweek?amleavingArestaying4.现在进行时可以表示现在不断发展变化的事情。It’slateAutumn.Theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder.Correctthesentence.AllthestudentshereisbelongingtoNo.1MiddleSchool.________belong(1)表心理状态、情感的动词：like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,want,mind,wish,agree,mean,need。(2)表存在的状态动词：have,appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,belongto,dependon。(3)瞬间动词：begin/start,allow,accept,permit,promise,admit,complete。(4)感官动词：see,hear,notice,feel,smell,sound,taste,look。【注意】

一般情况下，下面4类动词无进行时态：

Tips：现在进行时的标志：Now,rightnow,atthismoment,look,listen…现在进行时和一般现在时的比较

①暂时性动作和经常性动作

Thecomputerisworkingperfectly.

计算机运转得很好。（暂时）

Thecomputerworksperfectly.

计算机运转很好。（一直如此）

②持续性动作和短暂性动作

Thebusisstopping.

车停了下来。（渐渐地）

Thebusstops.车停了。（迅速）

③暂时性动作和永久性动作

Sheislivinginthecountry.

她现在住在农村。（暂时）

Shelivesinthecountry.

她住在农村。（永久）

④有感情色彩和没有感情色彩

Heisdoingwellatschool.

他在学校表现很好。（赞扬）

Hedoeswellatschool.

他在学校表现很好。（一般事实）3Thismachine_______.Ithasn’tworkedforyears.(2006浙江卷)A.didn’twork B.wasn’tworking C.doesn’twork D.isn’tworking2.—Haveyouhandedinyourschoolworkyet?—Yes,Ihave.Iguessit______now.[2007辽宁卷]A.hasgradedB.isgradedC.isbeinggradedD.isgrading现在完成时(ThepresentPerfectTense)

1).现在完成时表示从过去开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态,通常用于延续性动词.常与表一段时间的状语连用,如:sofar,upto/tillnow,lately/recently,in/during/overthelast/past…,since…,for…

等．He__________(live)inGuiyangoverthepast6years.haslived2).表示过去的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常用的时间状语有:just,already,yet,ever,never,once，twice，manytimes等.We____________(finish)ourlunchalready.______youever______(try)thismethod?

havefinishedHavetried注意：Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.（错）

Ihaven'treceivedhisletterforalmostamonth.（对）非延续性/瞬间/终止性动词的否定形式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用于完成时态中，即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。

如：begin/start,find,see,marry,buy，borrow,return,die,get等。Let’spractice1.Daniel__________(live)inBeijingsincehecametoChina.2.Theboysaretired.They_______________(justplay)aballgame.3.IwenttoEgyptin1986.Thenin2004Iwentthereagain.I__________(be)toEgypttwice.haslivedhavejustplayedhavebeensince和for

填空since+______,用来说明动作起始时间for+_______,用来说明动作延续时间。

Ihavelivedhere____atleast

twentyyears.

Ihavelivedhere____Iwasborn.

时间点时间段forsince

固定的特殊句型：

1).Itis(hasbeen)+一段时间+since-clause.2)This(That/It)isthefirst(second…)time+that-clause(现在完成时).3)This(That/It)isthebest/finest/mostinteresting…+that-clause（现在完成时）.Tips:

Multiplechoice

---Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.---Iamtired.I_____thelivingroomallday.A.painted B.hadpainted C.havebeenpainting D.havepaintedNowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy______goingbacktoschool,butshe_______yet.

Ahadconsidered,hadn’tdecided Bhasbeenconsidering,hasn’tdecidedCconsidered,didn’tdecide Disgoingtoconsider,won’tdecideCB现在完成进行时表示从过去开始的一个动作一直持续到现在，而且还在进行当中。强调的是“从过去到现在一直在进行”。其时间的判定由具体的时间段或上下句的语境决定。

现在完成时和现在完成进行时都表示动作从过去开始，但现在完成时可表示事件或动作刚结束，而现在完成进行时则强调动作仍在继续。

现在完成时和现在完成进行时的对比：

_______________________________________________past&pastpastnowfuture_______________________________________past&pastpastnowfuturePPT:havedonehavebeendoingPPCTLiJia__________(read)abookaboutStonehenge.(Shefinishedreadingthebook.)LiJia______________(read)abookaboutStonehenge.(Sheisstillreadingthebook.)

hasread

hasbeenreading

一般过去时

(TheSimplePastTense)

1.表过去发生了的动作或存在的状态。常与表过去的时间连用。如yesterday,last…,…ago,in…,then,justnow,theotherday等。I_______(spend)mychildhoodhappilywithmyoldfriendsinthecountrysideseveralyearsago.spent注意：2.表示说话人始料未及的事情，要用一般过去时。Ididn’tknowitwasyou.Ineverexpectyouwouldbringmeagift.高考题点击：1.---Nancyisnotcomingtonight.---Butshe_____!A.promises B.promised C.willpromiseD.hadpromised2.Myuncle_____untilhewasforty-five.A.married B.didn’tmarry C.wasnotmarrying D.wouldmarry说明：until

修饰的动词必须是延续性动词并且为肯定形式，表示该动作一直持续到until后的时间为止；终止性动词只能用在否定句中，表示直到此时该动作才开始。BB3.---Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?---I’msorryI_______anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’sprettyonyou.A.wasn’tsaying B.don’tsay C.won’tsay D.didn’tsay4.Ithinkthefilmwasinteresting,butitisn’t._________Dthought(1)Duringthesummerof2010she___________(travel)inEurope.wastraveling过去进行时

Thepastcontinuoustense规则1：过去某一时刻或某一阶段内正在进行或频繁发生的动作.

(3)I____________(wonder)ifyoucouldgivemealift.waswondering★规则3：过去进行时可以表示委婉语气.(2)ImetDianawhileI____________(shop)thismorning.规则2：某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生，常用于由when/while,as引导的时间状语从句中.wasshopping仅限于wonder，want,hope等，用于提出请求。5.Asshe____thenewspaper,Granny____asleep.A.read…wasfalling B.wasreading…fellC.wasreading…wasfalling D.read…fell说明：一般来说在复合句中的两个动作，延续性的动作大都用进行时，短暂性的动作用一般时，表示在某个动作进行的过程当中另一个动作发生了。B7.Thelittlegirl____herheartoutbecauseshe____hertoybearandbelievedshewasn’tevergoingtofindit.A.hadcried,lost B.cried,hadlost C.hascried,haslost D.cries,haslost8.—Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.—Oh!Ithoughtthey______withoutme.

A．went

B．aregoing

C．havegone

D．hadgoneBD过去完成时

(ThepastperfectTense)表示过去的过去，即过去某个时间或动作之前发生的事情或存在的状态。规则1：在by,by

the

end,by

the

time,until,before后接表示过去某一时间或动作，其（主句）谓语动词则表示在这一时刻或动作之前

已经完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”,用过去完成时。

Bytheendoflastmonthwehaveviewedscoresofwebsites._____hadWearrivedearlierthanwe_________________(expect).hadexpected/expectedto规则2：表示未曾实现的愿望、打算、意图、承诺等。常用had

hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected(＋that…/to

do)或用上述动词的过去式接不定式完成式表示，即：hoped/planned…＋to(have

done)。Theyhad

been

learningabroadfor6yearstilllastmonth.Bob__________________(serve)inthearmybeforehebecameajournalist.过去完成进行时

Thepastperfectcontinuoustense结构：hadbeen+v-ing表示过去某个时间或动作之前一直进行的事情。hadbeenservingTheemployer_________________(interview)alltheemployeesnextWednesday.

ProfessorSmith____________________(lecture)onmoderndramatonight.

Thedarkcloudsis/wasgathering.There________________(be)astorm.willinterview一般(过去)将来时(TheSimple/PastFutureTense)表示(过去)将来/要发生的动作或存在的状态。1.will/would+v.isgoingtolecture表(过去)计划、安排、打算、预测将要做某事。2.am/is/are(was/were)goingto+v.is/wasgoingtobeTheywillsay/saidgoodbye,littleknowingthey____________________never___________(meet)again.He____________________(apologize)tomewhensomeonegaveasuddenblowonhisshoulder.will(would)/are(were)meet/tomeet3.am/is/are(was/were)

to

do

sth.表按计划、安排(过去)即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等.wasabouttoapologize4.am/is/are(was/were)abouttodosth.(when…)“正/就要做某事”（不与具体时间连用）I______________(enjoy)thebeautifulsunshinebathinFloridathisweekend.We______________________(accomplish)theservicetaskinthiscommunitybeforenextSaturday.willbeenjoying将来进行时

TheFutureContinousTense表将来某个时间正在进行的动作。will

be

+v-ingwillhaveaccomplished将来完成时

TheFuturePerfectTense表将来某个时间已经完成的事情。will

have

+v.pp状语从句中的时态1.---CanIjointheclub,Dad?---Youcanwhenyou_____abitolder.A.get B.willget C.aregetting D.willhavegot2.Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey_____.A.havesurvived B.aretosurvive C.wouldsurvive D.willsurviveAB3.TheWTOcan’tliveuptoitsnameunlessitwillincludeacountrythatishometoone-fifthofmankind.________4.Japanwillneverberecovered/restoredevenifitwillreturnDiaoyuIslandstoChina._______5.Theharderyouwillstudy,thebetterresultsyouwillget.____doesdoeswill

含有状语从句的主从复合句时态主将从现。其它主从复合句中时态的呼应1.Idon’tthink___________________________.他（将）通过（了）驾驶测试。2.TheWhitesexpected___________________________Tonny能出国深造。hewillpass(passed)thedrivingtestTonnycouldstudyfurtherabroad主句为一般现在时，（宾语）从句可为任何时态；主句为过去时，（宾语）从句跟相应的过去时态。3.Seetoit/Makesurethatyou_____(be)notlateagain.4.Theydon’tcarewho______(take)chargeofsuchactivitynexttime.are在make

sure,see

to

it,mind,care,matter后的宾语从句的谓语动词用一般现在时代替一般将来时。takes1.LeaveitwithmeandI_____whatIcando.A.seeB.seeingC.amseeing D.willsee2.Pleasegivebloodifyoucanorsomelives______.A.scareaway B.couldscareawayC.scaredawayD.toscareawayDB在祈使句＋and/or/…＋陈述句句型中，陈述句中只能用will/情态动词＋动词原形。Remember下列句型Itis(has

been)/was

＋一段时间＋since…(did/had

done)

This(That/It)is/wasthefirst(second…)timethat…＋have(has)done/had

done

This(That/It)is/wastheonly…＋that…＋have(has)done/had

done

This(That/It)is/wasthebest/finest/mostinteresting…＋that…＋have(has)done/had

doneWehadno

soonerbeenseatedthanthebusstarted.=Hardly/Scarcely_____webeenseatedwhenthebusstarted.=Thebusstartedas

soon

aswewereseated.hadHardly/scarcely…过去完成时+when…一般过去时Nosooner…过去完成时+than…一般过去时1.SinceIwonthebigprize,mytelephonehasn'tstoppedringing.People_____toaskhowIamgoingtospendthemoney.A.phone

B.willphone

C.werephoningD.arephoning2.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology_____sorapidly.A.ischanging B.haschanged C.willhavechanged D.willchangeDA3._____mysisterthreetimestodaybutherlinewasalways

busy.

A.I’dphoned B.I’vebeenphoning

C.I’vephoned D.IwasphoningC4.HewillhavelearnedEnglishforeightyearsbythetimehe_____fromtheuniversitynextyear.A.willgraduate B.willhavegraduatedC.graduates D.istograduate5.It____longbeforewe____theresultoftheexperiment.A.willnotbe,willknow B.is,willknowC.willnotbe,know D.is,knowCC6.By

thetimeJanegetshome,heraunt_______forLondontoattend

a

meeting.A.willleaveB.leaves C.willhaveleftD.left7.Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe_____officesoon.A.leaves B.wouldleave C.left D.hadleftCBRemember:by…“到……为止，在……以前”表时间其后句子用完成时态。8.---Oh,it’syou!I____you.---I’vejusthadmyhaircutandI’mwearingnewglasses.didn’trecognizeB.hadn’trecognizedC.haven’trecognizedD.don’trecognize9.AThereportersaidthattheUFO___easttowestwhenhesawit.wastravellingB.travelledC.hadbeentravellingD.wastotravelA10.WhenIwasatcollegeI___threeforeignlanguages,butI___allexceptafewwordsofeach.A.spoke;hadforgottenB.spoke;haveforgottenC.hadspoken;hadforgottenD.hadspoken;haveforgotten11.---Ihaven’theardfromHenryforalongtime.---Whatdoyousuppose____tohim?A.washappeningB.tohappenC.hashappenedD.hadhappened12.Jack___apostmanforaboutsixyears.A.hasbecomeB.hasturnedC.haschangedD.hasbeenBCD动词的语态(voices)

动词语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。动词谓语部分结构：be

+

v.pp

动词时态语态一览表(以do为例）时态主动被动一般现在时do/does现在进行时am/is/aredoing现在完成时have/hasdone一般过去时did过去进行时was/weredoing过去完成时haddone一般将来时willdo将来完成时willhavedoneam/is/aredoneam/is/arebeingdonehave/hasbeendonewas/weredonewas/werebeingdonehadbeendonewillbedonewillhavebeendone及物动词(vt.)有被动语态，不及物动词(vi.)或短语无被动语态.

比较：rise是不及物动词；raise是及物动词。

Thepricehasbeenrisen.

Thepricehasrisen.

Thepricehasraised.

Thepricehasbeenraised.

Theaccidentwashappenedlastweek.

Theaccidenthappenedlastweek.

(错)(对)(错)(对)(错)(对)

主动和被动一、getdone Thepatientgottreatedonceaweek.

Hegotinjuredwhilesearchingforthelostboyinthewoods.Trytoavoid_____________(受伤害）

whilebeinginlovewithothers.

gettinghurtCleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_____bythehour.A.pay B.paying C.paid D.topayC二、 主动形式表被动意义

Thesteelfeelscold. Hisplanproved(tobe)practical.Theyogurtinthefridge______________