高考英语阅读理解含译文翻译 端午节

高考英语阅读理解含译文翻译端午节端午节DragonBoatFestival农历五月初五为“端午节”。为了纪念楚国爱国诗人屈原，这一天必不可少的活动是吃粽子、赛龙舟。Thefifthdayofthefifthmonthonthelunarcalendar,knownastheDragonBoatFestival,isatraditionalChinesefestivaltocommemorateQuYuan,apatrioticpoetoftheChuState.TheChinesehavethetraditionofeatingzongzi(dumplingmadeofglutinousrice),andhavingdragonboatraceonthismemorate

verb[VN]·toremindpeopleofanimportantpersonoreventfromthepastwithaspecialactionorobject;toexisttoremindpeopleofapersonoraneventfromthepast·(用…)纪念；作为…的纪念：glutinous

adj.·sticky·黏的；胶质的：glutinousrice糯米农历五月初五→五月初五就是第五个月的第五天，此处译为了thefifthdayofthefifthmonthonthelunarcalendar，下文还有出现，译为了thefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth关于中国特有文化现象及事物的翻译，建议采用汉语拼音加注释性翻译的策略。例如，本处出现的“粽子”可以翻译如下：zongzi(dumplingmadeofglutinousrice)据《史记》记载，屈原是战国时期楚国大臣。Accordingto

HistoricalRecords,QuyuanwasaministeroftheChuStateduringtheperiodoftheWarringStates（475BC-221BC）.同理，对于中国历史纪年体系的翻译，也建议采用增译处理策略。例如，本处出现的“战国时期”，除采用直译方法将之译为theperiodoftheWarringStates之外，另外增加（475BC-221BC）这一公元纪年参照，有利于不熟悉中国历史的读了解其时代细节。他倡导举贤授能、富国强兵，力主联齐抗秦，遭到贵族们的强烈反对，后遭诋毁流放。Hepassionatelyadvocatedselectinggovernmentfunctionariesaccordingtotheircompetence,makingthestateandthearmystrongandallyingwithQiStatetofightQin.Chu’saristocratsstronglyopposedhim.LaterQuYuanwasframedandsentintoexile.functionary

noun(often,disapproving)·apersonwithofficialduties·公职人员；官员SYNofficial：party/state/governmentfunctionaries政党/国家/政府的官员aristocrat

noun·amemberofthearistocracy·(一个)贵族就句间逻辑关系而言，“遭到贵族们的强烈反对”与“后遭诋毁流放”两者之间存在一种隐性因果关系。根据英文强调形合的特性，翻译时不妨将两者之间的逻辑关系显性化。不妨参考翻译如下：AsaresultofthestrongoppositionfromotheraristocratsofChuState，QuYuanwaslatersetupbyhisopponentsandsentintoexile。公元前278年，秦军攻破楚国京都。屈原听到噩耗后，万念俱灰，于五月初五投汨罗江而亡。In278BC,Qin’sarmycapturedChu’scapital.Hearingthissadnews,QuYuan,totallydisillusioned,drownedhimselfintheMiluoRiveronthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth.disillusioned

adj.~(by/withsb/sth)·disappointedbecausethepersonyouadmiredortheideayoubelievedtobegoodandtruenowseemswithoutvalue·大失所望的；不再抱幻想的；幻想破灭的SYN

disenchanted根据英文句子组句习惯，也可将原文中的动态述位短语“万念俱灰”转化为修饰定语，如：Uponhearingthisnews，thetotallydisillusionedQuYuandrownedhimselfintheMiluoRiveronthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth。传说屈原故去后，楚国百姓纷纷涌到汨罗江边去凭吊屈原。渔夫们划起船只，奋力打捞他的尸体。ItwassaidthatuponhearingthenewsofQuYuan’sdeath,localpeopleintheChuStaterushedtotheriverbanktoshowtheirrespectforhim.Fishermenrowedontheriver,tryinghardtoretrievehisbody.“凭吊”可以翻译为toshowtheirrespectfor/topayhomage/topaytribute/tocommemorate等。人们还将饭团和鸡蛋丢进江里，以免屈原的身体被鱼、虾、蟹伤害。Theythrewriceballsandeggsintothewater,hopingtokeepfish,shrimpsandcrabsfromhurtingthepoet’sbody.后来，怕饭团被蛟龙所食，人们想出用竹叶包饭，外缠彩丝，这就是传说中粽子的来源。Topreventthegiantdragonfromeatingthericeballs,localpeoplelaterwrappedthericeballswithbambooleavesandboundthemwithcolorfulthreads,whichexplainshowzongzihascomeintobeing.这就是传说中...的来源→这就是...是怎么形成的：explainhow...hascomeintobeing.重点表达端午节DragonBoatFestival农历五月初五thefifthdayofthefifthmonthonthelunarcalendar/thefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth楚国theChuState粽子zongzi(dumplingmadeofglutinousrice)赛龙舟dragonboatrace《史记》HistoricalRecords战国时期theperiodoftheWarringStates（475BC-221BC）举贤授能selectgovernmentfunctionariesaccordingtotheircompetence富国强兵makethestateandthearmystrong联齐抗秦