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(2023年)山东省东营市大学英语6级大学英语六级模拟考试(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________
一、1.Writing(10题)1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledSchoolbags:TooHeavyforSchoolbags.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:
1.学生的书包越来越重
2.造成这情况的原因
3.如何减轻学生的负担
2.Directions:Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionaboutDiligenceIstheKeytoSuccess.YouaregiventhefollowingoutlinesinChineseandarerequiredtowritenolessthan150words.Remembertowriteclearly.
1.对“勤奋是成功的关健”涵义的理解;
2.成功不是靠运气;
3.了解成功重要性的意义。
3.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingthecartoongivenbelow:
4.1.如今的大学毕业生面临的职业选择:兴趣重要还是工资重要
2.你的观点
3.结论
SalaryorInterest
5.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledShouldtheUniversityCampusRefuseTourists?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinesgivenbelow:
1.有人认为大学校园应该禁止旅游团参观;
2.有人认为大学校园应该向旅游团开放;
3.你的观点。
6.听力原文:ShouldForeignAbbreviationsBeBannedonTV?
Recently,CCTVbannedtheuseofborrowedEnglishabbreviationssuchasNBA,WTOandCPIinallitsprograms.Somepeopleapplaudthemove,maintainingthatithelpspreservethepurityoftheChineselanguage.ThemediaisdeeplyengagedintheongoingWesternizationofChineselanguage.Ifthephenomenonisnotstopped,Chinesewillbegraduallyreducedfromanindependentexpressionsystemtoamixtureoflanguages.
Others,however,shaketheirheads.Itisnotpersuasive,theysay,thatthemediashyawayfromforeignabbreviationstopreservethepurityoftheChineselanguageandculture.Afterall,languages'integrationisaverycomplicatedprocessandit'sirrationaltoimposeasimplebanoncertainwords.Besides,theuseofforeignabbreviationswon'tshakethestatusofChineseasanembodimentofandthebasisofthe5,000-year-oldChineseculture.
AsfarasIamconcerned,thereisnoneedtobantheuseofforeignabbreviationsonTV.Alanguageisgreat,notbecauseofitspurity,butbecauseofitstolerancetootherlanguages.Chineseissorichandbeautifulbecauseitconstantlyabsorbswords,abbreviationsandphrasesfromotherlanguages.It'stotallyunnecessarytofearaboutthedisappearanceofChineseifweallowEnglishtomixwithChinese.
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofShouldForeignAbbreviationsBeBannedonTV?.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.
目前有些电视台禁止在节目中使用外来缩略语
1.对这种做法有人表示支持
2.有人并不赞成
3.我认为……
ShouldForeignAbbreviationsBeBannedonTV?
7.1.面对今年的就业形势,很多大学生毕业后选择到农村去发展,比如去农村当“村官”。
2.你认为到农村就业对大学生来说是好的就业选择吗?请说明理由。
8.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTheProspectofElectronicBooks.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:
1.有些人认为随着电脑技术的发展,电子书籍将取代现在的纸制书本。
2.有些人认为书本的位置是不可替代的。
3.我的看法是……
TheProspectofElectronicBooks
9.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteapassageofatleast150wordsinthetitleofForeignFastFood.Pleasefollowtheoutlinegivenbelow.
1.洋快餐受到了许多人(特别是青少年)的欢迎,这是因为
2.许多人反对吃洋快餐,是因为
3.你的观点。
10.Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowritecompositiononthetopic:HowtoDealwithPersonalCrisis.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:
1.造成个人危机的起因;
2.应对个人危机的方法。
二、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(10题)11.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)
Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
HappyEarthDay
TheGoodNews
Here'sthegoodnews:ourairiscleaner,ourlakesarepurer,ourforestsarehealthier,endangeredspeciesarerecovering,toxicemissionsaxedown,andacidrainhasdiminisheddramatically.Andyet,ifyou'velookedatanewspaperorwatchedtheeveningnewslately,youmightthinkourenvironmentisundersiege(围攻).Mediacoverageoftheenvironmentisheavyondoomsday,butthetruthisnotatallbleak:nearlyallenvironmentaltrendsintheUnitedStatesarepositiveandhavebeenforyears-ifnotdecades.
Eco-legislation,greenorganizations,corporatecooperationandnewinventionshaveallquietlysteeredourenvironmentinapositivedirection.Wecan'taffordtobecomplacent(自满的),though-especiallywhenitcomestogreenhousegases,sinceglobalwarmingistheonehugeproblemwehaven'treallytackled.Butalmosteverymeasuretakenbygovernmentagenciesendgrass-rootseffortstoimprovetheenvironmenthasshownencouragingresults-usuallyfasterthanexpectedandatalowercost.Nowthat'sgoodnews.
Scientistsandenvironmentaliststhinkthateventheworrisomefactofglobalwarmingcanbeameliorated(改善).Thereisastrongscientificconsensusthattheglobalwarmingthreatrequiresaction,butifcurrentenvironmentaltrendspersistandthereductionofmostpollutantscontinuestobeaccomplishedfasterendmorecheaplythanexpected,wemaybeabletocontrolandreducegreenhousegasesinbothaffordableandpracticalways.
ConsidersomeoftheenvironmentalimprovementstheUnitedStateshaswitnessedoverthelastthreedecades.
ImprovedAirQuality
Takeanice,bigcleansingbreath.AccordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,emissionsoftheprimarysmog-causingchemicalsfromcarsandtruckshavedeclined54percentsince1970,eventhoughthenumberofregisteredcarsandtruckshasmorethandoubled,from108,407,000to230,428,000,andtheyarenowdrivenoneandahalftimesasfarannually.
Keepbreathing,becausethefineparticulateslinkedtorespiratorydisease,includingthosesometimesseenassoot(煤烟),aredownbyaboutone-thirdsince1979(thoughfewercitiesweresurveyedbackthen).Thelevelofcarbonmonoxide,adangerousodorlessgas,isdown53percentsince1970.Andemissionsofsulfurdioxide,oftenthemajorculpritbehindacidrain,aredown49percentsince1970,despitethefactthattheUnitedStatesnowbumsfarmorecoal,themainsourceofthispollutant.
TheseimprovementshavetranslatedintobetterairqualityformillionsofAmericans.Between1976and1990,theLosAngelesareaaveragedsome150daysperyearinviolationoffederalsmogstandards;in2004,thatfiguredroppedtojust27violationdays,thefewesteverforthatcity.
And,incaseyouarewondering,federalstandardshavebecomestricter,notweaker,duringthisperiod.Ofcourse,thereismoretobedone-27smogdaysinLosAngelesarestill27toomany,andAtlanta,Houstonandothercitiescontinuetoexperienceair-pollutionproblems.Butoverall,air-qualitytrendsarestronglypositive.Now,exhale.
BetterWaterQuality
Otherenvironmentaltrendsareequallyencouraging.Waterqualityhasimproved,too,andratesofwaterbornediseasearealsoindecline.It'shardtobelieve,butjustagenerationago,factoriesandmunicipalplantsactuallydischargeduntreatedwaste
A.Globalwarming.
B.Acidrain.
C.Toxicemission.
D.Environment.
12.TheHydrogenEconomy
Itseemslikeeverydaythereisanewannouncementinthenewsaboutautomobilespoweredbyfuelcells.Thepromisesaregreat,sincefuelceilshavethepotentialtoveryquicklydoubletheefficiencyofcarswhilesignificantlyreducingairpollution.
Atthesametime,therehavebeennewsstoriesfordecadesabouttheproblemsassociatedwithpetroleum.Everythingfromoilspillstoozonealertstoglobalwarminggetsblamedonourdependenceonfossilfuels.Thesetwoforcesareleadingtheworldtowardwhatisbroadlyknownasthehydrogeneconomy.Ifthepredictionsaretrue,overthenextseveraldecadeswewillallbegintoseeanamazingshiftawayfromthefossilfueleconomywehavetodaytowardamuchcleanerhydrogenfuture.
ProblemswiththeFossilFuelEconomy
Whilefossilfuelshaveplayedanimportantroleingettingsocietytothepointitisattoday,therearefourbigproblemsthatfossilfuelscreate:
Airpollution—Whencarsburngasoline,theinternalcombustionenginealsoproduces:
-Carbonmonoxide,apoisonousgas
-Nitrogenoxides,themainsourceofurbansmog
-Unburnedhydrocarbons,themainsourceofurbanozone
Environmentalpollution—Theprocessoftransportingandstoringoilhasabigimpactontheenvironmentwheneversomethinggoeswrong.Anoilspill,pipelineexplosionorwellfirecancreateahugemess.
Globalwarming—Thecarbondioxidecomingoutofeverycar'stailpipeisagreenhousegasthatisslowlyraisingthetemperatureoftheplanet.Theultimateeffectsareunknown,butitisastrongpossibilitythat,eventually,therewillbedramaticclimatechangesthataffecteveryoneontheplanet.
Dependence—TheUnitedStates,andmostothercountries,cannotproduceenoughoiltomeetdemand,sotheyimportitfromoil-richcountries.Thatcreatesaneconomicdependence.WhenMiddleEastoilproducersdecidetoraisethepriceofoil,therestoftheworldhaslittlechoicebuttopaythehigherprice.
AdvantagesoftheHydrogenEconomy
Thehydrogeneconomypromisestoeliminatealloftheproblemsthatthefossilfueleconomycreates.Therefore,theadvantagesofthehydrogeneconomyinclude:
Theeliminationofpollutioncausedbyfossilfuels—Whenhydrogenisusedinafuelcelltocreatepower,itisacompletelycleantechnology.Theonlybyproductiswater.Therearealsonoenvironmentaldangerslikeoilspillstoworryaboutwithhydrogen.
Theeliminationofgreenhousegases—Ifthehydrogencomesfromtheelectrolysisofwater,thenhydrogenaddsnogreenhousegasestotheenvironment.Thereisaperfectcycle—electrolysisproduceshydrogenfromwater,andthehydrogenrecombineswithoxygentocreatewaterandpowerinafuelcell.
Theeliminationofeconomicdependence—TheeliminationofoilmeansnodependenceontheMiddleEastanditsoilreserves.
Distributedproduction—Hydrogencanbeproducedanywherethatyouhaveelectricityandwater.Peoplecanevenproduceitintheirhomeswithrelativelysimpletechnology.
Theproblemswiththefossilfueleconomyaresogreat,andtheenvironmentaladvantagesofthehydrogeneconomysosignificant,thatthepushtowardthehydrogeneconomyisverystrong.
TechnologicalHurdles
Thebigquestionwiththehydrogeneconomyis,"Wheredoesthehydrogencomefrom?"Afterthatcomesthequestionoftransporting,distributingandstoringhydrogen.Hydrogentendstobelargeandtrickyinitsnaturalgaseousform.Oncebothofthesequestionsareansweredinaneconomicalway,thehydrogeneconomywillbeinplace.
WhereDoestheHydrogenComeFrom?
Therearetwopossiblesourcesforthehydrogen:
Electrolysisofwater—usingelectricit
A.YB.NC.NG
13.
Singaporeansbelievethatalackof______-speakingskillsisadisadvantageinthe21stcentury.
14.
Theword"hammock"inthispassagemeansasuspensioncagewhichcanbeswungtoandfrointheair.
A.YB.NC.NG
15.
Toseparatehydrogenfromoxygenneedselectricitythatcanbecreatedby______.
16.
Thedirectcauseofmostearthquake-relateddeathsorinjuriesisseldomgroundmovement,but______,flyingglassandfallingobjects.
17.
Brand-nameproductsarepromotedmorefrequently.
A.YB.NC.NG
18.IncomeTaxes
Wegenerallydon'tthinkmuchabouttaxesexceptduringtheannualtaxseason.It'sprobablythemostdreadedtimeoftheyearformillionsofAmericans,yetwecircleitonourcalendarsalongwithholidaysandbirthdays.ButlittlejoyisconnectedtoApril15,whichisthedeadlineforfilingtaxforms.
TheAmericantaxsystemisahugemachinewithataxcodethatseemsmorecomplexthanrocketscience.Inthisarticle,wewilltakealookatthehistoryofincometaxesintheUnitedStates,examinetheprocessofindividualincometaxation.
TaxesinEarlyAmerica
TaxeshavealwaysleftasourtasteinthemouthofAmericancitizens.ThisnationalhatredfortaxesdateshacktothetaxburdenplacedontheAmericancoloniesbyGreatBritain.Colonistsweretaxedforeveryconsumergood,fromteaandtobaccotolegaldocuments.This"taxationwithoutrepresentation"ledtomanyrevolts,suchastheBostonTeaParty,inwhichcolonistsdumpedteaintotheBostonHarborratherthanpaythetaxonit.
AlthoughtheAmericancolonistsfoughtforindependencefromBritishruleandBritishtaxes,oncetheUnitedStatesgovernmentformed,itsmainsourceofrevenuewasderivedfromplacingcustomsandexcisetaxesonthesameitemsthatweretaxedbyGreatBritain.In1812,inanefforttosupportanexpensivewareffort,theU.S.governmentimposedthefirstsalestax,whichwasplacedongold,silverware,jewelryandwatches.In1817,internaltaxeswereterminatedandthegovernmentreliedontariffstosupportitself.Itwasn'tuntil1862thattheUnitedStatesimposedthefirstnationalincometax.
TosupporttheUnionArmy,Congresspassedtaxlawsinboth1861and1862.TheofficeofCommissionerofInternalRevenuewasestablishedbytheTaxActof1862,whichstatedthatthecommissionerwouldhavethepowertolevyandcollecttaxes.Theofficewasalsogiventheauthoritytoseizepropertyandincomeinordertoenforcethetaxlaws.Thesepowersremainprettymuchthesametoday,althoughtheInternalRevenueService(IRS)willtellyouthatenforcementtacticshavebeentoneddownabit.
TheFirstIncomeTax
In1863,thefederalgovernmentcollectedthefirstincometax.Thisgraduatedtaxwassimilartotheincometaxwepaytoday.Thosewhoearned$600to$10,000peryearpaidatarateof3percent.Ahigherratewaspaidbythosewhoearnedinexcessof$10,000.Aflat-ratetaxwasimposedin1867.Fiveyearslater,in1872,thenationalincometaxwasrepealed(撤销)altogether.
SpurnedonbythePopulistParty's1892campaign,CongresspassedtheIncomeTaxActof1894.Thisacttaxed2percentofpersonalincomethatwasmorethan$4,000,whichonlyaffectedwealthiestcitizens.Theincometaxwasshort-lived,astheU.S.SupremeCourtstruckitdownonlyayearafteritwasenacted.Thejusticeswrotethat,intheiropinion,theincometaxwasunconstitutionalbecause'itfailedtoabidebyaconstitutionalguideline.Thisguidelinerequiredthatanytaxlevieddirectlyonindividualsmustbeleviedinproportiontoastate'spopulation.
In1913,theincometaxbecameapermanentpartoftheU.S.government.Congressavoidedtheconstitutionalroadblockmentionedabovebypassingaconstitutionalamendment.The16thAmendmentreads,"TheCongressshallhavepowertolayandcollecttaxesonincomes,fromwhateversourcederived,withoutapportionmentamongtheseveralstates,andwithoutregardtoanycensusorenumeration(列举)."The16thAmendmentgavethegovernmentthepowertolevytaxesonindividualsregardlessofstatepopulation.TheUnderwoodTariffActof1913includedanincome-taxsectionthatinitiatedthesystemweusetoday.DuringWorldWarII,thefederalgovernmentbeganwithholdingtaxes,alsoknownasthepay-as-youearntaxationsystem.Thisgavethegovern
A.YB.NC.NG
19.EndYourBackPain
Likeanexpensivebuttemperamentalsportscar,thehumanspinisbeautifullydesignedandmaddeninglyunreliable.Ifyouarealiving,breathinghumanbeing,youhaveprobablysufferedtheagonyofbackpain.Andaslongaspeoplecontinuetoleadoverweight,sedentaryandstressfullives,thenumberofsufferersisunlikelytogoanywhereotherthanup.
Asitdoes,armiesofnewback-painsufferers,manydesperateandevendisabled,willseekrelief.Whentheydo,they'llquicklydiscoverjusthowcomplicatedtheirproblemreallyis,withitsmystifyingmixofphysicalsymptomsandpsychologicalunderpinnings.Therealityisthattheagonywilloftengoawayonitsown—impossibleasthatmayseemwhenyouarewrithing(痛苦扭曲)onthekitchenfloor.TheGreatPainMystery
Backpaincanoriginateanywhereintheelaboratespinalarchitecture.Degenerateddiscs(椎间盘),whichmanyleadtoherniation(突出)andcompressednerves,areacommonproblem.Thentherethosewrenchingpainprovokedbymuscleinjuries,whichcandropgrownmentothefloor.What'smostmysteriousaboutbackproblemsisthefrequentdisconnectbetweenanatomicaldefectsandpain.Unlikebloodpressureandcholesterol(胆固醇),whichcouldbemeasuredwitharmcuffsandbloodtests,lower-backpainhasnoobjectiveway—thevolumeoftears?theintensityofagrimace?—tobegauged.
Manytimes,theprecisecauseofpainremainsunknown.Imagingtestsfoundthattwopeoplewithherniateddiscscanleadradicallydifferentlives:Onespendshisdayspoppingpainkillers,theotherwaltzesthroughlife.Inawell-knownstudy,researcherschecked98healthypeople:Two-thirdshadabnormaldiscseventhoughnonecomplainedofpain.Therealissueiswhysomepeoplehaveamildbackacheandsomehavereallycripplingpain.Inanotherresearch,expertscomparedagroupofpatientswhoreportedbackpainwithacontrolgroupwhodidnot.Closetotwo-thirdsifthepainpatientshadcracksintheirdiscs,so-calledhigh-intensityzones,orHIZs.Butsodid24percentofthenon-complainers.
Theanswerhasasmuchtodowiththemindaswiththebody.IntheHIZstudy,thebestpredictorofpainwasnothowbadthedefectlooked,butthepatient'spsychologicaldistress.Depressionandanxietyhavelongbeenlinkedtopain;arecentCanadianstudyfoundthatpeoplewhosufferfromseveredepressionarefourtimesmorelikelytodevelopintenseordisablingneckorlow-backpain.AtNewYork'sHospitalforSpecialSurgery,psychiatristGregoryLutzsaysheoftenseesmenwhohavetwothingsincommon:cripplingsciatica(坐骨神经痛)andanupcomingweddingdate.Theproblemintheirback,possiblyadegeneratedorherniateddisc,likelyalreadyexisted,saysDr.Lutz,butwasintensifiedbythepre-marriagejitters.
SpineSurgeryBreakthrough
Painispain,andmanywantaquickfixandthatmeanssurgery.Spinal-fusionsurgery,oneofthemostinvasiveandcostlyformsoftherapy(about$42,000)hasmorethandoubledintheUSsince1993,toabout350,000in2003.Discectomy,whichisdonelessinvasively,hasalsospikedto342,000surgeriesperyear.Buttheseproceduresdon'tworkforeveryone.
Theincreaseinallspinalsurgeryhasbeenpromotedinpartbytechnicaladvancespromisingbetteroutcomes.Perhapsthemostintriguingnewdevelopmentistheartificialcobalt-chromedisc.InOctober2004,theUSFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)approvedthefirstsuchdisc,theCharite,forpatientswithdegenerativediscdisease.Thethree-piecedevicehasaslidingmedical-gradeplasticcoresandwichedbetweentwometalplates,whichallowsthespinetomove.Itisbelievedthat,suchdiscs,likekneereplacements,willgivepatientsmoremobilitythantraditionalfusionsurgery.Andtheywillgetoutofbedalotsoonertoo.Thekeyistobev
A.plainageing
B.spinedefects
C.surgicalfailures
D.mentalstress
20.
Hostagesituationsareusuallyintremendousdisorder,sotherearenoobviousstagesinthem,
A.YB.NC.NG
三、3.ListeningComprehension(10题)21.听力原文:M:Hi,Helen,whatdoyouthinkofourclassinchildren'sliterature?
W:It'sprettygood.Iwassurprisedtoseeyouthere.Areyoualsomajoringinelementaryeducation?
M:No,I'mnot,butasapsychologymajor,Icanusethistofulfilltherequirementindevelopmentalpsychology.
W:Haveyoufinishedthefirstassignmentyet?
M:Notyet.Ijustboughtthebookstoday.Howaboutyou?
W:Istartedthisafternoon.It'sgreatfunreadingthosewonderfulchildren'sstoriesbyDr.Seuss.
M:Dr.Seuss?Idon'trememberseeinghisnameonthereadinglist.
W:HisfullnameisTheodorSeussGeisel.That'showit'slistedinthebibliography.Dr.Seussishispenname.
M:Ilovedreadingthosestoriesasachild.It'llbeinterestingtoreadthemnowfromadifferentperspective.Iguessit'llgivemeagoodideaabouthowchildrenthink.
W:Thosestoriesarealsogreatforclassroomuse.
M:Howisthat?
W:Well,takeatypicalDr.Seuss'booklikeTheCatintheHat.Ithasacontrolledvocabularyofonly200words.
M:Sothatmeansthechildrengetlotsofpracticeinusingasmallnumberofwordsoverandover.
W:Exactly.Infact,TheCatintheHatwaswrittenprimarilytoshowhowacontrolledvocabularyreadercouldalsobeinterestingandfun.
M:Well,itsoundsthatallthesecoursesaregoingtobeinterestingandfun.IthinkI'llgetstartedonthisreadinglisttonight.
(23)
A.Arthistory.
B.Elementaryeducation.
C.Americanliterature.
D.Psychology.
22.(36)
A.Itwillbeagreatsuccess.
B.Itwillbepopularbutonlytakestime.
C.Itwillbeagreatrisktokeepit.
D.Itishardtosay.
23.
【B5】
24.(25)
A.Ratherdifficulttoplease.
B.Rudetowomendrivers.
C.Talkativeandgenerouswithtips.
D.Differentinpersonality.
25.(30)
A.Theremayexistsomeintelligentlife.
B.Thereisn'tanyintelligentlife.
C.Theremayexistsomelivingthings.
D.Theremayevenbenolivingthings.
26.(29)
A.Childrenwillmovemoreandconsumemoreenergyiftheydon'twatchTV.
B.ChildrenwillspendmoretimestudyingiftheyarenotallowedtowatchTV.
C.Childrenwilleatmorefoodtotheirtasteiftheyhavespecialdiets.
D.Childrenwillbeindulgedinvideogamesifparentsdon'tsupervisethem.
27.听力原文:AlbertSchweitzerwasbornin1875inAlsace.Atthattime,itwasapartofGermany.Hisgenerousspiritwasfirstawakenedthroughhistrainingasapreacher.Besidesgainingareputationaspreacher,healsobecamerespectedforhisabilitytoplaytheorgan.Hewasamanofmanytalents.Hisconcernforotherpeopleturnedhisattentiontomedicine.Hehadalsoacquireddoctoraldegreesinphilosophyandmusic.Hiswifetookaninterestinmedicinealsoandbecameanurse.ManypeoplethoughtthatheshouldremainandlectureinEuropetohaveastrongimpactonWestern.civilization.Thoughhelistenedtotheirsuggestions,heultimatelydecidedtofollowhisownconscience.ThisledhimtoAfrica.Alberthadfeltthatallmenshouldaccepttheresponsibilityofhelpingothers.HefeltparticularlyconcernedforblackAfricanswhohadbeenexploitedbywhitemen.Heearnedthemoneyheneededbyperformingontheorganandbylecturing.WiththismoneyheboughtequipmentandopenedahospitalinAfrica.Hewasamanofgreatstrengthwhofacedgreatproblemswithcourage.Thethreatofwar,therealityofimprisonmentduringWorldWarOneasaGermancitizenandtheunbearableheatinAfricadidnotmakehimretreatatall.Hebelievedthatamancouldover-cometheseobstaclesifhehadasenseofidealism.Hediedin1965.
(33)
A.Throughhishardworkattraining.
B.Throughhistrainingasapreacher.
C.Throughhisreputationaspreacher.
D.Throughhisattentiontomedicine.
28.(34)
A.Governmentfunded.
B.Political.
C.Private.
D.Noneoftheabove.
29.(44)
30.【B8】
四、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(3题)31.WherewasiceusedaftertheCivilWar?
32.SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
Modempeoplewearmanymasksthatkeeptheirrealityconfinedand【C1】______,eventothemselves.Thepossibilityofencounteringone's【C2】______,learningaboutoneself,isfrighteningand【C3】______.Manypeopleexpecttodiscovertheworst.Ahiddenfearliesinthefactthattheymayalsodiscoverthebest.
Todiscovertheworstistofacethedecisionofwhetherornottocontinueinthesamepattern.Tolearnthebestistofacethedecisionofwhetherornottoliveuptoit.Bothdiscoverymayinvolvechangeandbutcausesanxiety.However,thiscanbeacreativeanxietywhichmaybethoughtofasexcitement—theexcitementofenhancingone's【C4】______forbeingawinner.
Transactionalanalysis(沟通分析)isa(n)【C5】______youcanusetoknowyourself,toknowhowyourelatetoothers,andtodiscoverthedramatic【C6】______yourlifeistaking.Theunitofpersonalitystructureistheegostate.Bybecoming【C7】______ofyouregostate,youcan【C8】______betweenyourVarioussourcesofthoughts,feelings,andbehavior.pattern.Youcanbemoreawareofthechoicesavailabletoyou.
Theunitofmeasureininterpersonalrelationshipsisthe【C9】______.Byanalyzingyourtransactions,youcangainamoreconsciouscontrolofhowyouoperatewithotherpeopleandhowtheyoperatewithyou.
Transactionalanalysisisapractical【C10】______fromwhichyoucanevaluateolddecisionsandbehavior.andchangewhatyoudecideisdesirableforyoutochange.
A.transactionB.processC.realityD.decisionE.unconscious
F.unknownG.frustratingH.courseI.distinguishJ.possibility
K.frameL.maskM.toolN.awareO.frame
【C1】
33.Thetelecityisacitywhoselife,direction,andfunctioningarelargelyshapedbytelecommunications.Inthetwenty-firstcentury,citieswillbebasedmoreandmoreonaneconomythatisdependentonservicesandintellectualproperty.Telecommunicationsandinformationnetworkswilldefineacity'sarchitecture,shape,andcharacter.Proximityinthetelecitywillbedefinedbythespeedandbandwidthofnetworksasmuchasbygeographicalpropinquity.Intheageofthetelecity,NewYorkandSingaporemaybecloserthan,say,NewYorkandArkadelphia,Arkansas.
Telecitieswillsupersedemegacitiesforseveralreasons,includingthedrivetowardcleanair,reducingpollution,energyconservation,morejobsbasedonservices,andcopingwiththehighcostofurbanproperty.Nowwemustaddtheneedtocopewithterroristthreatsinahigh-technologyworld.
Westernmind-setswereclearlyjoltedinthewakeoftheterroristattackontheWorldTradeCentreinNewYorkCityandattacksinIndonesia,SaudiArabia,andelsewhere.Buttherisksposedbytwentieth-centurypatternsofurbanizationandarchitecturehaveyettoregist
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