全近5年高考英语非谓语动词考点全总结

近五年高考英语非谓语动词考点全总结非谓语知识点概述非谓语形式就是动词的变形，即由动词变化而来，但不能做谓语，而是承担其他语法功能。主要有三种形式：不定式，分词（现在分词、过去分词），动名词。详见下表：以上形式又各有不同的变化形式，如：大体用法如下：非谓语动词的否定形式：在非谓语动词前加not。非谓语动词的复合结构：①forsb.todosth.（sb.是todo的逻辑主语）②one'sdoing（one是doing的逻辑主语）例如：ForTomtolearnaforeignlanguageistoodifficult.相当于ItistoodifficultforTomtolearnaforeignlanguage.句意：对汤姆来说学习一门外语太难了。（Tom是tolearnaforeignlanguage的逻辑主语。）例如：DoyoumindTom'ssmoking?句意：你介意汤姆吸烟吗？（Tom是smoking的逻辑主语。）非谓语题答题技巧01确定是否需要非谓语。句中已经有谓语动词，再出现动词表示动作时，须用非谓语形式，如果是并列谓语要有and或“，”链接。02分析是不是固定短语。如果是，按照固定短语分析。03分析出非谓语的逻辑主语，主要有以下集几种情况：①非谓语做定语时，非谓语的逻辑主语是非谓语所修饰的词。例如：IliketheteacherteachingEnglish.（译：我喜欢教英语的那个老师。）句中非谓语做定语，修饰theteacher，theteacher是非谓语teaching的逻辑主语，非谓语与其逻辑主语是主动关系。②非谓语做状语时，非谓语的逻辑主语是主句的主语。例如：WatchingTV，shewasmoved.（译：看电视时，她被感动了。）句中非谓语做状语，非谓语的逻辑主语就是主句的主语，she是非谓语watchingTV的逻辑主语，非谓语与其逻辑主语是主动关系。③非谓语做宾语补足语时，非谓语的逻辑主语是该句的宾语。例如：Hisboss

wanted

LiLei

tofinishthework.主语谓语宾语宾语补足语（译：李雷的老板让他完成工作。）句中非谓语tofinish做宾语him的补足语，him是tofinish的逻辑主语，非谓语与其逻辑主语是主动关系。04确定非谓语的逻辑主语后，分析非谓语与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系还是被动关系。05分析非谓语表示的动作与主句谓语动作发生的时间关系，分析非谓语表示的动作是发生在谓语动词的同时、之前还是之后。非谓语真题练习【2021年】八省联考1.Likemanyotherstudents,youmayhavevariouspeople,

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(include)familymembersandfriends,givinginputonyourcollege.浙江卷1.In1985,urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries

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(study)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.2.Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople

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(live)inthecountryside,including

lower

(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.【2020年】全国卷

I1.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang'e-4

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(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.2.Ilikeeatingfryingtomatoeswitheggs,andIthoughtitmusttobeeasytocook.3.Mymomtoldmehowtopreparingit.全国卷Ⅱ1.Theyrepresenttheearth

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(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.2.Theymakegreatgifsandyouseethemmanytimes

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(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.3.Theyareeasy

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(care)forandmakegreatpresents.全国卷III1.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout

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(find)thewell-knownpainter.2.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds

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(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.山东卷1.Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模拟)andimagine

themselves

(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor

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(walk)througharainforest.浙江卷1.Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology

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(change)lives.2.Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththe

seasons

(season)，plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas，

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(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.江苏卷1.Technologicalinnovations,____goodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.A.combinedwithB.combiningwithC.havingcombinedwithD.tobecombinedwith▲2019年全国卷I1.Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive

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(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.2.Scientistshaverespondedby

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(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsarehigherthantheyactuallyare.3.Allthefootballplayersontheplaygroundcheeredloudly,saythatIhadatalentforfootball.全国卷II1.A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for

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(be)Britain'soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.2.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans

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(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.3.Whenwegotacall

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(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.全国卷III1.Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake

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(get)there.2.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,

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(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.3.Nowmydreamistoopensapencafe.4.IfIsucceedinmanageone,Iwillopenmore.浙江卷1.But some students didn't want 

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(wear) the uniform.▲2018年全国卷I1.Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong

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(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof

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(die)earlybyrunning.2.Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysellthefish.全国卷II1.Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice

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(improve)waterquality.2.China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile

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(feed)itscitizens"offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide",saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.4.Asakid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthem,myparentswouldnotletme.全国卷III1.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid

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(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel

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(challenge).2.Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme

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(stay)andwatch.3.Everyonewassilent,waittoseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisorherparagraphaloud.浙江卷1.Istillremember

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(visit)afriendwho'dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI

wasshocked

whenIlearntshehadn'tcookedonceinallthattime.▲2017年全国卷I1.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired

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(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.2.Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt;by

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(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.全国卷II1.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,

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(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.2.Whensummercomes,theywillinvitetheirstudentspickthefreshvegetables!全国卷III1.Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term

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(rest).2.ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants

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(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.浙江卷1.Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring  61 

(cook) a meal.2.Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot

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(sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbish.▲2016年全国卷I1.ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,whenIwasthefirstWesternTVreporter

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(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude

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(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.全国卷II1.Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you'llbelesslikely

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(bring)yourworkhome.2.Wecanchoosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.全国卷III1.Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmetal

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(create)specialdesigns.2.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,

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(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.3.IshowedthemIwasindependentbywearstrangeclothes.▲2015年全国卷I1.A study of travelers

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(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.2.Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says itregularly arranges quick gateways here for people

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(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.全国卷II1.Theadobedwellings(土坯房)

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(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeventhemostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheirabilityto“aircondition”ahousewithout

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(use)electricequipment.2.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough

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(cool)thehouseduringthehotday;atthesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.3.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundhisparentsweremissing.答案▲2021年八省联考1.including句意为“像许多其他学生一样，可能会有各种各样的人，包括你的家人和朋友，为你上哪所大学提供意见”。空白处应填介词including。浙江卷1.studied考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，该句谓语动词为had，故此空考查study的非谓语动词形式，此处作countries的后置定语；而countries与study之间为被动关系，且“研究”是已经完成了的动作，故填studied。2.living考查非谓语动词。此空考查live的非谓语动词形式，此处作people的后置定语；而people与live之间为主动关系，故填living。▲2020年全国卷I1.tofind考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填tofind。2.frying改为fried考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词作定语，故将frying改为fried。3.preparing改为prepare考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知，“how+不定式”作told的宾语，to是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将preparing改为prepare。全国卷II1.coming考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与comebackto之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。2.decorated考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orangetrees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。3.tocare考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be+形容词+todo”结构。故填tocare。全国卷III1.tofind考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为setouttodosth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填tofind。2.surrounding考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，thesoftclouds69(surround)themountaintops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。山东卷1.walking考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imaginesbdoingsth.“想象某人做某事”。故填walking。浙江卷1.tochange考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填tochange。2.making考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。makeuseof和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。江苏卷1.A考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:becombinedwith“与……结合/联合”，本句中省略be动词，使用过去分词做状语。故选A。▲2019年全国卷I1.toperform该句为“be+形容词+不定式”结构，主语methods与谓语动词perform为被动关系，但需用不定式的主动式作状语。2.noting介词后用note的动词-ing形式noting作宾语。3.say→saying全国卷II1.being介词后用动词-ing形式作宾语。2.toretire名词plan后接不定式作后置定语。3.saying名词call与say之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作后置定语。全国卷III1.toget分析句子结构可知，ittakes+时间+todosth中，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。2.listening主语we与listen之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作状语。3.opens→open4.manage→managing浙江卷1.towearwant后通常接不定式todosth。▲2018年全国卷I1.tosee根据句意“要见到效果，你不必快跑或长时间地跑”,tosee作目的状语。2.dying介词后用die的动名词形式dying。3.sell→selling全国卷II1.toimprove根据语境“改善水质”是“政府鼓励农民种玉米而不种水稻”的目的，动词不定式作目的状语。2.feedingwhen/while+现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于when/while引导的时间状语从句。3.watching→watch全国卷III1.(64)lookingavoid后接动名词作宾语。avoiddoingsth意为“避免做某事”。(65).challenged主语he与challenge（对……挑战）之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。2.tosta