英语人教版必修3学案UNIT3SECTIONⅡWARMINGUPREADINGLANGUAGEPOINTS

Section_ⅡWarming_Up_&_Reading_—_Language_Points一、这样记单词记得准·写得对记得快·记得多Ⅰ.根底词汇1.permitvt.&vi.许可；允许；准许n.通行证；许可证；执照2.spotvt.发觉；认出n.斑点；污点；地点3.scenen.(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色4.seekvt.&vi.查找；探究；寻求5.birthplacen.诞生地；故土6.envelopen.信封7.wandervi.漫游；闲逛；漂泊8.noveln.小说；长篇故事adj.新颖的；特别的9.accountvi.&vt.认为；说明；总计有n.说明；理由；计算；账目10.starevi.&vt.注视；盯着看11.faultn.过错；缺点；故障12.contraryn.反面；对立面adj.相反的；相违的Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.pennilessadj.身无分文的→pennyn．分；便士2.businessmann．商人→businessn．生意；商业3.unpaidadj.未付款的；不受酬劳的→paidadj.付清的；已付的4.patiencen．急躁；耐性；忍耐→patientadj.有急躁的n.病人“剧〞①tragedyn．悲剧②edyn.喜剧③BeijingOpera京剧④operan.歌剧⑤historicalplay历史剧⑥stageplay话剧⑦TVplay电视剧⑧YuOpera豫剧2.“邮政〞家族①envelopen.信封②postoffice邮局③mailboxn.信箱④parceln.邮包⑤writingpaper信纸⑥stampn.邮票“查找；发觉；探究〞①seek(for)v．②searchv．insearchofsearchfor③findv．&n．④explorev．⑤lookfor二、这样记短语记坚固定短语多积常用词块1.bring_up抚养；培育；教育；提出2.make_a_bet打；钱3.go_ahead前进；可以；往下说4.by_accident偶然5.stare_at注视6.account_for是……的缘由；解释7.on_the_contrary相反8.care_about关怀；担忧1.belostin迷路；沉醉于2.stepinside走进3.throughthefrontdoor通过前门4.asamatteroffact事实上5.sailoutof驶出6.goon连续7.workas担当……角色；做……工作8.showsb.out领某人出去三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.ItisHenryAdams,anAmericanbusinessman,whoislostinLondonanddoesnotknowwhatheshoulddo.他叫亨利·亚当斯，一个商人。在伦敦迷了路，不知道该做什么。强调句型：Itis＋被强调局部＋that/who...。It_is_our_teacher_who/thathelpsusmakegreatprogress.正是我们的老师关心我们取得了很大的进步。2.Well,towardsnightfallIfoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.嗯，将近黄昏时我发觉我被一阵强风刮到海上去了。“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语〞结构。Whenheawoke,hefound_himself_in_a_roomhedidn'trecognize.等他醒来时，他发觉自己在一间生疏的房间里。3.ThenextmorningI'djustaboutgivenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.其次天早上，我正感到无望的时候，一艘船发觉了我。“hadjustdone...when...〞，意为“刚做完……，这时/那时……〞。Hehad_just_arrived_there_whenhewassurroundedbyhisfans.他刚刚到达那里就被粉丝们包围了。4.ThefactisthatIearnedmypassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand,whichaccountsformyappearance.事实上我靠做义工来挣船费，这就是我衣冠不整的缘由。that引导表语从句，只起连接作用，不作句子成分。The_fact_is_thatIdonotknowanythingabouthim.事实是我对他一无所知。1．(教材P17)HewasbroughtupinHannibal,Missouri,alongtheMississippiRiver.他生长在密西西比河畔密苏里州的汉尼拔市。bringup抚养；培育；教育；提出；呕吐写出以下句中bringup的含义①Herparentsdiedwhenshewasababyandshewasbroughtupbyheraunt.抚养②Thenewpresidentbroughtupanewplanatthemeeting.提出③Thewomanfellillandbroughtupwhatsheate.呕吐④Myparentsbroughtmeuptorespectothers.教育bringforward 提出(建议、想法等)bringdown 使降低；使倒下bringout 使显现；说明；出版bringabout 导致；引起bringin 引进；汲取bringback 使想起；拿回来⑤Whatbroughtaboutthefailureofthebusiness?是什么缘由造成了经营失败？⑥WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahasbroughtoutthebestinherasadoctor.(2017·江苏高考单项选择)在非洲与医疗队的合作使她作为一名医生的最正确素养彰显了出来。[语境串记]Thechairmanbroughtupanideaatthemeetingthatchildrenwhobringupwhattheyeatneedtobespeciallybroughtup.主席在会议上提出一个想法：那些把他们所吃的都吐出来的孩子需要特殊地抚养。2．(教材P17)ActⅠ，Scene3第一幕，第三场scenen．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色onthescene(of) (……的)现场；在现场；当场etothescene 来到现场behindthescenes 幕后的；在幕后的①Heisgoodatdrawingapeacefulcountryscene.他擅长画安静的乡村景色。②Hewasonthescenewhentheaccidenthappened.事故发生时，他在现场。③Heisanimportantmanbehindthescenes.他是一个幕后的重要人物。[辨析比拟]scene,scenery,sight,viewscene指呈现在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一局部，大多包括景物中的人及活动在内scenery指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指漂亮的乡间景色sight既指场景、眼前看到的景观，又指名胜、风景，表示后者的含义时，必需要用复数view常指从远处或高处或某一特定的地点看到的景色[语境串记]TheMayDayising,andXiaoWangisgoingtotraveltoShanghaitoseeitsbeautifulscenery.Heknowsthattherearemanygreatsightsthere.Hecanalsoenjoythewonderfulviewsofthecitiesalongthewayonthetrain.Now,heisimaginingthebusyscenesintheShanghaiBund.五一节快到了，小王想到上海旅游，去看看那儿的美景。他知道，上海有很多名胜。他也喜爱在火车上看沿途城市的漂亮风景。现在，他想象着上海外滩的喧闹场面。3．(教材P18)Permitmetoleadtheway,sir.先生，请让我来带路吧。permitvt.&vi.许可；允许；准许n.通行证；许可证；执照(1)permit(sb./sb.'s)doingsth.允许(某人)做某事permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事bepermittedinto被允许进入……(2)permissionn．[U](口头)许可①Wedon'tpermitsmokingintheoffice.我们不允许在办公室吸烟。②Theyarenotpermittedto_e(e)herewithoutpermission.未经许可，他们不被允许来这里。③Childrenarenotpermittedintothecinemawithouttheirparents.没有家长带着，孩子不准进入电影院。④Inthelab,don'ttouchanythingwithoutyourteacher'spermission(permit)．在试验室，未经老师许可禁止触碰任何东西。4．(教材P18)Notatall.Gorightahead.不介意，请问吧。goahead前进；可以；请(说或做)吧goout熄灭goafter追求；设法获得gowithout没……也行；将就goover复习gothrough经受；经受；通过goagainst违反；反对①—Willyoudomeafavour?—Goahead.——请你帮我个忙好吗？——说吧。②Shewentagainsthermother'swishes,thoughshedidn'twantto.她违反了她母亲的意愿，尽管她不情愿这么做。③Ican'tdecidewhethertogoafterthejobornot.我打算不了要不要去争取这份工作。④Beforetheyweresetfree,theyhadgonethroughalotofsufferings.在被释放之前，他们患病了很多苦痛。5．(教材P18)Asamatteroffact,IlandedinBritainbyaccident.事实上，我在英国上岸是偶然地。byaccident偶然；无意中；意外地byaccident＝bychance 偶然地；意外地bydesign＝onpurpose 成心地；蓄意地①Iranintoanoldfriendinthestreetbyaccident/chance.我在街上偶然碰见一位老伴侣。②Thepilot,whetherbyaccidentordesign,madetheplanedoasharpturn.不知是偶然地还是成心地，那个飞行员让飞机作了一个急转弯。③I'msorryIdidn'tbreakthecuponpurpose.很愧疚，我不是成心打破杯子的。6．(教材P18)Aboutamonthago,Iwassailingoutofthebay...(hiseyesstareatwhatisleftofthebrothers'dinneronthetable)大约一个月前，我开船出了海湾……(他的眼睛盯着兄弟俩留在餐桌上的残羹剩饭)starevi.&vt.注视；盯着看stareat注视；盯着看staresb.upanddown上下端详某人heface盯着某人的脸看①Whyareyoustaringatme?你为什么盯着我？②Thechildstaredthestrangerup_and_down.那孩子上下端详着这个生疏人。③Istaredherin_the_facetoseeifshewaslying.我眼盯着她的脸，看她是否在说谎。[联想发散]表示“看〞的短语：①glareat怒视②glanceat瞥一眼③glimpseat瞥见④lookat看一看⑤fixone'seyeson盯着看⑥catchsightof观察7．(教材P18)ThenextmorningI'djustaboutgivenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.其次天早上，我正感到无望的时候，一艘船发觉了我。spotvt.发觉；认出n.斑点；污点；地点写出以下句中spot的含义①Thepolicespottedaseriousmistakeinhisaction.发觉②Thepolicemanrantothespotimmediately.现场_③Idon'tknowtheexactspotwhereithappened.地点spotsb.doingsth. 发觉某人正在做某事bespottedwith 点缀着onthespot＝onthescene 当场④Althoughsheworeapairofsunglasses,shewasspottedbythemediareporters.尽管她戴着一副太阳镜，但还是让媒体记者们认出来了。⑤Someonespottedhimleaving(leave)thebuildingsoonafterwards.事后不久有人发觉他离开了那幢楼房。⑥Theyellowfieldswerespottedwithredflowers.黄色的田野点缀着红色的鲜花。8．(教材P18)ThefactisthatIearnedmypassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand,whichaccountsformyappearance.事实上我靠做义工来挣船费，这就是我衣冠不整的缘由。accountvi.&vt.认为；解释；说明；总共有n.说明；理由；计算；考虑；账目；报道(1)vi.&vt.认为；解释；说明；总共有accountsb.(tobe)...认为某人……accounttosb.for...向某人说明……accountfor解释或说明……的缘由；总共有(占)①Tomaccountshimself(tobe)lucky.汤姆认为自己运气好。②Hehastoaccounttothechairmanforallthemoneyhespent.他必需向主席说明他所花掉的全部钱的去向。③Hisillnessaccountsforhisabsencefromthemeeting.他由于生病而缺席会议。(2)n.说明；理由；计算；考虑；账目；报道onaccountof 由于；由于onnoaccount 决不(放在句首时句子用局部倒装)oaccount 把……考虑或计算在内；考虑……④On_no_accountshouldthesoldiersbeblamedforwhathappened.士兵们肯定不该为所发生的事受到责难。⑤Weshouldtake_his_health_into_accountandthenmakeadecision.我们应当先考虑他的健康状况，然后再做打算。[语境串记]Whentheteacheraskedfortheaccountwhyhewasnotpresentatschoolyesterday,heaccountedforhisabsencethen,butlaterheaccountedtotheteacherthatonnoaccountdidhetellalie.当老师问起他昨天没来上学的缘由时，他当时就向老师做了解释，但是后来他向老师说明他绝没有撒谎。[联想发散]onaccountof的同义短语有：becauseof,dueto,owingto,thanksto,asaresultof等。9．(教材P18)Itwasallmyfault.那都是我的错。faultn．过错；缺点；故障findfaultwith... 对……不满；挑剔beatfault 有过错；有责任①Helosthisjob，butitwashisownfaultfortellinglies.他丢了工作，但那是他自己撒谎的错。②Helikestofind_fault_withotherpeople,whichmakesthemveryunhappy.他喜爱挑别人的毛病，这让他们很不快乐。③Thedriverwhodidn'tstopattheredlightwas_at_faultintheaccident.那个闯红灯的司机应对这起车祸负责。10．(教材P18)IwenttotheAmericanembassytoseekhelp,but...我去大使馆寻求关心，但是……seekvt.&vi.查找；探究；寻求seek(for)sth.查找/追求某物seekafter追求；寻求seekout找出；搜出seektodosth.设法做某事①Nothingseek,nothingfind.无所求那么无所获。②Hesoughtouthisfriendinthecrowd.他在人群中找到了他的伴侣。③Heisamanwholikesseekingafterwealthandpower.他是一个喜爱追求财宝和权力的人。④Iamalwaysseekingto_improve(improve)myteachingmethod.我始终在设法改良我的教学方法。[语境串记]Inordertoseekhappiness,hewenttobigcitiestoseek(for)hisfortune.Aftersearchingeverycornerofthecitiesforit,hedidn'tfindanyjobfitforhim,sohehadtoreturntohisvillagetoexplore.为了查找幸福，他去了大城市淘金。在找遍了城市的各个角落之后，他没有找到适合他的任何工作，因此，他只好回到农村去探究。11．(教材P18)Onthecontrary,infact.事实上，正好相反。contraryn．反面；对立面adj.相反的；相违的onthecontrary 相反tothecontrary 相反的becontraryto 与……相反/相违反①IshallcontinuetobelieveituntilIhaveprooftothecontrary.我会始终信任此事，直到我有相反的证据。②Mysister'stasteindressesiscontrarytomyown.在着装方面，我妹妹的爱好和我的完全不同。③Itwasn'tagoodthing;onthecontraryitwasahugemistake.那不是什么好事，相反，那是一个巨大的错误。1．Well,towardsnightfallIfoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.嗯，将近黄昏时我发觉我被一阵强风刮到海上去了。(1)句中“foundmyselfcarriedout〞是“find＋宾语＋宾补〞结构，此处，作宾补的carriedout是过去分词短语。①Theoldmanfoundhishometownmuchchanged.这位老人发觉自己的家乡有了很大的变化。(2)“find＋宾语＋宾补〞结构形式归纳：(1)find＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(形容词/副词/介词短语,现在分词表示主动和正在进行,过去分词表示被动或完成))(2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋todo(it是形式宾语，todo是真正的宾语)②Hefoundhimselfwalking(walk)intherain.他发觉他自己在雨中闲逛?????。③Whenhecametohimself,hefoundhimselflocked(lock)intheroom.当他醒来时，他发觉自己被锁在房间里。④Hefoundthetextveryinteresting(interest)．他发觉这篇文章很好玩。⑤SomestudentsfinditeasytounderstandEnglishgrammar.一些同学发觉理解英语语法很简单。2．ThenextmorningI'djustaboutgivenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.其次天早上，我正感到无望的时候，一艘船发觉了我。(1)句中“hadjustaboutgivenmyselfup...when...〞的常用结构为“hadjustdone...when...〞，意为“刚做完……，这时/那时……〞。①Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkwhenheknockedatthedoor.我刚做完作业，这时他就来敲门。(2)其他含有并列连词“when〞的常用句式：bedoing...when...正在做……，这时……beabouttodo...when...刚要做……，这时……beonthepointofdoing...when...刚要做……，这时……②Iwas_driving(drive)downtoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.(2017·天津高考单项选择)我正开车去伦敦，这时突然发觉自己走错了路。③Iwasaboutto_go(go)outwhenitbegantorain.我刚要出去的时候，突然开头下雨。④Tomwasonthepointofgoingtobedwhenthephonerang.汤姆刚要上床睡觉，这时响了。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Tomwasabouttoclosethewindowwhenhisattentionwascaughtbyabird.2．Whenhecameback,hefoundhisbookspacked(pack)up.3．Seekingaftertoomuchfamemadehimunpopular.4．Ifoundouthewasconnectedwiththecasebyaccidentwhenaletterfelloffhispocket.5．Passengersarepermittedto_carry(carry)onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.6．ThatisasubjectIamquitecertainhewillbringup.7．Thelittlechildstaredatthetoysintheshopwindow.8．Whenthedoctorscameonthescene,WhitneyHoustonhaddied.Ⅱ.补全句子1．Shefinds_fault_witheverythingandeverybody.她对每一件事每一个人都吹毛求疵。2．Therewasnomaliceinher;on_the_contrary,_shewasverykind.她并无恶意；恰恰相反，她人很好。3．Thepoorweathermay_have_accounted_forthesmallcrowd.天气不好可能是来的人少的缘由。4．Thebusoverturned,leavingsevendeadon_the_spotand29othersinjured.公共汽车翻车了，致使7人当场死亡，另有29人受伤。5．Go_ahead!Iwanttohearmoreaboutyourplan.往下说，我想知道你的方案的更多内容。一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空1．Iaminterestedinwesternculture,andlovereadingEnglishnovels(小说)．2．It'sveryimportanttokeepinmindasmanyEnglishwordsandphrases(短语)aspossible.3．Afterlunch,myfatherandIwandered(闲逛)aroundthepathenjoyingthespringsun.4．Afriendwithoutfaults(缺点)willneverbefound.5．Lookingthroughthewindow,shesuddenlyspotted(发觉)aboatmovingtowardthebank.6．Theyareseeking(查找)themostreasonabledietwhichwilldogoodtotheirhealth.7．Weallthinkitwrongtojudgeapersonbyhisappearance(appear)．8．Youshouldknowthatnophotosaretobetakenoftheexhibitswithoutpermission(permit)．9．Asateacher,youshouldalwaysbepatientwithallthestudents,sowhentheyfeelangryorunhappy,youmusttreatthemwithpatience.(patient)10．TheadventurertoldthestudentsabouthisadventuresintheArctic.(adventure)Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Ifoundmyselfsurrounded(surround)byagroupofchildren.2．Hespottedthethiefing(e)outofthebuilding.3．Shewentthroughmanyhardshipsinherchildhood.4．Bornintoafamilywiththreebrothers,Davidwasbroughtuptovaluethesenseofsharing.5．IreaditquitebyaccidentinthelatesteditionoftheGlobal.6．Weatherpermitting(permit),wewillgoboatingtomorrow.7．Theywentbacktothesceneswheretheyhadplayedtogetherandsungtogether.8．ItwasinthefactorythatIfirstmetJohn.Ⅲ.补全句子1．Manypeoplespendyearsseeking_for_peace_of_mind,_oftenwithlittlesuccess.很多人年复一年地寻求心灵的安静，却很难如愿以偿。2．NoonecangetalongwellwithMrWang.Heisreadytofind_fault_with_others.没有人能和王先生相处好，他动不动就挑别人的毛病。3．Onemust_take_the_audience_into_accountwhenmakingspeeches.作演讲必需考虑听众。4．The_fact_was_thathewasoneofthegreatestwritersinhistimes.事实是他是他那个时代最宏大的作家之一。5．Tomwas_reading_a_book_whensomeonecamein.汤姆正在看书，突然一个人走了进来。6．Ifind_it_my_duty_to_help_youwhenyouareintrouble.我认为当你有麻烦时关心你是我的责任。Ⅳ.课文语法填空Theplay1.is_based(base)onashortstorywrittenbyMarkTwain,whowasbroughtupinHannibal,Missouri,andwasbestknown2.forhisnovels,ofwhichtherewasashortstorywhosenameisTheMillionPoundBankNote.Thestory3.happened(happen)inthesummerof1903,andHenryAdams,anAmericanbusinessman,4.was_carried(carry)outtotheseabyastrongwindwhensailingoutofabay.5.Luckily(luck),hewasspottedandrescuedbyaBritishshipandlandedinLondon,6.wherehefoundnomoneyonhim,nofriendsandnojobatall.Allthiscouldaccountforhispoor7.appearance(appear)．HewaslostandaloneinLondon.Hedidn'tknowwhattodo.Walkingdownthestreet,heheardsomeone8.calling(call)him,andthenhewentinandwasaskedmanyquestionsandthengiven9.anenvelopewithalargesumofmoneyinit.Hewasaskednottoopenit10.untiltwoo'clockintheafternoon.Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达如今，很多孩子由他们的爷爷奶奶抚养(bringup)长大，这就导致(accountfor)了他们脆弱(delicate)的性格。事实上(asamatteroffact)，这些孩子的父母应当受到责怪。他们只是盯着(stareat)工作与金钱，而与孩子共享的时间很少。他们所盼望的只是孩子们的胜利，但是相反(onthecontrary)，他们的孩子是不行能偶然(byaccident)胜利的。孩子们真正需要的是他们父母的爱与关怀。Nowadays,_many_children_are_brought_up_by_their_grandparents,_which_can_account_for_their_delicate__a_matter_of_fact,_the_children's_parents_should_be_to__just_stare_at_their_work_and_money_but_share_little_time_with_their__they_hope_to_get_is_their_children's_success,_but_on_the_contrary,_their_children_can't_succeed_by__that_the_children_need_indeed_is_their_parents'_love_and_care.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧Ⅰ.完形填空Icouldn'tdrivemyselfsoItookmyhusband'scareverydaytowork.However,his__1__weredifferentfrommine.Iworkedearlier.Sohe__2__meoffandwenttoasmallcafétodrinkcoffeeuntilworktime.Then,intheafternoons,Iwalkedthreemilestohis__3__place.Onedaywhilewaitingforhim,I__4__abeautifulcarpullinthecarpark.Iwasbusily__5__thecarwhenInoticedthedriver—aprettywoman.Oureyesmade__6__andshesmiledatme.Shewaswearingalightblueshirtthatjust__7__hercar.Minuteslater,anice­lookingmancameoutofthebuildingandenteredhercar.Thenshe__8__away.Sittingthereinmyjeansandshirt,Iwantedto__9__.Howcouldsomepeoplehaveitall?MaybeI'dhave__10__abouther,butlateritbecamealmosta__11__eventtoseeheraboutonceaweek.Sheseemed__12__andalwayswaved,flashingabigsmile.My__13__stayedlongaftershedroveaway.Thenoneday,whenwaitinginour__14__carpark,Isawhergetoutofhercarwithherhusband'shelp.Shewalked__15__.Theladyhadaprosthesis(假肢)ontheleftleg.ForweeksI'denviedthiswoman,__16__I'dbeenabletowalkthreemilestoourcar.Ithoughttheladyhad__17__，butshedidn't.IthankedGodformylegs,armsandsight,andforteachingmea__18__earlyoninlife.Whenyoumeetapersonwhoseemsmuchhappierthanyou,don'tbe__19__.Youstillhadyourparents,andthe__20__towalk,runordancethroughlife—wonderfulthingsmoneycan'tbuy.语篇解读：本文为夹叙夹议文。作者遇到一个漂亮优雅、穿着讲究、开着好车的女士，相比之下，作者感到生活对自己不公正。当得知这位女士的残疾后，作者为自己曾经的想法感到惭愧。1．A.plans B．ideasC．hours D．purposes解析：选C由下句“Iworkedearlier〞可知，作者夫妻俩上班的时间不一样。2．A.saw B．droppedC．took D．set解析：选B丈夫开车送妻子上班，到达后应是让妻子下车。3．A.study B．restC．party D．work解析：选D第一段介绍他们的上班规律，结合语境可推断，此处指作者到丈夫上班的地方等他。4．A.noticed B．madeC．felt D．heard解析：选A由上下文语境可知，作者留意到一辆好车开了进来。5．A.repairing B．consideringC．admiring D．washing解析：选C车是好车，因此作者特别艳羡，即忙于观赏它。6．A.sense B．adifferenceC．achoice D．contact解析：选D由“shesmiledatme〞可知，她们视