完整音标教学课件

WelcometoourclassIPA-InternationalPhoneticAlphabet

音标2021/5/91InternationalPhoneticsymbols（国际音标）2021/5/92Whatarephoneticsymbols?thesystemorpatternofspeechsoundsusedinaparticularlanguage?语音最小单位是音素。语言的语音都是由四十八个不同的音素相互组合而成的。2021/5/93ı音标英语共有48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。英语辅音和元音在语言中的作用相当于汉语中的生母和韵母。记录英语音素的符号叫做音标。音标放在两条斜线（//），以免和字母混淆。2021/5/94Howmanyphoneticsymbolsarethere?48phoneticsymbolsVowelsoundsConsonantsPurevowelsdiphthongsVoiceless

C.Voiced

C.[i:][i][e][æ][ə:][ə][۸][α:][ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u][ei][əu][ai][au][ɔi][iə][ɛə][uə][p][t][k][f][s][Ѳ][ʃ][ʧ][tr][ʦ][h][b][d][g][v][z][ð][ӡ][dӡ][dr][dz][r][l][m][n][ŋ][w][j]2021/5/95国际音标

｛元音分类：英语中共有48个音标，元音20个，辅音28个。单元音双元音前元音中元音后元音｛/i:/,/I/,/e/,/æ//ɜ:/,/ǝ/,/ʌ//u:/,/ʊ/,/ɔ:/,/ɒ/,/ɑ://eI/,/aI/,/ɔI/,/Iǝ/,/eǝ/,/ʊǝ/,/aʊ/,/ǝʊ/,

辅音爆破音磨檫音

鼻音半元音舌边音/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g//f/,/v/,/s/,/z/,/θ/,/ð/,

/ʃ/,

/ʒ/,

/h/,/r/,/m/,/n/,/ŋ//l//w/,/j//tr/,/dr/,/ts/,/dz/,/tʃ/,/ʤ/,破擦音2021/5/96元音2021/5/97单元音/i:/

舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，嘴角向两边张开，流露出微笑的表情，适当拉长发音。与字母E发音相同。注意:“:”是长音符号,长元音往往比它相应的短元音长两倍以上。发音组合:

e

ee

ea

ie

ei2021/5/98/i:/例词：

he他

even甚至sea大海

Tree树

feel感觉

deep深的Tea茶

seat座位

reason原因

Believe

achieve

receive接受.2021/5/99

单元音//

---/i/

舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，比/i:/低，嘴型扁平。注意嘴巴比/i:/大，发音比/i:/短。发音组合:

i2021/5/910

/i/---/i/例词：

big大的ship轮船

hill山脉chicks雏鸡2021/5/911元音/e/嘴形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。发音组合:

e

ea

a2021/5/912/e/例词：

pen钢笔bed床leg胳膊wellBread

heaven

marry

any

man2021/5/913单元音/æ/舌尖抵下齿，嘴角尽量拉向两边，成扁平形。是所有音标里面嘴巴咧的最宽的一个，同时嘴巴也要张大，上下齿之间可容纳食指和中指。发音组合:

a2021/5/914/æ/例词：

am

applethathand2021/5/915前元音发音规律

/i:/→/i/→/e/→/æ/舌尖抵下齿舌前部抬起的高度逐步降低牙床张开的程度逐渐加大2021/5/916单元音/ə:/-

/ɜ:/舌中部稍抬起，舌尖微抵下齿，双唇扁平，发音较长。发音组合：or

ir

er

ur

ear2021/5/917/ɜ:/--/ə:/

例词：girlbirdworkwormterm

burn

surf

pearl

learn2021/5/918单元音/ə/双唇扁平，舌尖微抵下齿，口张开比/ɜ:/略大发音组合：a

er

or

o2021/5/919/ə/例词：appearagainalike

teachermotherdrivervisitordoctoractorwelcome2021/5/920元音/ʌ/舌头后部的靠前部分稍微抬起，舌尖和舌端两侧触及下齿。双唇向两旁平伸。发音组合：u

o2021/5/921/ʌ/例词：

cuprunjumpFlood2021/5/922元音/u:/长元音，嘴形小而圆，微微外突，舌头尽量后缩。舌后部向上抬起，嘴巴要收的又小又圆，并且向外突出。与汉语中的“呜”音很像。发音组合：oo

o

ou

u2021/5/923/u:/例词：zoofoodcoolpooltombbluegroup2021/5/924单元音/ʊ/-/u/短元音。嘴唇张开略向前突出，嘴形稍收圆并放松些。注意嘴巴的形状，嘴巴张开略向前突出，舌头后部略向上抬起，发短促音即可。发音组合：oo

u

ou2021/5/925/ʊ/-/u/例词：

foot-feedwoodbookpushpullfullshould2021/5/926元音/ɔ:/舌头置于口腔底部，口腔完全张开，但是不成圆形。然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩.双唇也收的更圆更小发音组合：a

oo

aw

ou

ore

au

or

ar2021/5/927/ɔ:/例词：

forkmorningairport

talk

ball

call

floor

bought

thought

caught

naughty2021/5/928元音/ɔ/-/ɒ/舌头置于口腔底部，口腔完全张开，但是不成圆形。然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩。2021/5/929/ɔ/-/ɒ/例词：

cockshopjobbox2021/5/930单元音/ɑ:/长元音。口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身平放后缩，舌尖离开下齿，下巴收低一点，轻松发音。与“啊”发音有点像。2021/5/931/ɑ:/例词：

cargardenstarguitar2021/5/932你还记得前面出现过那些单元音吗?/i:/,/i/,/e/,/æ//ǝ:/,/ǝ/,/ɑ:/，/ʌ//u:/,/u/,/ɔ:/,/ɔ/,2021/5/933_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

/i://i//e//æ//ɔ://ɔ//u:/

/u/Λ

//

/a:/

/ə://ə/

单元音

vowels(12个)2021/5/934

双元音

/ei/,

/ai/,/ɔi/,/iǝ/,/eǝ/,/ʊǝ//aʊ/,/ǝʊ/,2021/5/935双元音/eI/--/ei/由[e]和[i]两个单音组成,/e/重读，/i/轻读，口形由半开到合，与字母A发音相同。发音组合：ei

a

ai

ay2021/5/936/eI/-/ei/例词：

eight

facecakewaitraindaymay2021/5/937双元音/aI/-/ai/口形由开到合，牙齿由全开过度到全闭。发音组合：y

i

uy

2021/5/938/aI/--/ai/例词：

mykitewritebicyclebuy

guy2021/5/939双元音/ɔi/前元音重读，后元音轻读，双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合，牙齿从全开到逐渐闭合，注意连贯性。发音组合：oy

oi

2021/5/940/ɔI/例词：boytoyBoilnoisecoin2021/5/941双元音/iǝ/前元音重读，后元音轻读，双唇始终半开。发音组合：eer

ear

ere

2021/5/942/Iǝ/例词：beer

deer

earfearnearhere

2021/5/943双元音/eǝ/

前重后轻，舌端抵下齿，双唇半开.发音组合：air

ear

are

ere2021/5/944/eǝ/例词：

hair

bare

pear

Chairthere2021/5/945双元音/ʊǝ/前重后轻，嘴唇由收圆到半开，口形由合到开，双唇由圆到扁平。发音组合：oor

ure

our

2021/5/946/ʊǝ/例词：

tourpoor

suregourd2021/5/947双元音/aʊ//a/重读，/u/轻读，口形由大到小。发音组合：ou

ow2021/5/948/aʊ/例词：hownowhousemouthtrousers2021/5/949双元音/ǝʊ/口形由半开到小，与字母O的发音相同。前面的音清楚而较长，后面的音圆唇，发音模糊而较短发音字母

o

ow

oa

2021/5/950/ǝʊ/例词：

coatthrowboattoe2021/5/951那么你能说出所有的双元音吗?/eI/,/aI/,/ɔI/,/Iǝ/,/eǝ/,/ʊǝ//aʊ/,/ǝʊ/,2021/5/952_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

/Iə//eə/

/uə/

/eI

//aI//əu/

/au/

/ɔI/

双元音

vowels(8个)2021/5/953元音总结2021/5/954英语语音专题（二）2021/5/9552021/5/956辅音Consonants(28个)1.爆破音

[p]Practicemakesperfect.[b]Barryfoundabigbugonherbed.[t]Thisisahat,that’sacap.[d]ThedoormantoldDavidtogodown.[k]Don’tkitthekitten.[g]Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.2021/5/957[p] [b]pay---baypear–

bearpen---Benpig---big[p] [b]cap---cablap---labtap---tabrope---robe2021/5/958[t] [d]town–

downtie–

dietear–

deartouch–

Dutch[t] [d]bent

–bendright

–ridelent

–lendbet

–bed2021/5/959speakspitspystudystarstartskyschoolscreen2021/5/960[k] [g]Kate–

gatecard–

guardcould–

goodcoat–

goat[k] [g]pick

–pigflak

–flagback

–bagLock

–log2021/5/9612.鼻音[m]MayIhavesomemilk,mum?[n]Noraknowsthenewcomer.[ŋ]Linglingislisteningtothesong.Comparen[n]ng/nk[ŋ]

in—inksin-singthin---thingthan—thankson---song

2021/5/9623.摩擦音[f]Ifyoubuyfish,makesureit’sfresh.[v]Victorisveryclever.[

]Thankyouforyourtablecloth.[

ð]Thosearefarandthesearenear.[s]Sandyhasanewswimmingsuit.[z]WhatsizeofshoesdoesDaisywear?2021/5/963[

]

sure,she,social,nation

Washthefish,please.[ʒ]

pleasure,

televisionGeorgemeasuredthegaragewithpleasure.[h]

havehot,whowhole

hatehouseHelenholdsherhands.[r]

read,write,

wrongAreyoureadytoread?2021/5/964

4.破擦音

[t]

Heteacheschildrenhowtoplaychess.[d]Johnlikestotelljokes.

[tr]There’relotsoftrucksinthestreet.[dr]Helikesstrongdrinks.[ts]Thestudentsarewearingwhiteshirts.[dz]Takeawayyourdirtyhands.

ʒ2021/5/9655)舌边音:[l]land,world

如果在后面读[ł]little,middle,castle，puzzleWhatabeautifulbicycle!6)半元音:[w]wall,what,answer

Thehomeworkeveryweekisveryhard.[j]

yes

yellowyearYes,youryellowskirtiswet.2021/5/966lightnightrightlockknockrocklotnotrotleadneedreadlicenicerice

compare:2021/5/9671.Redlorry卡车,yellowlorry,redlorry,yellowlorry.2.Let’slookforleavesinthelargelakewithalongladder梯.Tonguetwisters2021/5/968英语辅音字母中有3个辅音[m]，[n]，[l]是响音，它们和辅音音素结合，也可构成