考点08-连词与语法填空（原卷版）

考点08并列连词和状语从句（原卷版）【命题趋势】连词是高考必考点，每年都保持在一至两个题目，命题形式除了语法填空外还在完形填空中进行考查，其考点主要句子之间的并列，转折，因果逻辑等。要求考生熟悉句型结构，准确判断句子之间的逻辑关系。状语从句则用来表示时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果等方面的关系。语法填空题型中，该部分是必考内容。状语从句的考查主要集中在条件状语从句、让步状语从句、时间状语从句、原因状语从句和结果状语从句等中。解决状语从句的关键是找出句子之间或从句与主句之间的逻辑关系。【重要考向】一、并列连词；二、状语从句的连词；并列连词【典例】【2022新高考I卷】Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNPisdesignedtoreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,__________leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.【并列连词提分秘籍】主要连词用法归纳：分类连词意义例句注意表并列and和，又，而Imakethepaymentsandkeeptheaccou-nts.我管付款和记账。表并列notonly...butalso...不但……而且……①Notonlyisthatproblemveryimportant，but(also)itisverydifficulttobesolved.那个问题不仅十分重要，而且还难以解决。②Notonlyyoubut(also)Iamtoblame.不但你，我也要受到责备。③TheGreatWallismadenotonlyofbricksandstonesbutoffleshandbloodoftheworkingpeople.长城不仅是用砖头和石头建成的，而且还是用劳动人民的血肉筑成的。(1)放在句首时，如果连接一个分句，表示强调，这时要用倒装句；若连接两个主语则不用倒装。(2)连接两个主语，谓语动词的形式采用就近原则。(3)连接一个句子的相同的句子成分，不能出现交叉现象。表并列aswellas也，又①Ateachershouldentert-ainaswellasteach.教师不仅要教书，也要能引起学生的兴趣。②Yourbrotheraswellasyouisverykindtome.你弟弟和你对我都很好。③Weshouldknowaboutwhyweshoulddoitaswellashowtodoitinlearning.在学习的过程中，我们不但要知其然，更应知其所以然。(1)连接两个并列成分作主语时，句子的谓语动词应与前面那个名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。(2)与汉语语序不尽相同。它所强调的是前者。表并列both...and...不但……而且……；既……又……Bothmybrotherandmysisterrantohelpme.我的弟弟和妹妹都跑来帮助我。when就在那时①Wewereabouttoleavewhenitbegantorain.我们正要动身，就在这时天开始下雨了。②IwaswanderingthroughthestreetswhenIcaughtsightofatailor’sshop.我正在街上徘徊，忽然看见了一家裁缝店。相当于andthen，atthattime，justthen，一般置于第二个分句句首，第一分句多用过去时、过去进行时。表转折but但是Heisold，buthelooksyoung.他年纪大了，但看上去很年轻。but表示转折时，不能与从属连词although/though/as/inspiteof/despite(尽管)出现在同一个句子中。yet然而Hegotupearly，(and)yethefailedtocatchtheearlybus.他起得早，可还是没赶上早班车。表转折however可是，尽管如此①Heknewwhathewant-ed，however,hedidn’tknowhowtogetit.他知道他需要什么，但不知道怎样去得到它。②However，we’lllookintothematter.不过我们会调查此事的。可置于句首、句中、句末，常用逗号与分句隔开。它与but最大的区别在于其后有没有逗号，有逗号，用however；没有逗号，就用but。nevertheless但是Shewasverytired，neverthelessshekeptondoinghomework.她虽然很疲惫，但却坚持写作业。表因果so因此①Itwasratherlate，sowedecidedtogohome.天很晚了，所以我们就决定回家了。②Shecoughedbadly，(and)soshewenttoseeadoctor.她咳嗽得厉害，于是去看医生了。不能与because，since，as同时用在同一个句子中，so指由很清楚的原因导致的结果。for因为，由于Itmusthaverainedlastnight，fortheroadisstillwet.昨晚一定是下雨了，因为路还是湿的。并列分句只能放在句末，用逗号隔开，表示推断的理由，是一种补充说明的原因。表因果therefore因此Hebrokethelaw，therefore，hewasputintoprison.他触犯了法律，因此被关进了监狱。为正式的书面用语。指通过严密的推理而得出的结果。thus因此，所以Sheworkedhard，thusshepassedtheexam.她学习努力了，所以通过了考试。指更严密的推理，也指直接的结果。表对比while而Somepeoplelikehotfood，whileotherslikesweetfood.有人喜欢辣的食物，有人喜好甜食。whereas然而Theywanttobuyanewhouse，whereaswewouldratherliveintheoldhouse.他们想要买一所新房子，而我们宁愿住在老房子里。表选择or,orelse,otherwise或者①Hurryup，or/orelse/other-wiseyouwillmissthetrain.快点，否则你就会错过火车。②Dowhatyou’vebeentold，otherwiseyouwillbepunish-ed.按吩咐去做，否则你会受到惩罚的。③Iwasasbusyasabee，otherwise/orIwouldhavehelpedyou.我当时很忙，否则的话我就会帮助你的。or常用于“祈使句＋or＋简单句”，这种句型同样适用于orelse和other-wise。一般来说，这三个连词可以互换使用。either...or...要么……要么……Eitheryouorheisright.不是你就是他是对的。连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与最近的主语保持一致。状语从句的连词时间状语从句【典例】【2021全国甲卷语法填空】Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept______thelate1980s.【时间状语从句提分秘籍】1．when，while和as引导的时间状语从句when从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。作并列连词，意为“那时，这时”，常用于beabouttodo...when...；bedoing...when...；hadjustdone...when...;beonthepointofdoing...when...等结构中。while从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，强调一段时间，从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。while作并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。as从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行，可译为“一边……；一边……；随着……”，从句谓语一般为延续性动词。Whenwehandedhimthebagoffood，helitupandthankeduswithwateryeyes.当我们递给他那包食物时，他对我们表示感谢，脸上露出喜色，眼睛也湿润了。MyonlymistakewasthatIdroppedsomeonthefloorwhen/whileIwaspackingthemup.我的唯一过错是当我打包时掉在了地上一些。OneFriday，wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendawaywhenmydaughterheardcriesforhelp.一个周五，我们正在打包动身去过周末，就在这时我女儿听到了呼救声。2．表示“一……就……”含义的词(短语)引导的时间状语从句(1)assoonas；immediately；directly；instantly；themoment/minute/instant；nosooner...than...；hardly...when...(2)hardly...when...；nosooner...than...中主句用过去完成时,从句应用一般过去时；当hardly和nosooner位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。Ihadhardlygottotheofficewhenmywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.x!kw我刚到办公室，我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。Hehadnosoonerfinishedhisspeechthanthestudentsstartedcheering.＝Nosoonerhadhefinishedhisspeechthanthestudentsstartedcheering.他刚完成演讲学生们就欢呼起来。ThemomentIheardthevoice，Iknewfatherwascoming.我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。Theboyburstintotearsimmediatelyhesawhismother.那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。3．引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(1)until与till引导的时间状语从句until/till意为“直到……时”，引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。当主句的谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式；当主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词时，主句常用否定形式，意为“直到……才”。(2)every/eachtime，nexttime，thefirsttime，whenever等引导的时间状语从句。(3)bythetime引导时间状语从句时，从句用一般现在时,主句用将来完成时；从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。Wheneverwemetwithdifficulties，theycametohelpus.每当我们遇到困难，他们就来帮忙。Bythetimeyoucomeback，wewillhavefinishedthejob.当你回来的时候，我们将已经完成这项工作了。让步状语从句【典例】【山东省济南市济钢高级中学2020届高三第一次诊断】Itisdifficultforyoutoshownorespectforhimintheheart

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youhaveeverlovedKobeornot.【让步状语从句提分秘籍】1．although，though，as与while引导的让步状语从句(1)although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序；as只能用倒装语序，即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。(2)although/though不能与but连用，但可以和yet，still连用。(3)though还可以作副词，意为“可是，然而”,置于句末。(4)while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。WhileIalwaysfeltIwouldpasstheexam，IneverthoughtIwouldgetanA．尽管我一直觉得自己能通过考试，但是我从未想到会得A。Althoughthejobtakesasignificantamountoftime，moststudentsagreethattheexperienceisworthit.虽然这份工作要花大量的时间，但大多数学生都同意这次经历是值得的。Happyastheywere，therewassomethingmissing.尽管他们快乐，但总缺少什么。I’veabitofcold.Itisnothingmuch，though.我有点感冒，不过不太严重。2．evenif与eventhough引导的让步状语从句Heissobusy.Hecannotaffordenoughtimewithhissonevenifhewantsto.他很忙。即使他想陪他的儿子也没有足够的时间。3．“nomatter＋疑问词”与“疑问词＋ever”；whether...or...(不管……还是……)引导的让步状语从句(1)“nomatter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句时，可转化成“疑问词＋ever”。(2)whenever,wherever还可分别引导时间和地点状语从句。Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants.总的来说，孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。Howeverhardyoutry，itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.无论你多么努力，如果不减少饮食，那么减肥是很难做到的。Don’ttrusthim，nomatterwhat/whateverhesays.无论他说什么，不要相信他。Whetheryoubelieveitornot，itistrue.不管你相信与否，那都是真的。条件状语从句【典例】【2020年湖北八校高三第一次联考】Thegamesystemwillremindplayersthetimetheyhavebeenplayingandyoungplayerswillbeforcedtologout______thetimeisup.【条件状语从句提分秘籍】1．引导条件状语从句的连词：if；unless；so(as)longas；once；incase；onconditionthat；supposing/suppose(that);provided/providing。2．“祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句”的句型中，祈使句在意义上相当于条件状语从句。3．条件状语从句中一般用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。Shesaysthatshe’llhavetoclosetheshopunlessbusinessimproves.她说如果生意还没有起色的话，她就不得不把店关掉。Youcanborrowmycaraslongasyoupromisenottodrivetoofast.你可以借用我的车子只要你承诺不开太快。Oncetheydecidewhichcollegetogoto，studentsshouldresearchtheadmissionprocedures.学生一旦决定上哪所大学，他们就应该了解一下入学手续。其他状语从句【典例】【2020届四川省攀枝花市高三第二次统一考试】Herbalanceis______goodthatshecanhelptostabilizetheboardforthekids.【其他状语从句提分秘籍】1.引导地点状语从句的从属连词where，wherever指具体地点时，从句可用于主句之前或之后；表示抽象条件的含义时,从句须放在主句之前。2．目的状语从句的谓语动词一般含有情态动词can，could,may，might，should等。3．asif/though引导方式状语从句时,从句中有时需用虚拟语气.Leaveyourkeywithyourneighborincaseyoulockyourselfoutoneday.x-kw留一把钥匙给你的邻居，以防哪天你把自己锁在门外。Today，wewillbeginwherewestoppedyesterdaysothatnopointwillbeleftout.今天我们将在昨天停止的地方开始，为的是不漏掉知识点。Nowthatyouhavegrownup，youmustdoitbyyourself.既然你已经长大了，就必须自己做这件事。（2022新高考I卷）Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNPisdesignedtoreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,__________leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.（2022全国乙卷）The“FirstInternationalTeaDayTeaRoadCooperativeInitiative”issued(发布)attheceremonycallsforpeopleworkingintheteaindustrytocometogethertopromoteinternationalcooperation____________culturalexchanges.（2021.6新高考1卷语法填空）Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure

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offersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.（2021.6新高考二卷）Ifoundthecontactinformationofthecompany____40____emaileditspresident.（2021.6全国甲卷语法填空）Mybikewasoldandshaky

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didthejob.（2021.6全国乙卷语法填空）Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept

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thelate1980s.（2021.1浙江卷语法填空）Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex（体重指数）across200countriesthescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier

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thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMTinruralareas.（2020.7新高考海南卷语法填空）Eachvolumeinthesetexplores

awiderangeofmaterial,explainsthebasicconceptsofmajorapplicationsofdigitalsystems,

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discussestheinfluencestheyhaveoneverydaylife.（2020.1浙江卷语法填空）It'salsothattheyareonaveragehealthier

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moreproductiveforlonger.Therefore,theycanworkforlonger,consumemoreandingeneralbeaboosttotheeconomy.（2020.7全国三卷语法填空）

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heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary（传奇的）artist,theysmiledand

pointeddowntheriver.（2020.7上海卷语法填空）Oneoftheearliest-knowninventionsisthebowandarrow,whichisstillusedthroughouttheworldtoday,15,000years

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itwasfirstinvented.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsIhavemade_(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,___67___becauseIwantto.”【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】Onourwaytothehouse，itwasraining___61___hardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketoget(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.【2021全国甲卷语法填空】Mybikewasoldandshaky______didthejob.【2021浙江卷语法填空】Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex(体重指数)across200countries,thescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier______thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.【2020新高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig______untiltheydied,andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】It’salsothattheyareonaveragehealthier______moreproductiveforlonger.【2019全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】IworknotbecauseIhaveto,______becauseIwantto.【2018浙江卷11月语法填空】Smallamountsofcaffeine—acup______twoofcoffeeaday—seemsafeformostpeople.【2020全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】______heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇的)artist,theysmiledandpointeddowntheriver.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】Farmingproducedmorefoodperperson______huntingandgathering,sopeoplewereabletoraisemorechildren.【2019全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】Onourwaytothehouse，itwasraining______hardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.【2018全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysitismoreeffectiveatlengtheninglife______walking,cyclingorswimming.【2018全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】Cornuseslesswater______riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.【2017浙江卷语法填空】Pahlssonscreamed______loudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.（2022·陕西省榆林中学二模）Manytechfirms____25____startupsdemandofpeopletoworknearlydouble—ormore—thenumberofhoursin__a__typicalworkweek.（2022·四川师范大学附属中学二模）Shewasexcitedabouthernewrole___62___soonrealizedthatmanaginghernewteamwouldbeachallenge.（2022·宁夏·银川一中一模）Therearethreewombat___species___(species).Northernandsouthernwombatshavefurrynoses,___4___commonwombatshavebareskinonnoses.（2022·四川·石室中学模拟预测）ThroughFriday'sopeningceremony,peoplecan___clearly__(clear)seeChina'spursuitofbuildingapeacefulworld,itsreflectionofthenewOlympicmottoof“Faster,Higher,Stronger-Together”___19___theBeijingWinterGames'mottoof“TogetherforaSharedFuture”.（2022·陕西省榆林中学二模）InJapan,theyaresopessimisticaboutthecountry’sfuture____28____theyareavoidingmaterialpossessions.（2022·上海·模拟预测）IalwaystellthemwhenI’mgoingoutclubbing.____35____theyknowwhatI’mdoing,they’refinewithit.（2021·台州市4月调考·语法填空·T10）Thesamegoesfornaturalfibers;thisxkwqualitycounts,ofcourse,______10______itislessimportantifyouthrowawayclotheswithinafewmonthsfromtimeofpurchase.Themostimportantthingistomakethemlast.（2021•肇庆市三模•语法填空•T8）Ourfoodsupplydependsonclimate____8____weatherconditions.Agriculturalpracticesmaybeadaptable,butchangeslikeincreasedtemperatures,waterstress,diseases,andweatherextremescreatechallengesforthefarmerswhoputfoodonourtables.【广东湛江一中2021届高三模拟】Seniorcitizensarethefirsttocometoourmindwhenyouthinkofhearingloss,butinarecentreport,hearingprofessionalsworryteenagerswillsoonoutnumberagingadults______itcomestolivingwithhearingloss.【湖南省长沙一中2021届高三四调】Theyputonprotectivesuitsandgloves______theyenteredthebuilding.【湖南省长沙市一中2021届高三三调】Itwillbeoftenalongtime______yourfriendfullyremovesthatmemory，sodon'tbedisappointedifitdoesn'thappenimmediately.【湖北省武汉外国语学校2021届高三调研】Heknewthatcholerawouldnotbecontrolled______itscausewasfound.【广东省深圳外国语学校2021届高三四调】Today,heissogoodatwoodcarving______hishomecityallowshimtoworkhismagiconoldtreestumpsandsofarabout40worksofarthavebeencreatedinthelocalparks.【广东省2021届高三四校联考】Thefearisthat______wedon’tstarttakingthislitteroutoftheskysoon,itwillbecomeasignificantthreattoactivesatellites.【2020届青海省西宁市六校（沈那、昆仑、总寨、海湖、21中、三中)高三上学期期末】Wemustlearnbyusingthelanguage.______wearesatisfiedwitho