2022年职称英语理工类教材新增部分内容(十二)

2022年职称英语理工类教材新增部分内容（十二）第十二篇

MusicalTrainingCanImproveCommunicationSkills

Americanscientistssaymusicaltrainingseemstoimprovecommunicationskillsandlanguageretardation.Theyfoundthatdevelopingmusicalskillsinvolvesthesameprocessinthebrainaslearninghowtospeak.Thescientistsbelievethat1couldhelpchildrenwithlearningdisabilities.

1Shesaysmusicaltraininginvolvesputtingtogetherdifferentkindsofinformation,suchashearingmusic,lookingatmusicalnotes,touchinganinstrumentandwatchingothermusicians.Thisprocessisnotmuchdifferentfromlearninghowtospeak.2

Shefurtherexplainsmusicaltrainingandlearningtospeakeachmakeusthinkaboutwhatwearedoing2.Shesaysspeechandmusicpassthroughastructureofthenervoussystemcalledthebrainstem.3Untilrecently,expertshavethoughtthebrainstemcouldnotbedevelopedorchanged.ButProfessorKranssandherteamfoundthatmusicaltrainingcanimproveaperson”sbrainstemactivity.

Thestudyinvolvedindividualswithdifferentlevelsofmusicalability.Theywereaskedtowearanelectricaldevicethatmeasuresbrainactivity.TheIndividualsworetheelectrodewhiletheywatchedavideoofsomeonespeakingandapersonplayingamusicalinstrument--thecello.4Thestudyfoundthatthemoreyearsoftrainingpeoplehad,themoresensitivetheyweretothesoundandrhythmofthemusic3.Thosewhowereinvolvedinmusicalactivitieswerethesamepeopleinwhomtheimprovementofsensoryeventswasthestrongest.5Shesaysusingmusictoimprovelisteningskillscouldmeantheyhearsentencesandunderstandfacialexpressionsbetter.

词汇：

retardationn.滞后cellon.大提琴

noten.音符rhythmn.节奏

electroden.电极sensoryadj.知觉的，感官的

解释：

1．scientistsbelievethatcouldhelpchildrenwithlearningdisabilities：科学家发觉，音乐训练、对学习上有障碍的儿童有帮忙。that是从句“thatcouldhelpchildrenwithlearningdisabilities”中的主语。that指代上一句的developingmusicalskillsinvolvesthesameprocessinthebrainaslearninghowtospeak。withlearningdisabilities是定语，修饰children。

2．musicaltrainingandlearningtospeakeachmakeUSthinkaboutwhatwearedoin9：音乐训练和学习说话这两者都使我们思索我们正在所做的事。each指musicaltrainin9和learningtospeak中的任何一个。句子的主语是musicaltrainingandlearningtospeak，所以，谓语动词是复数的。

3．themoreyearsoftrainingpeoplehad，themoresensitivetheyweretothesoundandrhythmofthemusic：人们承受音乐训练的年份越长，其对音乐声音和节奏的敏感性也越高。people是前半旬中的主语。

练习：

ABothinvolvedifferentsenses.

BNinaKrausisaneurobiologist(~E~:~)atNorthwesternUniversityinIllinois.

CSomedisabledchildrenattended~themusicaltrainingClass.

DItshowstheimportanceofmusicaltrainingtochildrenwithlearningdisabilities.

EProfessorKrausssayscelloshavesoundqualitiessimilartosomeofthesoundsthatareimportantwithspeech.

FThebrainstemcontrolsourabilitytohear.

答案与题解：

1．B“空l”后面的句子的主语是代词she，说明“空l”的句子中有一个女性的名字。选项B有NinaKraus(Nina“尼娜”是女性名字)，句子的内容是介绍NinaKraus，与后面句子的意思配得上。B是答案。

2．A本段的其次、三句说，音乐训练和学习这两件事没有什么很大的不同。选项A的“Both

involvedifferentsenses”解释了为什么这么说，由于两者都涉及不同的感官，也就是上文所列举的“hearingmusic”(耳听)，“lookingatmusicalnotes／watchingothermusicians”(眼看)，“touchinganinstrument”(手触)等。

3．F在六个选项中，选项F的句子中消失特指的thebrainstem，说明前文已消失过这个词语。这是篇章写作中常用的词汇连接方式。从意义上看，选项F的句子是解释上文提到的brainstem的功能。上下文意思连贯，所以是答案。

4．E同上面第三题的解释一样，选项E的句子