常用有机溶剂共沸点

乙醚的性质1.乙醚为无色、透明、易流动的液体，挥发性极大，它的蒸气有芳香味，但有麻醉性。沸点34.6°C、凝固点一116C，所以能耐剧冷而不凝冻。比重很轻，在15C时为0.720。微溶于水，能溶于乙醇、苯、氯仿等有机溶剂中。常用有机溶剂共沸点溶剂沸点/°c共沸点/°c 含水量/%氯仿61.256.12.5甲苯110.585.020四氯化碳77.066.04.0正丙醇97.287.728.8苯80.469.28.8异丁醇108.489.988.2丙稀腈78.070.013.0二甲苯137-40.592.037.5二氯乙烷83.772.019.5正丁醇117.792.237.5乙睛82.076.016.0吡啶115.594.042乙醇78.378.14.4异戊醇131.095.149.6乙酸乙酯77.170.48.0正戊醇138.395.444.7异丙醇82.480.412.1氯乙醇129.097.859.0乙醚353410二硫化碳46442.0甲酸10110726溶剂mpbpD420nD20Aceticacid乙酸171181.0491.37166.1512.91.68Acetone丙酮-95560.7881.358720.716.22.85Acetonitrile乙腈-44820.7821.344137.511.13.45Anisole苯甲醚-31540.9941.51704.33331.38Benzene苯 5800.8791.50112.2726.20.00Bromobenzene溴苯-311561.4951.55805.1733.71.55Carbondisulfide二硫化碳-112461.2741.62952.621.30.00

Carbontetrachloride四氯化碳-23771.5941.46012.2425.80.00Chlorobenzene氯苯-461321.1061.52485.6231.21.54Chloroform氯仿-64611.4891.44584.81211.15Cyclohexane环己烷6810.7781.42622.0227.70.00Dibutylether丁醚-981420.7691.39923.140.81.18o-Dichlorobenzene邻二氯苯-171811.3061.55149.9335.92.271,2-Dichloroethane1，2-二氯乙烷-36841.2531.444810.36211.86Dichloromethane二氯乙烷-95401.3261.42418.93161.55Diethylamine二乙胺-50560.7071.38643.624.30.92Diethylether乙醚-117350.7131.35244.3322.11.301,2-Dimethoxyethane1，2-二甲氧基乙烷-68850.8631.37967.224.11.71N,N-DimethylacetamideN,N-二甲基乙酰胺-201660.9371.438437.824.23.72N,N-DimethylformamideN,N-二甲基甲酰胺-601520.9451.430536.719.93.86Dimethylsulfoxide二甲基亚砜191891.0961.478346.720.13.901,4-Dioxane1，4-二氧六环121011.0341.42242.2521.60.45Ethanol乙醇-114780.7891.361424.512.81.69Ethylacetate乙酸乙酯-84770.9011.37246.0222.31.88Ethylbenzoate苯甲酸乙酯-352131.0501.50526.0242.52.00Formamide甲酰胺32111.1331.4475111.010.63.37Hexamethylphosphoramide72351.0271.458830.047.75.54Isopropylalcohol异丙醇-90820.7861.377217.917.51.66isopropylether异丙醚-60681.36Methanol甲醇-98650.7911.328432.78.21.702-Methyl-2-propanol2-甲基-2-丙醇26820.7861.387710.922.21.66Nitrobenzene硝基苯62111.2041.556234.8232.74.02Nitromethane硝基甲烷-281011.1371.381735.8712.53.54Pyridine吡啶-421150.9831.510212.424.12.37tert-butylalcohol叔丁醇25.582.51.3878Tetrahydrofuran四氢呋喃-109660.8881.40727.5819.91.75Toluene甲苯-951110.8671.49692.3831.10.43Trichloroethylene三氯乙烯-86871.4651.47673.425.50.81Triethylamine三乙胺-115900.7261.40102.4233.10.87Trifluoroaceticacid三氟乙酸-15721.4891.28508.5513.72.262,2,2-Trifluoroethanol2，2，2-三氟乙醇-44771.3841.29108.5512.42.52Water水01000.9981.333080.13.71.82o-Xylene邻二甲苯-251440.8801.50542.5735.80.62CommonOrganicSolvents:TableofProperties1,2,3SolventformulaMWboilingpoint(°C)meltingpoint(°C)density(g/mL)solubilityinwater(g/100g)DielectrieConstant3,4flashpoint(oC)aceticacidCHO24260.0511816.61.049Miscible6.1539acetoneCHO3658.0856.2-94.30.786Miscible20.7(25)-18acetonitrileCHN2341.0581.6-460.786Miscible37.56benzeneCH6678.1180.15.50.8790.182.28-11

SolventformulaMWboilingmelting solubilitydensityDielectricflashpoint(°C)point(°C)(g/mL)inwater(g/100g)Constant3,4point(oC)1-butanolCHO41074.12117.6-89.50.816.317.8352-butanolCHO41074.1298—1150.8081515.8(25)262-butanoneCHO4872.1179.6-86.30.80525.618.5-7t—butylalcoholCHO4 1074.1282.225.50.786Miscible12.511carbontetrachlorideCCl4153.8276.7-22.41.5940.082.24--chlorobenzeneCHCl65112.56131.7-45.61.10660.052.7129chloroformCHCl3119.3861.7-63.71.4980.7954.81--cyclohexaneCH61284.1680.76.60.779<0.12.02-201,2—dichloroethaneCHCl24298.9683.5-35.31.2450.86110.4213diethyletherCHO41074.1234.6-116.30.7137.54.34-45diethyleneglycolCHO4103106.12245-101.1181031.7143diglyme(diethyleneglycolCHO134.17162-680.943Miscible7.2367dimethylether)6 1431,2—dimethoxy—ethane(glyme,DME)CHO410290.1285-580.868Miscible7.2-6dimethyletherCHO2646.07—22-138.5NANANA-41dimethyl—formamide(DMF)CHNO3773.09153-610.944Miscible36.758dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO)CHOS2678.1318918.41.09225.34795dioxaneCHO48288.11101.111.81.033Miscible2.21(25)12ethanolCHO2646.0778.5-114.10.789Miscible24.613ethylacetateCHO48288.1177-83.60.8958.76(25)-4ethyleneglycolCHO26262.07195-131.115Miscible37.7111glycerinCHO38392.0929017.81.261Miscible42.5160heptaneCH716100.2098-90.60.6840.011.92-4Hexamethylphosphoramide(HMPA)CHNOP6 183179.20232.57.21.03Miscible31.3105HexamethylphosphorousCHNP163.20150-440.898Miscible??266183

SolventformulaMWboilingmeltingdensity(g/mL)solubilityinwater(g/100g)DielectrieConstant3,4flashpoint(oC)point(°C)point(°C)triamide(HMPT)hexaneCH61486.1869-950.6590.0141.89-22methanolCHO432.0464.6-980.791Miscible32.6(25)12methylt-butylether(MTBE)CHO51288.1555.2-1090.7415.1??-28methylenechlorideCHCl2284.9339.8-96.71.3261.329.081.6N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone(NMP)CHHNO5999.13202-241.033103291nitromethaneCHNO3261.04101.2-291.3829.5035.935pentaneCH51272.1536.1-129.70.6260.041.84-49Petroleumether(ligroine)----30-60-400.656-----301-propanolCHO3888.1597-1260.803Miscible20.1(25)152-propanolCHO3888.1582.4-88.50.785Miscible18.3(25)12pyridineCHN5579.10115.2-41.60.982Miscible12.3(25)17tetrahydrofuran(THF)CHO4872.1166-108.40.886307.6-21tolueneCH7892.14110.6-930.8670.052.38(25)4triethylamin