2022-2023学年湖南省重点中学高三（下）第六次月考英语试卷-普通用卷

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年湖南省重点中学高三（下）第六次月考英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）A阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

AllabouttheFIFAWorldCup：athrillingfestivaloffootballGetreadyforthespectacularsportingeventwithourfact-packedtournamentguide.On20November，theFIFAWorldCuptournamentkicksoffinQatar.AroundfivebillionfootballfansaroundtheworldareexpectedtowatchliveonTVasthebestmen'steamsbattleitoutforfootball'sultimateprize.

Whoaresomeofthestarplayerstowatch？

FromSonHueng-mintoGarethBale，therewillbemoretoptalentonshowthaneverinthistournament.It'sthefirsttimeteamscantakeasquadof26players，ratherthantheusual23.Sadly，it'slikelytobethelastWorldCupfortwoofthegreatestplayersinthegame：LionelMessiandCristianoRonaldo.It'sachanceforsomefreshtalenttoshine，however：lookoutforyoungerplayerssuchasEngland'sJudeBellingham，Germany'sJamalMusialaandPedriforSpain.

WhichteamswillbeattheWorldCup？

Thirty-twoteamswillcompeteforthetrophy.Forthefirsttimeever，Qatarwilltakepartinthetournament.Ashosts，theyqualifiedautomaticallybuttheother31teamshadtowinanumberofqualifyingmatches.ThenextWorldCupin2026willbeevenbigger—forty-eightteamswillbeincompetition.

Whichteamsarethefavouritestowin？

Francearethecurrentchampionsandoneofthefavouritestowinagainwithastar-studdedsquadfeaturingstrikersKylianMbappeandKarimBenzema.OtherEuropeanteamshopingtodowellincludeEngland，Germany，PortugalandSpain.Argentina，BrazilandSenegalaresomeofthestrongestnationsoutsideEurope.WalesareplayingintheirfirstWorldCupsince1958，butScotlandandNorthernIrelanddidnotqualify.

Howdoesthetournamentwork？

The32teamshavebeendrawnintoeightgroupsoffour.Theteamsineachgroupplayeachotheronceinamini-league，andthetoptwofromeachgroupprogresstotheknockoutstage.Teamsmustwinthatgame，thenaquarter-finalandasemi-finaltoreachthefinalon18December.AswellastheWorldCuptrophyforthewinningteam，thereareindividualtrophiesforthebestplayer（GoldenBall）andtopscorer（GoldenBoot）.England'sCaptainHarryKanewontheGoldenBootin2018.

WhatconditionswillplayersfaceinthisWorldCup？

Sincethefirstmen'sWorldCupin1930，thetournamenthasbeenplayedinJuneandJuly.However，Qatarissohotinthesummerthatthe2022competitionwasmovedtoNovemberandDecember，whenit'scooler.It'sstillwarm，though，andeachoftheeightstadiumshasair-conditioning.Itwilltaketheequivalentof100bathtubsofwateradayjusttokeepthepitchesinthestadiumsgreen.

Aswellasabrand-newcityandairport，sevenspectacularnewstadiumswerebuiltforthisWorldCup.LookoutfortheAhmadbinAliStadium，whichglowsdifferentcoloursatnight；theAlJanoubStadium，whichisdesignedtolooklikethesailsofatraditionalQatariboat；andastadiumbuiltfrom974recycledshippingcontainers.Whenthewhistleblowsforthefinalinonemonth'stimeattheLusailIconicStadium，England'sHarryKaneisoneofmanyteamcaptainswhoaredreamingbig."Wehavetobelievewecanwinit，"hesaid."What'sthepointofgoingtoaWorldCupandnotbelievingthatyoucanbringthetrophyhome？"1.WhoislikelynottoattendthenextWorldCupin2026？______A.LionelMessi. B.GarethBale. C.SonHueng-min. D.KarimBenzema.2.WhichofthefollowingisCORRECTaccordingtothepassage？______A.48teamsareinQatarWorldCupcompetition.

B.GoldenBootwillbeawardedtothebestplayer.

C.Qatarhastowinanumberofqualifyingmatchestobequalified.

D.TwofootballteamsintheUKparticipateinthe2022WorldCup.3.WhicharethefacilitiesinthisWorldCup？______A.Abrand-newairport.

B.100bathtubsforplayers.

C.AtraditionalQatariboatforvisitors.

D.Eightstadiumswithoutair-conditioning.B

AnelderlycoupleintheUKclaimedthattheywereheldhostagebyapairofseagullsnestingontheroofoftheirhome.Everytimetheytriedtoleave,thebirdswouldbecomeaggressiveandattackthem.

Onetime,whenRoyPickard,the71-year-oldhusband,decidedtotakehischancesandgooutside,hewashitsohardonthebackoftheheadthathehadtobetakentothehospitalforhelp.Localauthoritieshaveinstalledagazebooutsidethecouple'shome,whichshouldoffersomeprotection.That'sthebesttheycandofornow.

"Thewholethinghasbeenterrible,"Roytoldreporters."I'venotbeenabletogooutofthefrontdoor.IfItrytogetoutofthedoor,thetwoadultbirdsarerightthere,andI'vegotnochance.It'sreallyfrightening.Mywifeisn'twellatthemoment,sowe'rerelyingonmetogetout."Luckily,thePickards'garageisconnectedtotheirhouseandhecangetoutthroughtherewhenheneedstodosomeshopping,buthedoesn'tdaregetoutofthecartoclosethegaragedoor,sohealwaysleavesitopenuntilhecomesback.

RoyhascomplainedaboutthesituationtoboththelocalauthoritiesandanimalorganizationsliketheRSPCAandRSPB,buttheirsolutionshavenotbeenveryhelpful.TheWyerCouncilsaysthatseagullsareprotectedwhilenesting,soalltheycandoistrytomakethecouple'slifebearablebyinstallingagazeboandmakingarrangementssothatthe77-year-oldwife,Brenda,canreachherprivateappointmentssafely.Unfortunately,animalorganizationswouldn'thelpthePickardseither.Fornow,alltheycandoiswaitforthechickstoflyaway."TheRSPCAandRSPBhavebeennohelpwhatever.Theyseemtoputtherightsofthesebirdsabovethoseofpeople,whichisridiculous,"Roysaid.4.WhatistheproblemfacingthePickards?A.Thedooroftheirgaragecan'tbeclosed.

B.Theycan'twalkoutbecauseoftheseagulls.

C.Theirpetbirdsoftenattackthemaggressively.

D.Aflockofbirdsnestedontheroofoftheirhouse.5.Whatdidlocalauthoritiesdotohelpthecouple?A.Tellthemtowaituntilthebirdsflyaway.

B.Buildagazebotoprovidesomeprotection.

C.Sendpeopletoguardthemoutsidethehome.

D.Makearrangementsforthemtohaveappointments.6.WhatcanweknowabouttheWyerCouncilaccordingtothetext?A.Itwantstoprotecttheseagulls.

B.Itislookingforanidealsolution.

C.ItwillhelpRoydosomeshopping.

D.Ithopesthecouplecanleadasimplelife.7.WhatcanbeinferredfromRoy'swordsinparagraph4?A.TheRSPCAandRSPBareuseless.

B.Birdsaremorevaluablethanhumans.

C.Itisridiculousforpeopletohelpothers.

D.Royisdisappointedwiththeauthorities'actions.CWakingupveryearlymightsoundexhaustingtolaterisers，butcananightowlbecomeanearlybird？Itispossibletomaketheswitch，butit'snoteasy，saidMichelleDrerup，directorofbehavioralsleepmedicineattheClevelandClinic."Atruenightowldoesn'treallyfeelgreatearlyinthemorningwhentheywakeup，especiallywhenthey'restartingtochangethis."

Aperson'stendencytobeanightowl，earlybirdorsomeplaceinbetweenisknownastheirchronotype.Dependingontheirchronotype，peoplearelikelytobemoreawakeandalertduringcertaintimesofthedayandsleepierduringothers.Chronotypeisdeterminedbyacombinationofnatureandnurture（养育），scientistshavefound.Onthenatureside，anumberofgenesareknowntoplayrolesindeterminingwhetherapersonpreferstobeawakelateatnightorearlyinthemorning.

Environmentalsoplaysalargerole.Peopletendtoparticipateindailyactivitiesthatreinforcetheirchronotype，Drerupsaid.Forexample，nightowlsfeelmoreproductiveandalertatnight，sotheytendtoexerciseandsocializeintheevening.Theseactivitiesarestimulatingandreinforcetheperson'stendencytostayuplate.

Theenvironmentbeinganimportantfactor，itispossibletochangeyoursleep-wakecycle.Ifyouwanttowakeupearlier，makethechangegradually.Dreruprecommendedslowlyshiftingyourwake-upalarmearlierby15to20minuteseveryfewdaysoverthecourseofseveralweeksuntilyou'readjustedtoyouridealschedule.Consistencyisthekey.

Limitexposuretolightinthehourbeforebed，suchasbystayingawayfromscreens，Drerupsaid.Lightblocksthebody'sproductionofmelatonin，ahormone（激素）thatregulatesourcircadianrhythm（昼夜节律）.Andinthemorning，trytogetexposuretolightassoonasyouwakeup，toendmelatoninproduction.Avoidstimulatingactivitieslateintheevening.Insteadofexercisingatnight，tryworkingoutinthemorningorafternoon.Youmayalsoneedtoshiftyourmealtimestoearlierintheday.

Ifbeinganightowlworksforyou，thereisactuallynoreasontochangeyoursleepschedule.Butstayinguplatebecomesaproblemwhenyoumustwakeupearlyforworkandschool.Itcanalsoincreaseyourriskofdevelopinghealthproblems.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutnightowls？______A.Theyfeelbadwhiletryingtomakeaswitch.

B.Theirsleepinghabitisfixedandcan'tbechanged.

C.Theytendtobemoreawakeandalertthanearlybirds.

D.Theirhabitofsleepinglatecanbeworsenedbymanyactivities.9.Whatistheword"chronotype"usedtodescribe？______A.Aperson'ssleepingpatterns.

B.Aperson'sbehaviorduringsleep.

C.Aperson'stendencytostayactive.

D.Aperson'sabilitytoadapttosomething.10.Whatcanhelpchangeanightowlintoanearlybirdaccordingtothetext？______

a.Stopdoingexerciseatnight.

b.Setthealarmclockearliersometimes.

c.Stayawayfromscreensbeforegoingtobed.

d.Avoidactivitiesthatmakethemexcitedatnight.A.abc B.abd C.acd D.bcd11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout？______A.Therisksofsleepinglate.

B.Howtoleadahealthylife.

C.Thebenefitsofbecominganearlybird.

D.Howtochangethesleepscheduleofnightowls.DNewresearchsuggeststhatyourcatislikelytobeusingsoundstokeeptrackofwhereyouareevenwhenyou'reoutofsight.Domesticated（驯养的）catscreate"mentalmaps"thattrackwheretheirownerislocatedbasedonthedirectionofcertainsounds，whichisanabilitythatwaspreviouslyunknownincats.

StudyauthorSahoTakagi，adoctoralstudentatKyotoUniversity，saysshehaslongbeeninterestedincats'hearingandtheirabilitytomovetheirearsindifferentdirections."Isawacatwithonlyoneofitsearstilted（倾斜）backlisteningtothesoundbehindit，andfeltthatcatsmustbethinkingaboutmanythingsfromthesound，"Takagisaid."Thistime，Itriedtofindoutwhethertheymaptheirowner'spositionfromsounds."

Theteamconductedaseriesofexperimentstofindoutifcatsactivelytracktheirownerusingsignalslikesounds.Theyplayedrecordingsofhumanvoicescallingacat'snamefromdifferentlocations.Forexample，anearbyspeakerwouldannounce，"Fluffy!"，suggestingtothekittythattheownerwasclose，andthenaspeakerinadifferentroomwouldplaythesamemessageagain.Thecatsappearedsurprisedbythevoicecomingfromanunexpectedlocation，suggestingthatdomesticatedcatsmapthepositionoftheirhumancompanionsusingaudiosignals，evenwhenthey'reinthenextroom.

Earlierstudieshaveshownthatcatscantellfamiliarandunfamiliarhumanvoicesapart，andlocatehiddenobjects.Therefore，"itseemsplausiblethatcatsshouldbeabletomentallymapothers'locationsbasedonsounds，"theresearchersexplain.

Catsaren'ttheonlyanimalsthatcankeeptrackofsomethingthatisoutofsight，whichisanabilitycalledobjectpermanence.Humanchildrenusuallystarttodeveloptheskillaroundeightmonthsold，andpreviousresearchhasalsofoundobjectpermanenceinotheranimals."Itisgenerallybelievedthatcatsarenotasinterestedintheirownerasdogsare，butitturnsoutthattheywerementallyrepresentingtheinvisiblepresenceoftheirowner，"TakagitoldCNN.12.WhydidSahoTakagidothisresearchwithherteammembers？______A.Toanalyzehowsoundsaffectcats'hearing.

B.Tosatisfyhercuriosityaboutthehearingabilityofcats.

C.Tostudyhowcatskeeptrackoftheirownersinbigrooms.

D.Toobservewhethercatscouldfindtheirownersbysound.13.Howdidtheteamdotheexperiments？______A.Theyletownersindifferentroomsshouttheircats'namesoutloud.

B.Theyputspeakersinafewlocationsandaskedthecatstofindthem.

C.Theyplayedrecordingsofcatowners'voicesindifferentlocations.

D.Theyplayedrecordingsofallkindsofhumanvoicesatthesametime.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"plausible"probablymeaninthefourthparagraph？______A.Doubtful. B.Surprising. C.Reasonable. D.Unbelievable.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext？______A.Dogscangivemorelovetotheirownersthancats.

B.Catsprobablyimaginethelocationoftheirownersintheirminds.

C.Exceptforhumans，objectpermanencehasonlybeenfoundincats.

D.PreviousresearchhasgotsimilarconclusionsaboutcatstothoseofTakagi's.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Onlinedebates，conductedonvirtualplatformsontheInternet，havesomehowtakenoverinbeingbeneficial，ascomparedtoreallifedebates，formanyreasons.Forexample，theyfavormorein-depthanalysis—Thisoneisespeciallyforthemainparticipantsinthedebate.Theyputforwardtheirviewsfromaplacewherethey'recomfortablyseated.（1）______Thatiswhyonlinedebaterscancomprehendandthinktheircompetitors'argumentswhiletheywritedowntheirownpointsofview.

（2）______Youdon'tneedtofindaplaceorarrangefortheaudiencetobeseated.Theexpertsandopinionformersdon'tneedtotakeanentiredayoutfromtheirbusyschedulestocometothevenueandspeak.（3）______

Onlinedebatesleavealastingimpression.Thedebatesandthecommentsonthemarearchived（存档）bythedebatewebsiteandanyonewhowantstogetbacktothediscussioncandosoatanytime.（4）______Thisisbecauseitcanallbeseenagainonthewebsite，includingeveryword，everyargument.

Also，iftherearesomedevelopmentsontheissue，thenacommentontheissuewilltellalltheparticipantstogetbacktothedebate.（5）______It'slikekeepingthedoorsopentopeoplewhowanttolearnmoreandshare.

A.Onlinedebatesaremuchquickertoorganize.

B.Theabilitytocommentallowspeopletosharetheirviews.

C.Thereisnochanceofapointdiscussedslippingfromthemind.

D.Inotherwords，thegoodtopicsforadebatewillneverbeoutofdate.

E.Onanonlinedebatingplatform，acitizensharesthespacewithleadingthinkers.

F.Besides，theyhavetimeandmeanstoexplorefurtherbeforesharingtheirthoughts.

G.Allthat'sneededisatopicandexpertswhocantakeouttimetowritesomewordsonthetopic.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Byday，RobertTittertonisalawyer.Inhissparetimethoughhegoeson（1）______besidepianistMariaRaspopova—notasamusicianbutasher（2）______."I'mnotatrainedmusician，butI'velearntto（3）______musicsoIcanhelpMariainherperformance."

Mr.TittertonischairmanoftheOmegaEnsemblebuthasbeenthegroup'sofficialpageturnerforthepastfouryears.Hisjobisto（4）______besidethepianistandturnthepagesofthescoresothemusiciandoesn'thaveto（5）______theflowofsoundbydoingitthemselves.Hesaidhebecamejustasnervousasthoseplayinginstrumentsonstage.

"Alotofskillsareneededforthejob.Youhavetomakesureyoudon'tturn（6）______pagesatonceandmakesureyoufindtherepeatsinthemusicwhenyouhaveto（7）______therightspot."Mr.Tittertonexplained.

Beingapageturnerrequiresplentyofpractice.Somepiecesofmusiccan（8）______for40minutesandrequireupto50pageturns，includingbackturnsforrepeatpassages.Silentonstagecommunicationis（9）______.andeachpianisthastheirownstyleof"nodding"to（10）______apageturnwhichtheyneedtopracticewiththeirpageturner.

But（11）______allperformances，therearemomentswhenthingsgowrong."Iwasturningthepagetogetreadyforthenextpage，butthedraftwindfromtheturncausedthesparepagestofalloffthe（12）______，"Mr.Tittertonsaid，"LuckilyIwasabletocatchthemandputthemback."

Mostpageturnersarepianostudentsorup-and-comingconcertpianists，althoughMs.Raspopovahasonceaskedherhusbandtohelpheroutonstage."Myhusbandisthe（13）______pageturner，"shelaughed."He's（14）______inthemusic，feelingevery（15）______，andIhavetosay：'Turn，turn!'RobertisthebestpageturnerI'vehadinmyentirelife."21.

A.musical B.stage C.performance D.practice22.

A.pageturner B.assistant C.dancer D.supporter23.

A.compose B.enjoy C.read D.evaluate24.

A.interpret B.sit C.sing D.focus25.

A.break B.follow C.resist D.change26.

A.your B.all C.two D.those27.

A.catchupwith B.boildownto C.makeuseof D.gobackto28.

A.play B.go C.sound D.flow29.

A.key B.serious C.possible D.obvious30.

A.deny B.predict C.indicate D.mix31.

A.above B.despite C.besides D.like32.

A.piano B.stand C.head D.concert33.

A.last B.first C.worst D.former34.

A.caught B.trapped C.disappointed D.absorbed35.

A.note B.line C.part D.repeat四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

LaoGanMaFoodCompany（1）______（found）inGuiyang，GuizhouProvincein1984.Itscreator，TaoHuabi，（2）______faceappearsoneachbottleofthechili（红辣椒）oil，hasrecentlydrawnpublicattentionagain.NearlyeveryChinesepersonknowsLaoGanMa，ahugelypopularchilioilthathittheshelvesin1996.Often（3）______（use）inaterribledish，（4）______smallspoonofLaoGanMacansavethedishandturnitintosomethingtasty.

LaoGanMafound（5）______（it）wayintosupermarketsnotonlyinChina，butalsoinforeigncountrieswhereitalsohasmany（6）______（follow）.OnA，LaoGanMaisrated4.9outof5stars.ManyforeignersclaimthatLaoGanMaisthebestchilisaucetheyhaveevertasted.

Taostartedherbusiness（7）______theageof50，（8）______（base）herrecipeontraditionalchilioilfromGuizhou.LikeGree'spresidentDongMingzhu，whoalsostartedherbusinesscareermuch（9）______（late）thanherpeers，Taoisagoodexampletoyoungpeople，especiallywomen，attempting（10）______（achieve）theirdreams.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假定你是Daniel，昨天放学后搭乘11路公交车回家。该公交车司机有不文明行为，让乘客很愤怒。于是你打算向公交车公司写一封投诉信。要点如下：

（1）司机的不文明行为（开车接打电话、紧急刹车、态度粗鲁等）；

（2）希望尽快查清此事。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式作答。

Towhomitmayconcern，

Yourssincerely，Daniel38.It

had

been

a

year

since

Susan，

an

attractive

young

woman

of

34，

became

blind

and

she

was

suddenly

thrown

into

a

world

of

darkness，

anger，

frustration

and

self

pity．

And

all

she

had

to

cling

to

was

her

husband，

Mark．

Mark，

an

Air

Force

officer，

loved

Susan

with

all

his

heart

and

he

was

determined

to

help

his

wife

gain

the

strength

and

confidence

she

needed

to

become

independent

again．

Finally，

Susan

felt

ready

to

return

to

her

job，

but

how

would

she

get

there？

Mark

volunteered

to

drive

her

to

work

each

day，

even

though

they

worked

at

opposite

ends

of

the

city．

At

first，

this

comforted

Susan．

Soon，

however，

Mark

decided

that

Susan

had

to

start

taking

the

bus

again

on

her

own．

But

she

was

still

so

fragile，

so

angry

-

how

would

she

react？

Just

as

he

predicted，

Susan

was

horrified

at

the

idea

of

taking

the

bus

again．

"How

am

I

supposed

to

know

where

I

am

going？

I

feel

like

you're

abandoning

me．"

she

responded

bitterly．

Mark's

heart

broke

to

hear

these

words，

but

he

knew

what

had

to

be

done．

He

promised

Susan

that

he

would

ride

the

bus

with

her，

for

as

long

as

it

took，

until

she

got

the

hang

of

it．

For

two

solid

weeks，

Mark，

in

military

uniform

and

all，

accompanied

Susan

to

and

from

work

each

day．

He

taught

her

everything

to

adapt

to

her

new

environment，

including

befriending

the

bus

drivers

who

could

watch

out

for

her，

and

save

her

a

seat．

Finally，

Susan

decided

to

try

the

trip

on

her

own．

Monday

morning

arrived，

she

said

good-bye

to

Mark，

and

for

the

first

time，

they

went

their

separate

ways．

Monday，

Tuesday，

Wednesday，

Thursday…Each

day

on

her

own

went

perfectly，

and

Susan

had

never

felt

better．

She

was

doing

it!

On

Friday

morning，

as

she

was

paying

the

fare

to

get

off

the

bus

as

usual，

the

driver

said，

"Young

lady，

I

sure

do

envy

you．"

Surprised

and

curious，

she

asked

the

driver，

"Why

do

you

say

that

you

envy

me？"

注意：

1．

所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2．

应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词；

3．

续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；

4．

续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语．

Paragraph

1：

The

driver

responded，

"It

must

feel

good

to

be

taken

care

of

and

protected

like

you

are

every

day．"

Paragraph

2：

Tears

of

happiness

poured

down

Susan's

cheeks．

答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、D、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一个标题Who

are

some

of

the

star

players

to

watch？中第三句Sadly，it's

likely

to

be

the

last

World

Cup

for

two

of

the

greatest

players

in

the

game：Lionel

Messi

and

Cristiano

Ronaldo

.（遗憾的是，这可能是足球比赛中两位最伟大的球员：莱昂内尔梅西和克里斯蒂亚诺罗纳尔多的最后一次世界杯。）可知，2022年世界杯可能是莱昂内尔梅西和克里斯蒂亚诺罗纳尔多的最后一次世界杯，他们可能不会参加2026年的下一届世界杯。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二个标题Which

teams

will

be

at

the

World

Cup？中第一句Thirty-two

teams

will

compete

for

the

trophy.（32支队伍将争夺奖杯。）可知，有32支球队参加了卡塔尔世界杯的比赛，故A项错误；根据第四个标题How

does

the

tournament

work？中第四句As

well

as

the

World

Cup

trophy

for

the

winning

team，there

are

individual

trophies

for

the

best

player（Golden

Ball）

and

top

scorer

（Golden

Boot）.（除了为获胜球队颁发的世界杯奖杯外，还有最佳球员（金球奖）和最佳射手（金靴）的个人奖杯。）可知，最佳球员将被授予金杯，故B项错误；根据第二个标题Which

teams

will

be

at

the

World

Cup？中第二、三句For

the

first

time

ever，Qatar

will

take

part

in

the

tournament.As

hosts，they

qualified

automatically

but

the

other

31

teams

had

to

win

a

number

of

qualifying

matches.（卡塔尔将有史以来第一次参加世界杯。作为东道主，他们自动晋级，但其他31支球队必须赢得一些预选赛。）可知，卡塔尔自动晋级，无需赢得预选赛，故C项错误；根据第三个标题Which

teams

are

the

favourites

to

win？中后两句Other

European

teams

hoping

to

do

well

include

England，Germany，Portugal

and

Spain.Argentina，Brazil

and

Senegal

are

some

of

the

strongest

nations

outside

Europe.Wales

are

playing

in

their

first

World

Cup

since

1958，but

Scotland

and

Northern

Ireland

did

not

qualify.（其他希望取得好成绩的欧洲球队包括英格兰、德国、葡萄牙和西班牙。阿根廷、巴西和塞内加尔是欧洲以外实力最强的国家。威尔士自1958年以来首次参加世界杯，但苏格兰和北爱尔兰未能晋级。）可知，英国有两支足球队（英格兰队和威尔士队）参加了2022年世界杯。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句As

well

as

a

brand-new

city

and

airport，seven

spectacular

new

stadiums

were

built

for

this

World

Cup.（除了一座崭新的城市和机场，七座壮观的新体育场也为本届世界杯而建造）可知，本届世界杯的设施包括一个全新的机场。结合选项A.A

brand-new

airport.一个全新的机场；B.100

bathtubs

for

players.100个浴缸供玩家使用；C.A

traditional

Qatari

boat

for

visitors.一艘传统的卡塔尔游客船；D.Eight

stadiums

without

air-conditioning.8个没有空调的体育场。分析可知，A项符合文意。故选A。

本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2022年卡塔尔世界杯的相关信息。

做阅读时首先要通读全文，理解文章大意，然后带着问题到原文中找信息句，仔细研究问题和跟问题有关的句子，琢磨其意思，选出正确答案。

4~7.【答案】B、B、A、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了英国一对老年夫妇被在屋顶筑巢的海鸥当作人质，不准他们出门。到目前为止，他们没有得到相关部门的有效的帮助，更糟糕的是动物组织似乎把动物的权利置于人的权利之上。

1.

根据第一段AnelderlycoupleintheUKclaimedthattheywereheldhostagebyapairofseagullsnestingontheroofoftheirhome.Everytimetheytriedtoleave,thebirdswouldbecomeaggressiveandattackthem.（英国一对老年夫妇声称，他们被一对筑巢在自家屋顶上的海鸥劫持为人质。每次它们试图离开时，这些鸟就会变得具有攻击性并攻击它们。）可知，Pickards一家面临的问题是因为海鸥，他们不能出门，故选B。

2.

根据第二段Localauthoritieshaveinstalledagazebooutsidethecouple'shome,whichshouldoffersomeprotection.（当地政府已经在这对夫妇的家外安装了一个凉亭，应该可以提供一些保护。）可知，当地政府建一个凉亭来提供一些保护，以帮助这对夫妇，故选B。

3.

根据最后一段TheWyerCouncilsaysthatseagullsareprotectedwhilenesting,soalltheycandoistrytomakethecouple'slifebearablebyinstallingagazeboandmakingarrangements(Wyer委员会表示，海鸥在筑巢的时候是受到保护的，所以他们所能做的就是安装一个凉亭以及做一些安排）可知，Wyer委员会想要保护海鸥，故选A。

4.

根据最后一段TheRSPCAandRSPBhavebeennohelpwhatever.Theyseemtoputtherightsofthesebirdsabovethoseofpeople,whichisridiculous（RSPCA和RSPB根本帮不上忙。他们似乎把这些鸟的权利置于人的权利之上，这太荒谬了）可推知，Roy对当局的行动感到失望，故选D。

8~11.【答案】A、A、C、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"A

true

night

owl

doesn't

really

feel

great

early

in

the

morning

when

they

wake

up，especially

when

they're

starting

to

change

this."（"一个真正的夜猫子在早上醒来的时候不会感觉很好，尤其是当他们开始改变这一点的时候。"）可知，夜猫子在尝试改变的时候感觉很糟糕。故选A。

（2）推理判断题。根据第二段前两句A

person's

tendency

to

be

a

night

owl，early

bird

or

some

place

in

between

is

known

as

their

chronotype.Depending

on

their

chronotype，people

are

likely

to

be

more

awake

and

alert

during

certain

times

of

the

day

and

sleepier

during

others.Chronotype

is

determined

by

a

combination

of

nature

and

nurture（养育），scientists

have

found.（一个人倾向于成为夜猫子、早起鸟或介于两者之间的人被称为他们的睡眠类型。根据他们的睡眠类型，人们可能在一天中的某些时间更清醒和警觉，而在其他时间更困。）可知，chronotype用来描述一个人的睡眠模式。结合选项A.A

person's

sleeping

patterns.一个人的睡眠模式；B.A

person's

behavior

during

sleep.人在睡眠中的行为；C.A

person's

tendency

to

stay

active.一个人保持活跃的倾向；D.A

person's

ability

to

adapt

to

something.一个人适应某事的能力。分析可知，A项符合文意。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Limit

exposure

to

light

in

the

hour

before

bed，such

as

by

staying

away

from

screens，Drerup

said.Light

blocks

the

body's

production

of

melatonin，a

hormone（激素）

that

regulates

our

circadian

rhythm（昼夜节律）.And

in

the

morning，try

to

get

exposure

to

light

as

soon

as

you

wake

up，to

end

melatonin

production.Avoid

stimulating

activities

late

in

the

evening.Instead

of

exercising

at

night，try

working

out

in

the

morning

or

afternoon.You

may

also

need

to

shift

your

meal

times

to

earlier

in

the

day.（Drerup说，睡前一小时要限制暴露在光线下的时间，比如远离屏幕。光线会阻碍身体褪黑激素的产生，褪黑激素是一种调节昼夜节律的激素。早上，一醒来就去晒太阳，结束褪黑激素的分泌。避免在深夜进行刺激性活动。不要在晚上锻炼，试着在早上或下午锻炼。你可能还需要把吃饭时间提前。）可知，帮助夜猫子变成早起的鸟的活动包括睡觉前远离屏幕、晚上不要做运动、避免深夜进行刺激性活动。结合选项a.Stop

doing

exercise

at

night.晚上不要做运动；b.Set

the

alarm

clock

earlier

sometimes.有时把闹钟调早一点；c.Stay

away

from

screens

before

going

to

bed.睡觉前远离屏幕；d.Avoid

activities

that

make

them

excited

at

night.避免让他们在晚上兴奋的活动。分析可知，acd属于帮助夜猫子变成早起的鸟的活动。故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段第一句Waking

up

very

early

might

sound

exhausting

to

late

risers，but

can

a

night

owl

become

an

early

bird？（早起对晚起的人来说可能听起来很累，但夜猫子能变成早起的鸟吗？）和倒数第二段Limit

exposure

to

light

in

the

hour

before

bed，such

as

by

staying

away

from

screens，Drerup

said.Light

blocks

the

body's

production

of

melatonin，a

hormone（激素）

that

regulates

our

circadian

rhythm（昼夜节律）.And

in

the

morning，try

to

get

exposure

to

light

as

soon

as

you

wake

up，to

end

melatonin

production.Avoid

stimulating

activities

late

in

the

evening.Instead

of

exercising

at

night，try

working

out

in

the

morning

or

afternoon.You

may

also

need

to

shift

your

meal

times

to

earlier

in

the

day.（Drerup说，睡前一小时要限制暴露在光线下的时间，比如远离屏幕。光线会阻碍身体褪黑激素的产生，褪黑激素是一种调节昼夜节律的激素。早上，一醒来就去晒太阳，结束褪黑激素的分泌。避免在深夜进行刺激性活动。不要在晚上锻炼，试着在早上或下午锻炼。你可能还需要把吃饭时间提前。）可知，本文主要讲述了如何从夜猫子变成早起的人。结合选项A.The

risks

of

sleeping

late.睡懒觉的风险；B.How

to

lead

a

healthy

life.如何过健康的生活；C.The

benefits

of

becoming

an

early

bird.早起的好处；D.How

to

change

the

sleep

schedule

of

night

owls.如何改变夜猫子的睡