初中英语教材解读人教九年级上册单元专题整合宾语从句

什么是宾语从句？试比较：We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s谓v谓v宾o宾o宾语从句就是用一个句子来构成主句的宾语

主s谓v宾o简单句复合句DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut?Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.Pleasetellme

whereshehasgone.Idon’tknowifhewillcometonight.Let’sfindoutwhat’sontonight.FindouttheObjectClauses（找出宾语从句）句子结构：

1.that主句+引导词

2.where等疑问词+从句

3.whether/if________________________

主句部分+

引导词+从句部分学好宾语从句过好“四关”：第一关:引导词

that

if/whether（是否）

特殊疑问词(what..)从句是陈述句

(口语中常省略）从句是一般疑问句从句是特殊疑问句宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：（看从句）注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略e.g.1.Ihear(that)

hewillbebackinanhour.2.Hesaid(that)

hemissedusverymuch.1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句(2)DoesKategetupearly?Doyouknow?Doyouknowif/whetherKategetsupearly?(1)IsJimagoodstudent?

Idon’tknow．Idon’tknowif/whetherJimisagoodstudent.２．当一般疑问句充当宾语时，由________

连接．if/whethereg:注意：只能用whether不用if的三种情况一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：①与ornot连用：

Heaskedme

whetherornot

Iwascoming.②在介词之后：

Itdepends

onwhether

itis

goingtorain.③在不定式之前：

Wehaven’tdecided

whetherto

gothere.3.由连接代词Who,

whom,

whose,

which，what和连接副词where,

how,

why,

when引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Doyouknowwhosebookitis?2.Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhaveameeting.3.Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?4.Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。2.宾语从句中时态的变化Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.heisinterestedinEnglish.shewillcometomorrow.TomhasbeentoLondontwice.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。HewillgotoHongKong.Heissick.Heisreadingabook.Hehasfinishedhiswork.HesaidHehadfinishedhiswork.HewouldgotoHongKong.Hewassick.Hewasreadingabook.

当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.SummerisafterSpring.theearthmovesaroundthesun.

Hetoldme(that)Wekmew(that)Theteachertoldus(that)第二关:宾语从句的语序宾语从句必须用陈述句语序。即：主句部分+引导词+____+____+____谓语1.WheredidhemeetJim?IwanttoknowIwanttoknow_________________________2.Isthecatlikeatigerornot?SheaskedSheasked________________________ornot.?wherehemetJim.whetherthecatwaslikeatiger其他主语

Doesheworkhard？Iwonder.→Iwonderifheworkshard.

Whendidheleave？Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhenheleft.①陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid（that）hewasanhonestboy.②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：

如果当一些固定句式或who等在从句中做主语时,语序本身就是“主语+谓语”,即从句部分顺序不变.

Whatisthematterwith……..?Whatiswrongwith………?Whichisthewayto……..?Whatisinthebox?Whoisonduty?

注意事项eg:Idon'tknowwhoisonduty.

could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。注意事项Couldyoutellmewherehelives?Couldyoutellmehowhe________(go)toschooleveryday?goes宾语从句三要素引导词that+陈述句

if／whether+一般疑问句

(陈述语序）

特殊疑问词+特殊疑问句(陈述语序）时态主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时从句一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理时态不变Findoutthemistakesandcorrect.1.Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?

2.SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3.Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.

4.Doyouknowwhocaritis?

wasiswhose1.--Couldyoutellmehowlong__thebook?--Threedays.A.IcankeepB.CanIborrowC.IcanborrowD.CanIkeep2.Iwanttoknow___yesterday?A.whydidyoucomelateB.whyyoucamelateC.whydoyoucomelate.D.whyyoucomelate3.--Couldyoutellme__tomorrowmorning?--Well,itwillstartat9:00.A.whenthemeetingwillstartB.wherewillthemeetingstartC.wherethemeetingstart

D.whenwillthemeetingstartChoosetherightanswers4.Canyoutellme

?A.whatwillwedoB.wewilldowhatC.whatwewilldoD.willwedowhat

5.—Doyouknow___forShanghailastnight?---At9:00.whattimeheleavesWhattimedoesheleaveC.WhattimeheleftD.Whattimedidheleave3.玛丽想知道你能否帮她？

Marywantstoknowifyoucanhelpher.2.你能告诉我你住哪里吗？

Canyoutellmewhereyoulive?

1.我想知道你喜欢什么颜色

Iwanttoknowwhatcolouryoulike.

Translate4.Danny说他明天出发去上海DannysaysthathewillleaveforShanghaitomorrow.5.我想汤姆已经完成作业了

Ithink

thatTomhasfinishedhishomework.(一)问题当主句的谓语动词是“think,believe,guess”，主句主语是第一人称(即：I、we)时，从句是否定概念时,必须把否定前移.e.g：我认为他不会来了I__________________________________________第四关：几个不可忽视的问题don’tthinkthathewillcome.2.我们相信这鸭子不会走路.Wedidn’t____________theduck______________couldwalk.believethat其它问题

didsheIdon’tthinkheisserious,_________?isheIbelievehecanfinishitontime,____________?can’the否定的转移：

当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,guess,suppose等词时，其后面的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上。如：Idon’tthinkheisright.我认为他不对。附加疑问句（反意疑问句）：1.一般根据主句的谓语动词判断：如：Shedidn’tsaythathewouldcomehere,________?2.当主句主语为I,we，主句动词为suppose,believe，think等，则根据从句判断，但肯、否定形式根据主句判断：标点符号的确定：带有宾语从句的主从复合句的标点符号取决于主句。主句是陈述句:。HeaskedmewhereIwentjustnow.

问句：？Doyouknowwhenhe’llbeback?

(二)由疑问词“when,who,what,how等引导的宾语从句与简单句“疑问词+不定式”的互相转换.1.Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonextIdon’tknow_______________next2.Wedidn’tknowwhetherwecouldgoornot.Wedidn’tknow________________ornot.3.Lucyhasn’tdecidedwhichcuptochoose

Lucyhasn’tdecided_________________choose.whattodo

whichcupshewillwhethertogo/can(三)如果从句中含有or或ornot时，只能用whether而不用if；(四)

宾语从句的标点符号得看主句.即主句是疑问句则用“?”,主句是陈述句则用“.”四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别

1.宾语从句:ifwhen

2.状语从句:条件状语从句if时间状语从句when

是否什么时候(即特殊疑问词)如果从句时态根据主句而定当……时时态: