初中英语人教新目标七年级上册Pronunciation音标教学

Jul9th,20101音素和国际音标

1．什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。2．音素的分类：元音和辅音。3．音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。4．什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。音标放在(//),

或（11）以免和字母混淆5．什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音协会规定的一套音标，用来

记录世界各主要语言的语音。Jul9th,201027.开音节：辅音+元音+辅音+e:name,bike,home,due,

plane,shineb)辅音+元音:he,go,hi,do,be,tree,three,hello8.闭音节：辅音+元音+辅音:bad,bed,sit,hot,cup,let,mad,mapb)元音+辅音:it,is,of,in,on,up,out,ant9.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。Jul9th,201038.闭音节：辅音+元音+辅音:bad,bed,sit,hot,cup,let,mad,mapb)元音+辅音:it,is,of,in,on,up,out,antJul9th,20104开闭音节记忆口诀开音节，音节开，一元字母在后排；（即辅音+元音）不怕一辅堵后门，还有哑e在；辅音字母堵后门，一元字母音短门外；（即辅音+元音+辅音+e）A，E,I,O,U,就发字母本身音；（/eɪ/，/i:/，/aɪ/；/əʊ/；

/ju/）闭音节，音节闭，一元字母生闷气急；A，E,I,O,U,发音要变化；（/æ/、/e/、/ɪ/、/ɒ//ʌ/）Jul9th,20105你能判断哪个是开音节，哪个是闭音节吗？：辅音+元音+辅音+e:name,bike,home,due,

plane,shineb)辅音+元音:he,go,hi,do,be,tree,three,hello8.闭音节：辅音+元音+辅音:bad,bed,sit,hot,cup,let,mad,mapb)元音+辅音:it,is,of,in,on,up,out,ant9.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。元音和辅音的定义：发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。Jul9th,201061.

音标必须写在括号里，常用的音标括号有斜头和平头两种，其上端不顶第一线，大致与大写字母相齐，下端在第三格的中间。2.

音标没有书写体，也没有大小写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一样，直上直下，没有斜度。Jul9th,20107音标的书写元音Vowel（20个）（单元音12个）前元音

/i:/

/ɪ//e//æ/

中元音

/ʌ//ɜ:/

/ə/后元音

/ɑ:/

/ɔ:/

/ɒ/

[u:]

/ʊ/

元音Vowel（20个）（单元音12个）长元音：

/i:/

/ɜ:/

/ɑ://ɔ://u:/短元音/ɪ//æ//e//ə//ʌ//ɒ//ʊ/

双元音(8个)

：/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ//əʊ//aʊ//ɪə//eə//ʊə/辅音(10对20个

清浊)/p//t//k//f//s//b//d//g//v//z/

辅音(10对20个（清浊)/θ//ʃ//tʃ//tr//ts//ð//ʒ//dʒ//dr//dz/

练一练tooth/tu:θ/think/θɪnŋk/this/ðɪs/that/ðæt/shooes/ʃu:z/treasure/`treʒə/peach/pi:tʃ/jacket/`dʒækɪt/train/treɪn/dream/driːm/coats/kəʊts/birds/bɜ:dz/辅音（单个8个）/m//n/

/ŋ/

/ǀ//h//r/

/j//w/young/jʌŋ/yes/jes/apple/`æpl/small/smɔ:l//`swetə//`traʊzə(r)z//dʒi:`ɒgrəfɪ/

26个英文字母及发音音标如下:Aa[eɪ]Bb[bi:]Cc[si:]Dd[di:]Ee[i:]Ff[ef]Gg[dʒi:]Hh[eɪt∫]Ii[aɪ]Jj[dʒeɪ]Kk[keɪ]Ll[el]Mm[em]Nn[en]Oo[əu]

26个英文字母及发音音标如下:Pp[pi:]Qq[kju:]Rr[ɑ:]Ss[es]Tt[ti:]Uu[ju:]Vv[vi:]Ww[′dʌblju:]Xx[eks]Yy[waɪ]Zz[zi:][zed]

26个英文字母及发音音标如下:Aa[eɪ]Bb[bi:]Cc[si:]Dd[di:]Ee[i:]Ff[ef]Gg[dʒi:]Hh[eɪt∫]Ii[aɪ]Jj[dʒeɪ]Kk[keɪ]Ll[el]Mm[em]Nn[en]Oo[əu]Pp[pi:]Qq[kju:]Rr[ɑ:]Ss[es]Tt[ti:]Uu[ju:]Vv[vi:]Ww[′dʌblju:]Xx[eks]Yy[waɪ]Zz[zi:][zed]

1)含元音音素[eɪ]字母:AaHhJjKk音标:[ei][eit∫][d3ei][kei]2)含元音音素[i:]字母:BbCcDdEeGgPpTtVv音标:[bi:][si:][di:][i:][d3i:][pi:][ti:][vi:]

3)含元音音素[e]字母:FfLlMmNnSsXxZz音标:[ef][el][em][en][es][eks][zed]4)含元音音素[ju:]字母:UuQqWw音标:[ju:][kju:][`d∧blju:]5)含元音音素[ai]字母:IiYy音标:[ai][wai]Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm20学习音标之前先来搞清楚发音的部位：/i:/eesee/si:/beef/bi:f/tree/tri:/green/gri:n/

eaeat/i:t/sea/si:/tea/ti:/please/pli:z/

iechief/tʃi:f/field/fi:ld/piece/pi:s/thief/θi:f/

ehe/hi:/she/ʃi:/we/wi:/these/ði:z//ɪ/ibig/bɪg/it/ɪt/kid/kɪd/pig/pig/以y/ey结尾twenty/twenti/monkey/mʌŋki/money/mʌni//e/ehen/hen/egg/eg/red/red/pen/pen/

eahead/hed/ready/redi/bread/bred/ breakfast/brekfəst//æ/abag/bæg/cap/kæp/can/kæn/fat/fæt/前4号元音的发音特点是：声带振动，嘴型越来越大。Part1–学习前4号单元音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm21/p/p

清辅音pig/pig/cap/kæp/park/pɑ:k//b/b浊辅音bag/bæg/bee/bi:/boy/bɔɪ//t/t清辅音it/ɪt/tiger/taɪgə/table/teibl//d/d

浊辅音dog/dɒg/desk/desk/door/dɔ://k/c/ck/k

清辅音week/wi:k/cat/kæt/cock/kɒk//g/g

浊辅音bag/bæg/good/gʊd/green/gri:n/Part2–学习前3对辅音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm22/ɑ:/aclass/klɑ:s/father/fɑ:ðə/pass/pɑ:s/vase/vɑ:z/arcar/kɑ:/card/kɑ:d/park/pɑ:k/party/pɑ:ti/

/ʌ/ubus/bʌs/cup/kʌp/duck/dʌk/ocome/kʌm/some/sʌm/mother/mʌðə/

outouch/tʌtʃ/young/jʌŋ/country/kʌtri//ɒ/odog/dɒg/not/nɒt/cock/kɒk/shop/ʃɒp/

awant/wɒnt/wash/wɒʃ/what/wɒt/Part1–5-10号单元音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm23/ɔ:/aall/ɔ:l/ball/bɔ:l/call/kɔ:l/tall/ɔ:l/alchalk/tʃɔ:k/walk/wɔ:k/talk/tɔ:k/orfork/fɔ:k/horse/hɔ:s/sword/sɔ:d/aucause/kɔ:z/pause/pɔ:z/fault/fɔ:lt/awdraw/drɔ:/law/lɔ:/hawk/hɔ:k//ʊ/u

look/lʊk/

put/pʊt/pull/pʊl/sugar/ʃʊgə/

oo

book/bʊk/cook/kʊk/good/gʊd/look/lʊk//u:/oo

cool/ku:l/food/fu:d/school/sku:l/zoo/zu:/

ou

soup/su:p/group/gru:p/through/θru:/

uijuice/dʒu:s/fruit/fru:t/

ublue/blu:/glue/glu:/5-10号元音的发音特点是：声带振动Part1–5-10号单元音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm24/ɔ:/aall/ɔ:l/ball/bɔ:l/call/kɔ:l/tall/ɔ:l/alchalk/tʃɔ:k/walk/wɔ:k/talk/tɔ:k/orfork/fɔ:k/horse/hɔ:s/sword/sɔ:d/aucause/kɔ:z/pause/pɔ:z/fault/fɔ:lt/awdraw/drɔ:/law/lɔ:/hawk/hɔ:k//ʊ/u

look/lʊk/

put/pʊt/pull/pʊl/sugar/ʃʊgə/

oo

book/bʊk/cook/kʊk/good/gʊd/look/lʊk//u:/oo

cool/ku:l/food/fu:d/school/sku:l/zoo/zu:/

ou

soup/su:p/group/gru:p/through/θru:/

uijuice/dʒu:s/fruit/fru:t/

ublue/blu:/glue/glu:/5-10号元音的发音特点是：声带振动Part1–5-10号单元音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm25/ɔ:/aall/ɔ:l/ball/bɔ:l/call/kɔ:l/tall/ɔ:l/alchalk/tʃɔ:k/walk/wɔ:k/talk/tɔ:k/orfork/fɔ:k/horse/hɔ:s/sword/sɔ:d/aucause/kɔ:z/pause/pɔ:z/fault/fɔ:lt/awdraw/drɔ:/law/lɔ:/hawk/hɔ:k//ʊ/u

look/lʊk/

put/pʊt/pull/pʊl/sugar/ʃʊgə/

oo

book/bʊk/cook/kʊk/good/gʊd/look/lʊk//u:/oo

cool/ku:l/food/fu:d/school/sku:l/zoo/zu:/

ou

soup/su:p/group/gru:p/through/θru:/

uijuice/dʒu:s/fruit/fru:t/

ublue/blu:/glue/glu:/5-10号元音的发音特点是：声带振动Part1–5-10号单元音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm26/f/f

清辅音farm/fɑ:m/five/faɪv/fire/faɪə/knife/naɪf/

ph

清辅音phone/fəʊn/photo/fəʊtəʊ//v/v浊辅音five/faɪv/vase/vɑ:z/drive/draɪv/very/veri//s/c清辅音face/feɪs/ice/aɪs/nice/naɪs/rice/raɪs/

s清辅音see/si:/sit/sit/sew/səʊ/study/stʌdi//z/s

浊辅音vase/vɑ:z/please/pli:z/easy/i:zi/z

浊辅音zip/zip/zoo/zu:/zebra/zebrə/zero/zɪərəʊ//θ/th

清辅音math/mæθ/month/mʌnθ/mouth/maʊθ//ð/th

浊辅音this/ðis/that/ðæt/those/ðəʊz/these/ði:z/Part2–学习另3对辅音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm27Part1:学习11-12号单元音单元音:/ə//ɜ:/

学习18-20号双元音双元音：/ɪə//eə//ʊə/Part2:学习另2对辅音+3个单独辅音并了解其发音口型和部位，分清清辅音和浊辅音的区别。辅音：/ʃ/&/ʒ/;/tʃ/&/dʒ/;/m//n/

/ŋ/掌握本课所学音标，并且掌握字母组合发音的规则及相关的例词；课程安排:

Lesson4–学习2个单&3双元音和7个辅音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm28/ɜ:/erher/hɜ:/term/tɜ:m/

irbird/bɜ:d/girl/gɜ:l/skirt/skɜ:t/first/fɜ:st/orword/wɜ:d/work/wɜ:k/

urnurse/nɜ:s/fur/fɜ://ə/aabout/əbaut/sofa/səufə/China/tʃainə/

eopen/əupən/travel/’trævəl/

ordoctor/dɒktə/actor/æktə/er

teacher/ti:tʃə/farmer/fa:mə/driver/draɪvə/mother/mʌðə/Part1–学习11-12号单元音18-20号双元音职业的结尾or或erJul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm29/ɪə/earear/ɪə/dear/dɪə/hear/hɪə/tear/tɪə/eerbeer/bɪə/deer/dɪə//eə/airair/eə/chair/tʃeə/hair/heə/pair/peə/arecare/keə/dare/deə/share/ʃeə/earbear/beə/pear/peə//ʊə/oorpoor/pʊə/tour/tʊə/uresure/ʃʊə/assure/ə’ʃʊə/Part1–学习11-12号单元音18-20号双元音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm30/ʃ/sh

清辅音fish/fɪʃ/ship/ʃɪp/shoes/ʃu:z/wish/wiʃ//ʃ/s

清辅音sure/ʃʊə//ʒ/s浊辅音measure/meʒə/pleasure/pleʒə//tʃ/ch清辅音chess/tʃes/child/tʃaɪld/chick/tʃɪk//dʒ/g

浊辅音age/eɪdʒ/magic/mædʒɪk/page/peɪdʒ/

j

浊辅音jam/dʒæm/jeep/dʒi:p/jump/dʒʌmp//m/m浊辅音math/mæθ/month/mʌnθ/mouth/maʊθ//n/

n

浊辅音no/nəʊ/number/nʌmbə/knee/ni:/nine/naɪn//ŋ/

ng浊辅音morning/mɔ:nɪŋ/sleeping/sli:piŋ/Part2–学习另2对辅音+3个单独辅音26/27/28为鼻辅音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm31Part1:学习13-17号双元音音标

双元音：/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ//əʊ//aʊ/Part2:学习另2对辅音音标并了解其发音口型和部位，分清清辅音和浊辅音的区别。辅音：/tr/&/dr/;/ts/&/dz/

掌握本课所学音标，并且掌握字母组合发音的规则及相关的例词；课程安排:

Lesson5–学习5双元音和2对辅音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm32/eɪ/acake/keɪk/game/geɪm/plane/pleɪn/take/teɪk/plate/pleɪt/wake/weɪk/

snake/sneɪk//əʊ/o

don’t/dəʊnt/go/gəʊ/old/əʊld/rose/rəʊz/

so/səʊ/

oaboat/bəʊt/coat/kəʊt/road/rəʊd/soap/səʊp/

owblow/bləʊ/show/ʃəʊ/know/nəʊ/snow/snəʊ/Part1–学习13-17号双元音音标在以辅音字母+e结尾的开音节中Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm33/aɪ/iI/aɪ/bike/baɪk/drive/draɪv/ice/aɪs/knife/naɪf/

ycry/krai/fly/flai/my/mai/try/trai/sky/skai/

uybuy/baɪ/guy/gaɪ/等其他不规则:eye/aɪ//aʊ/ou

blouse/blaʊz/mouth/maʊθ/south/saʊθ/owcow/kaʊ/flower/flauə/how/haʊ/now/naʊ//ɔɪ/oyboy/bɔɪ/soy/sɔɪ/toy/tɔɪ/oicoin/kɔɪn/noise/nɔɪz/voice/vɔɪs/point/pɔɪnt/Part1–学习13-17号双元音音标在以辅音字母+e结尾的开音节中Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm34/tr/tr

清辅音tree/tri:/train/treɪn/truck/trʌk/true/tru://dr/dr浊辅音drive/draɪv/dragon/drægən/draw/drɔ://ts/ts清辅音boats/bəʊts/coats/kəʊts/cats