医学英语汇总

心脏外科常见疾病中英文对照摘要：心脏外科常见疾病中英文名称对照表。英文缩写英文全称中文名称AFIATRIALHBRILLATION心房纤维颤动AFLATRIALFLU1IbH心房扑动APCATRIALPREMATURECONTRACTIONS心房早期收缩APVABSBJCEOFPULMONARYVALVE肺动脉瓣缺失APVCANOMALOUSPULMONARYVENOUSCONNECTION肺静脉连接异常APVRANOMALOUSPULMONARYVENOUSRETURN肺静脉回流异常ARAOFnriCREGURGITATION主动脉瓣关闭不全ASAOFTTICSTENOSIS主动脉瓣狭窄ASDATRIALSEPTALDbFbCI房间隔缺损AVBAVBLOCK,ATRIO-VBMTRICULARBLCXK房室传导阻滞AVSDATRIOV^TRICULARSEPTALDEFECT房室中膈缺损BAVBlCUSPIDAORTICVALVE双叶性动脉瓣BTBLALOCK-TAUSSIGSHUNTBT分流术CADCORONARYARTERIALDISEASE冠状动脉疾病COACOARCTATIONOFTHEAORTA主动脉窄缩DAADOUBLEAOFTTICARCH双主动脉弓DILVDOUBLE1NLETLEFTVENTRIOLE左心室双入口DIRVDOUBLEINLETRIGHTVENTRICLE右心室双入口DCMDILATEDCARDIOMYOPATHY扩张性心肌病变DOLVDOUBLEOUTLETLEFTVENTRICLE左心室双出口DORVDOUBLEOUTLETRIGHTVENTRICLE右心室双出口DYSDYSRHYTHMIA节律异常、心律不整EBSEBSTEIN'SANOMALYEBSTEIN氏畸形

ECDENDOCARDIALCUSHIONDEFBJT心内膜垫缺损HCMHYPERTROPHICCARDIOMYOPATHY肥厚型心肌病变HLHSHYPOPLASTICLEFTHEAFTTSYNDROME左心发育不良综合征HLVHYPOPLASTICLEFTVENTRICLE左心室发育不全HRVHYPOPLASTICRIGHTVENTRICLE右心室发育不全IAA1NTERRUFTIONOFAORTICARCH匕动脉弓中断IEINFECTIVEBJDOCARDITIS感染性心内膜炎IHSS1DIOPATHICHYPEFTTROPHICSUBAORTICSTENOSIS特发性肥厚性主动脉瓣下狭窄JPCJUNCTIONALPREMATURECONTRACTION房室节早期收缩KDKAWASAKI'SDISEASE川崎病LAALEFTAORTICARCH左主动脉弓LAILEFTATRIALISOMERISM两侧左心房LARLEFTATRIALRHYTHM左心房节律LCALEFTCORONARYARTERYDISEASE左冠状动脉疾病LSVCLEFTSUPERIORVENACAVA左上腔静脉MAMlTRALATRESIA,MlTRALVALVEATRESIA二尖瓣闭锁MAPCAMAINAORTOPULMONARYCOLLATERALARTERIES联接主动脉与肺间的侧枝血管MRMITRALREGURGITATION二尖瓣关闭不全MSMITRALSTENOSIS二尖瓣狭窄MVPMITRALVALVEPROLAPSE二尖瓣脱垂PAPULMONARYATRESIA肺动脉瓣闭锁PABPULMONARYARTERYBANDING(PABANDING)肺动脉绷扎PAPVCPARTIALANOMALOUSPULMONARYVENOUSCONNECTION部份肺静脉连接异常PAPVRPARTIALANOMALOUSPULMONARYVBOJSRETURN部份肺静脉回流异常PDAPATENTDUCTUSAFTTERIOSUS动脉导管未闭PEPERICARDIALEFFUSION心包膜积水PFOPATBJTFORAMENOVALE开放性卵圆孔PHTPULMONARYARTERYHYPERTENSION肺动脉高压

PRPULMONICREGURGITATION肺动脉瓣关闭不全ps\/rPAROXYMALSUPRAVENTRICULARTACHYCARDIA阵发性室上性心搏过速PSPULMONICSTENOSIS肺动脉瓣狭窄PVOPULMONARYVENOUSOBSTRUCTION肺静脉阻塞RAARIGHTAORTICAFICH右主动脉弓RAIRIGHTATRIAL1SOMERISM两侧右心房RCARIGHTCORONARYAFTTERYDISEASE右冠状动脉疾病RCCRIGHTCORONARYCUSPPROLAPSE,RCCPROLAPS右冠状动脉瓣脱垂RDSRESPIRATORTDISTRESSDISEASESYNDROME呼吸窘迫症候群RFRHEUMATICFEVER风湿热RHDRHEUMATICHEARTDISEASE风湿性心脏病SASINGLEATRIUM单心房SBESUBACUTEBACTERIALENDOCARDITIS亚急性细菌性心内膜炎SSSSICKSINUSSYNDROME病窦症候群SVSINGLEVENTRICLE单心室TATRICUSPIDATRESIA,TRICUSPIDVALVEATRESIA三尖瓣闭锁TAPVCTOTALANOMALOUSPULMONARYVBMOUSCONNECTION全部肺静脉连接异常TAPVRTOTALANOMALOUSPULMONARYVENOUSRETURN全部肺静脉回流异常TGATRANSPOSITlONOFTHEGREATARTERIES大动脉转位TOFTETRALCX3YOFFALLOT法洛氏四联症TRTRICUSPIDREGURGITATION三尖瓣关闭不全TSTRICUSPIDSTENOSIS三尖瓣狭窄VPCVENTRICULARPREMATURECONTRACTION心室早期收缩VSDVENTRICULARSEPTALDEFECT室间隔缺损WFWWOLFF-PARKINSON-WHITESYNDROMEWPW症候群CARDIACHIBERNATION心脏冬眠CARDIACSTUNNING心脏顿抑

aspirin阿司匹林MedicalEquipment（医疗器械）ambulance救护车ampoule 安馥bandage 绷带cannula 套管，插管defibrillator除颤器dressing 敷料forceps 钳子gauze 纱布mask 口罩needle 针scissors 剪刀syringe 注射器thermometer体温计wipes 棉球besiderails 床栏hemostaticforceps止血钳icebag 冰袋laryngoscope喉镜sandbag 沙袋sphygmomanometer血压计stethoscope听诊器pacemaker 起搏器capsule胶囊dextrose右旋糖，葡萄糖diazepam安定dopamine多巴胺fursemide吹塞米penicillin青霉素bloodbank血库cardiology心内科cardiovascularsurgery心血管夕卜科in-patientdepartment住院部laboratorydepartment化验科nursingdepartment护理部out-patientdepartment（OPD）门诊registration挂号处operating-room手术室waiting-room候诊室testtube试管NURSING护理first/second/thirdclassattendance-级/二级/三级护理continualoxygenuptake持续吸氧interruptedoxygenuptake间断吸氧take/check/testbloodpressure测血压Medicine（常用药物）Departmentofahospital（医院科室）alcohol酒精ascorbicacid维生素ctaketemperature测体温hypoglycemia低血糖症hyperglycemia高血糖hyperlipemia高血脂heartrate心率pulse脉搏temperature体温respiration呼吸dryrale干啰音moistrale湿啰音heartbeat心跳heartsound心音heartmurmur心脏杂音coma昏迷shock休克vitalsigns生命体征stateofhealth健康状况artery动脉wrist手腕brachial臀部的auscultation听诊percussion叩诊palpation触诊inquiry问诊inspection望诊generalchecking-up全身检查follow-upexamination随访检查consultation会诊diagnosis诊断recovery康复relapse复发focus(复foci)病灶X-rayexaminationX线检查Acidosis酸中毒Administrationn.给药Admissionn.入院Allergic过敏的，患过敏症的Anesthesian.麻醉Antibioticn.抗生素Anus肛门Asthma哮喘Bedpan便盆Bedsore压疮Bloodtransfusion输血Bowel肠Cuff袖带Diabetesmetabolism糖尿病Neurosis神经官能症Viralmyocarditis病毒性心肌炎闭式引流一closeddrainage肥皂水灌肠一soapsudsenema湿热敷一applyinghotsocks冷敷一applyingcoldcompresses酒精擦浴一givinganalcoholspongebath皮内注射一endermicinjection皮下注射一hypertonicinjection肌内注射一intramuscularinjection输血一bloodtransfusion输血浆一plasmatransfusion禁食一absolutediet(fasting)普食一fulldiet流质饮食一liquiddiet低蛋白饮食一low-proteindiet备皮一shavingthepatient飞skin(shinprep)麻醉一anesthesia术前准备一preparingthepatientforthesurgery术后护理一postoperativecare用弹性绷带一applyelasticbandages心肺复苏一cardiopulmonaryresuscitation实验室检查completebloodcount(CBC)全血细胞计数(血常规)Redbloodcellcount(RBC)红细胞计数Whitebloodcellcount(WBC)白细胞计数Hematocrit(HCT)红细胞压积/比容Bloodureanitrogen(BUN)血尿素氮liverfunctiontest(LFTs)肝功能测试「liv「][「f「Ok「「n][test]Kidneyfunction肾功能[「kidni]activatedpartialthromboplastintime(APTT)部分活性凝血时间[任也jyaU[「P。：「「1][田「「mbr'plaestin]Prothrombintime(PT)凝血酶原时间internationalnormalizedratio(INR)国际标准比率：「int「「nae「「n「l][「n「:m「lai「zei「「n][rreirru]highdensitylipoprotein(HDL)高密度脂蛋白lowdensitylipoproteine(LDL)低密度脂蛋白arterialbloodgas(ABG)动脉血气[gaes]ultrasound超声echocardiography心脏彩超[ek「uka：di'rflr「fi]abdominalultrasound腹部超声holtermonitor(Holter)24小时动态心电图「m「nit「]cardiacstresstest心脏运动试验Stres]X-rayX线检查Chestx-ray(CXR)胸片magneticresonanceimaging(MRI)核磁共振影像[maegfnetik][「rez「n「ns]angiogram血管造影computedtomography(CT)计算机断层扫描术chestCT胸部CTheadCT脑部CT[hed]IncreaseCTscan增强CT扫描micropump微量泵bloodgasanalysis血气分析openingsnap:开瓣音|二尖瓣开放拍击音|开放拍节音murmur[Jma:ma]杂音CK-MB 肌酸激酶同工酶(creatinekinase-MB)troponin[?troponin,1trau-]n.肌钙蛋白bloodculture血培养radiograph[9reidisugrarf,-graef]n.射线照片；X光照片chestradiograph:胸片|线检查HolterECGmonitoring:动态心电图cardiaccatheterization:心导管检查coronaryangiography:冠状血管造影术percutaneoustransluminalcoronaryangioplasty:经皮腔内冠脉成形术Radiofrequencycatheterablation:经导管射频消融Percutaneousintracoronarystentimplantation:经皮穿刺冠状动脉内支架安置术cardioversion:心脏电复律defibrillation:除颤ejectionfraction(EF)射血分数科室心血管外科门诊CardiovascularSurgeryClinic门诊OutpatientDept.挂号处Registration门诊治疗室OutpatientTreatmentRoom诊室1ConsultationRoom1急诊科EmergencyDept.急诊抢救室EmergencyRoom药房Pharmacy灌肠室EnemaRoom换药室DressingRoom采血室Bloodcollectionroom客服中心CustomerService内科诊区InternalMedicineConsultingArea内科病房InternalMedicineWard内科InternalMedicineDept./InternalMedicine心脏内科cardiology心脏外科cardiacsurgery夕卜科SurgeryDept./Surgery手术室operatingroom(OR)第一手术室OperatingRoom(1)麻醉恢复室AnesthesiaRecoveryRoom麻醉准备室AnesthesiaPreparationRoom外科病房SurgeryWard小儿心脏科PediatricCardiologyDept.放射科RadiologyDept./RadiologyCT室CTRoomCT检查室CTExaminationRoom数字减影DigitalSubtraction(DSA)磁共振室MagneticResonance(MR)RoomDR摄片室DigitalRadiography(DR)Room导管室CatheterRoom登记处Registration化验室Laboratory/Lab血液常规化验室RoutineTestLabofBloodSample血生化BiochemicalTestofBlood超声科UltrasonographyDept.心电图室ECGRoom病案科MedicalRecordsDept.供应室SupplyRoom病理Pathology病房Ward病区InpatientArea输血科BloodTransfusionDept.血库BloodBank护理部NursingDept./Nursing医务部(处)MedicalAdministrationDivision护理部NursingDept.计算机中心ComputerCenter信息科/信息办公室InformationCenter/InformationOffice病案室MedicalRecordsRoom图书馆Libra寸心电图Electrocardiogram(ECG)心电图[i「lektr「u「ka：di「graBm]NormalECG正常心电图[「n「：m「l]AbnormalECG不正常心电图[aeb'n「:m「l]Sinusrhythm(SR)窦性心律['sainrs][rridrm]Sinustachycardia窦性心动过速['sainrs][rtski'kaidir]Sinusbradycardia窦性心动过缓['sainrs][braedi'kaidir]Sinusarrhythmia窦性心律不齐['sainrs][r'riGmir]Sinusarrest窦性停搏「sain「s]"rest]SinusrhythmwithshortPR窦性心律PR间期缩短['sainrs][rridrm][wid][rr：t]Sicksinussyndrome(SSS)病态窦房结综合征[sik]['sain「s]['sindrrtim]Atrialflutter(AF)心房扑动['eitrid]['flrfr]Atrialfibrillation(Af)心房颤动['eitriH][rfaibri'leirrn]Ventricularflutter心室扑动[ven'trikjulr]['flrtr]Ventricularfibrillation(VF)心室颤动[ven'trikjulr][rfaibri'leirrn]Rightbundlebranchblock(RBBB)右束支阻滞[rait]['brndl][bra：ntr][blrk]Completerightbundlebranchblock(CRBBB)完全右束支阻滞[k「m'pli：t][rait][rbrndl][bra：ntr][blrk]Incompleterightbundlebranchblock不完全右束支传导阻滞[rinkrm'pli：t][rait][pbrndl][bra：ntr][blrk]Firstdegreeatrioventricularblock(AVB)一度房室阻滞[f「：st][di'gri：][「eitri「□ven'trikjulr][blrk]Seconddegreeatrioventricularblock二度房室阻滞['sekrnd][di'gri：][「eitri「uven'trikjulr][bl「k]Thirddegreeatrioventricularblock三度房室阻滞[3「:d][di'gri：][reitriruven'trikjulr][blrk]SeconddegreetypeI/IIatrioventricularblock二度I/II型房室阻滞['sekrnd][di'gri：][taip][reitriruven'trikjHr][blrk]Leftventricularhypertrophy(LVH)左室肥厚[left][ven'trikjulr][hai'pr-trrfi]rightventricularhypertrophy(RVH)右室肥厚rait][ven'trikjulr][hai'pr：trrfi]Biventricularhypertrophy双室肥厚[「baiven'trikjul"[hai'pptrrfi]WideQRSrhythmQRS波增宽[waidH「ri6rH1]ProlongedQTQT间期延长[pr「'Ed]InvertedTwavesT波倒置[in'vptid][weiv]PathologicalQwave病理性Q波[rpaeOr'IrdrikH][weiv]Acutemyocardialinfarction(AMI)急性心肌梗死[r'kju：t][rmair'ka：diH][in'fa：krrn]Oldinferiormyocardialinfarction陈旧性下壁心梗[ruld][in'firrir][[in'fa：krrn]Acuteanteriormyocardialinfarction急性前壁心肌梗死>rkju：t][aen'tirrir][「mai「'ka：dirl][in'fa：krrn]Acuteinferiormyocardialinfarction急性下壁心肌梗死[rrkiu：t][in'firrir][「mai「'ka：dirl][in'fa：krrn]Acuteposteriormyocardialinfarction急性后壁心肌梗死[rrkju：t][prs'tirrir][rmair'ka：dirl][in'fa：krrn]STelevationST段抬高[r©lirvei「「n]AcuteSTelevationmyocardialinfarction(STEMI)急性ST段抬高型心梗[rrkju：t][reli'vei「「n][「mai「'ka：di「l][in'fci：k「「n]AcuteNon-STelevationmyocardialinfarction(NSTEMI)急性非ST段抬高型心梗「rkju：t][nrn][「eli'vei「「n][「mai「'ka：di「l][in'fa：krrn]ST-TchangingST-T改变[,treindHo]Escapebeat逸搏[is'keip][bi：t]Escaperhythm逸搏节律[is'keip]['ridrm]Atrialescapebeat房性逸搏[is'keip][bi：t]Junctionalescapebeat交界性逸搏[,drrOkrrnl][is'keip][bi：t]Ventricularescapebeat室性逸搏[ven'trikjulr][is'keip][bi：t]VentricularTachycardia(VT)室性心动过速[ven'trikjulr][rt£ki'ka：dir]Paroxysmalventriculartachycardia阵发性室性心动过速[rpaBrrk'sizmH][ven'trikjulr][rtaeki'ka^ir]ParoxysmalSupraVentricularTachycardia(PSVT)阵发性室上性心动过速[「paer「k'sizmrl]['su：prr][ven'trikjulr][rtaBki'ka：dir]Lowvoltage低电压[l[-u][rvrultidr]Leftaxisdeviation电轴左偏Jeft][「aeksis][「cH：virei「「n]Rightaxisdeviation电轴右偏[rait][raeksis][rdi：vireirrn]Pacemakersignal起搏脉冲信号['peisrmeikr]['signH]BorderlineECG边缘心电图(介于正常与不正常之间)Jb「：d「「lain]LastECG临终心电图[la：st]Wolf-Parkinson-White(WPW)WPW(预激)综合症[wulf]['pa：kins|-n][wait]Earlyrepolarization(ER)过早复极[['ri：p「ul「rai'zei「「n]Prematureatrialcontraction(PAC)房性期前收缩|「prem「「tru「]['eitriH][krnrfraekr(r)n]Prematureventricularcontraction(PVC)室性期前收缩rpremrrtNr][ven'trikjulr][krnrtraekr(r)n]Junctionalprematurecontraction交界性期前收缩['drrOkrrnI][rpremrrtrurl[k「n「traekr(r)n]Bigeminy二联律[bairdremini]Trigeminy三联律[trai'dHmini]highdegreeAVblock高度房室传导阻滞[hai][dirsri：][ei][vi：][blrk]AVdissociation房室分离[ei][vi：][dirs「usi'ei「「n]常见临床表现1、1、pain疼痛［pein］2、chestpain胸痛［trest］［pein］3、abdominalpain腹痛［aeb'd「minrl］4、nausea恶心［「n「：zi「，「n「:si「］5、dryretching干呕；drai］［'retHo］6、vomit呕吐7、vomitus呕吐物［'vi-mitrs］8、tachypnea呼吸过速［taekip'ni：「］9、dyspnea呼吸困难［disprni：rl10、orthopnoea端坐呼吸［,「：e「up'ni：「］11、apnea呼吸暂停、窒息［aep'ni：r］12、shortnessofbreath呼吸短促r-tnis］［bre0］13、cough咳嗽［k「f］14、drycough干咳15、sputum痰「spju：trm］16、frothysputum泡沫样痰「fr「Si］［'spju：trm］17、nosebleed鼻出血「n「uzbli：d］18、headache头疼「hedeik］19>dizziness头晕［rdizini：s］20、syncope晕厥rsigkrpi］21>coma昏迷［'k「um「］22>hypertension高血压；「haip「「ten「「n］23、highbloodpressure高血压24>hypotension低血压「haip「u「ten「「n］25、lowbloodpressure低血压［l|-u］26、thirst口渴［6「:st］27>fever发烧［28>palpitation心'悸［「paelpi'tei「巾］29>angina心绞痛|aen「gain「］30^insomnia失眠［infsrmni「］31、constipation便秘［「k「nsti'pei「「n］32>diarrhea腹泻［rdaic'ri。33、polyuria多尿34、oliguria少尿［「li'gjurfi「］35、anuria无尿［「「nju「ri「］36、edema浮肿、水肿［i：d：m「］37、pittingedema凹陷性水肿［'pitio］［i：'di：mr］38、allergy过敏［「aelrd用39>cyanosis紫绡，发结［「sai「'nrusis］40^fatigued疲乏无力的[fr'ti：gd]Surgicalcare

外科护理Preoperativecare术前护理Preoperativecare术前护理preoperativeguidance术前指导takebloodpressure测血压preoperativeskinpreparation术前备皮enema灌肠crossmatching交叉配血试验skinsensitivitytest皮试catheterization导尿administrationbeforesurgery手术前给药echocardiography超声心动图ECG心电图chestX-ray胸片laboratorytests实验室检查Postoperativecare术后护理cheekvitalsigns测量生命体征Pulse脉搏Temperature体温Respiratory呼吸BP-bloodpressure血压administration/givedrugs给药giveIVfluids静脉补液ECGmonitoring心电监测nutrition/dietcare饮食护理personalandoralhygiene个人及口腔卫生oxygeninhalation吸氧sputumaspirator吸痰atomization雾化cathetercare尿管护理skincare-preventbedsore皮肤护理一预防褥疮preventionofDVT(deepveinthrombosis)预防深静脉血栓input-outputcharting计出入量documentation护理记录physicaltherapy体疗ventilatorcare呼吸机护理pacemakercare起搏器护理常用药肾上腺素一adrenaline[「'dr「:nla「n]去甲肾上腺素一noradrenalineLn「：rr'dren「l「n]异丙肾上腺素一isoprenaline[,arSrrPrenHrn]多巴胺一dopamine['d「「p「m「：n]阿托品—atropine「3Btr「p「n]硝酸甘油一nitroglycerin[,na「tr「「'gl「SrT「：n]罂粟碱一papaverine[p「'paev「r「:n，-r「n/-'perv-]胃复安（甲氧氯普胺）一metoclopramidedihydrochloride西地兰一deslanoside胺碘酮（可达龙）—amiodarone硝普钠一sodiumnitroprusside[,S「「d「「m]维拉帕米-verapamilLvrfFpaem「I]地西泮一diazepam[daraezipaem]吗啡一morphine「m「rf「：n/'m「:一]哌替咤一pethidine['peGrdrn]芬太尼一fentanyl异丙嗪一promethazine[pr「「'me8「z「：n]尼可刹米一nikethamide洛贝林Tobeline['l「「b「l「：n]可待因一kodeine/codeine」k「「d「：n]氨茶碱一aminophylline[「,m「：n「「'f「I「:n]吠塞米一furosemide甘露醇一mannitol「maen「trl]肝素一heparin「heprr「n]鱼精蛋白一protamine [*pr「「t「m「：n,-m：n]氢化可的松一hydrocortisone[,ha「dr「「'k「：tfz「「n]地塞米松一dexamethasone[,deksr'me©「S「rn]强地松一prednisone「predn「s「「n]甲强龙一solu-medrol胰岛素一insulin 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membraneoxygenation(ECMO体外膜肺氧合fractionofinspiredoxygen(FiO2)吸入氧浓度intermittentpositivepressureventilation(IPPV)间断正压通气CPAP持续正压通气positiveendexpiratorypressure(PEEP) 呼气末正压通气IMV间歇指令通气SIMV 同步间歇指令通气CMV 容量控制BE剩余碱intensivecareunit(ICU)重症监护病房centralvenouspressure(CVP)中心静脉压systolicbloodpressure(SBP收缩压diastolicbloodpressure(DBP)舒张压MAP 平均动脉压PCWP 肺动脉楔压LVEDP左室舒张末压oxygentensioninarterialblood(PaO2) 动脉血氧分压carbondioxidetensioninarterialblood(PaCO2)动脉二氧化碳分压SvO2混合静脉血氧饱和度cardiacoutput(CO)心排出量cardianindex(CI)心排血指数patch补片valvereplacement瓣膜置换mechanicalvalve机械瓣biologicalvalve生物瓣anticoagulanttherapy抗凝治疗thrombolytictherapy溶栓治疗pulmonaryarterybanding(PAB)肺动脉环缩术arterialswitchoperation(ASO)动脉调转术doubleswitchprocedure双调转术Glenn双上腔静脉一肺动脉吻合术Fontan双侧双向腔静脉一肺动脉吻合术TCPC全腔静脉一肺动脉连接intra-aorticballoonspump(IABP)主动脉内球囊反搏percutaneoustransluminalcoronaryangioplasty(PTCA)经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术Coronaryarerybypassgrafting(CABG)冠状动脉旁路移intubation气管插管tracheotomy 气管切开digitalistoxicity洋地黄中毒paradoxicalpulse奇脉lowcardiacoutput(LCO)低心输出量lowoutputsyndrome(LOS)低心排综合征systemicvascularresistance(SVR)体循环阻力(外周)systemicbloodflow(Qs)体循环血量pulmonaryvascularresistance(PVR)肺循环阻力pulmonarybloodflow(Qp)肺循环血量ventricularassistdevice(VAD)心室辅助装置permanentpacemaker永久起搏器heartmonitor心电监护仪ventilator呼吸机ambulatoryelectrocardiography(AECG) 动态心电图transoesophagealechocardiography(TEE) 经食道超声心动图magneticresonanceimaging(MRI)磁共振成像pneumothorax气胸hydrothorax胸腔积液thoracenthesis胸腔穿刺术pericardialeffusion(pe)心包积液subcutaneousemphysema皮下气肿hemoglobinuria血红蛋白尿hematuria血尿bloodystool血便ventriculardilatation心室扩大cardiactamponade心脏压塞angiotensin-covertingenzymeinhibitor(ACEI)血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂vasodilator血管扩张剂beta-blockersB-受体阻滞剂calciumchannelblocker钙通道阻滞剂bloodculture血培养bloodgas血气PTT凝血酶原时间PTA凝血酶原活动度INR国际标准化值cardiacenzymes心肌酶ischemicheartdiseaserheumaticheartdisease(RHD)风心病heartfailure(HF)心力衰竭congestiveheartfailure(CHF)充血性心力衰竭pulmonaryedema肺水肿atelactasis肺不张paroxysmalnocturaldyspnea夜间阵发性呼吸困难hemorrhage出血suddendeath猝死medicalorder医嘱generalanesthesia全麻diuretic利尿剂cardiotonic强心药antihypertensive降压药dessectinganeurysm夹层动脉瘤cerebralembolism脑栓塞cerebralanoxia脑缺氧Downsyndrome唐氏综合症femoralartery股动脉radialartery槎动脉缺血性心脏病心外科常见病CHDcongenitalheartdisease先天性心脏病[krn'drenrtl][ha：t][dr'zr：z]VSDventricularseptaldefect室间隔缺损[ven'tr「kj「什]「septel]['di：fekt]ASDatrialseptaldefect房间隔缺损['a：atrialseptaldefect-ostiumsecundum(secundumASD)继发孔房缺[sr'krndrm]atrialseptaldefect-ostiumprimum(primumASD)原发孔房缺['prarmrm]atrialseptaldefect-sinusvenosusdefect(sinusvenosusASD)静脉窦型房缺「sa「n「sH'v「：nrs]PFOpatentforamenovale卵圆孔未闭「paetnt/'pertnt][fr'reimrn]PAVDatrioventricularcanaldefect-partial部分房室间隔缺损[,eitr「「「ven'trikj「l「][kr'nael]['parH/'pa：-]CAVDatrioventricularcanaldetect-complete完全房室间隔缺损[k.m'pli：t]PHpulmonaryhypertension肺动脉高压「p「lm「nr「][,ha「p「'ten「「n]TGAtranspositionofthegreatarteries大动脉转位[,tragnsp「'z「「n]「。：t「r「]cTGAcorrectedtranspositionofthegreatarteries矫正型大动脉转位[k「'rekt]SVsingleventricle单心室「s「rjgl]「ventr「kl]TOFtetralogyofEallot法洛四联症[te'traelrdri]overridingaorta主动脉骑跨[,「rv「'ra「dHe「'「：tr]rightventricularhypertrophy右心室肥厚[ven'tr「kj「l「][ha「'p「rtr「「f「/-'p「：t-]PDApatentductusarteriosus动脉导管未闭['paetnt/'pertnt]['drktrs][a:'t「r「:rrSrs]TAPVDtotalanomalouspulmonaryvenousdrainage全肺静脉异位引流[r'nrmHrs]【'p「lm「nr「]['v「：n「s]['drernrdr]PAPVDpartialanomalouspulmonaryvenousdrainage部分肺静脉异位引流['par「I/'pa:一]DORVdoubleoutletrightventricle右室双出口「d「bl]['aptlet]['ventrrkl]DCRVdoublechamberedrightventricle右室双腔心rightventricularanomalousmusclebundle右室异常肌束「b「ndl]LVOTOrightventricularoutflowobstruction右室流出道梗阻['a「tfl「「][O'str「krn]Eisenmenger'ssyndrome艾森曼格综合症['arsrn,meorez]「s「ndr「「m]Ebstein'sanomaly三尖瓣下移畸形[「'n「mHr]Cortriatriatum三房心「k「：]aneurysm动脉瘤「aenju：riz「m]leftatrialmyxomas左房粘液瘤[m「k's「「m「]dissectinganeurysm夹层动脉瘤[d「'sekt]ruptureofaorticsinusalaneurysm主动脉窦瘤破裂[T「pt「「(r)][er'r:tik]['sa「nrsl]PTApermanenttruncusarteriosus永存动脉干]'p「rm「n「t/'p「：m-]rheumaticheartdisease风湿性心脏病[ru：,maetrk]valvularheartdisease心脏瓣膜病I'vaelvj「I「]

Alaorticinsufficiency主动脉瓣关闭不全[,「ns「'f「「ns「]ASaorticstenosis(valve)主动脉瓣狭窄[st「'n「「sis]aorticstenosis-subvalvular主动脉瓣狭窄-瓣下型aorticstenosis-supravalvular 主动脉瓣狭窄-瓣上型[,su：prr'vaelvjrlr]CoAcoarctationoftheaorta主动脉缩窄[k「「'a：ktei「n][e「'「：t「]Mlmitralinsufficiency二尖瓣关闭不全['ma「tr「l][,「ns「'f「「ns「]MSmitralstenosis二尖瓣狭窄MVPmitralvalveprolapse二尖瓣脱垂【vaelv][prrr'laeps/'prrHaeps]Tltricuspidinsufficiency三尖瓣关闭不全[tra」krsprd]TStricuspidstenosis三尖瓣狭窄TAtricuspidatresia三尖瓣闭锁：Hr]PSpulmonarystenosis肺动脉瓣狭窄PApulmonaryatresia肺动脉闭锁absentpulmonaryvalve肺动脉瓣缺如」aebs「nt]coronaryarteryfistula冠状静脉瘦['a：anomalouscoronaryartery冠状动脉起源异常[「'n「m「l「s]APWaortopulmonarywindow肺动脉窗[e-「："JprlmmEcoronaryarterydisease冠心病endocarditis心内膜炎Lend「「ka:'da「t「s]dextrocardia右位心[,dekstr「'ka：'d「]心外科常见手术Atrialseptaldefectrepair房缺修补Ventricularseptaldefectrepair室缺修补TotalrepairoftetralogyofEallot法四根治Rightventricularoutflowtractaugmentation右室流出道加宽Pulmonaryarterybandremoval肺动脉交界切开Rightventricularinfundibulectomy右室漏斗部切除Repairofdoubleoutletrightventricle右室双出口修复Repairoftotalanomalouspulmonaryveins全肺静脉异位引流修复Repairoftransposition大动脉转位修复Coarctationrepair主动脉缩窄修复Aorticvalvuloplasty主动脉瓣成形Aorticvalvereplacement主动脉瓣置换Subaorticstenosisresection主动脉瓣下狭窄切除Mitralvalvuloplasty二尖瓣成形Mitralvalvereplacement二尖瓣置换Tricuspidvalvuloplasty三尖瓣成形Tricuspidvalvereplacement三尖瓣置换TricuspidvalverepositioningforEbsteinanomalyEbstein畸形三尖瓣折叠RossprocedureRoss手术Repairofaorto-pulmonarywindow主肺动脉窗修补Ftepairofcortriatriatum三房心修复术Wstemictopulmonaryarteryshunt体肺动脉分流术Arterialswitchoperation心房调转手术Arterialswitchoperation动脉调转手术心血管内科常用英文Symptoms症状chestdistress胸闷breathlessness气促precordialchestpain心前区胸痛retrosternallychestpain胸骨后胸痛occasionallyepigastricorintersc叩ular上腹部的/肩胛间的senseofimpendingdeath濒死感Signs体征Vitalsigns生命体征pulserate脉律droppedbeat脉搏短细temperature:fever/clammyperipheries四肢湿冷lossofconsciousness,unconsciousness意识丧失ticoflimbs四肢抽搐gatism,urinaryandfecalincontinence大小便失禁cardiac叩ex(4/5thICS-MCLordisplacedlaterally)心尖thrill震颤cardiacdilatation心脏扩大largerightatrium右房大dilatedleftventricle左室大heartsounds:S1,S2,S3,S4gallop奔马律，systolicclick收缩期卡嗒音，openingsnap(二尖瓣)开瓣音,pericardialknock心包叩击音heartmurmur心脏杂音systolic/diastolic/continouscrescendo/decrescendo递增/递减pitch音调quality性质pericardialfrictionrub,pericardialrub心包摩擦音inspiratorycrepitationsoverthelungbases,basalcrackles月初正湿口罗音wheezingrale哮鸣音cardiomegaly心脏肥大elevatedvenouspressuredistentionofjugularvein,jugularfilling,jugularvaricosity颈静脉怒张/充盈hepatojugularrefluxsign肝颈静脉回流征ascites腹水edemaoflowerextremity下肢水肿Hypertensivedisease高血压病sphygmomanometer；bloodpressuregauge,BPG血压计stethoscope听诊器hypertension：primaryhypertension；secondaryhypertension；chronickidneydisease,CKDdrugs:non-steroidanti-inflammatorydrug,NSAID非俗体类抗炎药glucocorticosteroids糖皮质激素mineralcorticoid,MCH盐皮质激素hyperthyrea,hyperthyroidism,hyperthyrosis甲状腺功能亢进sleepapneasyndrome睡眠呼吸暂停综合征diabetesmellitus糖尿病coarctationofaorta,COA主动脉缩窄isolatedsystolichypertension单纯收缩期高血压hypertensiveemergencies高血压急症hypertensiveurgencies高血压亚急症hypertensivecrisis高血压危象hypertensiveencephalopathy高血压性脑病Thecoronarycirculationleftanteriordescendingartery,LADleftcircumflexcoronaryartery,LCXrightcoronaryartery,RCACoronaryarterydisease;coronaryheartdisease,CAD,CHD冠心病atherosclerosis动脉粥样硬化atheromatousplaques动脉粥样斑块plaquerupture斑块破裂anginapectoris心绞痛stableanginapectoris稳定性心绞痛variantanginapectoris变异性心绞痛silentmyocardialischemia无症状心肌缺血（latentcoronaryheartdisease隐匿性冠心病）myocardialbridging心肌桥post-infarctionanginapectoris梗死后心绞痛acutecoronarysyndrome,ACS急性冠脉综合征unstableanginapectoris,UAP不稳定心绞痛rest静息型，new/initial初发型，accelerated恶化型acutemyocardialinfarction,AMI急性心肌梗死non-STsegmentelevationMl,NSTEMISTsegmentelevationMl,STEMIsuddencardiacdeath,SCD心脏性猝死dysfunction/ruptureofpapillarymuscle乳头肌功能不全/断裂ruptureofchordaetendineae腿索断裂ruptureoftheheart.cardiacrupture心脏破裂embolism栓塞（systemic体循环的）cardiacaneurysm心脏室壁瘤postinfarctionsyndrome心肌梗死后综合征Fourchambers:left/rightatrium/ventricle心房/心室（atrial心房的,ventricular心室的）atrialseptum房间隔interventricularseptum室间隔Cardiacinsufficiency心功能不全，heartfailure心衰compensated/overtheartfailure代偿性/显性心衰congestiveheartfailure充血性心力衰竭acute/chronicleft-sidedheartfailure急/慢性左心衰竭intractableheartfailure难治性心衰systolic/diastolicinsufficiencyheartfailure收缩/舒张功能不全的心衰Theelectricalconductionsystemsinoatrialnode窦房结Hisbundle房室束rightandleftbundles左右束支Purkinjenetwork浦肯野纤维triggeredactivity触发活动re-entry折返sinoatrialblock（Wenckebach文氏，Mobitz莫氏）sicksinussyndrome（SSS）病态窦房结综合征：bradycardia-tachycardiasyndromeatrialflutter,AFLatrialfibrillation,AFprematureatrioventricularjunctionalbeats房室交界性期前收缩AVjunctionalescapebeats逸搏atrioventricularnodalreentranttachycardia,AVNRTatrioventricularreentranttachycardia,AVFTTpreexcitationsyndrome（Wolff-Rarkinson-Whitesyndrome）ventriculartachycardia,VT（multiforme多形性，multifocal多源性）acceleratedidioventricularrhythm加速性室性自主节律torsadesdepointes,TDP尖端扭转ventricularflutter室扑ventricularfibrillation室颤atrioventricularblock,AVB房室传导阻滞Adame-Strokessyndrome阿-斯综合征intraventricularblock室内阻滞leftbundlebranchblock,LBBB左束支阻滞leftanteriorfascicularblock,LAFB左前分支阻滞leftposteriorfascicularblock,LPFB左后分支阻滞Valvulardiseaseoftheheart,VDH,valvularheartdisease心脏瓣膜病mitral/tricuspid/aortic/pulmonaryvalvedisease二尖瓣/三尖瓣/主动脉瓣/肺动脉瓣疾病acute/chronicmitralstenosis/incompetence/insufficiency狭窄/关闭不全rheumaticfever风湿热rheumaticcarditis风湿性心脏炎Infectiveendocarditis,IE感染性心内膜炎acute/subacute,native/prothetic/rightheartIE自体瓣膜/人工瓣膜Cardiomyopathy心肌病dilatedcardiomyopathy,DCM扩张型心肌病hypertrophiccardiomyopathy,HCM（asymmetricseptal非对称性室间隔肥厚）restrictivecardiomyopathy,RCMarrhythmogenicrightventricularcardiomyopathy,ARVC致心律失常性右室心肌病specificcardiomyopathy特异性心肌病ischemiccardiomyopathy缺血性心肌病diabeticcardiomyopathy糖尿病性心肌病alcoholiccardiomyopathy酒精性心肌病peripartumcardiomyopathy围生期心肌病cardiacamyloidosis心脏淀粉样变性drug-inducedcardiomyopathy药物性心肌病Keshandisease克山病，endemiccardiomyopathy地方性心肌病pericardium心包cardiopericarditis,cardipericarditis,pericarditis心包炎hydropericardium,pericardialeffusion,pericardialfluid心包积液constrictivepericarditis缩窄性心包炎Congenitalheart/cardiovasculardisease先天性心脏病/心血管病，CHDatrialseptaldefectASD房缺ventricularseptaldefect,VSD室缺patentductusateriosus,PDA导管未闭tetralogyoffallot,TOF法四Eisenmenger'ssyndrome艾森曼格综合征coarctationoftheaorta主动脉缩窄pulmonicstenosis肺动脉狭窄primarypulmonaryhypertension原发肺动脉高压dextrocardia右位心completetranspositionofthegreatvessels完全性大血管错位Diseaseofbloodvessel,vasculardisease,angiopathy血管疾病aorticdissection主动脉夹层primaryarteritisortheaortaanditsmainbranches多发性大动脉炎peripheralarteriosclerosisobliterans闭塞性周围动脉硬化thromboangitisobliterans(Buergerdisease