第12练祈使句-2022年七年级英语（牛津上海版）（解析版）

第12练祈使句一、基本概念祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。二、用法详解1、祈使句结构1）肯定的祈使句动词原形+其他Standup,please.=Pleasestandup.请起立。Be+adj.Becareful!=Lookout!=Takecare!小心/当心！Let's+动词原形Let’sgotoschooltogether.咱们一起上学去吧。2）否定的祈使句Don't+动词原形Don'tstandup.别站起来。以be动词开头的祈使句的否定也是在前面加don't.Don'tbecareless.别粗心。Let's(letsb)+not+动词原形Let'snotsayanythingaboutit.对于这件事，咱们什么也别说。let开头的祈使句否定也可以在句首加don't.Don'tletthemplaywithfire.别让他们玩火。2、祈使句的反意疑问句1）肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用willyou或won'tyou。Pleaseopenthedoor,will/won’tyou?请把门打开，好吗？2）否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用willyou。Don'tbelateagain,willyou?别再迟到了，行不行？3）以let's开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shallwe。Let'sturnontheTV,shallwe?我们把电视打开，好吗？只有以let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shallwe，而letus开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为willyou或won'tyou.如：Letusstayhere,will/won'tyou?请（你）让我们留在这好吗？一、单项选择1．—Gina,_________offthelightswhenyouleavetheroom,please.—OK,Ms.Brown.A．turn B．turning C．toturn D．turns【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——Gina，当你离开房间的时候请关灯。——好的，Brown女士。考查祈使句。根据“offthelightswhenyouleavetheroom”可知此处是祈使句的肯定形式，以动词原形开头。故选A。2．_________inbed.It’sbadforyoureyes.A．Don’tread B．Don’ttoread C．Notread D．Nottoread【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：不要在床上看书。这对你的眼睛不好。考查祈使句。根据后文“It’sbadforyoureyes.”可知，空格所在句是命令不要再床上看书。表示请求和命令的句子为祈使句，祈使句的肯定形式以动词原形开头，否定形式在句首加Don't，后跟动词原形。故选A。3．—Sam,________runinthehallways.It’sverydangerous.—Sorry,Ms.Black.A．do B．don’t C．not D．doesn’t【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——萨姆，不要在走廊里跑。非常危险。——抱歉，布莱克女士。考查祈使句的否定形式。祈使句的否定结构：don’t+动词原形，故选B。4．Dave,________playcomputergames.Itistimetogotobed.A．doesn’t B．don’t C．can’t D．isn’t【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：戴夫，不要玩电脑游戏。该上床睡觉了。考查祈使句。根据“Dave,...playcomputergames.”可知，此处是祈使句的否定形式，用“don’t+动词原形”。故选B。5．________waystogetonwellwithyourclassmates,oryouwillmakeyourselflonely.A．Found B．Tofind C．Finding D．Find【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：找到与同学相处融洽的方法，否则你会感到孤独。考查祈使句。根据“…waystogetonwellwithyourclassmates,oryouwillmakeyourselflonely.”可知，此处结构为“祈使句+or+句子”，空处使用动词原形。故选D。6．—Whydowerunsofast,Molly?—It’salready7o’clocknow!Hurryup,________wecan’tcatchtheschoolbus.A．or B．and C．so D．but【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——我们为什么跑得这么快，莫莉？——现在已经7点了！快点，否则我们赶不上校车了。考查连词辨析。or否则，不然；and和；so因此；but但是。根据“Hurryup,…wecan’tcatchtheschoolbus.”可知，句子结构为“祈使句+or+陈述句”，表示“快点儿，否则就会赶不上校车”。故选A。7．—Please__________the

rubbish

into

different

litter

bins

according

to

the

signs.—OK,mum.A．put B．puts C．toput D．putting【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——请按照指示牌将垃圾放入不同的垃圾箱。——好的，妈妈。考查祈使句。put放置，动词原形；puts动词三单；toput动词不定式；putting动名词或现在分词。根据“Please...therubbishintodifferentlitterbins”结合语境可知，此句是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。8．—Tom,________theumbrellawithyou.It’sgoingtorain.—OK,mom.A．taking B．takes C．take D．istaking【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——汤姆，把伞带上。要下雨了。——好的，妈妈。考查祈使句。根据“Tom,…theumbrellawithyou.”可知，此处是一个祈使句，祈使句用动词原形。故选C。9．_________ontheicon,andyoucansendyourorder.A．Toclick B．Clicking C．Click D．Clicked【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：点击图标，您可以发送订单。考查祈使句使用。Click点击。根据“and”可知，本句应该使用句型“祈使句，and+句子”，表示“做什么，然后你就会怎么样”，祈使句用动词原形开头。故选C。10．—Eric,________yourroomplease.—OK,mom.I’lldoitrightaway.A．clean B．cleans C．toclean D．cleaning【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——埃里克，请打扫你的房间。——好的，妈妈。我马上就去。考查祈使句。句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。二、用所给单词的正确形式填空11．________(nottalk)totheboywhoisplayingthepianonow,willyou?【答案】Don’ttalk【解析】【详解】句意：不要和正在弹钢琴的那个男孩讲话，好吗？根据所给单词可知，这里是否定的祈使句，以Don’t开头，后跟动词原形，故填Don’ttalk。12．________(notgive)upeasily,andyou’llbesuccessfulsomeday.【答案】Don’tgive【解析】【详解】句意：不要轻易放弃，总有一天你会成功的。根据题干“...upeasily,andyou’llbesuccessfulsomeday.”可知此句句式为祈使句+and/or+陈述句，祈使句句式是以动词原形开头。结合题干后句“andyou’llbesuccessfulsomeday.”可知总有一天你会成功的，可见前句是表达不要轻易放弃之意。用祈使句的否定形式，Don’t+动词原形。故填Don’tgive。13．Never________（drop）thewasteeverywhere,willyou?【答案】drop【解析】【详解】句意：不要把垃圾扔得到处都是，好吗？用来表示禁止的祈使句，句型结构为：Don’t/Never+动词原形。故填drop。14．________(stay)indoors,and“Bigwhite”willcometohelpyouintimeofhardship.【答案】Stay【解析】【详解】句意：待在家里，“大白”会在你困难的时候来帮助你。分析句子结构可知，这里是肯定祈使句，以动词原形开头，句子开头首字母大写。故填Stay。15．Judy,________(notcross)thestreetwhenthetrafficlightisred.【答案】don’tcross【解析】【详解】句意：朱迪，红灯亮的时候不要过马路。根据“Judy,…(notcross)thestreetwhenthetrafficlightisred.”可知，when前的主句为祈使句，使用否定结构，don’t+动词原形。故填don’tcross。16．________(shake)thebottlebeforedrinkingit.【答案】Shake【解析】【详解】句意：喝之前把瓶子摇一摇。根据“thebottlebeforedrinkingit.”可知，此处为祈使句，使用动词原形，首字母大写。故填Shake。三、阅读单选Choosethebestanswer.(根据以下内容选择最恰当的答案。)Thecowboyistheheroofmanymovies.Heis,eventoday,asymbol(标志)ofcourageandadventure.Butwhatwasthelifeofthecowboyreallylike?Thecowboy’sjobisclearfromthewordcowboy.Cowboysweremenwhotookcareofthecowsandothercattle(牛).ThecattlewereintheWestandinTexas.PeopleinthecitiesoftheEastwantedbeeffromthesecattle.Trainscouldtakethecattleeast.Butfirstthecattlehadtogettothetrain.Partofthecowboy’sjobwastotakethecattlehundredsofmilestotherailroadtowns.Thetripswerecalled“cattledrives”.Acattledriveusuallytookseveralmonths.Cowboysrodeforsixteenhoursaday.Becausetheyrodesomuch,eachcowboybroughtalongabouteighthorses.Acowboychangedhorsesseveraltimeseachday.Cowboyshadtomakesurethatthecattlearrivedsafely.Beforestartingonadrive,theybrandedthecattle.Theyburnedamark(记号)onthecattletoshowwhotheybelongto(属于).Butthesemarksdidn’tstopthieves.Cowboyshadtoprotectthecattlefromthieves.Thievesmadethedangeroustripevenmoredangerous.Althoughtheirworkwasverydifficultanddangerous,cowboysdidnotearnmuchmoney.Theywerepaidbadly.Yetcowboyslikedtheirwaysoflife.Theylivedinthewildandopencountry.Theylivedalifeofadventureandfreedom.17．Thecowboy’sjobwasto_______.A．beaheroofmovies B．takecareofcattle C．cookbeef D．driveatrain18．Cowboysusuallytookcattleto_______.A．theWestandTexas B．thecitiesoftheEastC．thewildandopencountry D．therailroadtowns19．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Acattledrivetookseveraldays. B．Cowboysrodefor8hoursaday.C．Eachcowboybroughtalong2horses. D．Acowboychangedhorsesseveraltimesaday.20．Theunderlinedpart“brandedthecattle”means_______.A．madeamarkonthecattle B．putthecattleincagesC．tiedthecattletogether D．washedthecattlecarefully21．_______makethetripevenmoredangerousanddifficult.A．Thebadweather B．LackoffoodC．Thieves D．Attack(攻击)fromotheranimals22．Cowboyslikedtheirjobbecause_______.A．theirworkwasverydifficultanddangerous B．theymadealotofmoneyC．theylivedalifeofadventure