英语专业八级改错终稿版解析

英语专业八级改错（1）Itisdifficulttothinkofanationasanabstractcollectionofpeoplelivingonapatchofterritory.Itiseasiertothinkofasaperson.ThisiswhywesometimescallGreatBritain__1__"Britannia"andtheUnitedStates"Columbia",andthinkofitasstatelywomen.Wealsousemasculinesymbolsinour__2__personificationofnations.In1712JohnArbuthont,aScot,wroteapoliticalsatireinthatthecharactersweresupposed__3__tobetypicalmembersofdifferentnationalities.TheEnglishmanwasJohnBull.Thisname,whichwassufficientflatteringtobe__4__adoptedgenerally,combinedthemostcommonEnglishfirstnamewithalastnameindicatedstrength.JohnBullisusually__5__picturedasapartlybusinessmanwithaUnionJackonhishatband.

AftertheAmericanWarofIndependencebeganin1783,theUnited__6__Stateswasknownfor"BrotherJonathan".Jonathanwasabiblical__7__nameassociatedwithsimplepeoplefromruralareas,anditseemedfittingsincetheUnitedStatesisruralandunsophiscated,andsince__8__Americanconsideredtheirtypeofsimplicityavirtuecomparedto__9__thewickednessofEuropeancities.Itispossible,however,thatthenamewasoriginatedwithPresidentGeorgeWashington,whowould__10__oftensay,whenfacedwithahardproblem,"LetusconsultBrotherJonathan",referringtohissecrectary,JohnathanTrumbull.英语专业八级（1）答案和解析:1.of和as之间加上it.代替前文anation

2.it—both.指代上文US和GreatBritain

3.that—which

4.sufficient—sufficiently.修饰形容词用副词

5.indicated—indicating起源：考试大

6.began—ended.依照历史知识，美国独立战争开始于1776年7月4日(《独立宣言》发表)，直到1783年英国正式认可美国独立才结束。

7.for—as.beknownfor意为“因......而众所周知”

8.is—was.美国过去曾是一个ruralandunsophisticated国家

9.to—pareto意为“把......比作.......”comparewith意为“与......比较，与.......匹敌，与......竞争”

10.删掉name和originated之间was英语专业八级改错（2）Abouthalfoftheinfantandmaternaldeathsindevelopingcountriescouldbeavoidedifwomenhadusedfamilyplanningmethodstopreventhighrisk____1

pregnancies,accordingtoareportpublishingrecentlybytheJohnsHopkingUniversity.____2

Thereportindicatesthat5.6millioninfantdeathsand2,000,000maternalDeathscouldbepreventedthisyearifwomenchosetohavetheirschildren____3

withinthesafestyearswithadequateintervalsamongbirthsandlimitedtheir____4

familiestomoderatesize.

Thisamountstoabouthalfofthe9.8millioninfantand370.000maternaldeathsindevelopingcountries,excludedChina,estimatedforthisyearby____5

theUnitedNation’sChildren’sFundandtheUSCentersforDiseaseControlrespectably.Chinawasexcludedbecauseveryfewbirthsoccurinthehighriskcategories.____6

Thereportsaysthatevidencesfromaroundtheworldshowstheriskof____7

maternalorinfantillanddeathisthehighestinfourspecifictypesof____8

pregnancy;pregnanciesbeforethemotheris18yearold;thoseafterthe____9

motheris35yearsold;pregnanciesafterfourbirths;andthoselesserthantwoyearsapart.____10

英语专业八级（2）答案和解析:1.将hadused改为used。

因为此句是虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反,故条件从句中应使用通常过去时。比如:

Manywouldbewiseiftheydidnotthinkthemselveswise.许多人原本会成为聪明人-假如他们不自认为聪明话。

2.将publishing改为published

report和publish时逻辑动宾关系,故应使用publish过去分词短语来修饰report。比如:

Anydiscoverythatwemaymake,howeversmall,willremainacquiredknowledge.任何可能发觉,不论多么微不足道,都将成为知识宝库中一部分。

3.将theirs改为their4.将among改为between

在两次怀孕期间留出足够间隔时间,故用between。

5.将过去分词excluded改为介词excluding

excluding意为“不包含……”

6.将respectably改为respectively

respectively意为“分别地”，符合句子意思。而respectably意为“可敬，值得尊敬地”。

7.将evidences改为evidence。evidence是不可数名词。

8.将ill改为illness

9.将year改为years

10.将lesser改为less英语专业八级改错（3）Fromwhathasbeensaid,itmustbeclearthatnoonecanmakeverypositivestatementsabouthowlanguageoriginated.Thereisnomaterialinanylanguagetodayandintheearliest(1)and→orrecordsofancientlanguagesshowuslanguageinanewand(2)show→showingemergingstate.Itisoftensaid,ofcourse,thatthelanguage(3)theoriginatedincriesofanger,fear,painandpleasure,andthe(4)and→butnecessaryevidenceisentirelylacking:therearenoremotetribes,noancientrecords,providingevidenceofalanguagewithalargeproportionofsuchcries(5)large→lagerthanwefindinEnglish.Itistruethattheabsenceofsuchevidencedoesnotdisprovethetheory,butin(6)in→onothergroundstoothetheoryisnotveryattractive.Peopleofallracesandlanguagesmakerathersimilarnoisesinreturntopainorpleasure.Thefactthat(7)return→responsesuchnoisesaresimilaronthelipsofFrenchmenandMalaysianswhoselanguagesareutterlydifferent,servestoemphasizeonthefundamentaldifference（8）onbetweenthesenoisesandlanguageproper.Wemaysaythatthecriesofpainorchortlesofamusementarelargelyreflexactions,instinctiveto∧largeextent,(9)∧awhereaslanguageproperdoesnotconsistofsignsbutofthesethathavetobelearntandthatare……(10)these→thoes英语专业八级改错（4）Ancientmanattemptedtochangetheweatherbyusingmagic.Whileexperiencetaughthimthiswasimpossible,__1__hetriedtoforecastweatherconditions.Evenearlierin__2__1000B.C.therewereweatherseersinBabylon----andpriestscleverenoughtodenounceasfraudsthosepredicted__3__theweatherayearintheadvance.Someforecastersused__4__methodsthatseemedtotakenoconnectionwiththeactual__5__factorscontrolledtheweather.Chickensandotheranimals__6__weresacrificedandtheirintestinespokedtofindsignsindicatingrainanddrought.Somewhatmorescientificpredictionswere__7__basedonvegetation:"Onion’sskinverythin,mildweathercomingin.Onion’sskinthickandtough,comingweatheriscoldandrough."Insectsandanimalswerealso__8__favoriteweatherclues:"Beforetheglowwormlightshis__9__lamp,thentheairisalwaysdamp.""Ifspiderstheirforsakecobwebs,theweatherwillforcertainbreak.""Iffrogsremainedinpools,theweatherwillbefine.Iftheywereseenonrocks,__10__rainandcoldweredue."It’sdifficulttosaywhetherthisrhymeshouldbetakenseriously:"Hark,Iheartheassesbray.Methinkswe’llhavesomeraintoday."英语专业八级（4）答案和解析:

1.While—When或After.本句this指代是tochangetheweatherbyusingmagic.when/after引导时间状语

2.in—than.earlier是early比较级，其后应有than

3.those之后加who.who引导定语从句

4.删除advance前the.inadvance为习语

5.take—have.haveconnectionwith为习语

6.controlled—controlling或在controlled前加that/which.controllingtheweather或that/whichcontrolledtheweather做定语修饰theactualfactors

7.and—or.rain和draught只能是二者之一

8.删除is.与上文平衡，均为省略句

9.before—when/if.条件句

10.will—would.if引导是条件句用是remained通常过去时英语专业八级改错（5）"Home,sweethome"isaphrasethatexpressanessentialattitudeintheUnitedStates.Whethertherealityoflifeinthefamilyhouseissweetornosweet,thecherishedidealofhome_____1

hasgreatimportanceformanypeople.

ThisidealisavitalpartoftheAmericandream.Thisdream,dramatizedinthehistoryofnineteenthcenturyEuropeansettlersofAmericanWest,wastofindapieceofplace,buildahouse_____2

forone’sfamily,andstartedafarm.Thesesmallhouseholdswere_____3

portraitsofindependence:theentirefamily-mother,father,children,evengrandparents-liveinasmallhouseandworkingtogetherto___4

supporteachother.Anyoneunderstoodthelife-and-deathimportance_____5

offamilycooperationandhardwork.AlthoughmostpeopleintheUnitedStatesnolongerliveonfarms,buttheidealofhomeownership_____6

isjustasstronginthetwentiethcenturyasitwasinthenineteenth.

WhenU.SsoldierscamehomebeforeWorldWarⅡ,forexample,_____7

theydreamedofbuyinghousesandstartingfamilies.Buttherewas_____8

atremendousboominhomebuilding.Thenewhouses,typicallyinthesuburbs,wereoftensmallandmoreorlessidentical,butitsatisfied_____9

adeepneed.Manyregardedthesingle-familyhousethebasisoftheirwayoflife._____10

英语专业八级（5）答案和解析:1.将no改为not

2.将place改为land

place是可数名词，作“地方”讲,而land意为“土地，田地”是不可数名词。比如:

Solitudeisagoodplacetovisitbutapoorplacetostay.

当你偶然光临时，独处是一个美妙境地，不过假如久留，它却是一个糟糕地方。

Thereisavacantpieceoflandnearthehouse;wecanbuildthere.

3.将started改为start

start应使用不定式，以和前面find,build一致。

4.将working改为work

work应该用第三人称复数，和live一致。另外，family在这里作“家人”讲，是复数。

5.将anyone改为everyone

这里是要用everyone指每个人，而不是要用anyone泛指。

6.将but删除

7.将before改为after

依照上下文判断，这里要表示是二战之后。

8.将But改为And

依照语意，这里要表示是递进关系，而不是转折关系。比如：

WhenIdogood,Ifeelgood.WhenIdobad,Ifeelbad.Andthat’smyreligion.

当我行善事，我感到坦然;当我行恶时，我感到内疚。这就是我人生之道。

9.将it改为they

10.在housethe中间加入介词as

regard...as作“把……看成……”讲。英语专业八级改错（6）Weliveinasocietywhichthereisalotoftalkaboutscience,butIwouldsay_____1

thattherearenot5percentofthepeoplewhoareequippedwithschool,includingcollege,tounderstandscientificreasoning.Wearemoreignorantofscienceaspeople_____2

withcomparableeducationinWesternEurope.Therearealotofkidswhoknoweverythingaboutcomputers—howtobuild

them,howtotakethemapart,andhowtowriteprogramsforgames.Soifyouask_____3

themtoexplainabouttherinciplesofphysicsthathavegoneintocreatingthe_____4

computer,youdon’thavefaintestidea._____5

Thefailuretounderstandscienceleadstosuchthingsliketheneglectofhuman_____6

creativepower.Italsotakesrisetoblurringofthedistinctionbetweenscienceand_____7

technology.Lotsofpeopledon’tdifferbetweenthetwo.Scienceistheproductionof_____8

newknowledgethatcanbeappliedornot,andtechnologyistheapplicationofknowledgetotheproductionofsomeproducts,machineryorthelike.Thetwoarereallydifferent,andpeoplewhohavethefacultyforoneveryseldomhaveafacultyfortheothers._____9

Scienceinitselfisharmless,moreorless.Butassoonasitcanprovidetechnology,it’snotnecessarilyharmful.Nosocietyhasyetearnedtoforecasttheconsequencesofnewtechnology,whichcanbeenormous._____10

英语专业八级（6）答案和解析:

1.在which前加in，或将which改为where

在这里which引导限制性从句,修饰先行词thesociety。inwhich在从句中作状语,当然也能够用关系副词where引导定语从句,并在从句中作状语,比如:Moneyisabottomlesssea,inwhichhonor,conscience,andtruthmaybedrowned.

2.将as改为than

3.将So改为But或者However或者Nevertheless

因为这里上下文是转折关系。

4.将about去掉

因为explain是及物动词。

5.将you改为they

6.将like改为as

因为suchas是固定搭配。

7.将takes改为gives

giveriseto表示“引发，造成”之意。

8.将differ改为distinguish

牵着表示“有区分”。后者表示“区分，找出……差异”。

9.将others改为other

这么theother就和上文one组成固定搭配，表示在两个中“一个……;另外一个……”

10.将harmful改为harmless，只有这么才能够表示上下文对比关系。英语专业八级改错（7）Itishardlynecessaryformetocitealltheevidencesofthedepressing (1)stateofliteracy.ThesesumsfromtheDepartmentofEducationare (2)sufficient:27millionAmericanscannotreadatall,afurther35millionreadonalevelthatislessthansufficienttosurviveinoursociety. (3)Butmyownworrytodayismorethatoftheoverwhelmingproblemof(4)elementalliteracythanitisoftheslightlymoreluxuriousproblemofthedeclineintheskillevenofthemiddle-classreader,ofhisunwillingnesstoaffordthosespacesofsilence,thoseluxuriesofdomesticityandtimeandconcentrating,(5)thatsurroundstheimageoftheclassicactofreading.Ithasbeensuggested(6)thatalmost80percentofAmerica'sliterate,educatedteenagerscannolongerreadwithaccompanyingnoise(music)inthebackgroundoratelevisionscreenflickeredatthecorneroftheirfieldofperception.Weknow(7)verylittleaboutthebrainandhowitdealtwithsimultaneousconflicting(8)input,buteverycommon-senseintuitionsuggestsweshouldbeprofoundlyalarmed.Thisviolationofconcentration,silence,solitudegoestotheveryheartofournotionofliteracy;thisnewformofpart—reading,ofpart-perceptionagainstbackgrounddistraction,endersimpossiblycertain (9)essentialactsofapprehensionandconcentration,leavealonethatmostimportanttributeanyhumanbeingcanpayonapoemorapieceofproseheor(10)shereallyloves,whichistolearnitbyheart.Notbybrain,byheart;theexpressionisvital.英语专业八级（7）答案和解析:

1.evidences—evidence.evidence为不可数名词，不能使用复数形式。2.sums—改成figures。sums表示“总和”，但后面列举了一些详细数字，与总和并无多大关系。所以sums应改为figures。figures意即“数字”。3.on—at。表示“在……水平上”时，level前须用介词at。4.more—less。moreAthanB意即“与其说B，倒不如说A”而lessAthanB则表示与其说A，倒不如说B”。依照上下文，此处more应改为less。5.concentrating—concentration。and前后成份应对等，因为and前面是名词，其后面也应该用名词。所以concentrating应改为concentration。6.that—which。这儿which用来指代前面整个句子。7.flickered—flickering，flicker为不及物动词，不宜使用过去分词形式作定语，故用现在分词形式作定语。8.dealt—deals。该文章主要采取通常现在时，所以dealt应改为得deals。9.impossibly—impossible。rendersth+adj为一惯用结构，表示“使……怎样”。假如其中宾语太长，可将其后置。显然impossibly应改为impossible10.on—to。paytributetosb／sth，系惯用短语，意即“称赞某人⁄某物”。故on应改为to。英语专业八级改错（8）Before1973,abortionwasillegalinAmericaunlessthewoman's

healthwasthreatened.InMarchof1970,JaneRoe,asingle

woman,institutedthisfederalactionagainsttheDistrict

Attorneyofthecountry.Theoriginalideawasthatwomenwho

trulydidnotwantababyshouldnothavetohaveit.__1__

Sincepregnacymaybeablessedactwhenplanned

or

wanted,__2__

forcedpregnacy,likeanyforcebodilyinvasion,isanathemato

Americanvaluesandtraditions.Aslegalizedabortionhasbecome

aneverydaypartofAmericanlife,adifferentsidetoithas

emergedout.__3__

Whenwomenoncewereabortingbecausetheydidnotwanta

child,thereasonsbeinggivennowwerebecomingverydifferent.__4__

Abortionhasturnedintosomethingthatwomenarebeingcoerced

fromboyfriends/husbandsunwillingtobefathers,outoffear__5__

ofthefinancialpressure,outofthepanicfromlosingtheir

jobs,outofpanicfromhavingtoquittheschool,

or

becoming__6__

homeless,

or

outoffearoftheirparentskickingthemoutinto

thestreet.

Abrotionforthesereasonscanleadtoproblemswhichdevelop

whenawomanisunabletogetroundheremotionalresponses__7__

fromthetraumaofanabortion.Therearewomenwhoabortand

dosocompletelyofherownfreewill.Thesewomenhaveno__8__

regrets,noremorse,butarehappytheyhadthischoiceavailble.__9__

Butagrowingnumberofwomenarespeakingupabouthowabortion

effectedthemadversely.__10__

英语专业八级（8）答案和解析:

1.it--one

it和one用来指代时，it通惯用于特指，one通惯用于类指。结合上下文，此处应该指代前文ababy，是类指，所以应该用one。

2.Since--While

这里考是依照上下文逻辑关系判断连接词使用。前后两个分句是对比pregnancy和forcedpregnancy这两个方面，所以应该选取表示对比连用词while。

3.out--/

emerge一词后面不要受到汉字影响加上out；不过能够说comeout。emerge能够和介词from搭配，表示“从……中出现出来”。

4.were--are

即使这一句从句中是过去时态，不过主句中谈是“现在”情况，所以应该用现在时态。

5.^from--into

动词coerce要和介词into搭配。coercesomebodyintosomething，意思是“胁迫某人做某事”。

6.the--/

school前带定冠词时通常是特指，不带冠词通常是类指。这里说“辍学”，应该是类指，所以不能带定冠词。

7.round--through

getthrough意思是“度过（经济，感情等）难关”，getround有“说服”意思，原文是说“客服流畅造成情感创伤”，应该用getthrough。

8.her--their

这里代词是指前文提到women，所以应该是复数。

9.but(are)--and

从逻辑关系来看，这一句“很高兴有这个选择”和前文“没有遗憾、不后悔”是一致、并列，所以不能用转折连词。10.effected--affected

effect和affect两个词形近，而词性不一样，轻易混同。前者通常作为名词，后者是动词。英语专业八级改错（9）ItisdifficultforanAmericantounderstandsoccer.

Ilearnedthehardway.WhenIwasinGlasgow,

goingtotheschool,Ihadtochoosewhichofthe—1—

city'stwomightyteamsIwouldback,Celticin

green,Rangersinblue.BecauseofaboyIhad—2—

cheeredfortheBostonCelticsbasketballteam,

Idecideinmylotwiththeirnamesakes.One—3—

winterafternoonbeforeCeltichadwonabrutal—4—

gameattheRanger'spark,Iwaswalkinghome,

wearingmygreenribbon,whileaRangerfan—5—

leapedoutoftheshadowsandpunchedmein

mouthsohardIfeelbackward.OtherRangerfans—6—

pickedmeupandapologized,"Hedoesn'tmean

nothingpersonal.HejusthatesCeltic."Afan's—7—

loyaltylastsforlife.Inseveralfootballcountries,

ithasnoted,factoryproductiongoesup

or

down,—8—

dependinguponthehometeam'swinandloss.—9—

AfterEngland's1966victoryintheWordCup,

immigrationtoAustraliafromEnglanddropped

for18percent."ThatvictorymadeEnglishmen—10—

feelthatBritainstillhasafuture."anAustralian

officialexplained.

英语专业八级改错（9）答案及解析：

1.删除school之前the

此处指本文主人翁在那儿上学，并非详细指上哪个学校，所以无需用定冠词

2.of—as或when

从句法分析看，because引导一个原因状语从句。becauseasaboyIhadcheeredfortheBostonCelticsbasketballteam，从句中也有状语asaboy（=as/whenIwasaboy）

3.decided—cast/threw

cast/threwinone'slotwithsb.为固定搭配，意义为“与某人祸福与共”

4.before—after/when

从时间次序来看下文发生在本文主人翁身上，即遭到攻击是发生在比赛结束后

5.while—when

用when引导状语从句与主语由逗号分开，有“突然”含义

6.在mouth之前加the

定冠词the置于人体器官之前以表示身体之一部分或私人之全部。如tohangtheheadinshame

7.nothing—anything

本句中已经有一个否定词doesn't，假如再用否定词nothing，双重否定则为必定，那么与本文意义相矛盾

8.在has和noted之间插入been

it为形式主语，真正主语是factoryproductiongoesup

or

down,dependinguponthehometeam'swinandloss.该现象是人们注意到，故为被动语态较合理

9.and—or

与上文factoryproductiongoesup

or

down相协调，dependinguponthehometeam'swin

or

loss

10.for—by

通惯用by引导表示程度状语英语专业八级改错（10）Withtheeffectsofglobalization,increasesintechnologyandthepaceoflifeinvademoreandmoreareasofeverydaylife,andfree-timehasbecomeanincreasingpreciousandimportantresource.Forthosepursuingleisurelifestylesderivingfromconsumingthe“riches”oftheleisuremarketandforthosewhoareexperiencingashortageoffreetime—a“timesqueeze”leisuremayoffermanybenefitsbutalsosomecosts.Forthegrowingnumberofpeoplelookingforwardtoabundancefreetimeinretirementandfortheincreasingnumberofyoungpeoplewhoareexperiencingreducedactivitylevels,andproblemsofoverweightandreducedfitnes