2022-2023学年河南省许平汝部分学校高三（下）期中英语试卷-普通用卷

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年河南省许平汝部分学校高三（下）期中英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）ALatestFitnessIndustryStatisticsHowbigisthefitnessindustry？Totalindustryreceiptwasestimatedtobe﹩54.2bnin2021，downfrom﹩96.7bnin2019.

Isthefitnessindustrygrowing？Inreceiptterms，thisrepresentsa44%orsodecreasetotheoverallindustry.However，sectors（行业）withinit（e.g.onlinetraining，homeequipment）haveexperienceddramaticgrowth.

Willthistrendcontinue？No，theindustryisalreadyreboundingfromrecentglobaleventsandtherearepositivegreatsignalsthatitwillcontinuetogrowoverthelongterm.

HEALTHCLUBS

►Thereareapproximately201，000healthclubsaroundtheworld.

►TheU.S.hasthemostclubsat32，269，followedbyBrazilwith29，525.

►Thereareover7，000gymsintheUK.

►However，thisdataislimitedtohealthclubsonly.Itdoesn'taccountforboutiquestudios，communityrecreationfacilities，orgymslocatedinothervenuessuchashotels.

CurrentIndustryTrends

Thereareseveralfitnesstrendsthathavebeenconsistentoverrecentyears.Functionaltraining，HIIT，andashifttowardsholisticwellnessalllooksettostayfortheforeseeablefuture.

While2021sawanewwaveofdigitaltrends（onlineandvirtualtrainingbothmadethetop10），2022trendsreflectareturntopreviouslypopularactivities.WearabletechreclaimedtheNo.1spot，followedbyhomegyms，outdoorexercise，andfreeweights.

Millennials（千禧一代）usefitnessappsmorethanotheragegroups，withwomenusingthemtwiceasmuchasmen.46%wantasmuchquantifiabledataabouttheirhealthaspossible，and54%arelikelytobuyabody-analyzingdevice.1.Whichcountryhasthesecondmosthealthclubs？______A.US. B.Brazil. C.UK. D.China.2.Whatisincludedinthenewwaveofdigitaltrendsin2021？______A.Wearabletech. B.Homegyms.

C.Freeweights. D.Virtualtraining.3.Whatdoweknowaboutmillennials？______A.Womenarehealthierthanmen.

B.Mostofthemneeddataabouttheirhealth.

C.Lessthanhalfofthemtendtouseabody-analyzingdevice.

D.Theyusefitnessappsmostcomparedwithotheragegroups.BItallstartedbecauseIheardmymomandhersistertalkingafterdinneroneevening.Myauntworksinanursinghomeandwastellingmymomhowsaditisthatsomeseniorcitizensdon'thavemuchmoneyforsnacksanddrinksfromthevendingmachine.Atthetime，wewerejustfinishingupon9th-gradeyearinschoolandwewere14yearsold.Atthatagesnacksandsodaareabigdeal.Ijustcouldn'timaginenothavingasnackeveryonceinawhile.IdecidedIcouldchangethatbutIwouldneedhelpsoIwenttomyfriend，KendallJoyner，andgothimtohelpme.

WedecidedtodoaSeniorCitizenSummerCampthatyearwheremyauntworks.Wehadactivitieseverydayandtheprizesweresnacks!Wehadalotoffunandalotofsupportfromourcommunity.Overthelastcoupleofyears，ourprojecthaschangedalittlebutourmissionhasstayedthesame.Wenowbringold-timecandyandvisitthosewhohavememoryissues.Alotoftheelderlywevisitmayhaveahardtimerememberingthingsthathappenedrecently，buthavenoproblemrememberingthingsthathappeneddecadesago.Theycanremembereatingthecandywebringthem.Theycanrememberwalkingtothestorewiththeirfriends.Theyarealmostalwayshappymemories.

Oneofthebestpartsofour"job"islisteningandwatchingthesepeople.Wegettohearincrediblestories.Weseetheirfaceslightupwhentheyhaveapieceofcandythattheyhaven'thadinyears.Wehavepeopleallthetimeaskiftheycanhavesomeextracandytogivetotheirgrandchildren.Theanswerisalwaysyes.Itfeelsgoodtogivesomethingawayandweliketogivethemthatgoodfeeling.4.Whydidtheauthordecidetohelptheseniorcitizenslackingsnacksanddrinks？______A.Becauseheunderstoodandfeltsympathyforthem.

B.Becausehewantedtohelphisauntoutwithherwork.

C.Becausehecouldn'tbearnothavingasnackforamoment.

D.Becauseheneededworkexperienceafterfinishinghisschool.5.Howdidtheauthorgivetheseniorcitizensthesnacksatfirst？______A.Byofferingthemmoneytobuythemselves.

B.Bygivingthemasprizesforactivities.

C.Bygivingthemthroughthecommunity.

D.Bygivingthemdirectlywhilevisitingthem.6.Whatdidthesnacksanddrinksbringtotheseniorcitizens？______A.Reunionwiththeirfriends.

B.Improvementofpoormemories.

C.Abilitytoshareincrediblestories.

D.Recoveryoftheirhighspiritsinlife.7.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage？______A.Seniorcitizensrememberhappymemories

B.Seniorcitizensneedattentionandcompany

C.Givingsomethingawaycreatesgoodfeelings

D.GoodfeelingspassdownfromgenerationtogenerationCAstudyconductedbytheIrishgovernmentrevealsthatuptooneinthreechildrenareconsumingcaffeinated（含咖啡因的）energydrinks，withfrequentconsumptionassociatedwitharangeofhealthandbehaviourproblems.

TheBMJOpenpaper，whichanalyzedpreviousdatasets，foundthatbetween3percentand32percentofunder-18sconsumedthedrinksatleastonceaweek.Thosewhoconsumedthesoftdrinksfivetimesaweekweremorelikelytoreportheadaches，sleepproblems，alcoholuse，smoking，irritability，andschoolexclusion.

In2019，thegovernmentannounceditwouldbanthesaleofenergydrinkstounder-16s，buttherulenevertookeffect.

Leadauthorofthepaper，ClaireKhouja，fromtheUniversityofYork，said，"Whilemoreresearchisneededtotracktheeffectsofenergydrinksonchildrenwhodrinkthem，ourresearchhasuncoveredconsistentevidenceoflinksbetweentheregularconsumptionofthesedrinksandharmfuleffectsonchildren'soverallwell-being.Thesefindingsoffersupportforagovernmentpolicybanningthesaleofenergydrinkstochildren."

Whilecaffeinecanbebeneficial，itdoeshavesomedownsides，particularlyforchildren."Ifyoutaketoomuchcaffeineonaregularbasisyougetusedtoitandthenonwithdrawalyoucangetaheadache—that'saknownphenomenon，"saysClaire."Andifyouhavecaffeinebeforebedtime，acertaingroupofthepopulationarelikelytosufferfrominsomnia（失眠）asaresult.Theeffectisusuallygreateronchildrenofalightbodyweightandyoungpeople."

Energydrinkscanalsobecomeaddictiveforchildrenandthey"containlargeamountsofsugarwhicharenotnecessaryforthatagegroup，"Clairewarns."That'seasilygoingtocontributetotheproblemswealreadyhavewithchildrenandobesity，diabetesandattentiondeficitdisorder."8.Whatarethepaper'sresultsbasedon？______A.Personalmedicalrecords.

B.Interviewswithteenagers.

C.Analysesofformerdatasets.

D.Datacollectedbythegovernment.9.WhathasClaire'sresearchfoundabouttheregularconsumptionofenergydrinks？______A.Itsconsistenteffectsonchildren.

B.Theurgencyandnecessitytobanit.

C.Thereasonsforitsharmfuleffectsonhealth.

D.Itsconnectionwithbadeffectsonchildren'shealth.10.Whowillbethemostaffectedbythecaffeine？______A.Alightcollegesenior. B.Athinhighschoolstudent.

C.Aheavymiddle-agedman. D.Astronggymnasticathlete.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout？______A.Energydrinksmayaffectchildren'shealth.

B.EnergydrinksshouldbebannedinIreland.

C.Energydrinksbecomeaddictiveforchildren.

D.Caffeineoughttoberemovedfromenergydrinks.DExposuretoextremeheatincreasesmalnutrition（营养不良）amongbabiesandyoungchildreninlow-incomecountries，threateningtochangedecadesofprogress，Cornellresearchfinds.

Linkingsurveyandweatherdataovermorethan20years，astudyofmorethan32，000WestAfricanchildrenaged3to36monthsfoundthataverageheatexposurehadincreasedtheoccurrenceofslowgrowthfrommalnutritionby12%，andoflowweightby29%.

Theresearchersestimatethatiftheaverageglobaltemperaturerises2degrees，whichscientistswarnislikelywithoutsignificantreductionsincarbonemissions（碳排放），theaveragebadeffectofheatexposureongrowthwouldnearlydouble，erasinggainsrecordedduringthestudyperiod（1993to2014）.

Thefindingsareworrying，theresearcherssaid，becausetemperaturesinWestAfricaarerisingandexpectedtocontinuetodosoforseveraldecades.Andtheeffectsofmalnutritioninearlychildhood，whicharelinkedtohigherdeathratesandtolowereducationandincomesinadulthood，areirreversible.

"We'retalkingaboutchildrenataveryyoungagethatwillhavechangesfortherestoftheirlives，sothisispermanentlyaffectingtheirpotential，"saidArielOrtiz-Bobea，associateprofessorintheCornellJebE.BrooksSchoolofPublicPolicy."Whatwearedoingtoreduceglobalpovertyisbeinggraduallydestroyedbyourlackofactiononclimate."

Moreresearchisneededtodiscoverthedriversofthoseeffectsexactly，whicharemostevidentbetween6and15months，buttheyarelikelynotphysiological（生理的）responsestodirectheat，theresearcherspredicted.Rather，theysuggest，acombinationoffactorsmaybeatworkaschildrentransitionawayfrombreastfeeding（母乳喂养），includingahigherriskofcontractingpathogens（病原体）fromfoodandwater，andlowerconsumptionofproteinfromanimalsources，possiblyduetoextremeheathurtingagriculturalproductivity.12.Whatisthefinalresultofthemalnutritioncausedbyextremeheat？______A.Slowgrowthofbabies. B.Lowweightofchildren.

C.Socialdecline. D.Lessagriculturalproductivity.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"irreversible"inParagraph4mean？______A.Impossibletochange. B.Happeningquickly.

C.Notspecialinanyway. D.Difficulttobelieve.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？______A.Aresearchof6to15monthsisthemosteffective.

B.Malnutritionisadirectphysiologicalresponsetoextremeheat.

C.Thereasonsforthemalnutritioncausedbyextremeheatareclear.

D.Manyaspectsmayaccountforthemalnutritioncausedbyextremeheat.15.Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanwefindthetext？______A.Health. B.Society. C.Education. D.Technology.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Whenyouthinkaboutcamping，youalwaysassociatecampingwithtentsetupandcampfire，whichisonlyonepartofalargerpicture.（1）______Whetheryouareplanninganovernighttripoutdoors，aweekendgetawayorjustadaytrip，youcanlookatthefollowingpopulartypesofcampingtomakeappropriatearrangements.

Adventurecamping

Thisisthetypeofcampingwhichfocusesmostlyonadventures，suchascompetinginaraceormountainbiking.Campinghappensatnightinabasicandminimalistmanner.

Drycamping

Inshort，drycampingreferstocampinginalocationwithnoaccesstonaturalwater，e.g.adesert.（2）______Thendrycampingisagoodoption.Pleasenotethatdrycampersmustpreparetheirwatercarefullyinadvance.

Backpacking

Backpackingallowsyoutolivedeepinthewildernessandissuitablefortheexperiencedtraveler.There'salsosuperlightbackpacking.（3）______Whateveritis，backpackingrequiresmuchmorestrengthandeffortsthananovernightcampingtrip.

Vehiclecamping

Vehiclecampingreferstotheinvolvementofacertaintypeofvehiclesonyourcampingtrip.（4）______Somepeopleprefertobringtheirvehiclesalongformoremobility，butatthesametime，itresultsinheavierluggageandextraweight.

Themedcamping

（5）______Thereisglam-ping，whichmeansattractiveandwealthycamping，festivalcamping，wherealotofpeoplegathertocampandcelebrateanevent，andreenactmentcamping，wherepeoplecanchoosetoliveinacertainhistoricperiodbydressingandactingandrole-playingaccordingtotheera.

A.Youmayworryabouttheriskofflashflood.

B.Itcanbeabicycle，acar，aboatoramotorhome.

C.Backpackersbringasfewcampingitemsaspossible.

D.Thereareplentyofcampsitesavailableforyoutochoosefrom.

E.Thelasttypeofcampingreferstothewaycampingisorganized.

F.Youritemsshouldbesufficienttokeepyoureadyforsuchevents.

G.Youmaybeamazedtolearnthere'smorethanonetypeofcamping.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）Iwasvisitingsomeoneinthehospital，andthewomanshesharedthe（1）______withwasdeafforherwholelife.Shewasaround80yearsoldandhadjusthadastroke（中风）.

Hersonwasthereforawhilewaitingforherto（2）______，butnot30secondsafterheleft，sheopenedhereyes.（3）______，shehadnoideahehadbeenthere.Therewas（4）______onstaffatthehospitalinthesmalltownwho（5）______signlanguage.Herhusbandhadpassedawayandherdaughterdidn'tliveinthestate，soitwasonlyherson（6）______totalktoher.

Itabsolutelybrokemyhearttothinkofherwakingupandfeeling（7）______andunableto（8）______.Iwassonervous，（9）______tookadeepbreathandwentovertoherandjuststarted（10）______.Itoldherthather（11）______hadbeenthereandIlearnedallabouttheirfamily.Herfacetotallylit（12）______.Shesmiledandmyheartaboutburst!

Thenursescameinandhadme（13）______herabunchofthings.Irememberjustaskingherifsheneededabedpan（便盆）andahugereliefthatcameoverher.Shecouldn'tevenaskforabedpan!Noone（14）______her!

Anyway，forthenextmaybeanhourandahalf，Ijusttoldherwhatever（15）______Icouldthinkof，stuffabouttraveling，classes，etc.Icamebackto（16）______herthenextdaytoo，butthenIhadtogohome（thiswasoutofstate）.WhenIleft，Ikissedherheadandshe（17）______（fromthestroke）managedtogether（18）______intoanI-love-yousign.

Ihaveneverfeltso（19）______inmywholelife.Thiswas20yearsagoanditstillmakesmecryto（20）______.21.

A.sign B.room C.story D.disease22.

A.getup B.pickup C.showup D.wakeup23.

A.Ofcourse B.Inshort C.Toconclude D.Aboveall24.

A.somebody B.anybody C.nobody D.everybody25.

A.liked B.taught C.heard D.knew26.

A.beyond B.abroad C.nearby D.indoors27.

A.angry- B.fortunate C.lonely D.well28.

A.talk B.look C.smile D.breathe29.

A.or B.but C.so D.however30.

A.speaking B.waving C.shaking D.signing31.

A.husband B.son C.doctor D.daughter32.

A.offBon B.on C.away D.up33.

A.ask B.help C.write D.tell34.

A.understood B.visited C.comforted D.treated35.

A.treatments B.alternatives； C.stories D.means36.

A.encourage B.tend C.visit D.treated37.

A.happily B.slowly C.hardly D.carefully38.

A.hands B.body C.face D.feet39.

A.grateful B.hopeful C.peaceful D.useful40.

A.reward B.react C.recall D.regret四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Artificialintelligencedevicesarenowbeingwidelyadoptedbyfamilies.Think（1）______（repeated）forexamChinesechessrobotonthedesk，handwritingerasedrevision，andautomaticpainting（2）______（base）onseveralkeywords.Technologieslikeplayingchess，identifyingfacesand（3）______（document），andrenderingfor3Dworldsarenormallyusedinbusinessandacademicfields.Theyofteninvolvecomplicatedcalculationsandcome（4）______highcosts.ButnowAIismore（5）______（access）andaffordableforconsumers.

"Ourgoalis（6）______（create）arobotthatcanphysically'think'and'act'，bringindustrialgradeAItechnologytoeveryfamily，andmakerealinteractionswithchildrenandelderfamilymembers，"saidXuLi，ExecutiveChairmanandCEOofSenseTime.

HK-listedSenseTime，（7）______offersAIforurbanmanagementandpandemiccontrol，haslaunched（8）______Xiaqi，orChinesemasterrobot，asthecompany'sfirstconsumer-orienteddevice.Thecandybox-sizedrobot，certifiedbytheChineseXiangqiAssociation，（9）______（offer）26chesslevelstomatchplayersatdifferentlevelsfrombeginnersandsemi-professionalsto"masters".Itissuitableforchildrentodevelopstrategythinkingandascompanyfortheelderly.Itwillbridgethedigitaldivideandbuildanemotionalconnectionwithtechnology，while（10）______（bring）overallenjoymenttothewholefamily.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（⋀），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

OnMondayIwenttothestore.Therewasanoldwoman，appearedtobeinher80slookingatpeppers.Iwenttogetitandshestartedcomplainingtomethepriceofgoodsweretoohighandthattheydidn'tlookgoodetc.Ihadrunintothissituationbefore，whichsomeonecomplainsaboutsomething.NormallyIwouldhavejustsaidsomethingpolitelybutwalkedawayquickly.ThistimeIstayandlistenedwhilenoddingmyheadpolitely.Soonherangryoverthehighpriceoffoodturnedintofondofmemoriesofherpast.Whenshewasdonetalkingshesaid，"Blessyou!"Itwasn'twhatshesaidbuthowshesaiditthatwassoheartfeltandgenuine.Ijustdidasimplythingastolisteningandthingbrightenedsomeone'sday.六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）43.假如你是学生李华，学校邀请了James教授给同学们举办一次在线讲座，你是主持人，请写一篇开场主持词并对James教授进行简单介绍和欢迎。

内容包括：（1）主讲人和主要内容；（2）对主讲人介绍和欢迎。

注意：（1）词数100左右；（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

(1)(2)

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、D、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据HEALTHCLUBS下的TheU.S.hasthemostclubsat32，269，followedbyBrazilwith29，525.（美国拥有最多的俱乐部，有32，269家，其次是巴西，有29，525家。）可知，巴西在健康倶乐部数量上排名第二。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中While2021sawanewwaveofdigitaltrends（onlineandvirtualtrainingbothmadethetop10），2022trendsreflectareturntopreviouslypopularactivities.（虽然2021年出现了新一波数字趋势（在线和虚拟训练都进入了前10名），但2022年的趋势反映了以前流行的活动的回归。）可知，虚拟训练是2021年数字运动新浪潮之一。故选D。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中Millennials（千禧一代）usefitnessappsmorethanotheragegroups，withwomenusingthemtwiceasmuchasmen.（千禧一代比其他年龄段的人更常使用健身软件，女性使用健身软件的次数是男性的两倍。）可知，在使用健身软件方面千禧一代比其他年龄阶层的人群多。A．Women

are

healthier

than

men.女人比男人健康；B．Most

of

them

need

data

about

their

health.他们中的大多数需要关于他们健康的数据；C．Less

than

half

of

them

tend

to

use

a

body-analyzing

device.不到一半的人倾向于使用身体分析设备；D．They

use

fitness

apps

most

compared

with

other

age

groups.与其他年龄组相比，他们使用健身应用最多。故选D。

本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了健身产业的最新数据和最新发展情况。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。

4~7.【答案】A、B、D、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的Atthatagesnacksandsodaareabigdeal.Ijustcouldn'timaginenothavingasnackeveryonceinawhile.（在那个年龄，零食和苏打水是一件大事。我只是无法想象不偶尔吃点零食。）可知作者能感受到没有零食吃的痛苦。由此可知，他听说老人们没有钱买零食以后，感到很同情他们。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中的WedecidedtodoaSeniorCitizenSummerCampthatyearwheremyauntworks.Wehadactivitieseverydayandtheprizesweresnacks!（那年我们决定在我姑姑工作的地方办一个老年人夏令营。我们每天都有活动，奖品是零食！）可知，最开始的肘候这些零食是作为活动奖励发放给老人们的。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据第二段中的Theyarealmostalwayshappymemories."（它们几乎都是快乐的回忆。）和第三段中"Weseetheirfaceslightupwhentheyhaveapieceofcandythattheyhaven'thadinyears.（当他们吃到一块多年没吃过的糖果时，我们看到他们的脸上露出了笑容。）可知作者他们带去的糖果等零食和饮料唤醒了老人们美好的回忆和对生活的热情。故选D。

（4）标题归纳题。根据最后一段Oneofthebestpartsofour"job"islisteningandwatchingthesepeople.Wegettohearincrediblestories.Weseetheirfaceslightupwhentheyhaveapieceofcandythattheyhaven'thadinyears.Wehavepeopleallthetimeaskiftheycanhavesomeextracandytogivetotheirgrandchildren.Theanswerisalwaysyes.Itfeelsgoodtogivesomethingawayandweliketogivethemthatgoodfeeling.（我们"工作"中最好的部分之一就是倾听和观察这些人。我们听到了令人难以置信的故事。当他们吃到一块多年没吃过的糖果时，我们看到他们的脸上露出了笑容。我们总是有人问他们是否可以给他们的孙子一些额外的糖果。答案总是肯定的。赠送东西的感觉很好，我们喜欢给他们这种好感觉。）可知，作者发放糖果等零食和饮料唤起了老人们的美好回忆，重燃他们的生活热情。同时作者也满足了老人们给孙子孙女零食的愿望，老人很髙兴，作者也体会到了赠送带来的愉悦感。因此C项Giving

something

away

creates

good

feelings（赠送东西能创造美好的感觉）概括文意，可以作为本文标题。故选C。

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者给老人们发放糖果等零食和饮料，唤起老人们的美好回忆，重燃他们的生活热情的故事，作者也同时收获了愉悦感。

考查记叙文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

8~11.【答案】C、D、B、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段

The

BMJ

Open

paper，which

analyzed

previous

data

sets，found

that

between

3

percent

and

32

percent

of

under-18s

consumed

the

drinks

at

least

once

a

week.（《英国医学杂志》公开版的论文分析了之前的数据集，发现在18岁以下的青少年中，有3%到32%的人每周至少喝一次这种饮料）可知，论文的结果基于对以前数据集的分析。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第四段

Lead

author

of

the

paper，Claire

Khouja，from

the

University

of

York，said，"While

more

research

is

needed

to

track

the

effects

of

energy

drinks

on

children

who

drink

them，our

research

has

uncovered

consistent

evidence

of

links

between

the

regular

consumption

of

these

drinks

and

harmful

effects

on

children's

overall

well-being."（该论文的主要作者，来自约克大学的Claire

Khouja说："虽然需要更多的研究来追踪能量饮料对饮用它们的儿童的影响，但我们的研究已经发现了一致的证据，证明经常饮用这些饮料与对儿童整体健康的有害影响之间存在联系）可知，关于经常饮用能量饮料，克莱尔的研究发现它与儿童健康的不良影响有关。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The

effect

is

usually

greater

on

children

of

a

light

body

weight

and

young

people.（体重较轻的儿童和年轻人通常受到的影响更大）可知，咖啡因对一个瘦削的高中生的影响最大。故选B。

（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段A

study

conducted

by

the

Irish

government

reveals

that

up

to

one

in

three

children

are

consuming

caffeinated（含咖啡因的）

energy

drinks，with

frequent

consumption

associated

with

a

range

of

health

and

behaviour

problems.（爱尔兰政府进行的一项研究显示，多达三分之一的儿童在饮用含咖啡因的能量饮料，频繁饮用会导致一系列健康和行为问题）结合文章说明了研究开展的方式以及研究的发现。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是能量饮料可能会影响儿童的健康。A.Energy

drinks

may

affect

children's

health.能量饮料可能会影响儿童健康；B.Energy

drinks

should

be

banned

in

Ireland.爱尔兰应该禁止能量饮料；C.Energy

drinks

become

addictive

for

children.能量饮料会让孩子上瘾；D.Caffeine

ought

to

be

removed

from

energy

drinks.咖啡因应该从能量饮料中去除。故选A。

这是一篇说明文。爱尔兰政府进行的一项研究显示，多达三分之一的儿童在饮用含咖啡因的能量饮料，频繁饮用会导致一系列健康和行为问题。文章说明了研究开展的方式以及研究的发现。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

12~15.【答案】C、A、D、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Exposuretoextremeheatincreasesmalnutrition（营养不良）amongbabiesandyoungchildreninlow-incomecountries，threateningtochangedecadesofprogress，Cornellresearchfinds.（康奈尔大学的研究发现，极端高温会增加低收入国家婴儿和幼儿的营养不良，有可能改变几十年来取得的进步）推知，极端高温造成的营养不良最终会造成社会倒退。A．Slow

growth

of

babies.婴儿生长缓慢；B．Low

weight

of

children.儿童体重低；C．Social

decline.社会没落；D．Less

agricultural

productivity.农业生产率下降。故选C项。

（2）词义猜测题。根据划线词下文We're

talking

about

children

at

a

very

young

age

that

will

have

changes

for

the

rest

of

their

lives，so

this

is

permanently

affecting

their

potential（我们谈论的是很小的孩子，他们的余生都会发生变化，所以这会永久影响他们的潜能）可知幼年时期的营养不良对个体造成的影响是一辈子的，因此这些影响是无法改变的。由此可知，划线词irreversible意为"无法改变的"。A．Impossible

to

change.不可能改变；B．Happening

quickly.发生得很快；C．Not

special

in

any

way.一点也不特别；D．Difficult

to

believe.难以置信。故选A项。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Rather，they

suggest，a

combination

of

factors

may

be

at

work

as

children

transition

away

from

breastfeeding（母乳喂养），including

a

higher

risk

of

contracting

pathogens（病原体）from

food

and

water，and

lower

consumption

of

protein

from

animal

sources，possibly

due

to

extreme

heat

hurting

agricultural

productivity.（相反，他们认为，在儿童从母乳喂养过渡的过程中，可能有多种因素在起作用，包括从食物和水中感染病原体的风险更高，以及来自动物来源的蛋白质摄入减少，这可能是由于极端高温损害了农业生产力）可知，极端髙温造成的营养不良可能有多方面原因。A．A

research

of

6

to

15

months

is

the

most

effective.6到15个月的研究是最有效的；B．Malnutrition

is

a

direct

physiological

response

to

extreme

heat.营养不良是对酷热的直接生理反应；C．The

reasons

for

the

malnutrition

caused

by

extreme

heat

are

clear.酷热导致营养不良的原因很清楚；D．Many

aspects

may

account

for

the

malnutrition

caused

by

extreme

heat.酷热导致的营养不良有很多原因。故选D项。

（4）文章出处题。根据文章第一段Exposure

to

extreme

heat

increases

malnutrition

（营养不良）

among

babies

and

young

children

in

low-income

countries，threatening

to

change

decades

of

progress，Cornell

research

finds.（

康奈尔大学的研究发现，暴露在极端高温下会增加低收入国家婴儿和幼儿的营养不良，这可能会改变几十年来的进步）、第四段The

findings

are

worrying，the

researchers

said，because

temperatures

in

West

Africa

are

rising

and

expected

to

continue

to

do

so

for

several

decades.And

the

effects

of

malnutrition

in

early

childhood，which

are

linked

to

higher

death

rates

and

to

lower

education

and

incomes

in

adulthood，are

irreversible.（

研究人员表示，这些发现令人担忧，因为西非的气温正在上升，预计还会持续几十年。儿童早期营养不良的影响是不可逆转的，它与更高的死亡率以及成年后较低的教育和收入有关）以及最后一段More

research

is

needed

to

discover

the

drivers

of

those

effects

exactly，which

are

most

evident

between

6

and

15

months，but

they

are

likely

not

physiological

（生理的）

responses

to

direct

heat，the

researchers

predicted（研究人员预测，还需要更多的研究来准确发现这些影响的驱动因素，这些影响在6到15个月之间最为明显，但它们可能不是对直接热量的生理反应）可知，这是一篇说明文，文章探讨的是极端髙温对于社会发展的影响。由此推知，在杂志的"社会"部分可以找到类似内容，A．Health.健康；B．Society.社会；C．Education.教育；D．Technology.科技。故选B项。

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了极端髙温可能造成低收入国家和地区的孩子营养不良，进而影响社会的发展进步。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。

16~20.【答案】G、A、C、B、E【解析】（1）推理判断题。上文When

you

think

about

camping，you

always

associate

camping

with

tent

setup

and

campfire，which

is

only

one

part

of

a

larger

picture.（当你想到露营时，你总是把露营与帐篷和篝火联系在一起，这只是大局的一部分。）引出话题，提到露营。下文Whether

you

are

planning

an

overnight

trip

outdoors，a

weekend

getaway

or

just

a

day

trip，you

can

look

at

the

following

popular

types

of

camping

to

make

appropriate

arrangements.（无论你是计划一次户外过夜旅行、周末度假还是一日游，你都可以看看以下几种流行的露营方式来做出适当的安排。）说明不同的露营类型。由此推知，此处应谈到有很多我们想不到的类型的露营。G项（你可能会惊讶地发现，露营的类型不止一种。）能够承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。

（2）联系下文题。根据下文Then

dry

camping

is

a

good

option.（那么干露营是一个不错的选择。）可知，前文应为选择dry

camping的原因，有可能是担心露营的时候突然遇到洪水。由此可知，A项（你可能会担心山洪暴发的风险。）能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选A项。

（3）联系上文题。根据上文T