统计质量管理

第十四章统计质量管理目录第十四章统计质量管理23333445679习题第1页第十四章统计质量管理4.图5.第2页第十四章统计质量管理一、质量与质量波动原因由J·三、质量管理的简要历程在第十四章统计质量管理年。））653427—第十四章统计质量管理图第5页第十四章统计质量管理图μxn2ii,μ为μσ。μσμσ第十四章统计质量管理一、计量值控制图表Rx4点第7页第十四章统计质量管理R年1x4ijx1nxG列niijH列ijnjnkkxRRxii____22_RR43A、D和D234_xRx、Rii表是x是R第十四章统计质量管理表xx图Rp第9页第十四章统计质量管理ucX表ppp4年1pxp于miniinimiiikkmiipkknniipp)/np3pii和第十四章统计质量管理1kki图p第十四章统计质量管理σααβI256现7点位于同侧，或连续。图图32734。第页第十四章统计质量管理图是3σμσσ为Bσ。一、工序能力指数σ第页第十四章统计质量管理令TT为公差上限，TT=T—TULULCpTCpμMμ=MμMσμμ是x与Mp0.040)0.020)MU22^0.040)0.020)TCUpμ与MCC'ppk和C'pk；C'LTTp第十四章统计质量管理p0.040)0.020)U22^x50.017MkTT0.010)C：pCC'k)ppT)(T)TTTCULULpTxsULTTCUUpxTCLLLp(np)10，试计算工序能力指数C。pipnp==4104CLp第十四章统计质量管理C。pLLLpσσCp1.67C1.67Cppp1.00C1.33pp0.67CC。pp。第页第十四章统计质量管理Qualitymanagementisamethodforensuringthatalltheactivitiesnecessarytodesign,developandimplementaproductorserviceareeffectiveandefficientwithrespecttothesystemanditsperformance.Qualitymanagementusesqualityassuranceandcontrolofprocesses,andproductstoachievemoreconsistentquality.Qualitycontrol(QC)isaprocessemployedtoensureacertainlevelofqualityinaproductorservice.QChasastrongstatisticalfoundationbasedonathoroughknowledgeofvariability,systemsperspective,andbeliefincontinuousimprovement.SuchstatisticaltoolsasParetodiagrams,Fishbonediagram,andcontrolchartsareanintegralpartofthisapproach.Theprincipalfocusofthecontrolchartistoattempttoseparateassignablecausesofvariationfromcommoncausesofvariation.Assignablecausesofvariationrepresentlargefluctuationsorpatternsinthedatathatarenotinherenttoaprocess.Thesefluctuationsareoftencausedbychangesinasystemthatrepresenteitherproblemstobefixedoropportunitiestoexploit.CommonThemosttypicalformofcontrolchartswillsetcontrollimits）thatarewithin±3standarddeviationsofthestatisticalmeasureofinterest.Thecontrolchartisameansofmonitoringvariationinthecharacteristicofaproductorservicebyfocusingonthetimedimensioninwhichthesystemproducesproductsorservicesandstudyingthenatureofthevariabilityinthesystem.Thecontrolchartisusedtostudypastperformanceand/ortoevaluatepresentconditions.Datacollectedfromacontrolchartformthebasisforprocessimprovement.Controlchartsareusedfordifferenttypesofvariables–forcategoricalvariablesandcontinuousvariables.Theprocesscapabilityindexisastatisticalmeasureofprocesscapability:TheabilityofaProcesscapabilityindicesareconstructedtoexpressmoredesirablecapabilitywithincreasinglyhighervalues.Valuesnearorbelowzeroindicateprocessesoperatingofftargetorwithhighvariation.Paretodiagram,Fishbonediagram,fluctuation,assignablecauses,common