2023届山西省吕梁市高三第二次模拟考试英语试题 【含答案解析】

第1页/共1页吕梁市高三第二次模拟考试（2023.4）英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hegottoworkonfoot.B.Hemissedthebus.C.Hisbikewasstolen.2.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutswimmingnow?ADelighted.B.Scared.C.Relaxed.3.WhowillgotothemuseumwiththemanthisFriday?A.Hisgrandpa.B.Hisbrother.C.Hisparents.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Professorandstudent.5.Whatisthewomanprobablygoingtodo?A.Takeupswimming.B.Developahobby.C.Applyformembership.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatkindofappdoesthemanmainlyuse?A.Learning.B.Communication.C.Entertainment.7.Whatisthematterwiththeman’snewphone?A.Itssystemistooslow.B.Itsbrandisoutdated.C.Itsscreenisn’tbigenough.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthelastdoctor?A.Heisimpolitetopatients.B.Heistoostubborn.C.Heisyoungandcaring.9.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Cancelhisappointment.B.Chooseanotherclinic.C.Makeaphonecallearly.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atadepartmentstore.B.Atabookstore.C.Atalibrary.11.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Orderanitem.B.Tendherhusband.C.Changehershippingaddress.12.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Buyanothergift.B.Tryanotherplace.C.Leavehalfofthepayment.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toadvertiseajob.B.Tomakeareservation.C.Toenquireabouttherecruitment.14.Whatpositionisavailablenow?A.Waiters.B.Receptionists.C.Chefs.15.Howmanyhoursisthedayshift?A.Eighthours.B.Sevenhours.C.Elevenhours.16.Whatdoesthejoboffer?A.$5anhour.B.Aone-daybreakperweek.C.Acheapmeal.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whywasthepoolclosedthreedecadesago?A.Itsufferedhugelosses.B.Itneededexpanding.C.Itwasthoughttobeunsafe.18.Whodesignedthenewpool?A.Brackenside.B.EllenWendon.C.CoralWhite.19.Whatistheprivilegeofthewinnerofthecompetition?A.Decideonthefiguretobeused.B.Declarethepoolopen.C.Choosewhatfoodtobeoffered.20.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?A.Toexplainsomerules.B.Toannouncesomechanges.C.Toattractvisitorstothepool.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATopAmusementParksinAmericaFunSpotAmerica:Orlando,FloridaIfyou’relookingforamoreaffordablethemeparkexperienceintheOrlandoarea,FunSpotAmericaOrlandoshouldbeonyourradar.Thisthemeparkoffersaboatloadofridesandattractionsformuchlowerpricesthanatnearbyparks,includingsmallerrollercoasters,droprides,spinridesandaFerriswheel.SixFlagsMagicMountain:Valencia,CaliforniaSixFlagsMagicMountainisperfectforfamilieswithkidsofallages.FamilyridesatthistopCaliforniathemeparkincludeeverythingyouwouldexpect,frombumpercarstoaminiaturetrainforallages.Meanwhile,thepark’sthrillrideswillspinyoueverywhichwayordropyouupto250-plusfeet.TheWonderWomanFlightofCouragebecametheworld’stallestandlongestsingle-railcoasterwhenitopenedtoparkguestsinsummer2022.SeaWorldSanDiego:SanDiego,CaliforniaRidesandrollercoastersaredottedthroughoutSeaWorldSanDiego.GuestscanalsodiscoverlargecoastersliketheEmperor-thetallest,fastestandlongestdivecoasterinCalifornia.Inspring2023theparkissettolaunchabrandnewcoastercalledArcticRescue,whichwillbethefastestandlongeststraddlecoasterontheWestCoast.SeaWorldSanDiegoisopenyearround.SilverDollarCity:Branson,MissouriSilverDollarCityboastsbothathemeparkandawaterparknearthedowntownBranson.Missouri.The1880s-inspiredthemeparkitselffeaturesalmost40ridesandattractions,includingspinningcoasters,droprides,swingridesandmore.Thewaterparkishometo13acresofwaterrides,slides,andalazyriver.SilverDollarCityisopenthroughouttheyear,whilethewaterparkonlyopensseasonallyfromlateMaytoearlySeptember.1.Whichisaneconomicaloptionforatourist?A.SilverDollarCity. B.SeaWorldSanDiego.C.SixFlagsMagicMountain. D.FunSpotAmericaOrlando.2.WhatistheWonderWomanFlightofCourage?A.Along-standingride. B.Aworld-classfacility.C.Awell-knownmovie. D.Aman-madepark.3.WhatdoSeaWorldSanDiegoandSilverDollarCityhaveincommon?A.Theywilllaunchanewcoasterin2023.B.Theyarehometowaterridesandslides.C.Theyareopentopublicatallseasons.D.TheyarelocatedinthesamestateofAmerica.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个主题公园。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章FunSpotAmerica:Orlando,Florida中的“Ifyou’relookingforamoreaffordablethemeparkexperienceintheOrlandoarea,FunSpotAmericaOrlandoshouldbeonyourradar.Thisthemeparkoffersaboatloadofridesandattractionsformuchlowerpricesthanatnearbyparks,includingsmallerrollercoasters,droprides,spinridesandaFerriswheel.(如果你正在奥兰多地区寻找一个更实惠的主题公园体验，奥兰多美国游乐园应该在你的雷达上。这个主题公园提供了大量的游乐设施和景点，价格比附近的公园低得多，包括小型过山车、落差过山车、旋转过山车和摩天轮。)”可知，FunSpotAmericaOrlando对游客来说是比较节约的选择。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章SixFlagsMagicMountain:Valencia,California中的“TheWonderWomanFlightofCouragebecametheworld’stallestandlongestsingle-railcoasterwhenitopenedtoparkguestsinsummer2022.(神奇女侠勇气之旅于2022年夏天向公园游客开放，成为世界上最高、最长的单轨过山车。)”可知，神奇女侠勇气之旅是世界一流的（娱乐）设施。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章SeaWorldSanDiego:SanDiego,California中的“SeaWorldSanDiegoisopenyearround.(圣地亚哥海洋世界全年开放。)”和SilverDollarCity:Branson,Missouri中的“SilverDollarCityisopenthroughouttheyear,whilethewaterparkonlyopensseasonallyfromlateMaytoearlySeptember.(银元城全年开放，而水上乐园仅在5月底至9月初季节性开放。)”可知，两个主题公园都是一年四季向公众开放。故选C。BMichelleYeoh,afamousnameinChinesecinema,madehistoryonSundaynightbybecomingthefirstAsianwomantowintheAcademyAwardforbestactress.TheMalaysian-bornactresstookhomethecelebratedawardforherextraordinaryperformanceinthemultiversalcomedyEverythingEverywhereAllatOnce.Thefilm,whereYeohplaysastrugglinglaundromat(洗衣店)ownerwhoendsupsavingthemultiverse(多元宇宙),swepttheOscarswithatotalofsevenawards,includingforbestpictureandbestdirector,makingitthebiggestwinnerofthenight.“Forallthelittleboysandgirlswholooklikemewatchingtonight,thisisabeaconofhopeandpossibilities,”theactresssaidinheracceptancespeechinLosAngeles,toemphasizethatonemustdreambigasdreamsdocometrue.Theactressalsousedherspeechtohonorher84-year-oldmotherJanetYeoh.“Ihavetodedicatethistomymomandallthemomsintheworldbecausetheyarereallythesuperheroes,andwithoutthemnoneofuswouldbeheretonight,”shesaid.AftertakingoffinkungfucinemainHongKong,YeohfirstappearedinHollywoodinthe1997JamesBondmovieTomorrowNeverDies.Shegainedinternationalrecognitionforherroleasaswords-womaninAngLee’sfamousfilm,CrouchingTiger,HiddenDragon,whichwonthreeOscarsin2001.Yeohhasbeenheavilyindemandsinceherroleasacontrollingmatriarch(女家长)inCrazyRichAsians(2018).ShehasbecomeoneofthemostinfluentialstarsofChinese(血统)globally,saidShenDan,aseniorcriticoftheBeijingInternationalFilmFestival.“EverythingEverywhereAllatOnceseemstobespecificallycraftedforYeohbecausethemoviereflectsherdecades-longeffortstoraisetheculturalsignificanceofAsian-themedfilmsworldwide,”Shenadded.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutYeoh?A.Sheworkedatalaundromatyearsago.B.Sheisremarkableinthelatestcomedymovie.C.SherosetofamefirstinMalaysiafilmindustry.D.SheisthefirstChinesewomantowinanOscar.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeYeoh?A.Inspiringandgrateful. B.Productiveandgenerous.C.Ambitiousandcreative. D.Courageousandenthusiastic.6.WhatmadeYeohhavemoreaccesstothescreen?A.TherecommendationofAngLee.B.Hermother’scontinuousencouragement.C.HerroleinthemovieCrazyRichAsians.D.Heryearsofaccumulatedlearningexperience.7Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveythroughthetext?A.Artislongandlifeisshort.B.Comingeventscasttheirshadowsbefore.CEverybody’sbusinessisnobody’sbusiness.D.Theflowerofdreamswilleventuallybloom.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了杨紫琼获得奥斯卡最佳女演员的事情以及她的一些影视作品和影响。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“TheMalaysian-bornactresstookhomethecelebratedawardforherextraordinaryperformanceinthemultiversalcomedyEverythingEverywhereAllatOnce.(这位马来西亚出生的女演员凭借在多元宇宙喜剧《瞬息全宇宙》中的出色表演获得了这个著名的奖项。)”可知，杨紫琼在《瞬息全宇宙》这部喜剧电影中表演出色。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Forallthelittleboysandgirlswholooklikemewatchingtonight,thisisabeaconofhopeandpossibilities,(对于所有像我一样观看今晚比赛的小男孩和小女孩来说，这是一座希望和可能性的灯塔。)”可推断，她的成功是鼓舞人心的；根据第五段中““Ihavetodedicatethistomymomandallthemomsintheworldbecausetheyarereallythesuperheroes,andwithoutthemnoneofuswouldbeheretonight,”shesaid.(她说：“我要把这个奖献给我的妈妈和世界上所有的妈妈，因为她们真的是超级英雄，没有她们，我们今晚就不会站在这里。”)”可推断，她是感恩的。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第七段“Yeohhasbeenheavilyindemandsinceherroleasacontrollingmatriarch(女家长)inCrazyRichAsians(2018).(自从杨紫琼在《摘金奇缘》（2018）中饰演一位控制欲极强的女家长以来，她一直很受欢迎。)”可知，在《摘金奇缘》中的角色让杨紫琼更加受欢迎，有更多接触银幕的机会。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“MichelleYeoh,afamousnameinChinesecinema,madehistoryonSundaynightbybecomingthefirstAsianwomantowintheAcademyAwardforbestactress.(周日晚，中国电影界的知名人物杨紫琼成为首位获得奥斯卡最佳女主角奖的亚洲女性，创造了历史。)”及全文可推断，文章通过讲述杨紫琼的演艺经历和获得奥斯卡最佳女演员的事情来传达“梦想之花终究会绽放”的哲理。故选D。CGreenhousegasemissionsfromthewayhumansproduceandconsumefoodcouldaddnearly1degreeofwarmingtotheEarth’sclimateby2100,accordingtoanewstudy.Continuingthedietarypatternsoftodaywillpushtheplanetpastthe1.5degreesCelsiuslimitofwarmingsoughtundertheParisclimateagreementtoavoidtheworsteffectsofclimatechange,accordingtothestudypublishedMondayinNatureClimateChange.Thestudyfoundthatthemajorityofgreenhousegasemissionscomefromthreemajorsources:meatfromanimalslikecowsandsheep,dairyandrice.Thosethreesourcesaccountforatleast19percenteachoffood’scontributiontoawarmingplanet,accordingtothestudy,withmeatcontributingthemost,at33percent.Allemit（散发）largeamountsofmethane（甲烷）,apotent（强有力的）greenhousegaswithmorethan80timesthewarmingpowerofcarbondioxide,inthewaytheyarecurrentlyfarmed.Theresearcherscalculatedthatmethanewillaccountfor75percentoffood’sshareofwarmingby2030,withcarbondioxideandnitrousoxideaccountingformostoftherest.Thestudy’sleadauthor,CatherineC.Ivanovich,aclimatescientistatColumbiaUniversityandcolleaguescalculatedthethreemajorgasesproducedbyeachtypeoffoodoveritslifetimebasedoncurrentconsumptionpatterns.Theyscaledtheannualemissionsovertimebygasbasedonfivedifferentpopulationprojections.AndthentheyusedaclimatemodelfrequentlyusedbytheUnitedNations’panelonclimatechangetosimulatetheeffectsofthoseemissionsonsurfaceairtemperaturechange.Thestudyalsoofferedsomewaystochangeglobalfoodproductionandconsumptionthatcouldlimitwarming.“Butreducingmethanemaybethemostimportantgoalofall.Althoughmethaneisfarmorepotentthancarbon,itisalsomuchshorter-livedmeaningcutsinmethaneemissionscanhaveaquickbenefit,”Ivanovichsaid.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudy?A.Meatfromsomeraisedanimalsemitsquantitiesofmethane.B.Currentdietarypatternshavenoimpactontheclimatechange.C.Carbondioxideandnitrousoxidareverycommoninourdailylife.D.Onlymethaneshouldbeblamedforitscontributiontoglobalwarming.9.HowisParagraph4mainlydeveloped?A.Byaskingquestions. B.Byanalyzingcauses.C.Bygivingreasons. D.Bylistingstatistics.10.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A.Whoinitiatedthestudy. B.Howthestudywasconducted.C.Whythestudywasdesigned. D.Wherethestudywascarriedout.11.Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?A.Adeskdiary. B.Atravelwebsite.C.Asciencemagazine. D.Anacademicpaper.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类生产和消耗食物的方式影响气候变化的相关研究。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Thestudyfoundthatthemajorityofgreenhousegasemissionscomefromthreemajorsources:meatfromanimalslikecowsandsheep,dairyandrice.(该研究发现，大部分温室气体排放来自三个主要来源:牛羊等动物的肉类、乳制品和大米。)”和第四段“Allemit（散发）largeamountsofmethane（甲烷）,apotent（强有力的）greenhousegaswithmorethan80timesthewarmingpowerofcarbondioxide,inthewaytheyarecurrentlyfarmed.(它们都排放大量的甲烷，这是一种强效的温室气体，其温室效应是二氧化碳的80倍以上。)”可知，一些饲养动物的肉会产生大量甲烷。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Allemit（散发）largeamountsofmethane（甲烷）,apotent（强有力的）greenhousegaswithmorethan80timesthewarmingpowerofcarbondioxide,inthewaytheyarecurrentlyfarmed.Theresearcherscalculatedthatmethanewillaccountfor75percentoffood’sshareofwarmingby2030,withcarbondioxideandnitrousoxideaccountingformostoftherest.(它们都排放大量的甲烷，这是一种强效的温室气体，其温室效应是二氧化碳的80倍以上。研究人员计算出，到2030年，甲烷将占食物变暖的75%，二氧化碳和一氧化二氮占其余的大部分。)”可知，本段主要通过列数字来说明甲烷是全球变暖的重要因素。故选D。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“Thestudy’sleadauthor,CatherineC.Ivanovich,aclimatescientistatColumbiaUniversityandcolleaguescalculatedthethreemajorgasesproducedbyeachtypeoffoodoveritslifetimebasedoncurrentconsumptionpatterns.Theyscaledtheannualemissionsovertimebygasbasedonfivedifferentpopulationprojections.AndthentheyusedaclimatemodelfrequentlyusedbytheUnitedNations’panelonclimatechangetosimulatetheeffectsofthoseemissionsonsurfaceairtemperaturechange.(该研究的主要作者、哥伦比亚大学的气候科学家凯瑟琳·C·伊万诺维奇及其同事根据当前的消费模式计算了每种食物在其一生中产生的三种主要气体。他们根据五种不同的人口预测，按时间计算了天然气的年排放量。然后，他们使用了联合国气候变化专门委员会经常使用的气候模型来模拟这些排放对地表气温变化的影响。)”可知，本段主要在描述研究是如何进行的。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章介绍了人类生产和消耗食物的方式影响气候变化的相关研究，可能来自一本科学杂志。故选C。DNexttimeyou’rehavingtroublesolvingatrickypuzzle,consideraskinganearbybumblebee.AnewstudyinthejournalPLOSBiologyfindsthatthesehumbleinsectscanactuallylearntosolvepuzzlesfromoneanother,suggestingthatevensomeinvertebrates(无脊椎动物)likethesesocialinsectshaveacapacityforwhatwehumanscall“culture.”“Thesecreaturesarereallyquiteincredible.They’rereallygoodatlearningdespitehavingthesetinybrains,”saysAliceBridges,abehavioralecologistatAngliaRuskinUniversityinEngland.“Inthepastcoupleofdecades,agrowingbodyofevidencehasshownthatanimalslikechimpsandbirdsshowevidenceofculture,bywhichwereallymeanjustthatanimalslearnfromeachother.”saysAndyWhiten,acognitiveethologist(认知动物行为学家)whostudieswildanimalmindsattheUniversityofStAndrewsinScotland.“Nobody’sreallythoughttolookatitininvertebratesbefore,”saysBridges.Shesetouttoprovethemwrong.“Basically,IbuiltitoutofPetridishes,”shesays.ThebaseofthePetridishheldthereward:adropofsupersweetsugarwater.Bridgescutasmallholeinthelid“toformarotating(旋转)topthatcanbespunbypushingeitheronthisredtabclockwise(顺时针)orthebluetabanti-clockwise.”Shetrainedsomebeestohead-butttheredtabtogetthesugarwaterandtrainedotherstopushthebluetab.Then,Bridgesplacedthesetutorbeesinsidedifferentcolonies,alongwiththepuzzleboxes.Theexperimentshowedthatincolonieswherethetutorbeehadoriginallylearnedtopushtheredtab,theotherbeesinthecolonyusuallypushedtheredtab.Incolonieswherethetutorbeewastrainedtopushthebluetab,theirfellowbeestendedtodothesame.“Wefoundthatthebehaviorsspreadamongthecolonies,”shesays,“Theycopiedthebehaviorofdemonstratorsevenwhenoccasionallytheydiscoveredthattheycoulddothealternative.”12.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph1?A.Tomakeaprediction. B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Togiveanexample. D.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.13.WhatcanwelearnfromBridges’swords?A.Differentcolonieslikedifferentcolors.B.Cultureismadeupofmultipletraditions.C.Bumblebeesaretoohumbletolearnsomethingnew.D.Nopreviousstudiesfocusonthecultureininvertebrates.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demonstrators”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Tutorbees. B.Puzzleboxes. C.Differentcolonies. D.Chimpsandbirds.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.InvertebratesAretheSmartestintheWorldB.ABehavioralEcologistHasMadeaSuccessfulExperimentC.AnimalslikeBumblebeesCanTransmitCertainBehaviorsCulturallyD.InsectCultureLooksRatherDifferentfromThatSeenamongHumans【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了像大黄蜂这样的无脊椎动物存在传递某种行为的现象。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Nexttimeyou’rehavingtroublesolvingatrickypuzzle,consideraskinganearbybumblebee.(下次当你在解决一个棘手的难题时，可以考虑问一下附近的大黄蜂)”以及第二段“AnewstudyinthejournalPLOSBiologyfindsthatthesehumbleinsectscanactuallylearntosolvepuzzlesfromoneanother,suggestingthatevensomeinvertebrates(无脊椎动物)likethesesocialinsectshaveacapacityforwhatwehumanscall“culture.”(发表在《公共科学图书馆·生物学》杂志上的一项新研究发现，这些不起眼的昆虫实际上可以相互学习解决难题，这表明即使是一些无脊椎动物，比如这些群居昆虫，也有我们人类所谓的“文化”能力)”可推知，第1段的目的是引入文章话题。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Nobody’sreallythoughttolookatitininvertebratesbefore(以前没有人想过在无脊椎动物身上观察它)”可知，以前没有关于无脊椎动物培养的研究。故选D。14题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Theexperimentshowedthatincolonieswherethetutorbeehadoriginallylearnedtopushtheredtab,theotherbeesinthecolonyusuallypushedtheredtab.Incolonieswherethetutorbeewastrainedtopushthebluetab,theirfellowbeestendedtodothesame.(实验表明，在导师蜜蜂最初学会推红色标签的群体中，群体中的其他蜜蜂通常会推红色标签。在导师蜜蜂被训练去推蓝色标签的群体中，它们的同伴也倾向于这样做)”以及最后一段“Wefoundthatthebehaviorsspreadamongthecolonies(我们发现这种行为在峰群中传播开来)”可知，蜜蜂会模仿导师蜜蜂的行为，故画线词指的是“导师蜜蜂”。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“AnewstudyinthejournalPLOSBiologyfindsthatthesehumbleinsectscanactuallylearntosolvepuzzlesfromoneanother,suggestingthatevensomeinvertebrates(无脊椎动物)likethesesocialinsectshaveacapacityforwhatwehumanscall“culture.”(发表在《公共科学图书馆·生物学》杂志上的一项新研究发现，这些不起眼的昆虫实际上可以相互学习解决难题，这表明即使是一些无脊椎动物，比如这些群居昆虫，也有我们人类所谓的“文化”能力)”结合文章介绍了像大黄蜂这样的无脊椎动物存在传递某种行为的现象。可知，C选项“像大黄蜂这样的动物可以在文化上传播某些行为”最符合文章标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Evenifyoudon’thavealargeareainyouryard,youcanstillmakeabeautifulgardenthatmaximizesthespaceyouhave.Beforeyoubegindiggingorplanting,makesureyouhaveadetailedplanaboutwhereyourgardenisandtheplantsyouwanttoinclude.____16____Optforanareathatgets6-8hoursofsundaily.Sincemostfloweringplantsandvegetablesrequiremuchsun,optforthesunniestareainyouryardtoplaceyourgarden.____17____Iftheareayouhavetochoosedoesn’tgetalotoflightduringtheday,youmaystillbeabletogrowplantsthatthriveintheshade.Pickaspotthat’sclosetoawatersource.Trytofindanareathateitherhasanaturalwatersourceorsitsclosetoyouroutdoorhoseattachment.____18____Ifyouaren’tabletoplaceyourgardendirectlybyawatersource,makesureit’sascloseaspossible.Youcanalsotrybuildinganartificialpondorwaterfeatureifyouwanttohelpkeepthesoilhydrated.____19____Lookforaplaceinyouryardwhereyoucanseeyourgardenfromawindoworaspotinyouryardsoyou’reabletoenjoyit.Makesureyoucanwalkintoyourgardenwitheasetomakeiteasiertotakecareofyourplants.Avoidplacingitanywherethat’sdifficulttogetto,orelseitmaybecomemoreofahassle.Measurethespaceyouhaveavailableforyourgarden.Stretchameasuringtapeacrossthelengthofthearea,andrecordthemeasurementonapieceofpaper.____20____Double-checkyourmeasurementstomakesurethey’reaccuratesoyoucanplanthespaceefficiently.Typically,plotsgrowbestinrectangularareas,butyoucanmakeyourgardenadifferentshape,suchasatriangleorcircle,ifitfitsthespacebetter.A.Thentakethemeasurementforthewidthofthearea.B.Selectvarietiesofsmallplantstomaximizethespace.C.Chooseaplacewhereyoucaneasilyaccessyourgarden.D.Ifitfeelsdry,useawateringcantowaterthesoiluntilit’swetenough.E.Herearesometipstohelpyouchoosethebestlocationofyourgarden.F.Thus,youcaneasilymakethesoilstaymoistandmakeitlesslikelytodryout.G.Plantsthatdon’treceiveenoughlightwon’tproducemanybloomsorgrowwell.【答案】16.E17.G18.F19.C20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为花园选择最佳位置的几条建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Beforeyoubegindiggingorplanting,makesureyouhaveadetailedplanaboutwhereyourgardenisandtheplantsyouwanttoinclude.(在你开始挖掘或种植之前，确保你有一个详细的计划，关于你的花园在哪里以及你想要种植的植物。)”以及下文提到的几条花园选址的建议，空白处承上启下。E选项“Herearesometipstohelpyouchoosethebestlocationofyourgarden.(这是帮助你选择最佳花园位置的几条建议。)”符合题意。故选E。【17题详解】根据上文“Sincemostfloweringplantsandvegetablesrequiremuchsun,optforthesunniestareainyouryardtoplaceyourgarden.(因为大多数开花植物和蔬菜都需要充足的阳光，所以选择院子里阳光最充足的地方来种植你的花园。)”可知，大多数开花植物和蔬菜都需要充足的阳光，由此可知，空白处应是植物得不到足够阳光的后果。G选项“Plantsthatdon’treceiveenoughlightwon’tproducemanybloomsorgrowwell.(得不到充足阳光的植物将不会开出很多花，长得也不好。)”符合题意。故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Trytofindanareathateitherhasanaturalwatersourceorsitsclosetoyouroutdoorhoseattachment.(试着找一个有天然水源或靠近室外水管的地方。)”可知，空白处应该承接上文，指出这样选择位置的目的。F选项“Thus,youcaneasilymakethesoilstaymoistandmakeitlesslikelytodryout.(这样有利于让土壤保持湿润，不至于会变干。)”符合题意。故选F。【19题详解】这里为本段小标题。根据下文第四段的内容“Lookforaplaceinyouryardwhereyoucanseeyourgardenfromawindoworaspotinyouryardsoyou’reabletoenjoyit.Makesureyoucanwalkintoyourgardenwitheasetomakeiteasiertotakecareofyourplants.Avoidplacingitanywherethat’sdifficulttogetto,orelseitmaybecomemoreofahassle.(在院子里找一个你可以从窗户看到花园的地方，或者院子里的一个地方，这样你就可以享受花园了。确保你可以轻松地走进你的花园，这样更容易照顾你的植物。避免把它放在难以到达的地方，否则它可能会变得更麻烦。)”可知，本段主要介绍选择花园要找一个容易进入的地方。C选项“Chooseaplacewhereyoucaneasilyaccessyourgarden.(选择一个你容易进入的地方。)”符合题意。故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“Stretchameasuringtapeacrossthelengthofthearea,andrecordthemeasurementonapieceofpaper.(在该区域的长度上拉伸卷尺，并在一张纸上记录测量结果。)”和下文“Double-checkyourmeasurementstomakesurethey’reaccuratesoyoucanplanthespaceefficiently.(仔细检查你的测量，以确保它们是准确的，这样你就可以有效地规划空间。)”可知，上下文是测量花园的一些步骤，空白处也应是测量的步骤。A选项“Thentakethemeasurementforthewidthofthearea.(然后测量选择区域的宽度。)”符合题意。故选A。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LivinginMexico,Istruggledwiththelanguage.Thekidsinour____21____calledme“TheAmericanLady.”Oneday,asIwas____22____outsideinthesmallgarden,twolittleboysranuptomygate,“Lady,lady,blahblahblah.”That’swhatIunderstood,buttheirgesturemademewanttofindoutwhatwasso____23____.Iwalkeddownthestreetwiththem.Atthecorner,I___24___apileofgarbagewithasmalldogontop.Thepoorlittleanimalsmelled____25____.Ididn’tknowhowlongshe’dbeenthere,butI____26____sheneededwater.Iranhometogetwaterandalittlefood,Tedaskedwhatwasup,andI____27____whatIhadfound.Hereturnedwithme,carryingacatcage.Iputdownthewaterandasmallcupwiththefood.Thepuppylookedatthefoodbutdidn’tmakeanyefforttoeatordrink.Tedsaidweneededtogethertothe____28____assoonaspossible.Weputthepuppyintothecageand____29____setout.Aswewereshownintotheexamroom,Itookheroutofthe_____30_____andputheronthemetaltable.Thepuppylookedupatmeandthen,withallher_____31_____,pulledherselfovertomeand_____32_____herheadonmystomach.Thatwasit.Thiswasmypuppy.What_____33_____mewasthepuppywasprobablyfourmonthsold,andwewereinourlateseventies.Idon’tthinkoldpeopleshouldadoptyounganimals.Ihadseentoomanycasesoftryingtofindhomesiftheowners_____34_____,butallthatreasoningflewoutofthewindowwhenthatpuppylaidherheadonmystomach.Shehadchosenme,andIwouldn’t_____35_____her.21.A.city B.hospital C.neighborhood D.school22.A.working B.struggling C.marching D.hiking23.A.fundamental B.urgent C.dramatic D.complicated24.A.classified B.threw C.picked D.spotted25.A.awful B.fragrant C.marvelous D.sour26.A.guarded B.warned C.concluded D.ignored27.A.assumed B.displayed C.whispered D.explained28.A.shelter B.vet C.expert D.bank29.A.initially B.hesitantly C.immediately D.completely30.A.cage B.box C.trunk D.seat31.A.emotion B.strength C.memory D.action32.A.transformed B.shook C.bowed D.placed33.A.bothered B.failed C.claimed D.amused34.A.leftoff B.testedout C.tookflight D.passedaway35.A.carry B.abandon C.exchange D.possess【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.C27.D28.B29.C30.A31.B32.D33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者领养了一只流浪狗的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：邻居的孩子们都叫我“美国小姐”。A.city城市；B.hospital医院；C.neighborhood邻居；D.school学校。根据“twolittleboysranuptomygate,”可知，作者所在小区的孩子们把作者称为“美国太太”。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当我正在外面的小花园里干活时，两个小男孩跑到我家门口，“女士，女士，等等等等。”A.working工作；B.struggling努力；C.marching行进；D.hiking远足。根据“outsideinthesmallgarden,”可知，作者正在花园里干活，此时两个小男孩跑了过来。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是我所理解的，但他们的手势让我想知道是什么如此紧急。A.fundamental基本的；B.urgent紧急的；C.dramatic戏剧性的；D.complicated复杂难懂的。根据“Iwalkeddownthestreetwiththem.”可知，作者从两个小孩的手势能感觉到有什么紧急的事，让作者去一探究竟。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在拐角处，我发现了一堆垃圾，上面有一只小狗。A.classified分类；B.threw扔；C.picked捡；D.spotted发现。根据“apileofgarbagewithasmalldogontop.”可知，作者在一堆垃圾上面发现一条小狗。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这可怜的小动物身上散发着难闻的气味。A.awful糟糕的；难闻的；B.fragrant芬香的；C.marvelous令人惊异的；D.sour酸的。根据“apileofgarbage”可知，小狗在垃圾上面，味道很难闻。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道她在那里待了多久，但我断定她需要水。A.guarded守卫；B.warned警告；C.concluded推断出；D.ignored忽略。根据“Ididn’tknowhowlongshe’dbeenthere,”可知，作者不知道她在那里待了多久，但是能断定她需要喝水。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跑回家去拿水和一些食物，泰德问我怎么了，我解释了我的发现。A.assumed假定；B.displayed显示；C.whispered低语；D.