【河南中考英语解题技巧】阅读技巧-细节理解题、词义猜测题(原卷版)

阅读技巧--细节理解题、词义猜测题考点一细节理解题一、细节理解类题目常见的设问方式ofthefollowingistrue/false/mentioneddoesthewriterpaytheleastattentiontotherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.ofthefollowingstatementsmaybetrue/falseexcept...ofthefollowingisnottheresultof...ofthefollowingbestcharacterizesthemainfeatureof...二、快速辨认和记忆事实或细节.查读法查读是在读者对材料有所了解的情况下进行的。查读的特点是带着问题寻找答案。(1)用略读的方法通读阅读材料,对原文有一个大概的了解,掌握其主旨。(2)按文章的体裁,如按记叙文、说明文和议论文等及作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词,如forexample,first,second等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。(3)把主要精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，眼睛自左至右,自上而下呈Z形扫视，直至找到你所需要的部分。待找到你所需要的部分时,可放慢速度,细读要查找的内容。.按段落组织模式阅读如:时间型段落作者在记叙或说明历史人物或事件时,往往按时间先后的顺序组织细节。这种按时间顺序组织细节的段落模式叫作时间型段落。时间型段落都有明显的信息词。如first,then,afterwards,shortlyafterthat,later,next,after,before,atlast,finally等。略读时,通过上述信息确定是否为“时间型”段落,然后按时间信息词的先后顺序进行查阅,寻找有关的细节。这种按时间模式阅读的方法,有助于读者快速寻找细节,记住细节。考点四词义猜测题.题型特点这类题型旨在考查学生利用上下文对词、词组以及句子的辨别能力。利用上下文猜测词义是阅读理解的基本技巧之一,也是我们学习词汇的主要方法。在阅读过程中,有些同学一遇到生僻词语就求助词典,这是不可取的。一遇到生僻词语就查阅词典不但会使我们养成依赖词典的习惯,而且还会影响阅读速度。我们阅读汉语文章时遇到不认识的词语是否都查词典呢答案是否定的。可是我们如何理解它们呢利用上下文提示猜测词义就是诀窍。词义猜测题的类型主要有三种:熟词新义要求学生在某一特定的语言环境中推断某一多义词的正确意思;生词释义要求学生根据范围较小的上下文推断出词义;难句释义要求学生根据范围稍大的上下文推断句意。.词义猜测题主要的设问方式What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword/phrase...inChineseTheunderlinedword…refersto/probablymeans...Theunderlinedword…couldbereplacedby...Whatisthemeaningof...Whichofthefollowingwordscantaketheplaceoftheword....词义猜测题的解题技巧(1)通过因果关系猜测词义通过因果关系猜词,首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词。有时文章会借助关联词(如because,as,since,for,so,thus,asaresult,ofcourse,therefore等)来猜测词义。例Youshouldn'thaveblamedhimforthat,foritwasn'thisfault.解析通过for连接的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错),可猜出blame的词义是“责备”。(2)通过同义词和同义关系猜测词义在文章中,有时作者为避免重复,或为了表达同一事物的不同种类,使用同义词或近义词。在这种情况下,我们就可以利用同义词、近义词的关系从熟悉的词语推测不熟悉词语的含义。通过同义词猜词，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如happyandgay,即使我们不认识gay这个词,也可以知道它是“愉快”的意思;二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词。(3)通过反义词和反义关系猜测词义有时作者为了说明相反的两件事或人,使用了一些反义词或表示反义关系的词语来进行对比,我们可以利用已知单词推测未知单词的词义。通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折或对比关系的连词或副词，如but,while,however等;二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语。例Heissohomely,notatallashandsomeashisbrother.解析根据“notatallashandsome...”我们不难推测出homely是“不英俊,不漂亮”的意思。(4)通过构词法猜测词义在阅读文章时,我们总会遇上一些新词汇,有时很难根据上下文来推断其词义,而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用,此时,若掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等构词法知识,这些问题便不难解决了。(5)通过定义或释义关系猜测词义定义或解释形式多样，常由is,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,call,mean,beconsideredtobe,referto,becalled,beknownas,define,represent,signify等词汇或破折号来表示。作者为了更好地表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等进行解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性,利用它们猜词义比较容易。如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义,理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。(6)根据上下文猜测词义①有些单词并不能直接猜测出其词义,但可以根据上下文的提示猜测出其词义。例OneofthethingsIalwaysbelieveisthatnomatterhowbadsomethingis,youcantakesomethingpositiveoutofit.Itwasn’tuntilafewweeksafterSeptember11thatIbegantoseethatperhapssomegooddidcomefromthistragedy.Theword“positive”inthepassageprobablymeans.解析根据上文“我一直认为不管世间的事物有多么糟,你还是能发现它积极的一面”可知答案是C。②在句子或段落中，若事物、现象之间构成因果关系，我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推测生词词义。例Ifhethinkshecaninvitemeout,heisalldon'tliketobewithhim.Theunderlinedphrase“allwet”means.解析根据下文“我不喜欢跟他在一起”可知，他如果认为能约我出去，那就“错了”。因此D是正确答案。(7)根据生活常识猜测词义有时,我们利用自己的生活常识,便可知道生词的含义。例Adeaf-and-dumbguywentintoahardwarestoretoaskforsomenails.解析从句子意思可知他想买钉子,那么卖钉子的商店无疑是五金店。(8)利用单词的发音进行推测英语中有些单词来自汉语，与汉语的发音有些相似，另外也有一些单词译成汉语时采用音译，如:sofa(沙发),coffee(咖啡),typhoon(台风),aspirin(阿司匹林),nylon(尼龙)等。因此，利用单词的发音也是一种猜测的手段。例TheOlympicGamesbeganinthe5thcenturyBC.OnedayitwasrevealedthatMrsMorelhadcancerandwasbeyondanyhelpexceptthatofmorphine.解析上面这两个句子中画线的两个词,只要我们能准确发音,就能知道它们的意思是“奥林匹克”和“吗啡”。真题训练CaiLuninventedpaperaround2,000yearsagoinChina.Itisanimportantinvention.Beforetheinventionofpaper,peoplehadtorememberlotsofinformationorwriteitonstone,wood,leaves,etc.Todayeveryoneintheworldusespaper.Withpaper,wecanmakebooksandprintnewspapers.Sharinginformationisaloteasierwiththehelpofpaper.Peopleusepapereveryday.Studentsdohomeworkandkeepadiaryonpaper.Paperisagreatinvention.AlanTuringwasborninLondon,England,in1912.HeattendedCambridgeUniversityfrom1931to1934.Turingwasamathematician（数学家）andacomputerscientist.ManypeoplecalledTuringthefatherofcomputerscience.Hecreatedthefirstdesign（设计）foramoderncomputer.Turingwantedtoknowifamachinecouldthinkforitselfandtricksomeoneintobelievingtheywerehavingaconversationwithanotherperson.ThisbecameknownastheTuringtest.Inthetest,ahumantalkedtotwootherpeoplethroughacomputer.Onewasamachine,andtheotherwasaperson.Thisideaisstillusedtoday.waspaperinventedbyCaiLun2,000yearsago.200yearsago.1,000yearsago.100yearsago.candothefollowingthingswithpaperEXCEPT.information newspaperstheTuringtest bookspeopleconsideredAlanTuringtobe.inventorofprinting fatherofmoderneducationinventorofpaper fatherofcomputerscienceordertohavethetest,Turingneeded.people,onecomputerandamachinepeople,onecomputerandamachinepeople,twocomputersandamachineperson,onecomputerandamachinethepassage,weknowCaiLun'sinventionandTuring'sideaaretoaccept usedanymoretopeople usedtodayLiShizhen（李时珍）wasoneofthemostfamousdoctorsinChinesehistory.HewasborninQichun,Hubeiin1518.BothofLiShizhen'sfatherandgrandfatherweredoctors.LiShizhen'sgrandfatherwasacountrydoctorwhotraveledinthecountrysidewithabagofherbs（药草）andmedicationsandcured（治愈）people.Hisfatherwasadoctorwhowroteseveralbooks.LiShizhenusedtohelphisfatherinhismedicalpracticewhenhewasyoung.LiShizhen'sfatherwantedhimtoenterpolitics（从政）.LiShizhenstudiedfortheexamsandpassedthecountry-levelexamination,buthewasneverabletopasstheimperial（帝国的）examination.Whenhewas38,hecuredthesonofthePrinceofChuandwasinvitedtobeanofficialinthatcourt（宫廷）.Afewyearslater,hebecameanofficialattheImperialMedicalInstitute.Eventhoughhefulfilledhisfather'sdream,hedidn'twanttocontinueworkingforthecourt.Oneyearlater,heleftthecourtandreturnedtobeadoctoragain.LiShizhenwasfamousforhisbook,CompendiumofMateriaMedica（《本草纲目》）.Hespent27yearswritingthebook.Unluckily,LiShizhendiedbeforethebookwasofficiallypublished.Itissuchasuccessfulbook.NowitisstilloneofthemostimportantmedicalbooksinChina.wasLiShizhen’sgrandfatherofficial. prince.countrydoctor. writer.didLiShizhen’sfatherwantLiShizhentodobeadoctor. writeabook.beaprince. enterpolitics.hewas38,LiShizhencured.grandfathersonofthePrinceofChuofficialinthatcountryfamousdoctortothepassage,whatwasLiShizhenfamousforforthecourt.book,CompendiumofMateriaMedica.longtraveling.alotofpeople.doesthepassagemainlytalkaboutShizhen’slife.Shizhen’sgrandfather’slife.Shizhen’sfather’slife.Shizhen’sbook.Don’tJudgeaBookbyItsCoverEversinceIwasalittlegirl,I’velovedreadingcrimeanddetective（侦探）novels,soIguessitwasprettynormalthatIstartedwritingthemwhenIwasolder.However,myfamilyisverybigonhavingatraditionalcareer（职业）andsowhenIsaidthatIwantedtogotocollegeandstudywriting,myparentstoldmethatIcouldn't.TheytoldmethatIhadtostudyforadegreesothatIwouldachieveacareer,andnotsomethingasriskyaswriting.IsupposeIcouldhavestudiedjournalism（新闻专业）,butIdidn'twanttoloseinterestinwritingbecauseitwouldbesomethingIwoulddoeverydayforwork,notforpleasure.Ithoughtthatteachinglookedlikeaprettygoodcompromise（妥协）,especiallybecauseofthelongholidays.Itwasagoodchoice:bythetimeIwastwenty-five,IDdalreadyfinishedtwonovelsandhadanagent.Tobehonest,Inevermeanttokeepmybeingacrimewriterasecretoranything,andmyfriendshavealwaysknown.Oneofthereasonsmostpeopledon’tknowisbecausemyagenttoldmethatmynameHazelsoundedtoomuchlikearomance（浪漫）novelistforolderwomen.ShesuggestedBrookeLaneandIthought,“Well,ifyouthinkit’llmakemesuccessful,okay.”I’dtotallyforgottenaboutituntilIwalkedintoschoolonedayandsawoneofmyworkmatesreadingmynovel.Iaskedhersomequestionsaboutit,anditwassoclearthatshehadnoideathatIDdwrittenit—sheevenofferedtolendittomeaftershe’dfinished!Ofcourse,sometimesIwonderwhatmystudentswouldthinkiftheyknewthattheirteacherwasgoinghomeontheweekendtowriteaboutmurdersanddeadbodies,butIthinkmyparentsprobablydidmeafavor:myteachingjobkeepsmeintouchwiththerealworld.isprobably.agent journalistteacherandartistteacherandwriterunderlinedwords“isverybigon”inthepassagemostprobablymean.givenoadvicelikesomethingverymuchhavemoreexperiencesmisunderstandsomething’sclearthatHazel.tostudyjournalismforadegreeBrookeLaneasherpennameliketowritesomethingforteachingherworkmatesaboutherwritingnovelsfinallyrealizedthatherparents,adviceonhercareerwas.caninferfromthepassagethat.likesshowingoffinpublicsstudentsallwanttowritenovelssagenthasplayedaroleinhersuccesswomenpreferthenameBrooketoHazel四World-famousphysicist（物理学家）StephenHawkingdiedpeacefullyathishomeinCambridgeonMarch14th,2021.HawkingwasborninOxford,EnglandonJanuary8th,1942.HewenttoschoolinasmallcitynearLondon.Ashehimselfadmitted,hewasn’tveryseriousaboutstudying.Hedidverylittlework;hewasnevertopofhisclass.However,hestillachievedgoodmarks.Afterleavingschool,HawkingfirstwenttoOxfordUniversitytostudyphysics.ThenhewenttoCambridgeUniversitytostudycosmology（宇宙学）.Attheageof21,Hawkingnoticedsomethingwrongwithhim.Hehadabadillnessthatstoppedhimfrommovingandtalking.Hecouldn'tcommunicateexceptbyblinking（眨眼）.Hesatonawheelchairwithacomputerbyhisside.Tocommunicatewithothers,hemovedtwofingerstocontrolthecomputer’smouse.Hechosehiswordsfromthescreen,whichwerethenspokenbyavoicesynthesizer（音响合成器）.“I’vehadthediseaseformostofmylife,”Hawkingoncesaid.“Yetithasnotstoppedmefrombeingsuccessfulatmywork.”AlthoughHawkingwasadisabledman,hemadegreatachievements.Hereceivedmanyawardsandprizesforhiswork,includingtheAlbertEinsteinAward—thehighestachievementinphysics.HawkingworkedatCambridgeUniversityasaprofessor.Hisstoryshowsthatnobody,howeverbadtheirsituationis,shouldlosehope.“Lifeisnotfair,”heoncesaid.“Youjusthavetodothebestyoucaninyourownsituation.”didStephenHawkingpassawayJanuary8th,1942.March14th,2021.March24th,2021.studyinginasmallcitynearLondon,weknowthat.HawkingwasthebeststudentofhisclassHawkingdidn’tworkhardathislessonsHawkingbegantostudycosmologyhappenedtoStephenHawkingwhenhewas21wassomethingwrongwithhishead.couldn’tevenblinktocommunicateexceptbymovingfingers.couldneithertalknormove.didStephenHawkingcommunicatewithothersafterthebadillnessmouth.bodylanguages.avoicesynthesizer.wasStephenHawkingsosuccessfulathisworkheneverlosthopeinhisowncondition.lifewasnotfairtohim.hehadabadillness.五There’smuchtoseeunderthesea,butyouneedtorememberthatlightbehavesdifferentlyinwaterthaninair.Theobjectsappearclosertoyouthantheyexactlyare.Youmightfindyourselfreachingouttotouchsomethingandcompletelymissingit.Objectsunderwaterwillappearlargerthantheywouldonthesurface,too.Becarefulnottotellanystoriesaboutthebigfishthatgotaway.Thatfishmightnotbesobigafterall!It’sjustbecausesometimesthingscanseemtobeasmuchasabout33percentbiggerinwater!What’smore,indeeperwater,colorsjustdon’tseemasbright.Infact,itlooksasifsomecolorsaremissing.Rememberthecolorofanobjectresultsfromthewavelengths（波长）oflightthatarereflected（反射）fromitssurface.Andlightistakeninasitmovesdownthroughthewater.Swimmerswearwetsuitstokeepwarmunderwater.Let’stakeabrightred,yellow,andbluewetsuitasanexample.Thesecolorsarehardtomissonthesurfaceofwater.Watchcarefullythechangesincolorasyoudescendinthewater.Theredpartnowlooksalmostblackbecausetheredlightwavelengths,thelongestamongthesethreecolors,aremissing.Asyougodowndeeper,thesamethingwillhappentotheyellowpartandintheendtothebluepart.Evenataplaceofabout6to9metersunderwater,youwilllookterrible,likeaghost（鬼怪）！Andyouhavetowaitforyourreturntothesurfacetoenjoythebrightcolorsagain!misstheobjectunderwaterwhenyouwanttotouchitbecause.eyesightisquitepoorarenotquickenoughisnotascloseasitseemsdisappearsveryquicklyexampleofthewetsuitisusedtoexplainthechangeofofanobjectunderwater.sizecolorpositionweightunderlinedword“descend”probablymeansinChineseinthispassage.A.上升 B.漂浮 C.屏息D.下潜ofthefollowingistruefour-meter-longfishlooksthreemeterslongunderwater.wavelengthsofredlightarelongerthanthoseofbluelight.waterwillbetakeninbytheswimmerdeepinthewater.willseeaghostifyougoasdeepas6to9metersintothesea.besttitleofthispassageis.StandardofColorUnderwaterDirectionofLightUnderwaterBrightnessofColorUnderwaterBehaviorofLightUnderwater六Travelingcanbeexpensive.Buttherearesomewaystosavemoneywhentraveling.Trysomeoftheadvicebelowonyournextvacationandyourwalletwillthankyou.Lookforcitytourismcards.Withthecard,youcanpaylessatrestaurantsandshops.Youdon’thavetowaitforalongtimeatbusyattractions.Youmightevengetfreeticketstotoptouristattractions.Citytourismcardscansaveyourmoneyandtimewithoutquestion.Don’tgetthebestroom.HowlongwillyoustayinyourroomWillyoujustbesleepingthereDoyoureallyneedabiggerroomwithagoodview（景色）Findahoteloutsideacity.Itcanhelpyousavesomemoneybychoosingahotelawayfrombigtouristattractions,foryouarealwaysdoingthesame—gototheattractionsandthenreturntoyourhoteltosleep.Book（预订）aroomwithakitchen.Althoughsomepeoplemightnotliketocookwhileonvacation,Idon'tmindmakingbreakfastinmyroom.Wealwayseatatanicerestaurantonourlastnightofthevacation.I’drathereatbreakfastandlunchatthehotelandthenspendmuchmoneyonadelicioussupper.阅读上面的信息,选择正确答案。,youcanpaylessatrestaurantsandshops.cards cardscards cardsunderlinedwords“touristattractions”inParagraph2mean.A.旅游方式 B.旅游设施C.旅游手册 D.旅游景点savesomemoney,thewriteradvisestouriststo.thebestroomnearbigtouristattractionsawayfrombigtouristattractionsamapwiththemwhentravelingwriterpreferstomakebreakfastandlunchinthehotelbecause.arehealthierandmoredeliciouslikescookersinthehotelarenotanyrestaurantsintheneighborhood’dratherspendmuchmoneyonadelicioussupperdoesthepassagemainlytalkabouttosavemoneywhentraveling.togetatourismcard.tofindahoteloutsideacity.tobookaroomontheInternet.七Asanexchangestudent,Imustadmit（承认）thatatfirstAmericawasabigcultureshockforme.Istayedwithahostfamilyinasmalltown.MyhostparentsorganizedalotofactivitiesformeinmysparetimesothatIwouldn’tmisshomeorfeellonely.However,lifewashardtogetusedto.Mymainproblemwaswiththelanguage.Ifailedtounderstandmuchinthefirstfewweeksbecauseeveryonespokesofast.ThoughIsoonmanagedtogetusedtoit,Istillhadproblemsbecausetheyusedalotofidioms（习语）.Anotherdifferencewasthefood.Myhostfamilyalwayshadbread,potatoesandsaladformeals.Ireallymissedthedumplings,riceanddeliciousdishesfromhome.Schoolwasabigshocktoo.Theydonotrequirestudentstowearuniforms,sostudentscanwearalmostwhatevertheylike.Somestudentshavestrangehairstyles（发型后$well.Somestudentsevenhavepinkorpurplehair!—ByBradLiMydreamwastoseesomerealsnow,soduringtheChristmasholiday,wetookourpassports（护照）andflewoverthePacifictoCalgary,Canada.WetookabustoaskiresortintheCanadianRockies.Asthebusclimbedthroughthemountains,wesawthethicksnowonthetrees.Iwasdyingtogetoutandplaywithit!Atlast,wereachedtheresortandquicklyjumpedoutofthebus.Thiswasourfirstexperiencewithsnow.Wewerelikelittlechildren—wemadesnowballs,andthrewthematoneanother!Thenwecheckedinatthehotel.Thenextday,weputonourskisuitsandgloves,tookourskisandwentoutsideontothesnow.Ourinstructortookustoagentleslope（斜坡），andshowedussomebasicskills.Tobehonest,thatfirstlessonwasnotagreatsuccess.Ikeptonfallingover,andIhadtoholdontoaropetokeepmybalance（平衡）.However,thenextday,Ionlyfelloverafewtimes,andImanagedtodoafewrapidruns.Ifeltpleasedwithmyself,andmyinstructortoldmeIwasdoingmuchbetter.Althoughitwasverycold,Ispentmostofmyholidayskiing.Ihadawonderfultime.—ByVanessaLiseemedtotellusthathishostparents.veryactiveverykindlonelyunhappyofthefollowingshowsAmericawasabigcultureshockforBradLiusedalotofidioms.lonelystayedwithahostfamilyinasmalltown.hostfamilyalwayshaddumplingsformeals.arenotrequiredtowearuniformsatschool.;c ;d;d ;clandingonCalgaryairport,Vanessawenttoaskiresort.bus trainship planedidVanessareact（反应）whenshesawthesnowforthefirsttimewasdyingwhenshegotoutandplayedwithit.wasafraidofdeathtogetoutandplaywithit.wantedverymuchtogetoutandplaywithit.wastoonervoustogetoutandplaywithit.pictureshowsthatVanessa’sfirstlessonwasnotagreatsuccessbestwordtodescribethetwowriters'experiencesinanothercountryis“八Tomwasaneight-year-oldboy.Hewassicktodeathofschoolbecausehedidn,twanttodohishomework.Hewasalwayslookingforexcusesnottodoit.Whenhesneezed（打喷嚏）orhadaheadache,hetoldhismomhewasseriouslyillandhecouldn’tdohishomework.ThoughTom’smomwasangry,shedidn’tknowhowtodealwithhim.Mostofthetime,Tomwenttoschoolwithoutfinishinghishomework.Eventhoughhefinishedhishomeworkindeed,heusuallydiditverycarelessly.OneThursdayevening,Tomtoldhismomthathecouldn’tdohishomeworkbecausehewashavingafever.Afterhismomtookhistemperature,sherealizedthatTomdidn’ttellthetruth.Sohehadtodohishomework.Tohismom’ssurprise,thelightinTom’sbedroomwasstillonatmidnight.HismomopenedthedoorquietlyandfoundTomwasalreadyasleep.Hishomeworkwasonlyhalfcompleted.Thenextmorning,Tomwenttoschoolasusual.Helefthishomeworkathomeonpurpose.WhenTomreturnedhomefromschool,hismomasked,“DidyourteacherpunishyoutodayIknowyoudidn’tfinishyourhomeworklastnight.”“No,mom,”Tomanswered.“Howdidyoumakeit”hismomaskedhim.“Whatdidyousaytotheteacher”“Itoldmyteacherthatanaccidenthappenedtomethismorning.”“What”Tom’smomlookedathimwitheyeswide.“Theschoolbusfellintothepoolonmywaytoschool,”Tomcontinued.“Iclimbedoutofthepool,butmyhomeworkdidn’tclimboutofthepool.”“「Tom'smomsaid.“Ofcourse,Idon’t,”Tomsaid.“Butmyteacherdoesn’tknowthat.”underlinedwords“wassicktodeathof”mostprobablymean.satisfiedwithwenttoschoolwithoutfinishinghishomeworkmostofthetimebecause.sufferedfromaseriousdiseasewasalwayslookingforexcusesnottodohishomeworkmomdidn’twanthimtodohishomeworkmidnightonThursday,.wasasleepwiththelightonwasstayingupdoinghishomeworkfellasleepandhishomeworkwascompletedofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassageTomhadaheadache,hismomwouldhelphimdohishomework.fact,Tomdidn’thaveafeverthatThursdayevening.thestudentsbesidesTomontheschoolbushadanaccidentthatFridaymorning.5.“"canbethemissingsentenceinthepassage.thereisnopoolonyourwaytoschoolyouhavefinishedyourhomeworkyoudon’ttaketheschoolbusAnimalsgrowupindifferentways.Somenewbornanimalsarehelplessbuttheirmothersprotectthem.Anewbornkangarooisverysmall.Itisonlyafewcentimeters(cm)long.ItclosesitseyesanddoesnDthavehair.Itstayssafeinitsmother'spouch(育儿袋)foralongtime.Anewbornmonkeycannotwalk.Itsmothercarriesiteverywhere.Otherbabyanimalscanwalksoonafterthey’reborn.Theylearntorunwiththeirmotherswhendangerisnear.Ababyzebracanrun,anhourafteritisborn.Somebabyanimalsareborninaplacethatissafe.Babywolvesareusuallyborninbigholeswithlittlelight.Otherbabyanimalsarebornintheopen.Ababyelephantisoftenbornonopenland.Animalsthatdrinktheirmothers’milkarecalledmammals.Amotherbear’smilkisrich.Babybearshavemilkforafewmonths.Thisisthesamewithbabyzebras.Asbabyanimalsgrow,theyneedsolid(固体的)food.Babylionseatwhattheirmothercancatch!tothepassage,manynewbornanimalsneedtheirmothers'helpbecausethebabiescan′t.afterthemselves anyfood bythemselvesnewbornmonkey'smothercarriesiteverywherebecause.isverysmall can’twalk closesitseyeswolvesareusuallybornina(n)place.mammals'mainfoodis.

milkfoodanimalsmilkfoodanimalsmanykindsofbabyanimalsarementionedinthispassage...十Adoctorenteredthehospitalhurriedlyafterbeingcalledinforanimportantsurgery（夕卜科手术）.Hefoundtheboy’sfatherinthehallwaitingworriedly.Onseeinghim,thefathercriedout,“WhydidyoutakeallthistimetocomeDon’tyouknowthatmysonisindangerDon’tyouhaveanysenseofduty”Thedoctorsmiledandsaid,“Iamsorry.Iwasn’tinthehospitalandIcameasfastasIcouldafterreceivingthecallandnow,Iwishyou’dcalmdownsothatIcandomywork.”“Calmdown!WhatifyoursonwasinthisroomrightnowWouldyoucalmdownIfyourownsondieswhilewaitingforadoctor,thenwhatwillyoudo”saidthefatherangrily.Thedoctorsmiledagainandreplied,“Wewilldoourbestandyoushouldalsopray（祈祷）foryourson'shealthylife.”Thesurgerytooksomehoursafterwhichthedoctorwentouthappily,“Thankgoodness!Yoursonissaved!”Andwithoutwaitingforthefather’sreplyhecarriedonrunning,saying,“Ifyouhaveanyquestions,askthenurse.”“Couldn’thewaitsomeminutessothatIcanaskaboutmyson’sstate”shoutedthefatherwhenseeingthenurseminutesafterthedoctorleft.Thenurseanswered,tearscomingdownherface.“Hissondiedyesterdayinaroadaccident.Hewasattheburial（葬礼）whenwecalledhimforyourson'ssurgery.Andnowthathesavedyourson'slife,heleftrunningtofinishhisson’sburial.”根据材料内容选择最佳答案。didthedoctordoafterhereceivedthecallforthesurgeryaskedanotherdoctortodohisduty.wenttothehospitalassoonaspossible.discussedtheboy'sstatewiththefather.waiteduntilhisson'sburialwasfinished.fathershoutedatthedoctorbecausehethought.hadwaitedtoolongonecaredforhissondoctorwascoldtohimsurgerytookalongtimetoldthetruthtothefatherintheenddoctor. nurse.son. patient.mightthefatherfeelafterheknewthetruthisthebesttitleforthetextisbelievingwaitsfornomanmakesperfectbeforeyoudecide十一Manypeopletraveltodifferentplacesintheworldbyittakesalongtime,perhapshalfaday,forpassengerstostayintheplane.Soairlines（航空公司）offerpassengersfood.Butitiscommonthattheyfeelbadaboutfoodtaste.DoyouagreeTosolvethisproblem,airlinestryhardtoimprovetheirfood.Theywouldliketodosobecausetheydon’twanttolosecustomers.However,accordingtoscientificresearch,partofthereasonwhyplanefoodtastesbadisthatathighaltitude（海拔）wecannottastethingsaswellaswedoontheground.Alsoscientistshavefoundthatournosesbecomeverydryevenbeforeaplanetakesoff.Astheplanemovesup,thechangeinairpressure（气压）reducesonethirdofthesensibility（感觉）ofourtastebuds（味蕾）.Soourtastebudsbecomesenseless.Thesadfact,however,isthatournosesdon’tknowit.Allofthesehelpexplainwhyfoodontheplanetastessobad.Theyalsohelpexplainwhyairlineschoosetoofferpassengerssaltyandspicy（辛辣的）food.Withoutdoingso,thefoodwouldbetasteless.Nowtherearemanyresearchesonthis.Accordingtooneofthem,somevolunteersareaskedtoliewiththeirfeethigherthantheirheadsforweeks.Andscientistswritedowntheirfeelingsaboutfoodtaste.Thoughscientiststrytheirbest,itisnotaseasyastheythought.BecausetheycanDtdealwiththespecialenvironmentsuccessfully,suchasthechangeinairpressure,makingfoodtastegoodisstillhardforthem.Paragraph2,“thisproblem”means.staylongintheplaneontheplanetastesbadhavenofoodtoeatontheplaneisexpensivedoairlinesdotosolvethisproblemmorecustomers.morefood.theirfood.theticketprice.theplanemovesup,thechangeinairpressurereducesofthesensibilityofourtastebuds.thirdfourth fifthdoscientistsfeelithardtomakefoodontheplanetastegoodvolunteersdon’tknowaboutfoodtaste.volunteersdon’tunderstandthem.can’tfindenoughvolunteers.can’tdealwiththespecialenvironmentsuccessfully.isthebesttitleofthepassageofAirplaneFoodTravelResearchonNosesChangeinAirPressure十二WhatdoesBeijing’sPalaceMuseumlooklikeatnightManypeopledon’tknowtheanswertothisquestion,asitclosesataround4:30.inwinterand5:00.insummer.However,tocelebratetheLanternFestival,Beijing’sPalaceMuseumopeneditsdoortothepublicafterdark—fortwonightsonly.That’safirstin94years!Althoughpeoplecouldgetfreeticketsonthemuseum’swebsite,itwasdifficulttogetaticket.Thewebsiteevenstoppedworkingforawhilebecausetoomanypeoplevisiteditatthesametime.ZhangZhifu,a77-year-oldwoman,receivedaticketfromthemuseumasagift.“IgrewupinBeijingandIvisitthePalaceMuseumeveryyear,butInevergottoseeitatnight.Itistrulyanhonor,”shesaid.InthepastcelebratingtheLanternFestivalwasatraditionfortheimperial（皇帝的）family.“Wewanttopassthetraditiononandgivepeoplemorefestivalexperiences,”saidShanJixiang,theheadofthePalaceMuseum.OnthenightofFebruary19th,2021,about3,000visitorsspenttheLanternFestivalinthePalaceMuseum.’sPalaceMuseumclosesataround4:30.in.celebratetheLanternFestival,Beijing'sPalaceMuseumopenedafterdarkforonly.night nightsnightsnightsmuseum'swebsite