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2022年浙江省绍兴市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________
一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.
Aboutthebuzzingprodigies,peopleargue______.
2.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)
Directions:Inthispartyouwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1~7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8~10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
SoundEffects
Snorers(打鼾的人)havealwaysbeenmadejokes.Incartoons,theirnasal(鼻子的)roarliftstheroofoffhouses.Insituationcomedies,there'sthewifewhorollshereyesathersnoringbedmate.Butinreality,it'snotallthatfunny.Infact,snoringcanbeanightmareforsnorersandtheirtroubledpartners,whomaywakeupseveraltimesanighttopoke,andmaybehoistlovedonesontotheirsidesforalittlerelief.
RisksofSnoringProblems
Butthenightlyracketismorethanapotentialrelationshipstrain.Accordingtothelatestresearch,anincreasinglyolderandheavierpopulationmaymakethisconditionanevengreaterahealthriskthanwepreviouslythought.ForMaggieMoss-Tucker,successfultreatmentforalongtimesnoringproblemcamealmostbyaccident.Onefallmorningin2005,shesawasignatherlocalgymseekingsnorersasvolunteersforastudyatBoston'sBrigham&Women'sHospital.Moss-Tucker,now56,wasintrigued.Shehadstartedsnoringnearlyadecadeearlier."I'dtriedeverythingtostop,"shesays,fromsleepinguprighttousingnosestripsoramouthguard.Buttoherandherhusband'sdismay,nothingworked.WhenshesignedupforthestudyandspentanightatasuburbanBostonsleeplab,shefoundoutwhy.
Afterreviewinghersleeppatternsandoxygenlevels,researcherstoldherthathersnoringwasactuallyanindicationofsomethingworse.Shesufferedfromasleepapnea(呼吸暂停),aconditioninwhichpatientsstopbreathingrepeatedlyastheysleepandcanwakeupasmanyas100timesanightoftenwithoutrememberingit.Thatkindofrevelationhasledtodoctorsre-evaluatingaconditiononcetreatedaslittlemorethananuisance."Inthepast,snoringhasbeentreatedlikeajokingmatter;younevertalkedaboutitwithyourdoctor,"saysDr.DavidRapoport,medicaldirectoroftheSleepDisordersCenteratNewYorkUniversityMedicalCenter."Butwhenitbecomesveryprominentorsuchthatitwakesyouuporinterfereswithbreathing,itcanbeaproblem."
Sleepapnea,inwhichtheairwaybecomesblockedor,lessoften,thebrainfailstoproperlycontrolbreathingduringsleeping,canbeviewedasoneextremeofthesnoringspectrum.Softsnoring,whichisnotgenerallyconsideredahealthhazard,wouldbeattheotherend.Asthesoundandpersistenceofapatient'ssnoringgrows,sodothehealthconcerns.AstudypublishedintheMarch1issueofthejournalSleepfoundthatloudsnorershada40percentgreaterriskthannon-snorersofsufferingfromhighbloodpressure,34percentgreateroddsofhavingaheartattackanda67percentgreaterchanceofhavingastroke.
That'saproblemgiventhenumberofnoisysleepersoutthere.InarecentpollbytheNationalSleepFoundation,aboutonethirdofUSworkingadultsreportedsnoringatleastafewnightsinthepreviousmonth.Snoringgenerallyworsenswithagesotherateisevenhigheramongtheelderly.And,contrarytocommonperceptions,it'snearlyascommoninwomenasmen.Menopause(更年期)appearstobeafactor,asisweight.Beingoverweightcancausethicknessintheairwaytube,holdingbacktheflowofoxygen.
TreatmentofSnoringProblems
Yetmanywhoregularlysnoredon'trealizethatitcouldbebadfortheirhealth.Theresearchlinkinghypertension,cardiacproblemsandloudsnoringisrelativelynew.Andthoughawarenessofs
A.thecausesofsnoringproblems
B.thetreatmentsofsnoringproblems
C.therisksofsnoringproblems
D.thehazardsandthetreatmentsofsnoringproblems
3.
Inordertomakesuretheircustomerswerehappy,PizzaHutintroduced______.
A.twocustomersatisfactionprograms
B.a1-600numbercustomerhotline
C.acustomercall-inprogram
D.happycustomersprogram
4.
AIDSistheleadingcauseofdeathamongwomenandbabiesin15citiesoftheUSA.
A.YB.NC.NG
5.
Peoplewhowanttheirbackpaintobefixedquicklyoftenresortto______.
A.surgeryB.chiropracticcareC.massageD.acupuncture
6.
Thehydrogencanbegeneratedfrom__________________orproducedbyreformingfossilfuels.
7.
Ifthepressureonthefaultishigherthantheforceoffrictionbetweendifferentblocksorrock,theblocksofrockwill______.
8.
Beforeanearthquake,peopleshouldrepairdefectiveelectricalwiringandleakygasconnectionsasthesearepotential______.
9.
Whenassessingdifferentattitudestowarddisclosure,weshouldtake______intoconsideration.
10.SevenSecretsofNaturallyThinPeople
Youhatethem.
Youknowthetype…theoneswhoneverbataneyewhenitcomestimetoorderlunchordinner.Askthemtheirweightandtheyprobablycan'teventellyou—theydon'tknowit.Questionthemaboutcaloriecountandyou'relikelytobeansweredwithablankstare.
Theyarethemenandwomenwhodon'tgiveweightwatchingasecondthought.Andthat'stheveryreasonthey'reatahappy,healthyweight.Theyarenaturallythinpeople—theenemytoanyonewho'severbattledextrapound.
Butpleasedon'thatethem.Youtoocanbeoneofthem,saysDr.DorisMccubbrey,authorofHowMuchDoesYourSoulWeight:Diet-FreeSolutionstoYourFood,WeightandBodyWorries.Theweightissuesspecialistandlicensedprofessionalcounselorhasspentthelast15yearshelpingpeopleexploretheirweightwoes(悲哀).Dr.Doris,the"Don'tDiet"doctor,hasmadeithermissiontotakethefocusoffthescaleandputitonwhatshecallsintuitive(直觉的)self-care.It'sthatkindoftreatmentthattheColoradocounselorencourages.Shetriestosteerherclientsawayfromoverlyrestrictivediets.
Theidea,accordingtoDr.Doris,istoemulate(仿效)thewayanaturallythinpersonthinks.Forstarters,theworlddoesn'trevolvearoundthenumberonthescale.
"Sometimeswethink,'whenI'mthinenough,I'llbehappy'."saysDr.Doris,whodescribesherselfassomeonewhowasthe'wrongkindofdieterfor15years."Anaturallythinpersonknowshowtobehappyfirst,beyondweightsuccess.It'sfreedomtoenjoyyourlife.It'sabouthealthierrelationshipsandbeingabletoachievethegoalsyouwantforyourselfprofessionally.It'sfindingthetimetoenjoysomepleasuresinlife,likethevacationsyou'vealwayswantedtotakeorthepersonalgoalsyou'vealwayswantedtoachieve.It'shavingtheenergyanddesireandabilitytofollowthroughonthesethings.It'safuller,richerlife."
AccordingtoDr.Doris,we'reallbornnaturallythin.However,it'sthewaywethinkthattakesawaythismentality(心理).Itallbeginswhenwegoonourfirstdiet,shesays.
Dr.Dorisisquicktopointoutthere'sabigdifferencebetweenbeingthinandbeinganaturallythinperson.Therearethosewhostrugglewithanorexia(厌食)orrelyonstarvationtoavoidweightgain.Thesepeopleareengaginginunhealthyphysicalandmentalbehaviors.Whenitcomestoweightloss,onesizedoesnotfitall,shesays.
Beforeyoucanevengetstartedonahealthyapproachtodealingwithyourweight,it'simportanttogetintherightstateofmind.Dr.Dorishasthesevenhealthysecretsofnaturallythinpeoplethatcanhelpyougetonestepcloser.
Secret1:Practiceintuitiveweightmaintenance
Naturallythinpeoplehaveastableweightanddon'tworrywhatitis.Naturallythinpeopledon'tweigh,measureorotherwisekeeptrackoftheirbodies'dimensions.Youwon'tevenfindabathroomscaleatanaturallythinperson'shouse.Theydon'tneedtoweighthemselves,becausetheytrusttheirbodiestoregulatetheirownweight.
Secret2:Applyanintuitiveattitude
Naturallythinpeoplehaveapositiveviewofthemselvesandtheirlives.Peoplewhohaveneverhadaweightproblemknowthatthekeytohappinessisinhowtheyperceivethemselvesandtheirlives.Theyhaveawonderfulself-image,becausetheyhavenotallowedsociety'spressuretoinfluencethem.Besidesappearance,somepeoplecriticizethemselvesfortheirthoughts,feelings,behaviors—everything.Howtheyseetheirbodiesisareflectionofhowtheytendtoseetheirentirelives.
Secret3:Knowintuitivelywhytoeat
Naturallythinpeopleeatwhentheyarehungry,butforotherreasonsaswell.Theyeatbecausetheirbodiesn
A.Theydon'thavelunchordinnereveryday.
B.Theydon'tknowabouttheirownweight.
C.Theyhatepeoplewhoarenaturallythin.
D.Theyareconcernedaboutcaloriecount.
11.
Bothmother-to-childtransmissionandpartner-to-partnertransmissioncanbepreventedorprotectedeffectivelybydrugsfor________________.
12.
Ifchildrenare______eatmorebytheirparent,theycanlosetheirnaturalregulationofwhattheyeat.
13.
Theperiodbetweenanearlysenseofforebodingandanactualcareerinflectionpointisthetimeforyouto______.
14.
Ifyoubuyanewhybrid,youcan______fromthefederalgovernment.
15.
Manysocialconsequencesbroughtforthbyelectronicproximityinclude______.
16.
WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Anxietyiscausedbysomecertainreasoninsteadofmultiplereasons.
B.Anxietymakesyouhateyourjobandunwillingtodoyourwork.
C.Themorelong-lastingtheanxietyis,themoresymptomspeoplesufferfrom.
D.Manysymptomswillcomealongwithasingleanxietyatonetime.
17.
Politicalandeconomicmotivationsbelongtotheessentialnatureofsportsinthehistoryofsports.
A.YB.NC.NG
18.
Overallsecuritycanbedamagedbyconflictsbetweentherefugeesandtheinternallydisplacedwhichcanberesultedinunfairprovisionof______tothem.
19.
Whenusingpublictransportation,thevisitorsaresuggested______becauseinthiswaytheymayknowlessaboutthelocalculture.
20.
Theforeignteacherplanstoaddtohisnewcontractthatheshouldget______.
二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.(34)
A.Fromreligiousorganizations.
B.Frompublicsources.
C.Fromcorporatesources.
D.Fromresearchgrants.
22.(35)
A.Theywonthetournamentlastyear.
B.Theyhavebeentrainedthehardestinthetournament.
C.Theyhavethemostmoneytospendontheirathletes.
D.Theyhaveneverlostagamebefore.
23.(46)
24.(18)
A.Sheisagainsttheman'splan.
B.Shethinksitneedsalotofmoney.
C.Theyneedsometimetothinkaboutit.
D.It'sgoodforhiscareerdevelopment.
25.(47)
26.(22)
A.Theboard.
B.Themanager.
C.Thechairman.
D.Thechiefengineer.
27.(26)
A.80dollars.B.88dollars.C.96dollars.D.72dollars.
28.听力原文:W:I'llgoovertotherecyclingcenterthisafternoon.Wouldyoulikemetotakeyouroldnewspaperandpaperbagsalong?
M:Idohavealotofpapersandmagazinesdowninthebasement.Volunteersusedtocomebytheseapartmentsregularlytocollectwastepaper.Istillsaveit.ButpeopleseldomaskfornowadaysandI'venevergoneovertotherecyclingcentermyself.
W:That'stypical.Afewyearsago,peoplewerereallyenthusiasticaboutreusingwastepaper.Unfortunately,interestshavebeendecreasinglately.Manufacturersnowuscwastepaperforthingsliketheyneedtofindnewcommercialusesforrecycledpaper.
M:Isupposethingslikereadingcards,calendarsandwritingpapercouldbemadefromittoo.Butrecycledpaperusuallyhasadingycolor,doesn'tit?
W:Well,itwouldn'tbesuitableforartbooksorhigh-qualitymagazinepaper.Butwhocaresaboutthedrabcolorifthewastepapercantaketheplaceofthevirginwoods,pulpandsohelptopreserveforests.
M:Youareright.I'llbringmywastepaperovertoyourapartmentalittlewhile.Thanksforofferingtotakeit.
(23)
A.Onabicycletrip.
B.Toarecyclingcenter.
C.Toapapermill.
D.Onabusinesstrip.
29.(31)
A.Becausetheyaretoomeantotreatothers.
B.Becausetheyaretooreservedtoexpressintimacy.
C.Becausethatiswhatgentlemanshipmeans.
D.Becausethatcanmakethemintegrateintothepubcrowd.
30.(42)
31.
【B11】
32.听力原文:W:Tony,whoarethestreetpeople?Howdidtheygettobelivinginthestreet?
M:Well,someofthemlosttheirjobs,someofthemhavementalproblems,andsomeofthemdrink.
Q:WhichofthefollowingfactorsisNOTmentionedasacauseofbecomingstreetpeople?
(16)
A.Unemployment.
B.Familybreakup.
C.Mentalproblems.
D.Drinking.
33.(33)
A.Toinform.thejobhuntersoftheopportunitiesavailable.
B.Tohelpdesignclassifiedadsinthenewspaper.
C.Toclassifyavailablejobsintovariouscategories.
D.Tohelpjobhunterswriteimpressiveapplicationletters.
34.(28)
A.Adventurousparents.
B.Stimulatingenvironment.
C.Sensitiveteachers.
D.Furthereducation.
35.听力原文:AbrahamLincolnwasborninKentuckyonFebruary12,1809.Whenhewasasmallboy,hisfamilymovedtoIndiana.Here,hismothertaughthimtoroadandwrite.Lincolnhadverylittleformaleducation,buthebecameoneofthebest-educatedmenoftheGreatWest.
WhenLincolnwasayoungman,hisfamilymovedagaintothenewstateofIllinois.Lincolnhadtoearnalivingatanearlyage,butinhisleisuretimehestudiedlaw.Hesoonbecameoneofthebest-knownlawyersinthestatecapitalofIllinois.ItwasherethatLincolnbecamefamousforhisdebateswithStephenDouglasonthesubjectofslavery.
In1860,LincolnwaselectedPresidentoftheUnitedStates.HewasthecandidateoftheRepublicanParty.Thispartyopposedthecreationofnewslavestates.Soonafterhiselection,someoftheSouthernstateswithdrewfromtheUnionandsetuptheConfederateStatesofAmerica.ThisactionbroughtontheterribleCivilWarwhichlastedfrom1861to1865.
OnJanuary1,1863,duringthewar,LincolnissuedhisfamousEmancipationProclamation.Inthisdocument,LincolnproclaimedthatalltheslavesinSouthernstatesweretobefreefromthatdayon.In1865,afterthewarended,theThirteenthAmendmentwasaddedtotheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates.ThisamendmentputanendtoslaveryeverywhereintheUnitedStates.
Earlyin1865,theCivilWarcametoanendwiththedefeatoftheSouthbytheNorth.Onlyafewdaysaftertheendofthewar,LincolnwasshotbyanactornamedJohnWilkesBooth.ThePresidentdiedonApril14,1865.Inhisdeath,theworldlostoneofthegreatestmenofalltime.
(30)
A.Slavery.B.Law.C.Polities.D.Emancipationofslaves.
36.
【B7】
37.(29)
A.TheRepublicanPartyhasalwaysbeensupportedbytheDemocraticParty.
B.TheDemocraticPartyisassociatedwithfreeenterpriseintheeconomy.
C.TheDemocraticPartyisthemainopponentoftheRepublicanParty.
D.TheRepublicanPartyhasneverlostthepresidency.
38.SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.
听力原文:M:NOW.Miss,doyoufeelallrightnow?Whathappened?
W:Yes.I'mfinenow.Iwasjustatthemotorway.IwasdrivingalongthemainroadandwhensuddenlyrightheforethecrossroadsImetthecarcameoutatthesidestreet.Ididn'tseeituntilithitme.
Q:Wherewastheothercar?
(12)
A.Inthesidestreet.
B.Atthecrossroads.
C.Onthemainroad.
D.Onthemotorway.
39.听力原文:ThenumberofspeakersofEnglishinShakespeare'stimeisestimatedtohavebeenaboutfivemillion.Todayitisestimatedthatsome300millionpeoplespeakitasanativelanguage,mainlyintheUnitedStates,Canada,GreatBritain,Ireland,SouthAfrica,AustraliaandNewZealand.InadditiontothestandardvarietiesofEnglishfoundintheseareas,thereareagreatmanyregionalandsocialvarietiesofthelanguageaswellasviciouslevelsofusagethatareemployedbothinitsspokenandwrittenforms.Infact,itisimpossibletoestimatethenumberofpeopleintheworldwhohaveacquiredanadequateworkingknowledgeofEnglishinadditiontotheirownlanguage.ThepurposeforEnglishlearningandthesituationsinwhichsuchlearningtakesplacearesovariedthatitisdifficulttoexplainandstillmoredifficulttojudgewhatformsanadequateworkingknowledgeforeachsituation.
ThemainreasonforthewidespreaddemandforEnglishisitspresentimportanceasaworldlanguage.Besidesservingtheindefiniteneedsofitsnativespeakers,Englishisalanguageinwhichsomeofimportantworksinscience,technologyandotherfieldsarebeingproduced,andnotalwaysbynativespeakers.itiswidelyusedfor,suchpurposesasairportcommunications,internationalconferences,andthespreadofinformationovertheradioandtelevisionnetworksofmanynations.Itisalanguageofwidercommunicationforanumberofdevelopingcountries,especiallyformerBritishcolonies.Manyofthesecountrieshavemultilingualpopulationsandneedalanguageforinternalcommunicationinsuchmattersasgovernment,commerce,industry,lawandeducationaswellasforinternationalcommunicationandforentrancetothescientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentsintheWest.
(30)
A.Languagespeopleuseininternationalcommunication.
B.ThepopularityofEnglishasaworldlanguage.
C.ThedevelopmentofEnglishasanativelanguage.
D.ThevarietyofEnglishinspokenandwrittenforms.
40.(14)
A.Themanwillnotneedthetaperecordertonight.
B.Themanneedstousethetaperecorderthisevening.
C.Thewomancanreturnthetaperecordertomorrow.
D.Thewomanissorryforlosingthetaperecorder.
三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.Thousandsofteachersattheelementary,secondary,andcollegelevelscantestifythattheirstudents'writingexhibitsatendencytowardasuperficialitythatwasn'tseen,say,10or15yearsago.Itshowsupnotonlyintheirlackofanalyticalskills,butinpoorcommandofgrammarandrhetoric.I'vebeenaskedbyagraduatestudentwhatasemicolonis.ThemechanicsoftheEnglishlanguagehavebeentorturedtopiecesbyTV.Visual,movingimages--whicharethevenueoftelevision--can'tbeheldinthenetofcarefullanguage.Theywanttobreakout.Theyreallyhavenothingtodowithlanguage,grammar,andrhetoric,andtheyhavebecomefractured.
Recentsurveysbydozensoforganizationsalsosuggestthatupto40%oftheAmericanpublicisfunctionallyilliterate.Thatis,ourcitizens'readingandwritingabilities,iftheyhaveany,areimpairedsoseriouslyastorenderthem,inthathandyjargonofourtimes,dysfunctional.Thereadingistaught--TVteachespeoplenottoread.Itrendersthemincapableofengaginginanactivitythatnowisperceivedasstrenuous,becauseitisnotapassivehypnotized(着迷的)state.Passiveasitis,televisionhasinvadedourculturesocompletelythatthemedium'seffectsareevidentineveryquarter,eventheliteraryworld.Itshowsupinsupermarketpaperbacks,fromStephenKing(whohasacertaincleverskill)topulpfiction.ThesereallyareformsofverbalTVliteraturethatissosuperficialthatthosewhoreaditcanrevelinthesamesensationstheyexperiencewhenwatchingtelevision.
Evenmoreimportantly,thegrowinginfluenceoftelevision,Kernansays,haschangedpeople'shabitsandvaluesandaffectedtheirassumptionsabouttheworld.Thesortofreflective,critical,andvalue-ladenthinkingencouragedbybookshasbeenrenderedobsolete.Inthiscontext,wewoulddowelltorecalltheCyclops--theraceofgiantsthat,accordingtoGreekmyth,predatedman.
Quiteliterally,TVaffectsthewaypeoplethink.InFourArgumentsfortheEliminationofTelevision,JerryManderquotesfromtheEmeryReport,preparedbytheCenterforContinuingEducationattheAustralianNationalUniversity,Canberra,that,whenwewatchtelevision,"ourusualprocessesofthinkinganddiscernmentaresemi-functionalatbest."Thestudyalsoarguesthat,"whiletelevisionappearstohavethepotentialtoprovideusefulinformationtoviewers—andiscelebratedforitseducationalfunction—thetechnologyoftelevisionandtheinherentnatureoftheviewingexperienceactuallyinhibitlearningasweusuallythinkofit."
Thethirdparagraphimpliesthat______.
A.readingpulpnovelsisquitedifferentfromwatchingTV
B.TVinfluencesthewritingstyle.ofnovel
C.StephenKingusesacleverskilltomakehisnovelsquitespecial
D.TVruinsstudents'abilitytoread
42.Wecanbeginourdiscussionof"populationasglobalissue"withwhatmostpersonsmeanwhentheydiscuss"thepopulationproblem":toomanypeopleonearthandatoorapidincreaseinthenumberaddedeachyear.Thefactsarenotindispute;itwasquiterighttoemploytheanalogythatlikeneddemographicgrowthto"along,thinpowderfusethatbumssteadilyandhaltinglyuntilitfinallyreachesthechargeandexplodes".
Tounderstandthecurrentsituation,whichischaracterizedbyrapidincreasesinpopulation,itisnecessarytounderstandthehistoryofpopulationtrends.Rapidgrowthisacomparativelyrecentphenomenon.Lookingbackatthe8,000yearsofdemographichistory,wefindthatpopulationshavebeenvirtuallystableorgrowingveryslightlyformostofhumanhistory.Formostofourancestors,lifewashard,oftennasty,andveryshort.Therewashighfertilityinmostplaces,butthiswasusuallybalancedbyhighmortality.Formostofhumanhistory,itwasseldomthecasethatoneintenpersonswouldlivepastforty,whileinfancyandchildhoodwereespeciallyriskyperiods.Often,societieswereincleardangerofextinctionbecausedeathratescouldexceedtheirbirthrates.Thus,thepopulationproblemthroughoutmostofhistorywashowtopreventextinctionofthehumanrace.
Thispatternisimportanttonotice.Notonlydoesitputthecurrentproblemsofdemographicgrowthintoahistoricalperspective,butitsuggeststhatthecauseofrapidincreaseinpopulationinrecentyearsisnotasuddenenthusiasmformorechildren,butanimprovementintheconditionsthattraditionallyhavecausedhighmortality.
Demographichistorycanbedividedintotwomajorperiods:atimeoflong,slowgrowthwhichextendedfromabout8000B.C.tillapproximately1650A.D.Inthefirstperiodofsome9,600years,thepopulationincreasedfromsome8millionto500millionin1650.Between1650and1975,thepopulationhasincreasedfrom500milliontomorethan4billion.Andthepopulationreached6.2billionthroughouttheworldbytheyear2000.Onewaytoappreciatethisdramaticdifferenceinsuchabstractnumbersistoreducethetimeframe.tosomethingthatismoremanageable.Between8000B.C.and1650,anaverageofonly50,000personswasbeingaddedannuallytotheworld'spopulation.Atpresent,thisnumberisaddedeverysixhours.Theincreaseisabout80,000,000personsannually.
Theword"demographic"(Line4,Para.1)means______.
A.statisticsofhuman
B.surroundingsstudy
C.accumulationofhuman
D.developmentofhuman
43.
Whatdoes"anearthboundrocket"inSentence3Para.3mean?
A.Arocketsentfromtheearthtothemoon.
B.Arocketsentfromthemoontotheearth.
C.Arocketmadeofearth.
D.Arocketwithnopurpose.
44.(61)
45.
Unemploymentrateishighforhighschoolgraduates______.
A.whentheeconomicsituationisbad
B.evenwheneconomytakesaturnforthebetter
C.becausemostofthemarefrompoorfamilies
D.becausetheserviceindustryisthemostfragilesectorofeconomy
46.
Theopinionheldbypetownersregardingtheirpets'behavior.isthatpets______.
47.SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.
Inthe1950s,thepioneersofartificialintelligence(Al)predictedthat,bytheendofthiscentury,computerswouldbeconversingwithusatworkandrobotswouldbeperformingourhousework.Butasusefulascomputersare,they'renowhereclosetoachievinganythingremotelyresemblingtheseearlyaspirationsforhumanlikebehavior.Nevermindsomethingascomplexasconversation:themostpowerfulcomputersstruggletoreliablyrecognizetheshapeofanobject,themostelementaryoftasksforaten-month-oldkid.
AgrowinggroupofAlresearchersthinktheyknowwherethefieldwentwrong.Theproblem,thescientistssay,isthatAlhasbeentryingtoseparatethehighest,mostabstractlevelsofthought,likelanguageandmathematics,andtoduplicatethemwithlogical,step-by-stepprograms.AnewmovementinAl,ontheotherhand,takesacloserlookatthemoreroundaboutwayinwhichnaturecameupwithintelligence.Manyoftheseresearchersstudyevolutionandnaturaladaptationinsteadofformallogicandconventionalcomputerprograms.Ratherthandigitalcomputersandtransistors,somewanttoworkwithbraincallsandproteins.Theresultsoftheseearlyeffortsareaspromisingastheyarepeculiar,andthenewnature-basedAlmovementisslowlybutsurelymovingtotheforefrontofthefield.
Imitatingthebrain'sneural(神经的)networkisahugestepintherightdirection,sayscomputerscientistandbiophysicistMichaelConrad,butitstillmissesanimportantaspectofnaturalintelligence."Peopletendtotreatthebrainasifitweremadeupofcolor-codedtransistors,"heexplains,"butit'snotsimplyaclevernetworkofswitches.Therearelotsofimportantthingsgoingoninsidethebraincellsthemselves."Specifically,Conradbelievesthatmanyofthebrain'scapabilitiesstemfromthepatternrecognitionproficiencyoftheindividualmoleculesthatmakeupeachbraincell.Thebestwaytobuildanartificiallyintelligentdevice,heclaims,wouldbetobuilditaroundthesamesortofmolecularskills.
Rightnow,theoptionthatconventionalcomputersandsoftwarearefundamentallyincapableofmatchingtheprocessesthattakeplaceinthebrainremainscontroversial.Butifitprovestrue,thentheeffortsofConradandhisfellowAlrebelscouldturnouttobetheonlygameintown.
"Butasusefulascomputersare,they'renowhereclosetoachievin
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