模式1高中英语必修3课件20份unit the million pound bank note learning about language

Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNoteLearningaboutLanguage并列句(compoundsentence)复合句(complexsentence)简单句(simplesentence)英语句子的种类简单句的五种基本句型1.Theweather

is

verycold.主语+谓语（系动词）+表语2.He

laughed.主语+谓语（vi.）3.I

like

Chinesefood.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语4.She

taught

them

physics.主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语+直接宾语5.Wemustkeeptheroom

warm.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语+宾语补足语并列句

把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来。IturnedontheTV.MysisterandIwatchedit.IturnedontheTVandmysisterandIwatchedit.Iboughtmysisterapresent.Shedidn’tlikeit.Iboughtmysisterapresent,butshedidn’tlikeit.

并列句并列句平行并列连词：

转折并列连词：因果并列连词：

选择并列连词：and,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…norbut,however,while,yetor,either…orfor,so常用并列连词复合句:主句+从句名词性从句定语从句状语从句主语从句表语从句宾语从句同位语从句NounClauses名词性从句名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。主语

{Hisjob

isimportant.Whathedoes

isimportant.表语Thisis

hisjob.Thisis

whathedoeseveryday.

{宾语Idon’tlike

hisjob.Idon’tlike

whathedoeseveryday.同位语Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefact

thatheisateacher.宾语从句表语从句宾语从句主语从句同位语从句Practicetime：指出下列各名词性从句的种类。1.Shewonderedifthebuseswouldstillberunning.2.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.3.Shesensedthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkcoat.4.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.5.Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.ObjectClauses宾语从句Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.

主语谓语宾语（简单句）主语谓语宾语从句连词从句主语从句谓语

主句（复合句）句子作宾语就是宾语从句，跟在及物动词或介词后 。句子结构：主句+连词（引导词）+宾语从句

引导词

that句子类型

陈述句if/whether(是否)一般疑问句特殊疑问词特殊疑问句宾语从句的注意事项一、连词（引导词）

1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。

LinTaofeels

(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.

Shesays

(that)shewon’ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.Jimthought

(that)thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：（1）当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省；（2）当that从句作介词宾语时，that不可省掉；（3）用it作形式宾语的宾语从句中that不能省掉；Everyoneknewwhathappened

andthat

shewasworried.Thereasonlies

inthat

sheworksharderthantheothersdo.Ithink

it

necessary

that

youshouldreadEnglishaloud.在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,

sure,afraid,glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句。I’msorry

(that)

Idon’tknow.We’resure

(that)

ourteamwillwin.I’mafraid

(that)

hewon’tpasstheexam.2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导，

“是否”，不能省略。Lilywantedtoknow

if/whether

hergrandmalikedthehandbag.Let’ssee

if/whether

wecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.Sheaskedme

if/whether

shecouldborrowthesebooks.whether和if都可以引导宾语从句a.当有ornot时就用whether,不用if。Idon’tknow

whetherornot

Iwillstay.b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if。

Iworry

aboutwhether

Ihurtherfeeling.注意whether和if的使用区别:Choose“if/whether”

1.Iaskedher____________shehadabike.

2.We’reworriedabout_________heissafe.

3.Idon’tknow_________heiswellornot.

4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.

5.Idon’tknow__________Ishouldgo.if/whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether/if_______togo.whether3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由疑问词（what,who,whom,which,whose,

when,where,how,why等）引导，因为疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略。Doyouknow

what

hesaidjustnow?Idon’tremember

when

wearrived.Iaskedhim

whereIcouldgetsomuchmoney.Pleasetellme

who/whom

wehavetosee.Doyouknow

whattimetheplaneleaves?二、时态1.如果主句是现在的时态

（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）。Iknow

he

lives

here.I

know

he

lived

heretenyearsago.I

haveheard

thathe

willcome

tomorrow.2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）Iknewwho

lived

here.Isawshe

wastalkingwith

hermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfather

wouldcomebacktomorrow.

Hesaidthathe

hadseen

it.3.当从句是客观真理、定义、公理、定理等时用一般现在时。Theteachersaidthattheearth

travels

aroundthesun.三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分。Idon’tknow

whatisthematter/thetrouble/wrong

withhim.Combinethetwosentenceswiththeproperconjunction.1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.

2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?Idon’tknowwhathewantstobuy.Idon’tknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.【即学即练】1.

Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.

Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot?A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABC【达标训练】5.Couldyoushowme________?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation6.Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike7.Mysistertoldhim________.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee___.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis9.Hesaysthatifit__tomorrow,he_____fishing.A.willrain;won’tgoB.rained;wasn’tgoC.rains；won’tgoD.rain;willgoCDPredicativeClauses

表语从句表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seem。连接词：that/whether

/asif/asthough

（if不引导表语从句)

who/whom/whose/which/what

when/where/why/how/

becauseE.g.Thequestionis

whether

wecanrelyon

him.That’s

becausewewereinneedofmoneyat

thattime.Helooked

asif

hewasgoingtocry.That’s

whyIwaslate.注意：在表语从句中，表“是否”时，只能用“whether”不能用“if”。一般情况下，“that”不能省。

Itis/wasbecause….Itis/waswhy….4.Thereason(why…/for…)is/wasthat….5.Thereasonisbecause/why…that….1.That’s___thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis___heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.

thatD.whether3.Thatis___theyseparated.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where【即学即练】BCDSubjectClauses

主语从句1)

Thathewillsucceed

iscertain.2)

Whetherhewillgothere

isnotknown.3)Whathesaid

isnottrue.4)

Wherehehidthemoney

istobefoundout.5)

Whoevercomes

iswelcome.6)It’scertain

thathewillsucceed.7)

Howwecanhelpthetwins

willbediscussedatthemeeting.

8)

Whenthey’llstarttheproject

hasnotbeendecidedyet.主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分。一、由that引导that无意义,后接一个完整的句子,that不可省。1.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.2.____________________isknowntousall.(地球是圆的)3.________________________isapity.(你错过了这次机会)ThattheearthisroundThatyoumissedthechance二、“whether”

“if”不能引导主语从句三、疑问词引导词

注意一:主语从句后置为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。Thatweshallbelateiscertain.—

It’scertainthatweshallbelate.1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntousall.—

由连词whether,连接代词what,who,which和连接副词when,where,why,how等引导,也常常后置。

It’sknowntousallthattheearthisround.It的用法：（形式主语）

It’spossible/important/necessary/clear…that…很可能/重要的是……/必要的是……/很清楚……It’ssaid/reported…that..据说/据报道……It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat…已经通知/宣布…Itseems/appears/happens..that…显然/碰巧……注意三：what与that引导主语从句

注意二：主语从句中，谓语动词一般用单数what引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定。Whatheneedsisthatbook.Whatheneedsare

somebooks.

what引导名词性从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语、宾语、表语,而that则不然,它在句子中只起连接作用。例如：(1)

What

yousaidyesterdayisright.(2)

That

sheisstillaliveisapuzzle.3.___isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry____theFirstWorld.A.Which;belongtoB.As;belongedtoC.What;belongingtoD.It;belongingto___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.

A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How

2.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where【即学即练】BCA同位语从句

1.跟在某些名词后面，对该名词作进一步解释说明。常用名词有belief,fact,idea,hope,news,doubt,result,thought,information,opinion等。2.常用连词：that,when,where,why,howE.g.1)消息传来，拿破仑要来视察他的军队。2)问题是他如何做这件事。WordcamethatNapoleonwouldcomeandinspecthisgrandarmy.

It’sthequestionhowhedidit.注意：1)同位语从句多用that引导，无意义但不可省略。2)在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句。Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.Ihavenoideawhenhedidit.2.TheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina./Weheardthenewslastnight.Weheard

thenews

lastnight

that

theQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina._________________________________________________1.TwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadiet./Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot._______________________________________________Thefact

that

twothirdsofallgirlsareonadiet

worriestheirparentsandteachersalot.________【典题例证】4.Timetravelispossible./Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea.3.Teenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline./ManyBritishparentsholdtheview.______ManyBritishparentshold

theview

that

teenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonline.____________________Thereisnoscientificprooffor

theidea

that

timetravelispossible.______________________________________________比较：1.Weexpressedthehope

that

theyhadexpected.我们表达了他们曾经表达过的那种希望。2.Weexpressedthehope

thattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.我们希望他们再来中国访问。定语从句同位语从句区别that引导的同位语从句和定语从句：引导同位语的连词that在句中不作任何句子成分，而在定语从句中，that可以充当从句的主语或宾语等。同位语从句是对前面名词的内容的具体说明，而定语从句是对前面的名词进行修饰，解释为“……的”。连词that在同位语从句中不可省略,而在定语从句中当它充当宾语时可以省略。Practice:判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句1.Theyexpressedthehope

that

theywouldcometovisitChinaagain.2.Thehopethatsheexpressedis

that

theywouldcometovisitChinaagain.3.Thefact

that

sheworkshardiswellknowntousall.4.Ican'tstandtheterriblenoise

that

sheiscryingloudly.同位语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句BA1.___madetheschoolproudwas___

morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.

A.What;because

B.What;that

C.That;what

D.That;bec