段落匹配 省赛获奖

段落匹配-2题干36.Aresearchprojectfoundbacteriamadetheirwaytothefoodonthefloorinfiveseconds.37.Whetherfoodiscontaminateddependsmuchonthenumberofbacteriathatgetontoit.38.Foodcontaminationmayresultfromvariousfactorsotherthanfooddroppingonthefloor.39.Malesarelesslikelythanfemalestoeatfoodthatmayhavebeencontaminated.40.Theauthor'sresearchcentersaroundhowfoodgetscontaminated.41.Keepingeverythingcleanisthebestwaytostayhealthy.42.Chancesareyouwillnotfallsickbecauseofeatingfoodpickedupfromthefloor.43.Foralongtimepeoplehavehadtheexperienceofdecidingwhetherornottoeatfoodpickedupfromthefloor.44.Somestrainsofbacteriaaresoharmfulthatatinyfewcanhavedeadlyconsequences.45.Researchersfoundhowmanybacteriagotontothefooddidnothavemuchtodowithhowlongthefoodstayedonacontaminatedfloor.原文Isitreallyoktoeatfoodthat'sfallenonthefloor?A)Whenyoudropapieceoffoodonthefloor,isitreallyOKtoeatifyoupickitupwithinfiveseconds?Anurbanfoodmythcontendsthatiffoodspendsjustafewsecondsonthefloor,dirtandgermswon'thavemuchofachancetocontaminateit.Researchinmylabhasfocusedonhowfoodbecomescontaminated,andwe'vedonesomeworkonthisparticularpieceofwisdom.B)Whilethe"five-secondrule"mightnotseemlikethemostpressingissueforfoodscientiststogettothebottomof,it'sstillworthinvestigatingfoodmythslikethisonebecausetheyshapeourbeliefsaboutwhenfoodissafetoeat.C)Soisfivesecondsonthefloorthecriticalthreshold（门槛）thatseparatesapieceofeatablefoodfromacaseoffoodpoisoning?It'sabitmorecomplicatedthanthat.Itdependsonjusthowmanybacteriacanmakeitfromfloortofoodinafewsecondsandjusthowdirtytheflooris.D)WonderingiffoodisstillOKtoeatafterit'sdroppedonthefloorisaprettycommonexperience.Andit'sprobablynotanewoneeitherAwell-known,butinaccurate,storyaboutJuliaChildmayhavecontributedtothisfoodmyth.Someviewersofhercookingshow,TheFrenchChef,insisttheysawChilddroplambonthefloorandpickitup,withtheadvicethatiftheywerealoneinthekitchen,theirguestswouldneverknow.E)Infactitwasapotatopancake,anditfellonthestovetop,notonthefloorChildputitbackinthepan,saying,"Butyoucanalwayspickitupandifyou'realoneinthekitchen,who'sgoingtoseeit?"Butthemisrememberedstorypersists.It'shardertopindowntheoriginsoftheoft-quotedfive-secondrule,buta2003studyreportedthat70%ofwomenand56%ofmensurveyedwerefamiliarwiththefive-secondruleandthatwomenweremorelikelythanmentoeatfoodthathaddroppedonthefloor.F)Sowhatdoessciencetellusaboutwhatafewmomentsonthefloormeansforthesafetyofyourfood?Theearliestresearchreportonthefive-secondruleisattributedtoJillianClarke,ahighschoolstudentparticipatinginaresearchprojectattheUniversityofIllinois.Clarkeandhercolleaguesintroducedbacteriatofloortiles（瓷砖）andthenplacedcookiesonthetilesforvaryingtimes.Theyreportedbacteriaweretransferredfromthetilestothecookieswithinfiveseconds,butdidn'treportthespecificamountofbacteriathatmadeitfromthetilestothefood.G)Buthowmanybacteriaactuallytransferinfiveseconds?In2007,mylabatClemsonUniversitypublishedastudyintheJournalofAppliedMicrobiology.Wewantedtoknowifthelengthoftimefoodisincontactwithacontaminatedsurfaceaffectedtherateoftransferofbacteriatothefood.Tofindout,weintroducedbacteriatosquaresoftile,carpetorwood.Fiveminutesafterthat,weplacedeitherbaconorbreadonthesurfacefor5,30or60seconds,andthenmeasuredthenumberofbacteriatransferredtothefood.Werepeatedthisprocedureafterthebacteriahadbeenonthesurfacefor2,4,8and24hours.H)Wefoundthatthenumberofbacteriatransferredtoeitherkindoffooddidn'tdependmuchonhowlongthefoodwasincontactwiththecontaminatedsurface--whetherforafewsecondsorforawholeminute.Theoverallnumberofbacteriaonthesurfacematteredmore,andthisdecreasedovertimeaftertheinitialintroduction.Itlookslikewhat'satissueislesshowlongyourfoodstaysonthefloorandmuchmorehowcontaminatedwithbacteriathatpatchoffloorhappenstobe.I)Wealsofoundthatthekindofsurfacemadeadifferenceaswell.Carpets,forinstance,seemtobeslightlybetterplacestodropyourfoodthanwoodortile.Whenacarpetwascontaminated,lessthan1%ofthebacteriaweretransferred.Butwhenthefoodwasincontactwithtileorwood,48-70%ofbacteriawere.J)Lastyear,astudyfromAstonUniversityintheUKusednearlyidenticalparameters（参数）toourstudyandfoundsimilarresults.Theyalsoreportedthat87%ofpeopleaskedeitherwouldeatorhadeatenfoodfallenonthefloor.K)Shouldyoueatfoodfallenonthefloorthen?Fromafoodsafetystandpointifyouhavemillionsormorebacteriaonasurface,0.1%isstillenoughtomakeyousick.Also,certaintypesofbacteriaareextremelyharmful,andittakesonlyasmallnumbertomakeyousick.Forexample,10bacteriaorlessofanespeciallydeadlystrainofbacteriacancausesevereillnessanddeathinpeoplewithcompromisedimmunesystems.Butthechanceofthesebacteriabeingonmostsurfacesisverylow.L)Andit'snotjustdroppingfoodonthefloorthatcanleadtobacterialcontamination.Bacteriaarecarriedbyvarious"media",whichcanincluderawfood,moistsurfaceswherebacteriahavebeenleft,ourhandsorskinandfromcoughingorsneezing（打喷嚏）.Hands,foodsandutensils（器皿）cancarryindividualbacterialivingincommunitiescontainedwithinaprotectivefilm.Thesemicroscopiclayersofdepositscontainingbacteriaareknownasbiofilmsandtheyarefoundonmostsurfacesandobje